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The deficiencies of existing standard iron and nickel samples for calibration by means of X-ray diffraction are noted. These standards cannot be used in calibration by magnetic noise recording. A new calibration method based on X-ray diffraction is proposed, using plane samples of the material employed in the manufacture of the actual structures. Theoretical analysis provides the basis for the development of null standards in which a plane sample is deformed by pure flexure or in a cantilever-beam configuration.

Analytical expressions for the calculation of drawing stress and the optimal channel angle of the drawing tool, making it possible to operatively evaluate the influence of various manufacturing factors on the energy-power parameters of the process and on the longitudinal stresses in the layers of bimetallic composite, are derived for designing the drawing process of bimetallic wares. Disadvantages of the proposed formulas are noted.

When designing the drawing process of sections with a regular polygon profile, it is convenient to use analytical expressions that make it possible to operatively evaluate the effect of different manufacturing factors. A calculation procedure for stress in this process is proposed. The relationships are derived for the calculation of the drawing stress, the optimal angle for the drawing-tool channel, the limiting deformation rate with the use of a standard tool, and the stress-state characteristic in the axial part of the deformation zone. The application of a drawing tool with optimum angles decreases the accumulation rate for defects of the metal structure and makes it possible to decrease the number of intermediate thermal treatments during multiple drawing.

The process of drawing rectangular sections is conveniently designed with the use of analytical expressions that make it possible to operatively evaluate different manufacturing factors. The application of a drawing tool with optimum angles makes it possible to cut down power inputs and reduce the failure and unsoundness of a blank. A design procedure for the drawing stress of the rectangular section is advanced. Formulas for calculating the drawing stress and determining the optimum angles of a channel of the drawing tool are derived. It is shown that the optimum angles depend on the friction coefficient and the reduction ratio.

The feasibility of thermoelectric detection in cryogenic detectors was demonstrate at elevated temperature of 1 K with a 33 mm3 volume silicon absorber placed in electrical field. Au:Fe-Nb thermocouple was used as a thermometer, installed directly on the heat absorber. The resolution, provided by Au:Fe-Nb thermocouple with SQUID read-out was 2.10−7 K/Hz1/2, which is one order of magnitude less than expected, and was limited by a noise of SQUID electronics.

Research in cryogenic particle detection in Dubna is currently an experimental approach to the theoretically predicted energy resolution and threshold for massive calorimetric detectors through optimization of a thermometry, electronics and cryogenic arrangement. Particular attention is focused on silicon detectors utilising the ionization-into-heat conversion phenomenon in order to obtain an eV threshold per kg of mass. The first results for a silicon detector with 30 cm3 volume, operating at (10–70) mK temperatures and assisted with an InSb:Mn thermistor and a very low 1 f noise JFET preamplifier are presented.

Universal cryostat, designed as insertable unit with 51 mm fitting diameter and providing temperatures down to 0.3 K for applications in solid state and cryogenic particle detector research is described. The key features of the cryostat are charcoal pumping of both 3 He and 4 He gases, which are permanently stored inside the cryostat under high pressure, and complete electrical control during the operation.