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Purpose The purpose of this study is to find out: gender, social and emotional factors as obstacles that influence Generation Z in using e-Books. Design/methodology/approach The method in this study is exploratory quantitative research that was conducted by testing the factors that influence the use of e-Books by Generation Z. This study was analyzed using structure equation model, which involves regressions, measuring direct and indirect effects and path analysis. Social influence, emotional attachment and gender are suspected to be a barrier in the use of e-Books by Generation Z. Findings The results of this study indicate that social influence and gender do not affect the use of e-Books, in which only emotional attachment directly affects the preference towards e-Book. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is that the sample used is still in Generation Z in Indonesia so that further research can use samples from various countries. Practical implications The results of this study can be used as a consideration for e-Books Publishers to create e-books as readers wish, for example, there is a special sound when opening e-Books, there is an easy feature to give notes in e-Books and features are presented to immediately see the link in the e-Books. Social Implications Generation Z is actually ready to use e-Books for reading activities. However, there are several things that make them consider reading e-Books. what they consider is the ease of use and the usefulness of the E-Books for their daily needs. Therefore, managers of information institutions and information providers in Indonesia can at least consider what genre of e-books collection can be provided and for whom the e-books are intended. Originality/value This research shows that Generation Z in choosing a reading format will be influenced by the intention of using the reading format, whereas the intention is influenced by the attitude in determining the reading format.

Objective This study aims to determine the effects of using modified food utensils (curved forks and spoons with modified hand g and hand-gripped drinking cup) on the feeding skills of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Methods This was a quasi-experimental research. Forty-three (43) children with cerebral palsy aged 6–18 served as the respondents of this study. The intervention was carried out by training the children with CP to use modified food utensils for one week. The modified food utensils were designed and produced by the researchers based on review of several previous studies. The modified forks, spoons, and drinking cup have a curvature handheld of 135° and a handgrip diameter of 2.5 cm. The observation of the feeding skills was done twice. First observation was done while children were eating using usual spoons and forks and drinking using regular cup. The second assessment was done while the children were eating using the modified food utensils after the training. The check list of the feeding skills was made based on the indicators in the Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC): feeding. The paired t-test was used to determine the difference in the mean score between the feeding skills using regular forks, spoons as well as cup and using the modified food utensils. Results Self-care skills: The feeding skills were differed significantly before and after the children used the modified food utensils (44.25 ± 13.97 vs 46.27 ± 13.40; p = 0.007). Conclusion There is a significant different in the feeding skills of CP children aged 8–18 between treatments in which children's feeding skills are better when using the modified eating utensil. Recommendation Future study should consider the use of modified hand grip shape and material for easier utilization.

Background and purpose Foot reflexology is safe and suitable for preschoolers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of foot reflexology on behavioral and emotional problems in preschool children. Method As many as 31 preschool children in Nurul Islam Kindergarden involved in pre-experimental study with one group pre-test and post-test design using Preschool Pediatric Symptom Checklist Score (PPSC). Foot reflexology was applied 30 min every day for 4 consecutive days on April 22–April 25, 2019. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon was used to analyze behavioral and emotional problems. Results Foot reflexology can reduce emotional problems (95% CI: 2.466–4.309; p = 0.001), attention problems (95% CI: 0.349–1.256; p = 0.001) and parental challenges, but there was no effect on behavioral problems (CI: −0.174 to 0.293; p = 0.566). Conclusion Foot reflexology is useful for reducing preschool children's behavioral and emotional problems, especially emotional and attention problems. Future study is expected to use control group and measurement of cortisol, endorphins, dopamine, acetilcholine, etc. were not carried out before and after foot reflexology massage for future study.

Urban areas are generally in the form of housing with narrow land. The purpose of this activities was to use narrow land for farming with verticulture techniques. The activity was held in Puri Zahara 1 Residence, Medan Tuntungan District. which is a residential area with narrow land. The method used was to provide training to housewife to be able to utilize the land with verticulture techniques. Housewives was briefed in order to be able to use the land using existing materials, especially verticulture techniques. The material used in verticulture techniques was paralon. The result of this dedication is that the community can utilize small land, especially in residential areas with verticulture techniques to plant flowers or vegetable crops, so that the house becomes greener and livelier. With this verticulture technique, more vegetable or fruit crops can be planted. some plants planted include lettuce, water spinach, flowers

BACKGROUND: As many as, 45% of orphaned children and adolescents living in orphanages experience behavioral and emotional problems. Several literature reviews on the intervention of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents have been widely conducted. However, there is paucity in the reviews of emotional and behavioral problem interventions in the orphan group based on the type of group approach used in published articles. AIM: This study aimed to synthesize the results on the interventions of emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents aged 7–20 years who live in institutions or orphanages. METHODS: This research was a scoping review. This review used three databases comprising PubMed, Science Direct, and Wiley Library Online. The inclusion criteria were experimental research designs and cohort studies, published in the 2009–2019, discussed emotional and behavioral problem’s intervention in orphan, and written in English. The exclusion criteria were that the research subjects had severe mental and psychosocial disorders such as autism, mental retardation, and mental disorders. The authors used three categories of keywords; the first keyword and its synonym were “intervention, treatment.” The second keyword focused on behavioral problems, which was “behavioral difficulties,” and the third keyword focuses on population and place, “orphan, institutions orphans, orphanages.” The article selection stage is described in detail in the flow diagram of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The critical appraisal stage used the checklist from Joanna Briggs Institute. RESULTS: Ten articles were found and selected for review. The main emotional and behavioral problems experienced by orphan children and adolescents include depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem, feelings of anger, and trauma. Other problems related, functional disorders, life satisfaction, the probability of suicide, and early (prodromal) symptoms of psychosis, also arise. There were six types of interventions given to overcome emotional and behavioral problems in orphan children and adolescents, but the interventions that are most often given are cognitive therapy, educational support, complementary, and alternative medicine. The approaches in groups that are often used in this review are the support group and the teaching-learning group. The combination of two or more approaches in one intervention can increase the success or effectiveness in overcoming emotional and behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS: Depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, feeling anger, and trauma are main problems for orphans. To address these emotional and behavior problems, it is necessary to combine several interventions and a combination of group-based approaches.

This research background with a lot of oil companies that thrive in Kampung Punan Malinau it could be an impact on changes in socioeconomic conditions and public health, for the study aims to determine the interaction social, education, income, accessibility, and health.Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the work of the people of Punan Malinau Village who used to be farming, now there is progress working in oil palm companies in the Punan Malinau Village area. The presence of companies economically also has a positive impact on the development of alternative sources of livelihood, namely the recruitment of local workers in companies and access to marketing of agricultural products that are well developed.Meanwhile, in terms of public income before the company existed it was only under Rp. 1,000,000, - but after the existence of the oil palm company, the income has increased, namely Rp. 4,000,000 to Rp. 5,000,000 and more are supported by their personal income, namely private oil palm plantations that can reach Rp. 16,000,000 and more per month.

BACKGROUND: Several studies conducted on adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) have reported various problems of sexual behavior that occurs in the group, including HIV-related risky sexual behavior and other health-related concerns. AIM: This review aims to synthesize studies on the problems regarding sexual behavior in adolescents with ID to obtain data on the types of risky sexual behavior problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Synthesis was conducted on nine studies of children aged 10–20 years old with intellectual disabilities as subjects who have no other psychiatric comorbidities and met the appraisal criteria based on the checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). RESULTS: Several behaviors were found in the group of adolescents with ID. Masturbation is the type of solitary behavior that appears the most, besides other behaviors like touching genitals and getting naked in public places. Sexual intercourse is the most widely reported in the type of “involving other persons.” Sexual intercourse with more than 1 person without using contraception to protect against sexual transmitted disease (STD) is at risk for HIV infection or other infectious diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this review have indicated that adolescents with ID have sexual needs and experience sexual behavior problems similar to ordinary adolescents in general. They actually have a higher risk for having risky sexual behavior because they lack understanding of sexuality. These findings emphasize the need for sex education so that young people with disabilities can have healthy sexual behavior and a safe life.

This reseach examines the role of religious leaders in public health in the context of Covid-19 management. There are two arguments in this study. First, in the context of a religious society, religious leaders can play a socio-religious role through public health education. Second, the role will be effective as religious leaders analyze the media for providing da'wah public health material in accordance with the characteristics of the population. This article uses a descriptive method of analysis, which systematically describes facts and factual data. The data is then processed in a descriptive way to show how a phenomenon works. The primary data collected are The BPS survey on Community members’ behaviours on Covid-19 pandemic (BPS, 2020) and FGDs, analysed in the frame of related literature review. Results are reported in descriptive qualitative analysis. It is found that the community members’ obidinece on the Covid-19 health protocol is well influenced by the roles of sosial media, religious leaders’ suggestions, the population demographic characteristics and the enforcement of setup rules and policy.

Soft Tissue Tumors (STT) are a form of sarcoma found in tissues that connect, support, and surround body structures. Because of their shallow frequency in the body and their great diversity, they appear to be heterogeneous when observed through Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). They are easily confused with other diseases such as fibroadenoma mammae, lymphadenopathy, and struma nodosa, and these diagnostic errors have a considerable detrimental effect on the medical treatment process of patients. Researchers have proposed several machine learning models to classify tumors, but none have adequately addressed this misdiagnosis problem. Also, similar studies that have proposed models for evaluation of such tumors mostly do not consider the heterogeneity and the size of the data. Therefore, we propose a machine learning-based approach which combines a new technique of preprocessing the data for features transformation, resampling techniques to eliminate the bias and the deviation of instability and performing classifier tests based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Decision Tree (DT) algorithms. The tests carried out on dataset collected in Nur Hidayah Hospital of Yogyakarta in Indonesia show a great improvement compared to previous studies. These results confirm that machine learning methods could provide efficient and effective tools to reinforce the automatic decision-making processes of STT diagnostics.

The objective of this research is to explain how climate change affects and is affected by population growth and migration. The global analysis will then be followed by a specific study in Indonesia on the relation between population migration and natural disaster events. The research method used a secondary data analysis based on literature review, the 2015 Inter-Census Population Survey (SUPAS) data and 2013 disaster data. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure the sustainability of the planet's earth, there are three things that should be done, namely to reduce the pace of population growth, to change the pattern of consumption of natural resources, and to increase Earth's carrying capacity by using technologies and innovations. Migration is mostly caused by economic needs, while migration due to disaster events is very small. Migration data records permanent migration type, while the disaster-affected population usually migrates on the temporary bases. The BPS-Statistics Indonesia and the National Disaster Management Authority should have some agreement on defining disasters, including climate change induced-disasters, and on how to collect and store data on the number of people impacted by each of them.

Asphyxia and Intrauterine fetal dead (IUFD) are a threat if a premature rupture of membranes is not immediately treated quickly and appropriately. Neonatal asphyxia can occur due to complications from premature rupture of membranes. IMR in Indonesia is the fifth country for ASEAN countries, 35/1000 birth. Based on data from RA Kartini Hospital in Jepara, asphyxia cases from approximately (12,6%) and incidence of premature rupture of membranes 816 cases or around (85,8%). While the incidence of neonatal asphyxia born from PROM totalled 15 cases or about (1,6%). This research using quantitative descriptive methods with cross-sectional design. This research was conducted on April 21-23, 2020 using a total sampling method of 148 respondents. The data used are secondary data with a single variable, namely the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in mothers with maternity premature rupture of membranes. Data analysis uses a descriptive statical test. Aims to know the description of the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in mothers with maternity premature rupture of membranes in General Hospital of Raden Ajeng Kartini Jepara 2019 and describe the incidence of neonatal asphyxia in mothers with maternity premature rupture of membranes in General Hospital Raden Ajeng Kartini Jepara 2019. The result showed that of 148 respondents on average had no risk age (20-35 years) as many as 120 respondents (81,1%) and the average parity PROM mothers as many as 148 respondents had multiparous parity of 85 respondents (57,4%). Then from 148 PROM mothers, 6 respondents (4,1%) gave birth to babies who had asphyxia. The highest incidence of neonatal asphyxia in mothers with maternity premature rupture of membranes was mild asphyxia of 3 respondents (2,0%), moderate to severe asphyxia of 2 respondents (1,4) and moderate asphyxia of 1 respondent (0,7%). The average degree of asphyxia in women with premature rupture of membranes is mild asphyxia.

Feature selection is an essential issue in machine learning. It discards the unnecessary or redundant features in the dataset. This paper introduced the new feature selection based on kernel function using 16 the real-world datasets from UCI data repository, and k-means clustering was utilized as the classifier using radial basis function (RBF) and polynomial kernel function. After sorting the features using the new feature selection, 75 percent of it was examined and evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation, then the accuracy, F1-Score, and running time were compared. From the experiments, it was concluded that the performance of the new feature selection based on RBF kernel function varied according to the value of the kernel parameter, opposite with the polynomial kernel function. Moreover, the new feature selection based on RBF has a faster running time compared to the polynomial kernel function. Besides, the proposed method has higher accuracy and F1-Score until 40 percent difference in several datasets compared to the commonly used feature selection techniques such as Fisher score, Chi-Square test, and Laplacian score. Therefore, this method can be considered to use for feature selection

Background Several literature reviews with child samples have been discussed. However, reviews of dental and oral health problems in primary school-age children based on location in the oral cavity and indicators of prevalence measurement have not been synthesized. Objectives This review aimed to synthesize research on dental and oral health problems that often occur in elementary school-aged children.The search process in this review refers to predetermined clinical questions, namely PCC: population (P), concept (C), and context (C). Eligibilty criteria (1) articles in 2013–2018; (2) subjects are children aged 6–12 years; (3) articles describing dental and oral health problems; (4) articles are the original articles or research papers or research articles; and (5) a cross-sectional study type. Source of evidence The research on dental and oral health problems in children was searched through the ScienceDirect, Proquest, Medline (via Pubmed), and Ebsco databases. Charting methods The selection stage is explained in detail using the PRISMA flow diagram. Results The most common dental and oral health problems in children located in hard tissue are caries (89.47%) and in soft tissue are periodontal diseases (21.05%). Some indicators can be used to measure the prevalence of diseases in hard and soft tissues, namely decay, missing, filling teeth (DMFT) and gingival indeks (GI) and also community periodontal indeks (CPI). Conclusion Dental and oral health problems that often occur in children aged 6–12 years located in hard tissue are caries as measured by DMFT, and those located in soft tissues are periodontal diseases as measured by GI and CPI in the cross-sectional studies.

Purpose: This study aims to the mediating effects of commitment to customer service on the internal marketing and relationship quality of higher education institutions. Internal marketing is accessed by internal communication and training. Methodology: The population of this research is the staff of the public service sector, especially employees in universities at Surabaya, East of Java, Indonesia. Researchers surveyed 220 employees in both private and public universities who have worked with a minimum period of 5 (five) years. These samples were selected by judgment sampling method and Path Analysis was employed to analyze data. Main Findings: Results identified internal communication and training influenced commitment to customer service which further influenced their relationship quality. Application of this study: Internal marketing practice is essential to explaining the commitment to customer service and relationship quality, especially in the higher education institutions. Novelty/Originality of this study: To the best, our knowledge is seen from testing the effects of internal marketing on two types of internal marketing outcomes and the selection of university as the object of study.

Background Sexuality is human rights, a fundamental part of healthy life which is defined as the absence of illness, social, emotional, mental and physical welfare in relation to the sexuality and has become the consideration of health service aspect. Sexual health is one of the parts of the patient's holistic needs in which the nurse has the responsibility and nursing practice through sexual education. Sexual dimension is not an easy to discuss since culturally it is not easy to express. So, it has become a topic which needs to be explored. Purpose To identify the description of nursing practice in the patient's sexual health dimension and various factors which obstruct the implementation of sexual discussion. Methods The research was conducted using databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, ProQuest and Google Scholar. The articles were published within the period of 2000–2018. The synthesis was done based on twenty articles with the main variables namely attitude, belief, nursing practice and obstacles in sexual discussion which comply the checklist of Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results There were five main topics which elaborated nursing practice when discussing sexual topic with the patient, namely the attitude in discussing sexuality topic, the level of comfort and self confidence in the discussion, initiation in discussing sexuality, spending time in discussing sexuality and the obstacle in conducting sexual discussion. Conclusion Lack of knowledge and the lack of continuity of education through training was one of the factors that obstructed sexual discussion with the patient.

This study aims to analyze the Theory Planned of Behavior model using Structural Equation Modeling and analyze the factors that influence household behavior in electricity consumption in West Java. The data used in this study are secondary data on electricity consumption in lighting equipment obtained from the Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation database in 2016. The results showed that behavioral intention and control had a positive and significant effect on behavior, then behavior control had a positive and significant effect. significant on intention. While subjective attitudes and norms do not significantly influence intention. The indicators that influence a person's behavior factors in saving electrical energy in lighting equipment are individual self-awareness to use household appliances that are labeled energy efficient, lifestyle of individuals who often fill their time for cooking activities at home, gathering with friends and family, visiting market, stamp collection, and individuals who work as volunteers, participate in community activities, and gardening.

Purpose Manufacturers and engineers need a practical and operational way to understand sustainable manufacturing and to apply it to their shop floors. The single index enables manufacturing industries to make decisions considering the continuous improvement to increase sustainability performance. The purpose of this paper is to develop a manufacturing sustainability index (MSI) based on lean and sustainability concepts using sustainable-value stream mapping. Design/methodology/approach The methodology of this research is linked to Delphi- analytical hierarchy process (AHP) qualitative assessment with sustainable-value stream mapping quantitative analysis for determining MSI. The Delphi method is used with relevant indicator selection, sustainable-value stream mapping is used to score the relevant indicator with efficiency approach and the AHP method is used to determine the indicator weight. To evaluate the applicability of this framework for assessing sustainability in the manufacturing process, a case study in Indonesian Wooden Furniture was developed. Findings The findings of this research is the framework for evaluating and assessing the sustainability performance of the manufacturing process. Although evaluation of the framework is limited to the furniture industry, there is a methodology potential to reproduce for the other sectors. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, this study has provided a single index to measure performance of the manufacturing sustainability comprehensively at factory level. However, the implementation of the developed model is too limited. More application in different sectors and different industrial sizes is needed. Originality/value The value of this research lies in the novelty of the single index in measuring manufacturing sustainability and the relevant indicators for the furniture industry in Indonesia. The selection of the indicators has involved practitioners in the furniture industry and encompassed economic, environmental and social dimensions. The visualization of indicators through sustainable-value stream mapping is proven to be more practical and helpful for industrialists.

Initiation is the policy of the Bener Meriah Regency Government to evaluate the use of funds in development at the village level so that the use of funds is more targeted. Considering the existence of the village as a government organization has certain authority to manage and regulate the residents in this matter, the village is at the forefront in achieving development success, it is necessary to have an evaluation to lead to improvement. The initiation policy in evaluating as a model or new breakthrough by the District Government of Bener Meriah how to give appreciation in the form of additional funding for villages that can manage the budget on time, on quality and on target. To implement the policy model, a legal umbrella has been prepared in the form of a Perbub. The research objective is to describe and analyze the initiation policy model of the Bener Meriah Regency Government in evaluating the use of village development funds and To find out and analyze the initiation policy model strategy carried out by the Bener Meriah Regency Government in evaluating the use of village development funds. The method is a procedure carried out to find out something using systematic steps, so in this study the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the initiation policy model in evaluating the use of village development funds. Determination of informants was carried out by purposive sampling, while data collection techniques through observation and interview. The results showed that the policy model of the initiation of the Bener Meriah Regency Government in evaluating the use of village development funds as a new breakthrough was born because it was based on the improper use of funds amidst the abundance of the budget given by the government. The initiation policy model strategy undertaken by the Bener Meriah Regency Government in evaluating the use of village development funds through musrembang which then enters the implementation stage through the link between the results of the development planning and implementation becomes an evaluation of the use of funds.

This study aims to describe and analyze the role of TNI AD soldiers in the Information Unit of Kodam V / Brawijaya in responding to the development of social media related to their main duties and to describe and analyze the factors that support and hinder the role of TNI AD soldiers in the Information Unit of Kodam V / Brawijaya in responding to the development of social media related to its main task. The analysis technique uses a qualitative approach. The results of the analysis show that technological advances in the form of social media require special abilities for soldiers and the involvement of leaders so that the interpersonal use of social media can run optimally. The Information Unit has the role of monitoring information circulating on social media and as an effective and efficient information sharing to improve the image of the Indonesian Army in the eyes of the public. The Information Unit plays a role in assessing threat situations and making decisions to take action against threats that arise and have a serious impact on the organization. Supporting factors for the role of TNI AD Soldiers in Responding to Social Media Development in Supporting the main task of the Indonesian National Army (TNI) for the Army is the use of social media to facilitate the communication process within the unit's internal but if excessive it will affect the quality of the productivity of soldiers in the unit so that there is a control policy in the use of social media. Inhibiting factors, the use of social media is constrained by the unit leadership in monitoring its implementation as well as organizational intervention in the use of social media if it is not followed by implementation and monitoring until lower units will not run effectively.

The purpose of this study is to find out, describe and analyze how the behavior of employees in the Regional Personnel Board of East Kutai Regency and to find out, describe and analyze what things are behind the behavior of employees in the Regional Civil Service Agency of East Kutai Regency. To reveal this reality, qualitative research methods are used where the data obtained is processed by organizing and sorting the data into patterns or categories and descriptions of basic units so that they can be read and interpreted. Based on the facts and phenomena obtained in the field, the results of the research are as follows: First, Order and Order and the discipline of employees at the BKD of East Kutai Regency are an example for the agency, service or other work units are carried out with full awareness and implementation is part of the organizational culture. Second, increasing employee morale and work ethic is carried out by providing motivation as a result of the increasing public demand for public services. Third, in the Civil Service Agency, cooperation is a necessity to realize success in providing public services wherewith a teamwork system, employees will be helped and feel the benefits compared to working alone. Fourth, at the Employment Agency, the implementation of employee duties and functions can run well and professionally, especially in facing the demands of public services with the provision of education and training on employee reliability in carrying out tasks so that they are carried out with high quality, right time, carefully, and with procedures that are easy to understand and follow by those who need services. Fifth, the improvement of skills, both technical skills and skills to manage self and others owned by ASN in the Regional Personnel Agency of East Kutai Regency is the ability to carry out a certain task, both physically and mentally. Sixth, Efforts to improve the attitude or behavior of employees within the Regional Personnel Agency are carried out in the form of activities whose main purpose is to improve attitudes, attitudes, and behavior that can be said to be very supportive in the duties of an employee in carrying out his work. Seventh, Employees of the Regional Personnel Agency of East Kutai Regency are given motivation and enthusiasm at all times so that they are disciplined in completing their duties and functions as stated in the description of duties and functions of positions and responsibilities. The factors behind the behavior of employees of the Regional Personnel Agency of East Kutai Regency include the existence of an employee recruitment process carried out through direct appointments, through computer answer sheets, and thirdly, the computer-assisted test (CAT) system with methods and questions that have undergone changes, is carried out seriously. because it will have an impact in the future is having an impact on the institution occupied by the employee. The education level of employees of the East Kutai Regional Personnel Agency influences the mindset of employees which can be improved through the implementation of formal and non-formal education in the form of training as a means to improve work behavior and employee performance. This knowledge of an employee is part of supporting employee competence in completing job duties well but in practice, there are still many that are not in accordance with the existing position. Employees at the East Kutai Regional Personnel Agency will be motivated to work diligently if salaries are paid on time, especially if their salaries are increased in times of need and prices are increasing and the impact on employee income is an increase in employee behavior or competence. The employee's lifestyle is related to employee behavior so that employees must be able to adjust their daily life patterns with the income earned and not take credit from banks beyond the employee's ability limit, resulting in employees no longer focusing on work which is their duty and responsibility. The environmental situation of the BKD Office in East Kutai Regency has an influence in shaping the work behavior of BKD employees, although they still borrow the Bappeda building, making the work atmosphere not optimal, a good working atmosphere is created and the relationship between employees is also good, also supported by adequate work facilities.

The background in this study is that the Village Head has a role in the administration of governance, development and community issues with all of his authority and obligations. In its development, it was felt not enough because the community did not feel involved and did not know anything about the activities to be carried out. Development a sense of belonging from the community towards development projects, an approach is needed that encourages people to participate. This approach can streamline project implementation costs because of community participation. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyse the role of village heads in increasing community participation in Simojayan village, Ampelgading district, Malang district and supporting factors, inhibiting the role of village heads in increasing community participation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a specific level of exploration. The results of this study are the lack of maximum community participation in every stage of development, especially in the implementation phase of village development. The Village Head has given his participation by carrying out the tasks by his duties and carrying out the work plan of the village administration based on the needs of the community and the fulfilment of infrastructure facilities in the village. The driving and inhibiting factors are contradictions between policymakers and policy implementers, information capture, limited human resources and competence in carrying out activities. Researcher's suggestion is to build and develop active communication channels and make procedures through clear statements about requirements, objectives, eliminate the choice of multi-information, implement procedures carefully and mechanism for detailed reporting. Maximum language and communication need to be maximised to minimise communication gaps given the limited human resources and competencies.

The prevalence of cancer in children is now increasing and followed by an increasing number of them who undergo chemotherapy. The effect of chemotherapy can reduce the children’s quality of life, hence it requires the contribution of nurses in improving health services to children with cancer. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect management of “Ceria” chemotherapy : (C)egah Sariawan (preventing mucositis), Cegah (E)kstravasasi (preventing extravacation), (R)elaksasi (Progressive Muscle Relaxation to reduce fatigue), Cegah (I)nfeksi (preventing infection), (A)kupresur (acupressur to reduce nausea and vomiting) on the life quality of children with cancer. The method applied was experimental research using control group design with pretest posttest. The treatment group received intervention in the form of “Ceria” chemotherapy effect management from the researchers while the control group did not receive intervention treatment. The selection of research subjects for the treatment and control groups was done randomly. The children’s quality of life was measured before and after one week of intervention using PedsQL (Children's Quality of Life Inventory). The participants were 76 children (38 in the treatment group and 38 in the control group). The results of the paired t test showed that there were significant mean differences of life quality before and after "Ceria" chemotherapy effects management on children with cancer (p = 0,0001; sig = 0.05), the highest life quality improvement was found on children who experienced progressive muscle relaxation. This study concludes that "Ceria" chemotherapy effect management can improve the life quality of children with cancer. Therefore, the reseachers recommend nurses to apply “Ceria” chemotherapy effect management to improve the life quality of children with cancer. Keywords: cancer, children, quality of life, "Ceria" chemotherapy effect management

Online information sharing behavior is an activity of exchanging or sharing information quickly and widely, as well as viruses on a computer, using interactive internet networks. To comprehensively comprehend the process of social transmission and the factors that influence it, it is necessary to know the variables that affect social relations. Previous studies have still little to discuss the role of social processes that encourage individuals to decide on the affinity of online content sharing. In addition, there are still not many studies that emphasize what kind of online content causes content to be more viral than other types of content supported by individual motivational factors and some variables that can strengthen or even weaken that influence. This research uses 208 student respondents through the Moderated Regression Analysis tool to examine situational factors as moderator variables on the relationship between individual motivational factors and online content sharing behavior. The results of the analysis found that there were significant effects of individual motivational factors on online content sharing behavior but this effect became not significant in the presence of situational factors as moderator variables. This research contributes significantly to marketing strategies in a company by utilizing the type of content and individual motivational factors that cause viral content or news to be faster.

Pendahuluan: Thalassemia merupakan penyakit anemia hemolitik yang diturunkan secara genetik. Indonesia termasuk salah satu Negara yang memiliki penduduk pembawa gena thalassemia dengan prevalensi sebesar 3-8%. Anak thalassemia beta mayor harus menjalani pengobatan dalam jangka waktu yang panjang sehingga memberikan dampak bagi anak dan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang pengalaman keluarga dalam merawat anak dengan thalassemia beta mayor. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi dan data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 8 partisipan yang merupakan ibu sebagai caregiver utama dalam merawat anak dengan thalassemia beta mayor. Analisis data menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Hasil: Ditemukan 7 tema terkait pengalaman keluarga dalam merawat anak dengaan thalassemia, yaitu kemampuan keluarga merawat anak; respon negatif keluarga; tantangan dalam merawat anak; hambatan selama merawat anak; sumber dukungan bagi keluarga; upaya keluarga dalam menghadapi stresor; dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi strategi koping. Kesimpulan: Sumber dukungan bagi keluarga selama merawat anak dengan thalassemia beta mayor didapatkan, baik dukungan dari internal dan eksternal dalam bentuk dukungan instrumental, emosional, informasi serta finansial. Kata Kunci: Dukungan Keluarga, Anak, Thalassemia

Breast cancer is an abnormal cell growth in the breast that keeps changed uncontrolled and it forms a tumor. The tumor can be benign or malignant. Benign could not be dangerous to health and cancerous, but malignant could be has a probability dangerous to health and be cancerous. A specialist doctor will diagnose the patient and give treatment based on the diagnosis which is benign or malignant. Machine learning offer times efficiency to determine a cancer cell. The machine will learn the pattern based on the information from the dataset. Support vector machines and linear discriminant analysis are common methods that can be used in the classification of cancer. In this study, both of linear discriminant analysis and support vector machines are compared by looking from accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score. We will know which methods are better in classifying breast cancer dataset. The result shows that the support vector machine has better performance than the linear discriminant analysis. It can be seen from the accuracy is 98.77%.

The policy based on Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about the change of the Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about Provision of additional income for civil servants in Bengkulu Provincial Government shows that Bengkulu Provincial Government has attention and seriousness on issues of existence and well -being of civil servants in Bengkulu Province. In order to overcome the various problems that occur in government apparatus requiring comprehensive and ongoing handling, one of them is the provision of additional income with various forms and formulations. The problem of this research is how the implementation of Bengkulu governor regulations number 21 of 2018 about the change of Bengkulu governor regulations number 52 of 2017 about the provision of additional income for a civil servant in Bengkulu Provincial Government and what are the supporting and inhibiting factors of the implementation of the governor regulation. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. The informant in the research includes several informants involved in the policymaking, implementer, or actor policy from various regional employee organizations. The technique of data collection uses direct observation, detailed interview, interactive approach,, documentation study and focus group discussion (FGD). The data are analyzed by using several steps according to Miles, Huberman and Saldana's theory, in analyzing data, there are 3 steps that must be taken: data condensation, data display, drawing conclusion and verification. Data condensation refers to the process of selecting, focusing, simplifying, abstracting and transforming data. The data verification in this research uses triangulation techniques such as check, re-check and cross-check to the data obtained from the theory, methodology, and the researcher's perception. The result of the research shows that communication is done by involving several parties, in the beginning of communication done by Bengkulu governor with all regional employee organizations to synchronize the understanding dealing with the importance of providing additional employee income for civil servants. Resources; resources on the implementation of governor regulations about additional employee income are provided adequately, source of financial funds/funding that is provided large enough. Material resource/infrastructure is used to implement the provided policy adequately such as fingerprint, application software for additional employee income, and gadgets or mobile phones that is possible to use application or additional employee income programs. In the implementation of Bengkulu provincial government regulations for state civil servants in the Bengkulu government environment, characteristics, attitudes, and character of the executors showing honest, discipline, and responsible. On the other hand, there is a problem with the spirit of doing the job, especially in the performance report. There is a change that is going on as a whole on the life of the civil servant government apparatus in the whole Bengkulu Provincial Government, in quite a large number, about 7000 employees.

Cancer is a disease that causes abnormal cell growth in the body. An example is a liver cancer and it has several types. One of which is Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), and it is the most common one. HCC usually affects people with cirrhosis and hepatitis B or C. Affected people sometimes do not show any specific signs or symptoms at an early stage, and it is usually diagnosed when it has reached a critical stage. Therefore, accurate classification is needed in helping the medical field to classify people with HCC. The research aims to classify HCC patients using supervised machine learning. The HCC dataset from Al-Islam Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia was classified using Naive Bayes and Decision Tree. Both of these methods were compared to determine which one worked best in terms of accuracy. The result showed that Naive Bayes and Decision Tree achieved the best accuracy at 98.25% and 100% respectively. Considering this result, it is reasonable to conclude that Decision Tree performs better in accuracy for HCC classification.

The kind of disease which causes the development of abnormal cells in any part of the body and also leads to death is called cancer. Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer which is marked when abnormal cells start to develop in the pancreas. Sometimes, the affected individuals do not show any signs or symptoms at an early stage. There are treatments which are chosen based on how wide it has spread with the aim of extending the lives of those affected. Therefore, classification algorithms of machine learning with the best accuracy are needed to assist the medical field in classifying individuals with pancreatic cancer. In this research, classification algorithms of Decision Tree and Logistic Regression were used. Furthermore, these two methods were compared to discover which has the best performance based on accuracy. The results showed that the Decision Tree and Logistic Regression yielded 100% and 92.68% respectively as their highest accuracy. Therefore, the Decision Tree is a better method based on accuracy for classifying pancreatic cancer.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a type of liver cancer which occurs when a tumor grows malignantly in the liver. This cancer starts from the liver and is not caused by the spread of cancer from other organs. HCC commonly occurs due to the complications of liver disease. However, most patients do not show signs and symptoms in the early stage of liver cancer. Therefore, classification with high accuracy is needed to predict individuals with HCC early, based on their data and to provide them with the best treatment. In this study, the data used consisted of 192 samples with 66 HCC and 126 non-HCC samples, which were obtained from Al Islam Bandung Hospital. Many machine learning methods have been used to carry out classification. Among these methods, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) have been frequently used due to their high level of performance. Therefore, in this study, SVM and RF were compared and analyzed for the classification of HCC. The aim of this study was to discover which method has the best accuracy to classify HCC. The results showed that SVM and RF had the highest accuracy value at 90% and 100% respectively. Therefore, RF method is a better model compared to SVM and suggested to be used in the classification of HCC.

Thalassemia is a genetically inherited disorder that causes fewer hemoglobin and red blood cells in the body. Although thalassemia is not contagious, it cannot be cured and some types require a lifetime blood transfusion. However, the occurrence of thalassemia is prevented by increasing public knowledge and awareness followed by early detection with screening process. The purpose of this screening is to identify a carrier that does not appear to have symptoms through a number of examination procedures in the target population. The data used in this study were obtained from the Harapan Kita Children and Women's Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia which consisted of 150 samples and 11 features. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) with hyperparameter optimization using Grid Search was proposed in this study to classify thalassemia data. Grid Search was used to optimize the C and gamma parameters on SVM with RBF kernel. The results of this study showed that the proposed method produced 100 % accuracy with 90% training data when the parameter value C = 428.13 and gamma = 0.0000183 using holdout validation. Furthermore, it produced 100% accuracy when C = 4832.93 and gamma = 0.0000183 using 10-fold cross validation. These results were a lot better compared to using the same RBF kernel on SVM but with default parameter values when C = 1 and gamma = scale, which only produced 73.33% and 57.14% accuracy with holdout and 10-fold cross validation respectively.

Schizophrenia is one of mental disorder that affects the mind, feeling, and behavior. Its treatment is usually permanent and quite complicated; therefore, early detection is important. Kernel KC-means and support vector machines are the methods known as a good classifier. This research, therefore, aims to compare kernel KC-means and support vector machines, using data obtained from Northwestern University, which consists of 171 schizophrenia and 221 non-schizophrenia samples. The performance accuracy, F1-score, and running time were examined using the 10-fold cross-validation method. From the experiments, kernel KC-means with the sixth-order polynomial kernel gives 87.18 percent accuracy and 93.15 percent F1-score at the faster running time than support vector machines. However, with the same kernel, it was further deduced from the results that support vector machines provides better performance with an accuracy of 88.78 percent and F1-score of 94.05 percent.

Managers of tourist destinations are currently trying to offer attractions and attractive destination resources to be visited by tourists. However, very few managers of tourist destinations, especially adventure tourism who pay attention to the values that will be obtained by tourists and also very little attention to the tendency behavior of consumers to show off when visiting tourist attractions, in which they will then recommend their activities to others through digital media. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the perceived values by tourists, consisting of emotional value and epistemic value towards the activity of electronic word of mouth of tourists moderated by conspicuous tendencies. The population in this study is visitors who carry out adventurous activities in adventure tourism destinations, with a sample of 400 tourist. Hypotheses are tested by using structural equation modeling. The results of the study provide information that the emotional value affects the activity of electronic word of mouth of tourists. Likewise, the novelty value influences the activity of electronic word of mouth of tourists, while the conspicuous tendencies variable of tourists weakens the effect of emotional value on the activity of electronic word of mouth of tourists. Finally, the conspicuous tendencies variable of tourists can be a variable which strengthens the effect of epistemic value on the activity of electronic word of mouth of tourists.

Ischemic stroke is a disease that occurs due to disruption of blood circulation to the brain due to blood clots in the brain. The blockage is called cerebral infarction. In diagnosing the presence of cerebral infarction in the brain, machine learning is used because it is not enough just to use a CT scan to diagnose. To deal with the problem of classification of cerebral infarction data obtained from Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo’s Hospital in Jakarta, this study proposes the use of Fuzzy C-Means Clustering (FCM), Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means (FPCM), and Radial Base Function Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means (RBFFPCM) method as a clustering method and a Support Vector Machine (SVM) method as a classification method. This method will be compared to the level of accuracy. The greatest level of accuracy is generated from the Radial Base Function Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means (RBFFPCM) method with an accuracy value of 91%.

Sinusitis is a condition resulting from inflammation of sinus walls. In handling the disease, machine learning method is often used to find more precise and accurate treatment plan for patients. For instance, fuzzy clustering is widely used for pattern recognition and data mining. Due to uncertainty and ambiguity, this method is used to overcome the non-linearity of medical dataset. In this study, fuzzy clustering was provided with kernel methods. We used some Kernel methods such as, Kernelized Fuzzy c-Means (KFCM), Kernelized Possibilistic c-Means (KPCM), Kernelized Fuzzy Possibilistic c-Means (KFPCM), and Kernelized Possibilistic Fuzzy c-Means (KPFCM) for clustering sinusitis dataset. The dataset was retrieved from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia, which contains 4 features and 200 instances of this condition. These level of accuracy and model performance are used to compare these approaches. The result showed that KFCM has the highest accuracy for categorizing sinusitis dataset with accuracy of 96.97% and running time of 0.01 s.

Soft Tissue Tumor (STT) are cell growths, whose existence are not limited to the presence of tumors in soft tissues. Furthermore, they are classified into soft tissue and non-soft tissue tumor and early detection is important to determine the right course of treatment. This research, therefore, aims to compare fuzzy kernel c-means, fuzzy kernel possibilistic c-means and support vector machines on Soft Tissue Tumor dataset, obtained from Nur Hidayah Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, consisting of 50 STT and 25 non-STT samples. The results conclude that fuzzy kernel c-means provides a better running time when using the parameter \( \sigma = 0.05 \). However, support vector machines, with the parameter \( \sigma = 0.0001 \) performs better than other methods in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1-Score.

There are two classes of sinusitis, acute and chronic. This research compares the modified hierarchical clustering based on density peaks (HCDP), using kernel function with support vector machines, utilizing dataset taken from Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia. This collected detail consists of 102 acute and 98 chronic sinusitis samples. The results of this research therefore conclude that HCDP, using Gaussian radial basis kernel function, with the parameter \( \sigma = 0.01 \) possess an accuracy of 72.69% and has a better running time. However, the average accuracy of support vector machines is 98.53%.

Background: Children with intellectual disability has adaptation function problem, namely self-care skill dressing. Inability to dressing could affect social relationship and dependency with others. The effort to improve self-care skill could be done through self-development program and training using video modeling. Objective: This study was to investigate the effect of self-development program and training using video modeling on dressing skills in intellectual disability children. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest posttest control group design. Sixty-two children aged between 6-12 years with intellectual disability were recruited using purposive sampling. Participants were divided into two groups (experimental group=31, control group=31). The experimental group was given training using video modeling in 4 sessions, with each for 50 minutes; and self-development program in 4 sessions, in 50 minutes per each, while control group was given self-development program for 8 sessions, with each for 50 minutes. Observation checklist of dressing skill before and after intervention was adopted from Nursing Outcome Classification in Indonesian version. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney to compare posttest score between experimental and control group. Results: The result showed there was a significant difference after intervention between experimental and control group (p=0.041). Eight dressing skills items increased including gets clothing from closet, gets clothing from drawer, puts clothing on upper body, buttons clothing, puts clothing on lower body, uses zipper, uses fastener, and removes clothes from upper body. Conclusion: Self-development program and training using video modeling could increase dressing skills in intellectual disability children aged 6-12 years.

Background : Children need adequate sleep for good health status. Without a balanced sleep, it will encourage the emergence of serious health or developmental problems. Previous studies showed more than 40% of preschoolers experienced sleep problems. Objective : To examine the effect of HESH (Health Education of Sleep Hygiene) on sleep problems in preschoolers. Methods : Pretest posttest design non-equivalent control group was used in this study. Sixty participants recruited by consecutive sampling. Parents in the experimental group received health education using power point and booklet HESH for 100 minutes, parents in the control group received health education using power point for 100 minutes without booklet HESH. Telephone follow up was done for evaluation program. Sleep problem was measured with Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) completed by children’s parents. Data analysis used unpaired t-test with 95% confidence interval. Results: The result showed that there was effect of HESH toward sleep problems in preschooler (experimental group: -3.367±5.269; control group: 0.033±5.061, p= 0.015). Conclusion: HESH in parents could decrease sleep problems in preschoolers in Indonesia. It is expected that HESH can be used as an alternative nursing intervention involved parents to decreases sleep problem in preschooler.

Recently, many people are switching from conventional shopping to digital shopping. even so, people feel that online shopping is less secure. Finally, many consumers search for information through the internet before shopping at brick and mortar stores. This study investigates how webrooming affects consumers’ experience and determines the effect of webrooming on consumer confidence, smart shopping feeling, user-generated content, and search process satisfaction in the beauty industry. The population in this study were all the beauty industry consumers who experience webrooming in the shopping process. The total sample used in this study was 166 people using purposive sampling. The result obtained from this study finds that webrooming has a significant and positive effect on confidence, smart shopping feeling, user-generated content. Both factors, confidence and smart shopping feeling subsequently significant and have a positive effect on search process satisfaction.

The study was to uncover the concept of quality improvement, the supporting and the inhibiting factors within the quality improve and the quality improvement in the early childhood mentoring institutions/kindergarten. The study was a qualitative research. The subjects in the study were kindergarten principals, kindergarten teachers and parents. The data were gathered by means of observation, interview and documentation. For the data analysis, the researcher selected the qualitative descriptive data analysis method. The results of the study were as follows. First, the concept of educational quality improvement in the early childhood mentoring institutions/ kindergarten has been improveed from the vision, the mission and the objectives and the concept includes the aspects of planning, process and output which has synergy from one to another. The planning has been formulated in the curriculum, the syllabus and the daily activity plan. Second, the approach, the strategy and the technique of quality improvement has maximized the well-qualified schools’ resources, have been supported by the sufficient facilities and have been funded by the sufficient budget. Third, the supporting factors within the quality improvement of early childhood mentoring institutions/kindergarten have been the increasing awareness within the society toward the significance of early childhood mentoring institutions, the massive socialization conducted by the Office of Education through the provision of training programs in relation to the early childhood mentoring institution/kindergarten management and the human resources empowerment toward developing the quality of early childhood mentoring institutions. Fourth, the inhibiting factors within the quality improvement of early childhood mentoring institutions have been the lack of society care and participation, the less quality human resources that early childhood mentoring institutions have, the fund limitation, the facility limitation and the lack of program management effectiveness.Keywords: development, educational quality, kindergarten

Background: One of the biggest dental health problems experienced by school children is dental caries. Dental caries occurs due to poor tooth brushing behavior and bad eating and drinking habits of bad sucrose. Objective: To know the relationship between the behavior of brushing teeth, eating habits and drinking high sucrose with the incidence of dental caries. Method: The type of this study included observational research with cross sectional study design. The study was conducted at MIN Jejeran 2 in February to May 2017. The research subjects were grade I to V students who were presented in and were willing to be respondents totaling 274 students. The research variables are the behavior of brushing teeth, eating habits and drinking high sucrose, and dental caries. Result: The study showed that dental caries in male pupils 96 students (35%), higher than female 84 students (30.7%). The majority of 266 students (97.1%) had brushing behavior with good behavioral categories. High sucrose foods that are often consumed by students are; Crackers, sweets, biscuits, and sweetbreads. High sucrose drinks that are often consumed by students are tea and homemade milk. Data analysis used Chi-Square and OR (Ood Ratio) test. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between toothbrushing behavior with dental caries occurrence (p> 0,05). There was a significant relationship between the behavior of brushing teeth with the habit of eating and drinking high sucrose (p

Period prevalence of infant pneumonia in Indonesia is 18.5 per mile. The high mortality rate due to pneumonia of 62 percent was found in 10 countries and 5 countries was located in Asia. Zinc is one of micronutrients which is reported to prevent pneumonia as an acute phase response to infection and help to boost the body immune response. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of zinc intake as risk factor of severe pneumonia in children. A case control study was conducted among children aged 12–59 months in 2 hospitals and 6 health centres, Yogyakarta city. Thirty four children were categorized as having severe pneumonia (cases) and 102 children were categorized as having pneumonia (control). All sample’s mothers completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire during March-April 2014. Data analysis was performed using Mantel-Haenszel test and conditional logistic regression, α = 0,05. Results of the study showed that there were 41.2 percent cases and 56.9 percent control were exclusively breast-fed. The proportion of cases who had inadequate zink intake was higher than control group. There was no difference between inadequate zinc intake and the severe pneumonia (OR 1,08 and 95% CI 0,5-2,3). There was a statistically significant correlation between low-zinc intake and severe pneumonia if second disease exist (OR 3,8 and 95% CI 1,4 -10,8). As an conclusion, Inadequate zinc intake affected severe pneumonia when the secondary diseases exist in children with pneumonia . ABSTRAK Period prevalence pneumonia balita di Indonesia adalah 18,5 per mil. Angka kematian yang tinggi akibat pneumonia sebesar 62 persen terdapat di 10 negara dan 5 negara di antaranya merupakan negara di Asia. Defisiensi seng menyebabkan penurunan kekebalan sel sehingga meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap penyakit pneumonia. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis asupan seng yang kurang sebagai faktor risiko keparahan pneumonia pada anak. Desain penelitian case control pada 136 anak usia 12-59 bulan yang diperoleh dari 2 RS dan 6 puskesmas di Kotamadya Yogyakarta. Sampel terdiri dari 34 anak menderita pneumoni berat (kasus) dan 102 anak menderita pneumonia sebagai kontrol. Ibu sampel melengkapi data asupan seng melalui frekuensi makan semi-kuantitatif pada bulan Maret-April 2014. Sejumlah 45 makanan dicantumkan pada kuesioner frekuensi makan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji Mantel-Haenszel dan regresi logistik bersyarat dengan α =0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa s ejumlah 41,2 persen kelompok kasus dan 56,9 persen kontrol mendapat air susu ibu (ASI) eksklusif. Proporsi kasus yang asupan sengnya kurang ternyata lebih tinggi dari kelompok kontrol. Tidak ada perbedaan antara asupan seng dan keparahan pneumonia (OR 1,08 dan 95% CI 0,5-2,3). Ada korelasi yang signifikan antara asupan seng yang kurang dan keparahan pneumonia jika disertai penyakit penyerta (OR 3,8 dan 95% CI 1,4 -10,8). Kurangnya asupan seng berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya keparahan pneumonia jika disertai adanya penyakit penyerta pada anak-anak penderita pneumonia usia 12-59 bulan. Kata kunci: asupan seng, pneumonia, faktor risiko, anak usia 12-59 bulan

The prevalence of pneumonia is particularly high among pediatric patients. Appropriate antibiotics selection is required to reduce mortality and morbidity rates associated with these diseases. However, information on cost-effectiveness of empirical antibiotics treatment for pneumonia was limited. This study was aimed to evaluate cost-effectiveness of cefotaxime and ceftazidime for pneumonia in pediatric patients. This study was a retrospective cross sectional study conducted at a hospital in Bandung during January-December 2012. Data were derived from medical records of pediatric pneumonia inpatients during study period. Cost was calculated based on direct medical cost, i.e., inpatient care, medical support, and medicines that were used from admission until hospital discharge. The results showed that there was no statistical difference in the average medical cost of the treatment using cefotaxime (1,197,017 IDR) and ceftazidime (2,245,748 IDR). Incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) showed that cefotaxime is more cost effective than ceftazidime with greater reduction of leukocytes level (576 IDR/mm3 ). The use of cefotaxime is recommended for the treatment of pnuemonia in pediatric patients. Keywords: cost minimization, cost effectiveness, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, pneumonia

Background : Nutritional problems frequently experienced by adolescents is anemia. Anemia is a condition with blood hemoglobin levels were lower than normal as a result of the inability of tissues forming red blood cells in its production in order to maintain hemoglobin levels at normal levels. The prevalence of anemia in women age 15 and older, according to Riset Kesehatan Dasar in 2013 by 22.7%. Objective : The purpose of this study analyze the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of iron deficiency anemia among high school students in Pakem. Method : This observational study using cross sectional approach, implemented in four high schools in the District of Pakem. The population in this study were students of class X and XI in four high school in Pakem. The independent variables were the nutritional status. The dependent variable is the iron anemia. Hemoglobin levels were measured by the method cyanmethemoglobin, weight was measured with a digital bathroom scales, height measured by microtoise. Data analysis used chi-square statistic. Conclusion : Based on the analysis proves that there is a relationship of nutritional status according to BMI / U with the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in high school in Pakem with p = 0.017. Keywords: nutritional status , anemia , High School students

Background : Epidemiological transition stems from a change where a decline in the prevalence of communicable diseases and non- communicable diseases (NCDs) have increased. Report in 2011 there was one billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension and in Indonesia the figure reached 31.7%. Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiological of hypertension Gamping I Community Health Center and determine the proportion of hypertension according to age, sex, occupation, education, socio-economic, geographic, demographic and access to health services. Method : The research design was a retrospective cohort. This research was conducted in Gamping I Community Health Center in November 2016. Population and sample in this study were all patients with hypertension in Gamping I Community Health Center in 2013, 2014 and 2015. The independent variables in this study were age, gender, education, employment, social, cultural, demographic population density, geographic and ease of access to health services. While the dependent variable is the proportion of hypertension. Data analysis was performed using Chi Square to know know the proportions of age, gender, education, employment, social, economic, population density, geography, access to health services with hypertension in 2013, 2014 and 2015. Result : Based on the analysis proves the young elderly, women, housewife, secondary education, non-poor families, low-lying area, population density and access to health care were likely to have hypertension with percentages respectively 33%, 66.7%, 44.9%, 70.1%, 76.7% , 71.9%, 37.9% and 82.9%. Keywords: Hypertension, Epidemiology

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occur often in geriatric patients due to various factors which include a decrease in the physiological function and organs, nutritional deficiencies, multipathology, and polypharmacy. This study aimed to identify and analyse ADRs of hospitalized-geriatric patients with hypertension. We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study (August 2012 to January 2013). Probability determination was calculated by the Naranjo scale. The subjects on this study were hospitalized-geriatric patients (n=86, 46.51% male, and 53.48% female). Thirty-one patients (11 men and 20 women) participated in this study by completing questionnaires to calculate ADRs probability using the Naranjo scale. The probability results were 7 probable, 8 possible, and 16 doubtful. Moreover, we observed that there were drug-related problems (DRP) during therapy, e.g., appropriate dose (59.37%), and inappropriate dose 34.37%. It can be concluded that in hospitalized-geriatric patients with hypertension, some problems related to ADRs remain existed.

This paper proposes a methodology to develop life cycle - value stream mapping (LC-VSM) to evaluate sustainability using lean manufacturing approach. This new tool will analyze all activities in the life cycle perspective, including manufacturing, distribution, and post-used. The approach is validated through a mini case study in a beverage firm. The key contribution of the study is a practical framework to identify non-value added activities at all of the stages. This tool can identify the sources of problems in terms of economic, environmental, and social aspects, both internally and externally. This article suggests the improvement plan to improve the sustainability performance of the company.

Acute sinusitis is the most common form of sinusitis, and it causes swelling and inflammation within the nose. The main thing that can causes sinusitis is probably due to viruses, and also can be caused by other factors, namely bacteria, fungi, irritation, dust, and allergens. In this research, the CT scan data attributes will be used for classification and grey wolf optimization-support vector machine (GWO-SVM) will be the machine learning technique used, where the GWO technique will be used to tuned the parameters in SVM. The performance of methods was analyzed using the python programming language with different percentages of training data, which started from 10% to 90%. The GWO-SVM method proposed provides better accuracy than using SVM without GWO.

In the medical field, accurate classification of medical data is really important because of its impact on disease detection and patient’s treatment. Technology, machine learning, is needed to help medical staff to improve accuracy to classify disease. This research discussed some kernel functions, such as gaussian radial basis function (RBF) kernel, Polynomial kernel, and linear kernel with support vector machine (SVM) to classify thalassemia data. Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder which is also one of the major public health problems. In this paper, there is an explanation about thalassemia, SVM, and some of the kernel functions that serve as a comprehensive source for the next research about this topic. Furthermore, there is a comparison result from three kernel functions to find out which one has the best performance. The result is gaussian RBF kernel with SVM is the best method with an average of accuracy 99,63%.