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Taking the “One Million-Mu (666 km2)” Plain Afforestation (Phase I) Project (Phase I afforestation) in Beijing city as an example, we monitored the growth status of planted forest using long-term remote sensing images, and evaluated the impacts of afforestation on land use change and vegetation growth. We found there is a large space for improvement regarding the ecological benefits of the project. Moreover, we found forest patches with decreasing greenness after the afforestation were mainly converted from farmland with high greenness and low heterogeneity in terms of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This implies that those farmland patches are inappropriate for afforestation. According to the results from Phase I afforestation and the impact of urbanization on green space, we constructed a series of spatial variables and generated a suitability map for the next “New Round of One Million-Mu (666 km2) Afforestation project” (Phase II afforestation). We then modeled the spatial distribution of Phase II afforestation based on the derived suitability map. This study is crucial for the scientific evaluation of afforestation projects for space planning (e.g., urban green space planning). The evaluation and modeling framework built in this study can be used to support the decision making and policy implementation of afforestation projects in China.

Background: The global COVID-19 epidemic remains severe, with the cumulative global death toll reaching more than 207,170 as of May 2, 2020 (1). Purpose: Our research objective is to establish a reliable nomogram to predict mortality in COVID-19 patients. The nomogram can help us distinguish between patients who are at high risk of death and need close attention. Patients and Methods: For the single-center retrospective study, we collected 21 cases of patients who died in the critical illness area of the Optical Valley Branch of Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, from February 9 to March 10. Additionally, we selected 99 patients discharged during this period for analysis. The nomogram was constructed to predict the mortality for COVID-19 patients using the primary group of 120 patients and was validated using an independent cohort of 84 patients. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to construct the prediction model. The nomogram was evaluated for calibration, differentiation, and clinical usefulness. Results: The predictors included in the nomogram were c-reactive protein, PaO2/FiO2, and cTnI. The areas under the curves of the nomogram were 0.988 (95% CI: 0.972–1.000) and 0.956 (95% CI, 0.874–1.000) in the primary and validation groups, respectively. Decision curve analysis suggests that the nomogram may have clinical usefulness. Conclusion: This study provides a nomogram containing c-reactive protein, PaO2/FiO2, and cTnI that can be conveniently used to predict individual mortality in COVID-19 patients. Next, we will collect as many cases as possible from multiple centers to build a more reliable nomogram to predict mortality for COVID-19 patients.

In spite of the unique advantages of minimally invasive treatment, laparoscopic surgery is not recommended in T4 colon cancer patients with the concern of technical feasibility and suboptimal oncologic outcomes. We used the database of our center to reevaluate laparoscopic surgery's value in T4 colon cancer and compared with open surgery in both short- and long-term outcomes.We conducted a retrospective and propensity score-matched study of pathological T4 colon cancer patients who received laparoscopic surgery or open surgery from March 2011 to August 2015.A total of 411 pathological T4 colon cancer patients were identified. Propensity score matching (PSM) resulted in 86 patients in laparoscopic group and 86 patients in open group. Our study showed longer operation time, less blood loss and less length of postsurgical stay compared with open surgeries (167 ± 56 min vs. 111 ± 50.1 min, P 0.001; 72 ± 61.5 mL vs. 113 ± 113.9 mL, P = 0.004; 7.3 ± 2.1 days vs. 7.9 ± 2.1 days, P = 0.046, respectively). 7 (8.2%) patients underwent conversions to open surgery. 5-years of DFS and OS showed no statistic difference between the two groups. The 1-, 3-, and 5-years OS rates were 89.4%, 77.5% and 73.2% for laparoscopic surgery and 95.2%, 82.7% and 73.9% for open surgery (P = 0.618). The 1-, 3-, and 5-years OS rates were 89.5%, 77.2% and 61.7% for laparoscopic surgery and 91.7%, 75.3% and 66.8% for open surgery (P = 0.903).Our analysis demonstrates that there is no statistic difference in short- and long-oncologic outcomes in our center and it is a reliable evidence to support the clinical application of laparoscopic surgery in T4 colon cancer patients. Still, considering the lack of randomized controlled trails, conducting large prospective multi-center population-based studies is not only required, but also pressing.

The present study investigated the intervention efficacies of rosiglitazone (ROS) and retinoin (RET) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into the control group (group C), the model group (group M), the dexamethasone group (group D), the ROS group (group R), the RET group (group W) and the ROS + RET group (group L). Group M and the treatment groups were intratracheally injected with 5 mg/kg bleomycin, while group C was injected with saline. The lungs of rats in each group were inspected using high resolution computed tomography (HRCT), lung tissue hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining; furthermore, lung L-hydroxyproline (Hyp) content and the concentration of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) serum of each group were also determined. The fibrosis score, Hyp content and TGF-β1 concentration of each treatment group were significantly lower when compared with group M (P0.05). Findings from the present study conclude that ROS and RET are able to suppress bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis with improved efficacies when compared with dexamethasone; furthermore, the combination of these two pharmacological agents may exert synergistic effects.

The aim is to diagnose COVID-19 earlier and to improve its treatment by applying medical technology, the “COVID-19 Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment Assistant Program (nCapp)” based on the Internet of Things. Terminal eight functions can be implemented in real-time online communication with the “cloud” through the page selection key. According to existing data, questionnaires, and check results, the diagnosis is automatically generated as confirmed, suspected, or suspicious of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. It classifies patients into mild, moderate, severe or critical pneumonia. nCapp can also establish an online COVID-19 real-time update database, and it updates the model of diagnosis in real time based on the latest real-world case data to improve diagnostic accuracy. Additionally, nCapp can guide treatment. Front-line physicians, experts, and managers are linked to perform consultation and prevention. nCapp also contributes to the long-term follow-up of patients with COVID-19. The ultimate goal is to enable different levels of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment among different doctors from different hospitals to upgrade to the national and international through the intelligent assistance of the nCapp system. In this way, we can block disease transmission, avoid physician infection, and epidemic prevention and control as soon as possible.

Context: Previous studies have reported that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is associated with lung fibrosis. However, the role of Cav-1 expression in pirfenidone-treated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is unknown. Objective: This study investigated Cav-1 expression in pirfenidone-treated IPF, and compared the effects of pirfenidone with acetylcysteine and prednisone on IPF. Materials and methods: Rat IPF model was established by endotracheal injection of 5 mg/kg bleomycin A5 into the specific pathogen-free Wistar male rats. Pirfenidone (P, 100 mg/kg once daily), prednisone (H, 5 mg/kg once daily) and acetylcysteine (N, 4 mg/kg 3 times per day) were used to treat the rat model by intragastric administration for 45 consecutive days, respectively. The normal rats without IPF were used as the controls. After 15, 30 and 45 days of drug treatment, lung histopathology was assessed. The expression of Cav-1 was determined using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot; the expression of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After 15, 30 and 45 days of drug treatment, comparison of the three drug-treated groups with the model group showed significantly lower (p

Increasing evidence indicates that inflammation plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been established. In this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted in patients with CRC in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) between April 1, 2007 and April 30, 2014, and 5,336 patients were identified eligible. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and albumin/globulin ratio (AGR) were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the prognostic factors. Nomograms were established to predict OS and DFS, and Harrell's concordance index (c-index) was adopted to evaluate prediction accuracy. As results, the 5-year OS was 79.2% and the 5-year DFS was 56.0% in the cohort. Patients were stratified into 2 groups by NLR (≤2.72 and >2.72), PLR (≤219.00 and >219.00), LMR (≤2.83 and >2.83) and AGR ( 2.72, PLR > 219.00, LMR ≤ 2.83 and AGR

3062 Background: With the proven success of PD-1 and PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, exploiting antibody based immune checkpoint strategies has potential to reduce disease burden and improve patient survival outcome. IBI318, as a first-in-class anti-PD-1/PD-L1 bispecific antibody, could provide more potent anti-tumor activity and more durable response. Here we report preliminary results from an ongoing phase 1a/1b study of IBI318 in advanced tumors. Methods: In the dose escalation of Phase 1a, patients with advanced and/or refractory solid tumors or hematological malignancies were enrolled to receive IBI318. Dose escalation was from 0.3 mg to 600 mg (8 cohorts) via an accelerated titration followed by a modified toxicity probability interval-2 design with a 28-day dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) observation period. Patients without DLT will receive IBI318 every two week (Q2W). Tumor assessments were performed every 6 weeks. Results: As of Jan 10, 2020, 15 pts who had failed at least one line of treatment had been enrolled (1 pt each in 0.3 mg, 1 mg, 3 mg and 10 mg; 3 pts in 30 mg; 3 pts in 100 mg, 3 pts in 300 mg and 2 pts in 600 mg) for dose escalation and received at least 1 dose of treatment. Median duration of treatment was 6.1 (range: 2.1-24.7) weeks. IBI318 had been well tolerated with no DLT from 0.3mg to 300mg group. 11 of 15 pts had treatment related AEs (TRAEs) and the most common (≥10%) TRAEs were pyrexia (20.0%, G1/2) and infusion-related reaction (20.0%, G1/2). 1 patient in 300 mg had an immune-related AE (G2 arthritis). No ≥G3 TRAE had been observed. 12 pts had at least one on-study tumor assessment. 3 of 9 pts receiving dose level ≥10mg had achieved partial response (1 confirmed, 1 pending confirmation and the other PD after the first PR scan). A total of 10 pts discontinued treatment due to disease progression (8) and AE (2, G4 lung infection and G4 upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, both were not related to treatment). Conclusions: IBI318 has shown an acceptable safety profile. Preliminary efficacy results are promising in advanced cancer patients. The study is currently ongoing at dose level of 600 mg Q2W. Clinical trial information: NCT03875157 .

This paper reports a social media analysis studyproposed by the Beijing Municipal Institute of Urban Planningand Design. The purpose is to explore techniques that can help theurban planning administrations to improve the social sensing andsocial perception abilities under the evolving data and technologyenvironments. A framework integrating a comprehensive set oftext mining algorithms is presented to conduct topic modeling, text clustering, event evolution detection, sentiment analysis, opinion mining, and information extraction on user-generatedcontents in Chinese social media. A domain ontology of Beijingurban planning is constructed to facilitate the text mining processes. Evaluations on two large, real-world datasets composed ofmicroblogs and WeChat articles about the residential communityand school education in Beijing demonstrate the effectiveness ofour framework. The study illustrates the power of combiningmachine learning with knowledge-based, semantic approaches inanalyzing social media for the domain of interest.

Background To assess the level of asthma control achieved with budesonide/formoterol in Chinese patients with asthma, based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) definition and Asthma Control Test (ACT) score. Methods This multicenter, cross-sectional study (NCT01785901) evaluated asthma control levels in Chinese patients receiving physician-prescribed budesonide/formoterol treatment. Adults with a diagnosis of asthma ≥6 months and receiving budesonide/formoterol treatment ≥3 months before screening were consecutively enrolled. Data including medical and medication history were collected using face-to-face questionnaires and physical examinations during a single visit. Results A total of 1483 asthma out-patients from 27 medical centers were enrolled; 217 (14.6%) were treated with budesonide/formoterol using a fixed-dose strategy and 1266 (85.4%) with the SMART (Symbicort ® Maintenance And Reliever Therapy) strategy. According to GINA criteria, asthma was controlled in 58.6% (95% CI: 56.1%–61.1%) of patients and was either controlled or partly controlled in 94.1% (95% CI: 92.8%–95.3%) of patients. According to ACT score, asthma was completely controlled in 22.4% (95% CI: 20.3%–24.6%) of patients and was either completely or well controlled in 83.3% (95% CI: 81.4%–85.2%) of patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a >5-year history of asthma and an age of >50 years were factors associated with lower levels of asthma control. Conclusions This study demonstrated high levels of asthma control (GINA: controlled and partly controlled and ACT: completely and well controlled) in Chinese patients with asthma treated with budesonide/formoterol. Greater age and a longer disease history were associated with lower levels of asthma control. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT01785901. Registered February 5, 2013.

Social sensing belongs to an interdisciplinary research field formed in the background of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and big data development. This can be attributed to the continuous improvements in data acquisition, processing and analysis capacity for urban and social economy studies. It has been recognized that social sensing holds potential benefits across a number of industry sectors. This chapter analyzes the influences of social sensing on Planning Support System (PSS) and decision making with specific applications in supporting data, technology, function and application aspects. A case study is provided which focuses on the renovation planning in Changxindian old town, Beijing. The case study proves that social sensing has positive effects in addressing some of the disadvantages of PSSs and enabling such systems to play a greater role in planning practice. Based on analysis, this chapter puts forward the proposition that social sensing should be adopted as a critical component of PSS for urban planning in a smart city.

This paper presents a 10-bit hybrid ADC which consists of the coarse flash ADC and the fine SAR ADC. A novel switching scheme is proposed and used in the hybrid architecture ADC. Compared with the MCS scheme, the proposed switching scheme reduces the capacitor requirement by almost twofold and improves the average switching energy efficiency by 81.22%. In order to achieve the required rail-to-rail input swing, the dynamic comparators with a rail-to-rail common-mode input range are adopted in the flash ADC. This hybrid ADC is designed in a SMIC 0.18µm CMOS technology and simulation result achieves an ENOB of 9.929-bit with an input signal near the Nyquist frequency. And the estimated power consumption is 2.49mW with a supply voltage of 1.8V.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of pirfenidone on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats, in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of periostin-induced fibrosis. The lung fibrosis model was constructed using a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin in rats. The normal rats without bleomycin administration were used as controls (n=24). Bleomycin-treated rats were randomized into the model (M) or pirfenidone (P) group (n=24 per group). Rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 28 following treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to analyze pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis. Periostin location was detected by immunohistochemistry. Hydroxyproline content, and expression of periostin and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were detected by ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blotting. Correlation of periostin expression with hydroxyproline and TGF-β1 content was also analyzed. Histological findings demonstrated that pirfenidone significantly inhibited bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and reduced the hydroxyproline content on day 14 and day 28 compared with the model group (P

Urban planning is a decision process that needs to mine rich information to serve plan development, decision making and plan implementation evaluation. There is little research to date on the evaluation of urban master plan implementation by big data. This study aims to analyze Beijing subway transit smart card data and evaluate the implementation of Beijing's urban master plan (2004–2020). This paper introduces the conceptual framework of the study including: a literature review; an analysis of master plan implementation evaluation requirements; and the features of subway transit smart card data. The research approaches are described and the implementation evaluation of Beijing's master plan in terms of city space layout, coordinated development and city development patterns are presented. Finally, the evaluation conclusions are summarized and the key role of subway transit smart card data in urban master plan implementation evaluation is discussed, proving the valuable support capability of big data.

A 50 MHz 1.8/0.9 V dual-mode buck DC-DC converter is proposed in this paper. A dual-mode control for high-frequency DC-DC converter is presented to enhance the conversion efficiency of light-load in this paper. A novel zero-crossing detector is proposed to shut down synchronous rectification transistor NMOS when the inductor crosses zero, which can decrease the power loss caused by reverse current and the trip point is adjusted by regulating IBIAS (BIAS current). A new logic control for pulse-skipping modulation loop is also presented in this paper, which has advantages of simple structure and low power loss. The proposed converter is realized in SMIC 0.18μm 1-poly 6-metal mixed signal CMOS process. With switching loss, conduction loss and reverse current related loss optimized, an efficiency of 57% is maintained at 10 mA, and a peak efficiency of 71% is measured at nominal operating conditions with a voltage conversion of 1.8 to 0.9 V.

The different sisal fibers concrete secimens were maded with the different percentage content sisal fibers. They were tested on the compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and dry shrinkage, etc, the study finds that reinforcing the concrete by sisal fibers of certain content can significantly improve the performance of tensile strength, flexural strength, shrinkage resistance and impact resistance, but not the compressive strength. This technology can be widely used in the pavement construction and maintenance.

Over the past ten years, the development of urban planning support systems has made remarkable progress, yet most of urban planning support systems based on GIS do not readily fit the changing professional requirements of the urban-rural spatial development planning because they are far too generic, complex, inflexible and incompatible with most spatial development planning tasks. Accordingly, how to effectively build up a platform orienting towards planning tasks and planners rather than technology itself by using GIS is still a challenge. The research in this paper analyzes the status quo of urban-rural spatial planning technological system and methodology and proposes the idea of design, development and application of urban-rural spatial development planning platform (URSDPP) based on the GIS technology. The methodology and key technologies needed for building URSDPP are discussed. The logical framework and software modules are illustrated which clearly manifest how GIS work together with other technologies. Three case studies are introduced which proves the advancement, reliability and suitability of URSDPP.