Search

Most types of spinal cord injury (SCI) observed in humans can be replicated in adult rat models, which are widely used for laboratory studies of SCI rehabilitation. To ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of an SCI rat model, the minimal time spent performing the laminectomy procedure and the damage caused to the body are of great importance. We describe and evaluate the effectiveness and advantages of a laminectomy auxiliary device (LAD) for removing the rat vertebral lamina without injuring the spinal cord. The incision size, success rate, operation duration, body weight, BBB score, step detection, latency and amplitude of transcranial electrical motor-evoked potentials (tceMEPs), and serum MDA and SOD levels were recorded in 8 normal rats, 8 rats treated with traditional laminectomy and 8 rats treated with LAD laminectomy. Compared with traditional laminectomy, in our LAD, the surgical incision was smaller (approximately 2.2 and 1.3 cm, respectively), the success rate was higher (88.89% and 100%, respectively) and the duration shorter (14.644±1.617 and 4.821±0.668 minutes, respectively). Compared with normal rats, those treated with either laminectomy using LAD or the traditional method showed slower body weight gain and temporarily increased oxidative stress levels. However, there were no significant differences between these two groups. Our results show that laminectomy using this LAD provides three main advantages in rats: a high success rate, time savings, small incisions and reduced trauma. We believe this LAD can be used as an effective assistant tool for rodent laminectomy.

A practical cost estimation about the design model of the utility tunnel is essential for the management of the utility tunnel in the design stage. However, the process for quantity calculation based on the design model from the utility tunnel is inefficient because of the inaccurate recognition. Issues in quantity calculation will be resolved with the method related to Revit secondary development (RSD) proposed in the paper. On the basis of Application Programming Interface (API), programming language C#, and programming platform Visual Studio, we established a tight correspondence between the design model of utility tunnel and the external database for quantity calculation. Consequently, results of the quantity calculation based on utility tunnel depended on the clarified model of utility tunnel were available. A case of utility tunnel in the new southern district of Nanjing was studied. It has shown that the results of RSD are better than that of the existing third-party calculation software, in terms of recognition accuracy and data integrity. The results of the study verified the reliability of method proposed in the paper.

Dense connected convolutional neural network (Dense Net) is a new architecture of deep convolutional neural network, which ensures the maximum information transmission between network layers by establishing the connection relationship between different layers. In the task of text remote supervised relation extraction, aiming at the limitation of existing neural network methods using shallow network to extract features, a deep convolution neural network model with dense connection based on attention mechanism is designed. In this model, the dense connection module and maximum pooling layer composed of 5 layer convolutional neural network are used as the sentence encoder. By combining the lexical, syntactic and semantic features of different levels, it helps the network to learn the features, so as to obtain more abundant semantic information of the input sentence. At the same time, it reduces the gradient vanishing phenomenon of deep neural network, and makes the network more capable of representing natural language Strong. Secondly, the word level attention is introduced to calculate the relevance between two entities and context words, so as to fully capture the semantic information of the entity context in the sentence; then the sentence level attention is constructed on multiple instances to reduce the problem of label error labeling; finally, the dependency inclusion relationship between different relationships is automatically learned through the attention of the relationship level. The average accuracy of the model on the NYT freebase dataset is 83.5%. Experimental results show that the model can effectively use features and improve the accuracy of remote supervised relationship extraction.

The recognition of named entities in Chinese clinical electronic medical records is one of the basic tasks to realize smart medical care. Aiming at the insufficient text semantic representation of the traditional word vector model and the inability of the recurrent neural network (RNN) model to solve the problems of long-term dependence, a Chinese clinical electronic medical record named entity recognition model XLNet-BiLSTM-MHA-CRF based on XLNet is proposed. Use the XLNet pre-training language model as the embedding layer to vectorize the medical record text to solve the problem of ambiguity; use the bidirectional long and short-term memory network (BiLSTM) gate control unit to obtain the forward and backward semantic feature information of the sentence; Then input the feature sequence to the multi-head attention layer (multi-head attention, MHA), use MHA to obtain information represented by different subspaces of the feature sequence, enhance the relevance of context semantics and eliminate noise; finally, input the conditional random field CRF to identify the global maximum 优 sequence. The experimental results show that the XLNet-BiLSTM-Attention-CRF model has achieved good results on the CCKS-2017 named entity recognition data set.

The purpose of the present study was to establish an effective robotic assistive stepping pattern of body-weight-supported treadmill training based on a rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model and assess the effect by comparing this with another frequently used assistive stepping pattern. The recorded stepping patterns of both hind limbs of trained intact rats were edited to establish a 30-sec playback normal rat stepping pattern (NRSP). Step features (step length, step height, step number and swing duration), BBB scores, latencies, and amplitudes of the transcranial electrical motor-evoked potentials (tceMEPs) and neurofilament 200 (NF200) expression in the spinal cord lesion area during and after 3 weeks of body-weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) were compared in rats with spinal contusion receiving NRSP assistance (NRSPA) and those that received manual assistance (MA). Hind limb stepping performance among rats receiving NRSPA during BWSTT was greater than that among rats receiving MA in terms of longer step length, taller step height, and longer swing duration. Furthermore a higher BBB score was also indicated. The rats in the NRSPA group achieved superior results in the tceMEPs assessment and greater NF200 expression in the spinal cord lesion area compared with the rats in the MA group. These findings suggest NRSPA was an effective assistive pattern of treadmill training compared with MA based on the rat SCI model and this approach could be used as a new platform for animal experiments for better understanding the mechanisms of SCI rehabilitation.

Aim The purposes of this study were to explore the optimal time for starting walking training in the first month after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and to discuss the relationship between changes in motor function and transcranial electrical motor evoked potentials (tceMEPs). Methods Four groups of rats with SCI (BSWTT-3, 7, 14, 12) performed body-weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) for three weeks beginning at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after SCI, respectively. The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score and tceMEPs were assessed weekly. Weekly repeated measures and multiple comparisons between groups were performed to identify differences in motor function and tceMEPs. Correlation analysis was performed to clarify the relationship between BBB scores and tceMEPs over time. Results Although there was no significant difference between the BWSTT-14 group and the other three BWSTT groups at the end of the experiment in terms of BBB scores and the latency of tceMEPs, the BWSTT-14 group obtained the best trends in improvement of BBB scores and the latencies and amplitudes of tceMEPs over time. The BBB scores of rats with SCI were strongly negatively correlated with tceMEPs latency. The BBB scores of rats with SCI, except for the rats in the BWSTT-3 group, were strongly positively correlated with the tceMEPs amplitude. Conclusions The preliminary conclusion was that based on a rat model, 14 days after SCI was the optimal time for starting BWSTT. tceMEPs were an objective indicator of spinal cord nerve function, which was strongly correlated with motor function recovery. However, one limitation of this study was that the rats in the Sham group did not undergo BWSTT, which made the training itself a confounding factor for the results.

The once-through boiler is widely used in high capacity unit currently, however its heat storage capacity is small, and the unit’s response lags during primary frequency regulation. These all lead to the limited frequency regulation ability. For the purpose of studying the primary frequency regulation optimized control strategy, this paper established a primary frequency regulation characteristic simulation platform based on stimulative simulation system. Using this platform, it proposed an improved program for once-through boiler’s primary frequency regulation control strategy. It’s supposed to cover the insufficient heat storage capacity of the boiler by introducing the differential feed forward signal of the fuel supply and water flow. The simulation result shows that the proposed control scheme effectively improves the speed of primary frequency regulation. This platform provides a reliable basis for once-through boiler’s primary frequency regulation control strategy, and also has a certain guiding significance for further study.

2 × 660MW ultra-supercritical units of O'Brien Power Plant are single configuration of auxiliary pilot project, due to the higher its parameters and performance requirements, it need better control strategies to ensure safe and economical operation. Against traditional cascade PID main steam’s temperature control system delaying large, this article proposed control strategy based on Smith estimated. Main steam’s temperature controlled object inert zone mathematical model can be showed by multi-volume model, and use the improved system for large inertia Smith Predictor to make dynamic parameter control systems improvements. Simulation results of the simulation machine show that: Optimization emperor steam temperature control is in an adjustable range and the policy in separate auxiliary units is feasible.

In this study, we evaluate the influence of post surface pre-treatments on the bond strength of four different cements to glass fiber posts. Eighty extracted human maxillary central incisors and canines were endodontically treated and standardized post spaces were prepared. Four post pre-treatments were tested: (i) no pre-treatment (NS, control), (ii) sandblasting (SA), (iii) silanization (SI) and (iv) sandblasting followed by silanization (SS). Per pre-treatment, four dual-cure resin cements were used for luting posts: DMG LUXACORE Smartmix Dual, Multilink Automix, RelyX Unicem and Panavia F2.0. All the specimens were subjected to micro push-out test. Two-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were performed (α=0.05) to analyze the data. Bond strength was significantly affected by the type of resin cement, and bond strengths of RelyX Unicem and Panavia F2.0 to the fiber posts were significantly higher than the other cement groups. Sandblasting significantly increased the bond strength of DMG group to the fiber posts.

In order to effectively remove heat load created by oil system, hydraulic system, cabin and airborne electrical equipment on the aircraft, fuel is selected to be heat sink. Using fuel as heat sink results in the rise of fuel temperature, so fuel is required to dissipate heat through tank walls and exchange heat with air by air-fuel heat exchanger to ensure that the heat-absorbing capacity of fuel is sufficient. And fuel temperature of tanks is required to be calculated in the whole flight envelope based on the given powers of air-fuel heat exchanger, which is used to examine if fuel temperature meet the limitation of safe temperature. Before this, inner and outer convective heat transfer coefficients of tanks have to be known in the calculation of the heat dissipation of fuel through tank walls. FLUENT is utilized to conduct three-dimensional flow field simulation of aircraft and each tank to get outer and inner convective heat transfer coefficients. FLOWMASTER is applied to make a simulation of the aircraft integrated thermal management to obtain inlet parameters of fuel tanks, which could be used as boundary conditions of FLUENT. Then fuel temperature could be calculated by using overall heat transfer differential equations. The results show that it is the best choice for fuel temperature control when the power of air-fuel heat exchanger is 10 KW. The idea of this paper can be used as a back-up plan in the aspect of aircraft integrated thermal management.

A “longevity ” gene, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), can attenuate age-dependent induction of left ventricular dysfunction. This study aimed to characterize the role of SIRT1 in the tolerance of aged heart to ischemic insults. Male C57BL/6 young (4–6 mo) and aged (24–26 mo) mice were used to determine the role of SIRT1 in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) tolerance. SIRT1 localization was assessed by confocal microscopy. Immunoblotting was used to evaluate SIRT1 expression and translocation. The results demonstrated that SIRT1 is expressed predominantly as a sumoylated form in cardiomyocyte nuclei. Moreover, cardiac overexpression of desumoylase, sentrin-specific protease 2 (SENP2), significantly reduces nuclear sumoylated SIRT1 levels (P

Multi-point spraying air-conditioning room is widely used in some textile mills due to the advantage of no spray pipe and high power water pump. This article take the textile air-conditioning rooms as an example, comparing with the design of supply air system and result of experiment tests, the characteristics of multi-point spraying of air-conditioning system in supply air and heat and moisture exchange efficiency during actual operation are obtained. Besides, comparing with the wind pressure chart of the design of supply air system and result of experiment tests, it comes to a conclusion that Multi-point spraying air-conditioning room should be improved according to their own situation in actual operation. It also proposes the feasibility of wind pressure chart for regulate of supply air system.

To study the thermal property and the feasibility about the target type impinging stream nozzles, the thermotechnical parameters have been measured in Xi'an No.3 Textile mill. The equation between quantity of water and pressure, aperture, spacing has been established by regression analysis method. In the same way, the equation and the characteristic curve about efficiency and spacing, air mass velocity has been built. Comparing with the centrifugal nozzle, water distribution system about each nozzle has been calculated. Hydrographic net resistance of each kind of system has been calculated and the economical analysis has been done. It may provide a reference basis for choosing nozzle and designing the water spray chamber.

In this paper, the numerical simulation of internal and external flow field of target type impinging stream nozzle by using Fluent software is observed, the effect on nozzle atomization was obtained by simulating the size of nozzle structure（the diameter d of nozzle and distance δ between the target and plate）and pressure P (that is to say the flow velocity). The results show that: the larger the structure size and the pressure of nozzle，the better the effect of nozzle atomization.That it has superiority than the general centrifugal nozzles and can save water quantity.

Background. Since it has been shown that the severity of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and, in particular, the degree of monocyte infiltration, correlate both with the degree of renal impairment at biopsy and with the risk of disease progression, attention has been focused on the development of experimental models of TIN. Methods. We induced TIN by injecting rats with a monoclonal antibody, R3b1 (which binds around the proximal tubular basement membrane (TBM) but not to glomeruli), and also by enhancing the host immune reactions to R3b1 bound around the TBM. Results. R3b1 was demonstrated to bind around the proximal TBM but not to glomeruli in vitro and also in vivo. The binding of R3b1 around the proximal TBM induced mild focal ED-1-positive cell infiltration in the interstitium. Enhanced host immune reaction to bound R3b1 resulted in a transient increase in the number of focally infiltrated ED-1-positive cells in the interstitium, although it shortened the period during which R3b1 was demonstrable around the TBM. There were no significant increases in immunostaining for vimentin and osteopontin, or collagen types I and IV, suggesting that, immunohistochemically, there was no tubular cell damage and no interstitial fibrosis, respectively. Light microscopy revealed focal interstitial cell infiltration, supporting the results obtained by immunofluorescence as ED-1-positive cell infiltration. Tubular cell atrophy, enlargement, and interstitial fibrosis were not observed. Conclusions. The enhancement of host immune reaction to mouse immunoglobulins, i.e., to monoclonal antibody R3b1 bound around the proximal TBM induced by two immunizations, resulted in an increased degree of focal ED-1-positive cell infiltration in the interstitium, but no demonstrable tubular cell injury or interstitial fibrosis. R3b1 did not induce progressive tubulointerstitial injury, even in rats preimmunized and booster-immunized with mouse IgG.

Background The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is 12.7% in Singapore. Managing people with diabetes in the community may be needed to reduce unnecessary utilisation of expensive specialist resources and to reduce hospital waiting times for patients with complications.Care Practice The Singapore General Hospital (SGH) Delivering on Target (DOT) Programme was launched in 2005 to right-site clinically stable diabetic patients from the hospital to private DOT GPs. The Chronic Disease Management Office (CDMO) was established and a fully customised DOT information technology (IT) system was developed. Three initiatives were implemented: (i) Subsidised Drug Delivery Programme, (ii) Diagnostic Tests Incentive Programme, and (iii) Allied Healthcare Incentive Programme.Discussion Right-siting was enabled through patient incentives that eased the burden of out-of-pocket expenditure. Right Siting Officers (RSOs) maintained a general oversight of the patient pathway. The integrated system supported shared care follow-up by enabling DOT GPs to share updates on the patients' health status with the referring specialists.Conclusion A coherent process across all healthcare providers similar to the SGH DOT Programme may facilitate efforts to shift the care for people with diabetes to the community and to provide integrated care. Successful integration may require incentives for institutional partners and patients.

The defects unavoidably existing on the optical component will modulate the phase and the amplitude of the beam propagation in the system. Based on the Fresnel diffractiond and split-step Fourier method, the two-dimensional intensity distributions of the Gaussion beam propagation in the nonlinear medium and the free space are simulated. And the intensity distributions of the beam propagation in the medium and the free space are also studied in the case where there exist defects on the front surface of thick medium. It is shown that the thicker the medium and the lager the nonlinear index of refraction, the stronger the beam focus and the closer to the medium surface the focal position is. The defects on the medium surface will lead to a strong beam intensity near the rear surface of the medium. And the intensity generated by the phase modulated defects is stronger than by the amplitude modulated defects.

This article takes a spinning workshop of Xi’an region in summer as an example, calculated and contrasted each part cooling load of spinning workshop by using cooling load coefficient method and steady calculation method, it comes to a conclusion that the results of two algorithms are little different and using steady calculation method is simple and convenient. Then we research an air treatment method which collecting process exhaust separately in spinning workshop, and calculate required cooling capacity. We think this method is feasible and can calculate it accurately to avoiding the phenomenon that workshop required cooling capacity not enough by traditional cooling capacity algorithm. It has important practical significance.