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The author discusses what has to be taken into account when designing or upgrading digital archives today. After specifying standards associated with archival functions, this article brings preliminary communication related to upgrading of digital archival system implemented in the Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices in Croatia.

Online advertising developed in 1994 as a means of financing website content production, but a constantly decreasing number of ad impressions and a significant rise in ad blocker users have incurred the loss of 30% of total industry revenue in 2015. However, studies reveal that two-thirds of current ad blocker users would to be willing to turn their blockers off should overall user experience be improved. As marketers continue debating whether the ad block revolution will finish online advertising, this paper presents an alternate viewpoint. It suggests that the rise of the ad block has been beneficial to the industry, because exposing the weaknesses of the current advertising model and the reasons for blocker popularization prompts the damaged model to change. It gathers best practices in dvertising and recommendations for creating ads which do not need to be blocked.

In today's world, hybrid warfare is present like never before. The top spot holds information operations, perception management and various types of cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks that can be carried out via critical infrastructure can disable the normal functioning and development of a society or state for a long time. Analyzing such threats and designing solutions to reduce or eliminate these threats is a challenge for current and upcoming generations of computer security and legal experts. In this research paper, some examples of cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure from this decade are analyzed to see which attack vectors are the biggest threats and what can be done to avoid or minimize its impact.

The development of electronic media has enabled the health service users an open access to different medical information. The patients are not satisfied only with the medical report and diagnosis made by a professional, they want to know more. Therefore digital technology is used to gain more information about the painful syndromes in the lower back. This process can be called e-low back pain. The pain that occurs in the lower back is called lumbago and it can have several causes. The aim of this paper is to analyze the lumbago patients' active participation in order to achieve new knowledge and to expand the already existing ones using different internet sources. The hypothesis stated in the research: H1: Participants show interest and positive attitude in using information technology in order to assist in the back pain treatment. This research carried out the result analysis of the E-back pain questionnaire about the usage of information technology and the digital communication capabilities in order to achieve new knowledge and to expand the already existing one related to the back pain. 120 participants responded to the research, dominantly middle-aged (average age 49.25 years). In conclusion, participants express their positive opinion about using modern information technologies in acquiring and expanding their knowledge about the back pain.

Knowledge is an essential element of modern business and increasing attention is given to its acquisition, distribution and exploitation in everyday business activities. Therefore, KONCAR launched the development of a knowledge management system for its own demands and initiated a collaboration with the academic community for scientific research purposes and potential broader social significance of the project. With regard to the multidisciplinary nature of knowledge management, an agreement was reached with the University of Zagreb, the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing. The knowledge management system will enable an effective management of all segments of intellectual capital of an organization, resulting in increase in productivity and higher market competitiveness, as well as an increased capability for generating new values for all parties to the agreement.

The study provides an overview of smartphone use for academic learning in higher education. The research was conducted on undergraduate and graduate students enrolled in Library and Information Science (LIS) study program at the University of Hong Kong. The research method is survey and an online questionnaire was used to collect data. The study findings show that LIS students commonly use smartphones for communication, socializing, entertainment, casual reading and other daily needs. They use smartphones for academic learning as well. Most frequent learning activities with smartphones are browsing and reading relevant materials on websites, watching videos, searching for information, using productivity tools, and communicating with classmates. Major barriers to using a smartphone for academic learning are the smartphone’s small screen, websites not formatted for smartphones and long loading time.

Development and implementation of e-services has become a common practice of state and public administrations in the developed countries around the world since the usage of information and communication technologies has enabled a faster processing of user applications and more efficient functioning of the service. This paper analyses the level of development of e-services in health care systems of eight European countries, both in terms of safety and reliability from the perspective of end users, i.e. citizens. Furthermore, the concept of trust in e-services based on the availability of information on the Internet on applied technological solutions, storage and data protection and their availability is considered. Implementation of services like e-health records and e- prescriptions requires a well-developed strategy and a very transparent way of their functioning because of the sensitive nature of health data. For this study official websites of the services were searched through, as were other sources on the Internet. The research results indicate a lack of certain key information, especially those related to data storage, their protection and long-term preservation.

Scientific conferences provide opportunities for both formal and informal communication of academic insights among conference participants and make possible the sharing of those insights with the wider academic community as well as the wider public through the publication of conference papers in both print and digital form, and owing to all this they may be considered a significant medium of academic communication. Every system of communication consists of three basic elements: source of information, information user(s) and mediums or channels used for disseminating information. We analysed the system of academic communication using this basic structure, where we approached scientific conferences as a medium used for the dissemination of information. However, it is important to emphasise that in this basic scheme researchers represent the source of information and information users at the same time. Our analysis of academic communication includes both the dissemination and assimilation of scientific information taking place at conferences. Standard forms of activity and interaction at scientific conferences, ranging from oral communication during the giving of presentations, through written communication involved in the publication of papers as part of conference proceedings to one’s very presence at a conference, should carefully be evaluated in terms of their effectiveness as mediums of academic communication. We will present the results of our preliminary research through demonstrating correlations between the number of authors and number of papers presented at previous INFuture conferences, classifying authors by country, co-authorship, etc., and thus provide an introduction into a more detailed research into the communication space created as a result of scientific conferences and the role of that space in the communication within a particular academic community. A more extensive research project will include scientometric and bibiliometric analyses, interviews and comparative analyses that should provide us with insights into the significance of conferences as a medium of academic communication and their impact on the academic community.

Information access – presented in proper language, in understandable way, at the right time and right place can be of considerable importance. Information and communication technology, wrapping also human language technologies, can play important role in information transfer to the specific user. Translation technology along with summarizing technology has opened new possibilities and perspectives, requiring in the same time the critical opinion in information analysis. The main purpose of this research is to present the impact of text summarization and online machine translation tools on information transfer. The research was performed on texts taken from online newspapers in five do- mains (politics, news, sport, film and gastronomy) in English, German and Russian languages. The total of N=240 evaluations were analysed, performed by the same three evaluators. In the research three types of assignments were made. The first assignment was to evaluate machine-translated sentences at the sentence level for the three language pairs (English-Croatian, German-Croatian and Russian-Croatan). In the second task, the similar evaluation was performed, but at the whole text level. In the third assignment, which was related to information transfer, the evaluators were asked to evaluate the overall quality of the texts process in the pipe- lined process (online summarization and online machine translation) for English and German. Assessment was based on the finding the answers to the following questions – who, what, when, where, and how? The results were analysed by ANOVA, t-test and binary logistic regression.

Nucleus of the strategic planning of the integrated information system (SP-IIS) is determined by implication of mutual impacts of its four principal elements: information strategy, info management strategy, info technology strategy and change management strategy, based on which the subject of research is described in the paper, viewed from the aspect of social dimension alignment of the academic (elected) and administrative (permanent) university management with the aim of drafting a simulation model of strategic planning of the integrated university information system (SP-IIS- Uni). An analysis of the research results provided evidence indicating that, with respect to the strategic planning of an integrated business information system (SP-IBIS-Uni), university top management expresses the greatest interest in the planning of alignment between the business information system (BIS) and the academic information system (AIS). They believe the impact of using ICT is crucial for their future work and operation of the university, but also necessary for more efficient integration with university institutions in EU countries. In the context of investigating this domain, the nucleus of the strategic planning of an integrated university information system is viewed as an implication of mutual impacts of information strategy, info management strategy, info technology strategy and change management strategy, but also the social implications by which the SP-IIS-Uni nucleus strategy affects the information & organizational environment of the university. Elaborated premises, hypotheses set and a comparative analysis of results from similar research resulted in a conclusion on an inseparable synergic impact of nucleus particles on the strategic planning of integrated university information system development.

MOVIO is one of the creative tools from AthenaPlus network. Its purpose is to facilitate the creation of virtual exhibitions. MOVIO is very similar to other content management systems (CMS) but it focuses more on creating interactive multimedia page contents, such as digital photo galleries and exhibitions, games, interactive timelines, and digital storytellers. MOVIO tool provides and also shows how its different options can be easily and efficiently used by users who do not have any specific IT knowledge such as advanced programming or web design techniques, to create and show different types of virtual exhibitions. Virtual exhibition “For Better or Worse… / Wedding Fashion from 1865 till Present” is a virtual extension of a physical exhibition held in the Museum of Arts and Crafts in Zagreb. Virtual exhibition catalogue was developed using the Timeline tool as a page type which proved to be very effective in presenting the exhibition conceptualized chronologically. The Timeline allows easy browsing through virtual objects within the timeframe we have previously determined. The other virtual exhibition, “Herman Bolle – Builder of the Croatian Capital” is also a virtual extension of the real exhibition held in the Museum of Arts and Crafts. Using the MOVIO tool and information from the catalogue of the real exhibition, the virtual exhibition was made making the most MOVIO options. The FFZG team used the following page types Home Page, Page, Google Map, Storyteller and Timeline. Furthermore, Bolle’s virtual exhibition has a unique content as compared to other exhibitions. It is an interactive game (among few simple puzzle and memory games) made in the Unity game engine which allows players to try to place many of Bolle’s architecture designs and buildings on the appropriate location on the map. Tools like MOVIO show that technology has evolved and has become simplified for end users so that they can easily create virtual exhibitions production of which was complex or costly several years ago.

Reasons why Croatian higher education institutions are present on social networks and their desired goals have not been researched yet. Previous research studies were mainly focused on the mere presence of institutions and the content they publish, but none of them looked into faculty’s opinions (or opinions of persons who are in charge of the official presence of institutions on social networks) about the institutions’ presence on social networks and if the outcomes of that presence were as expected. In this paper we will present results of a survey conducted in 2015. The goal of the survey was to find out what do persons that are in charge of the official presence of Croatian higher education institutions on social networks think about it and did it achieve the desired goals. When an institution is deciding whether it should establish presence on any social network or not, experience from other institutions is a valuable input. Therefore, in this paper, we will present some of the key findings on motivation and goal fulfillment of those institutions that have already been engaged on social networks.

Continuous development of information and communication technologies has opened the door to a wide range of opportunities for digital learning. Recent didactic concepts, such as student-centered teaching stress the need for learner autonomy, which includes non-formal learning aided by modern technologies such as cell phones. Mobile phones have become an essential part of the teenager’s life. If incorporated in the learning process, they could have a positive effect on student’s motivation, which in turn would lead to improved achievements. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of Croatian students of English and German towards the use of modern technologies in teaching foreign languages. The study evaluates the students' attitudes towards reading comprehension in a foreign language when using traditional methods (multiple choice questions and paper-pencil C- Test method) as opposed to solving tasks with the use of mobile technology. The results of the study show that, although students find online testing more interesting and less stressful, they still prefer to be tested in the classical way.

This paper gives an analysis of the ways in which three US museums with longstanding presence on social media and high online audience engagement use Facebook as a platform for distributing information about their programmes and topics relevant for their collections. Information technology influences the work environment in heritage institutions, changes their organization and calls for new responsibilities in the process of shaping online content in order to meet the needs of online users. The primary goal of the paper is therefore to reveal these activities and detect professional trends that can be of use in further research and help define online strategies for museums in general.

The aim of the study “Lifelong learning among Croatian physiotherapy professionals” was to examine the attitudes that physiotherapy professionals have towards their professional development. The issue being addressed in the study is their level of motivation for lifelong learning. The basic question to which this study was seeking an answer is outlined in the following hypothesis: “There are statistically significant differences in the dependent variables which relate to lifelong learning with regard to five fundamental independent variables: sex, age, years of service, place of work and qualifications”. 1271 respondents participated in the study, i.e. 77% of the defined population of physical therapists. The survey was carried out in 65 institutions at all healthcare levels, in Croatia, in the period from 1 October 2013 to 31 March 2014. The respondents were men and women between 18 and 65 years of age, and with 1 to 40 years of service. These respondents varied in terms of their place of work (private, regional and national institutions) and professional qualifications (ranging from secondary school degrees up to university degrees).

The socio-technical systems research paradigm is about the complexity of real situations. It confronts us with the quest for variables that could provide us with insight into the behavior of such systems. Their behavior emerges according to internal system properties and adaptation of the system to external conditions. In our view, behavioral patterns are one of those particular variables since machines can recognize them and their dynamics. Based on the synthesis of three different theoretical frameworks, this paper proposes a concept of patterns- based information system organization. The authors built the concept on the Deacon discussion of theory of information, Hofkirchner’s unified information theory and related system behavior, and Kelso’s explanation of pattern creation processes in self-organizing systems. All three researchers have included patterns in their theoretical proposal. According to this analysis of the existing theories and their synthesis, we conclude that in order to design machines that can automatically support new behavior, we have to analyze humans and machines as a complex whole with dynamic relationships and emerging patterns as a dependent variable of behavior. By developing this theoretical concept, we establish a departure point for future research and search for different variables that correlate with pattern formation.

This paper presents the current as well as the planned future activities concerning the transformation of the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography into an e-institution. The authors outline the transformation process of the lexicography and encyclopaedistics from a traditional to a digital environment. The activities concerning the establishment of the publicly available repository of encyclopaedic knowledge are discussed. Furthermore, methods of digital communication with users are described, namely web pages and social media channels, in the context of the Institute's activities. The authors acknowledge that publishing of encyclopaedic editions faces challenges and changes in the digital environment. Digital technologies are transforming the encyclopaedic profession and ways of preparing and presenting encyclopaedic knowledge. The authors explain the changes that should be made in order to drive the Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography towards becoming a fully blown e-institution.