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Aim: Foramen mentale is the anatomical formation in which the vein and nerve package feeds and provides sensory innervation to the chin and lower anterior lip area. During implant surgery and osteotomy operations, it is important to know the anatomical morphometric characteristics because of mental nerve damage. This study aims to determine whether mental foramen differ depending on age and gender. Method: 100 patients (50 females-50 males) who applied to neu faculty of dentistry and received kıbt for various reasons between 2020-2021 were included in the study. spss program was used for statistical analysis. a p value of 0.05). It was found that the parameters except the superoinferior diameter of the right mental foramen did not show a statistically significant difference according to gender (p> 0.05). It was found that the right mental foramen superoinferior diameter of males was statistically higher than females. (p 0.05). Conclusion: According to the result we obtained from this study, it was determined that the superoinferior diameter of the mental foramen was higher in men. This result will guide for those working in the field of anatomy, oral maxillofacial surgeons and oral maxillofacial radiologists.

The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of bruxism on the fractal dimension (FD) of the mandibular trabecular bone through digital panoramic radiographs, and (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of fractal analysis as a diagnostic test for bruxism. One hundred and six bruxer and 106 non-bruxer patients were included in the study. Three bilateral regions of interest (ROI) were selected: ROI-1, the mandibular condyle; ROI-2, the mandibular angle; ROI-3, the-area between the apical regions of the mandibular second premolar and the first molar teeth. FD values for the bruxer and non-bruxer groups were compared for each ROI. Only the FD measurements for the right mandibular condyle (ROI-1) showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.041) between the bruxer and non-bruxer individuals. FD values measured in the bruxers (1.40 ± 0.09) were lower than in the non-bruxers (1.42 ± 0.08). Fractal analysis may be a useful method for discerning trabecular differences in the condylar areas of bruxer individuals. In future studies, the unilateral mastication habits, the characteristics of dental wear, and the occlusal bite forces of individuals should be documented.

Various mechanisms play an important role in the growth of maxillary sinus cavities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations of maxillary sinus volume (MSV) with nasal septal deviation (NSD), concha bullosa (CB) and impacted teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. From 55 patients, a total of 110 maxillary sinus images were obtained and examined. Data including age, gender, impacted third molar, canine teeth, NSD, and CB were examined. MSV was measured using the MIMICS software (Materialise HQ Technologielaan, Leuven, Belgium). All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 21) software and p values 0.05). No significant differences were found between MSV and impacted teeth, NSD and CB (p > 0.05). NSD, CB, impacted teeth, and age were not found to be related to MSV. Gender had an effect on MSV and males had higher mean sinus volume than females.

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to show that differences in odontoid process related to age and gender using cone beam volumetric tomography, develop regression formulae based on metric data for gender and age estimation in a Turkish population and investigate whether there is a relationship between the odontoid process and dental maturation for usefulness in forensic and bioarchaeological studies. MATERIAL AND METHOD The study sample included a total of 77 subjects in the age group of 8-22 years. The anterior-posterior and transverse diameters of the odontoid process were measured. Regression formulae were performed for age and gender estimation. The dental maturation levels were determined according to Demirjian's method. RESULT The mean values of anterior-posterior diameters were significantly larger than those of transverse diameters (P

WOS:000408113700005, PubMed ID: 28955593, Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı stiloid çıkıntının (SÇ) morfolojisinin ve kalsifikasyon şekillerinin incelenmesi ve bunların bireylerin yaşları, cinsiyetleri ve diş durumlarıyla olan ilişkilerinin belirlenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: 910 panoramik radyografi yaş, diş durumu ve cinsiyete göre gruplandırıldı. SÇ uzunlukları ve morfolojik kalsifikasyon tipleri analiz edildi. SP'nin temporal kemiğin timpanik kısmından ayrılan nokta ile SP'nin kemik ucu arasındaki mesafe ölçüldü. Kalsifikasyon yapıları şu şekilde sınıflandırıldı: (A) Bölge 1, yalnız tympanohyal (B) Bölge 2, tek başına stylohyal (C) Bölge 1 ve 2, ayrı (D) Bölgeler 1 ve 2, sürekli (E) Bölge 1, 2 ve 3, sürekli (F) Bölge 1, 2 ve 3, ayrı (G) Bölge 1 ve 2, sürekli fakat 3'ten ayrı (H) Bölge 2 ve 3 ayrı, (I) Bölge 2 ve 3 sürekli, ancak 1'den ayrı (J) Yalnız bölge 3 (K) Bölge 3 ve 4, sürekli (başka bir bölgede kalsifikasyon içerebilir) (L) Görülen herhangi bir stiloid çıkıntı yok.Bulgular: Sağ taraftaki SÇ'lerin sola göre daha uzun olduğu belirlendi (p0,05). Her iki tarafta en sık görülen morfolojik kalsifikasyon tiplerinin D (sağ % 42.9, sol 42%) ve E (sağ % 33.3, sol% 30.8) olduğu saptandı. Çift taraflı SÇ uzunluklarının arasında cinsiyet, yaş ve diş durumuna göre anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Her iki cinsiyette de, sadece sağ SÇ morfolojik kalsifikasyon tiplerinin yaş gruplarına göre farklılık gösterdiği bulundu (p 0.05). SP morfolojik kalsifikasyon tiplerinin cinsiyet ve diş durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık göstermediği tespit edildi.Sonuç: Morfolojik tipler mevcut alanlarına göre şekillenmektedir. SÇ kalsifikasyon tipleri, SÇ uzunluğuna göre belirlenmesine rağmen, yaş SÇ uzunluğu ile değil, SÇ'nın morfolojik kalsifikasyon tipi ile ilişkiliydi. Buna göre SÇ'nın morfolojik kalsifikasyon tipinin gelişmesinde yaş dışında başka etkenlerin rol oynadığı düşünülebilir. SÇ'nın yapısal özellikleri yaş, cinsiyet ve diş durumu ile ilişkili değildir., Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphology and calcification pattern of the styloid process (SP) and to determine their relations with subjects’ age, gender, and dental status. Materials and Methods: 910 panoramic radiographs were stratified by age, dental status and gender. The distance between the points where SP leaves the tympanic plate of the temporal bone and the bony tip of SP was measured. Calcification patterns were classified as : (A) Region 1, tympanohyal alone (B) Region 2, stylohyal alone (C) Region 1 and 2, separate (D) Regions 1 and 2, continuous (E) Regions 1, 2, and 3, continuous (F) Regions 1, 2, and 3, separate (G) Regions 1 and 2, continuous, but separate from 3 (H) Regions 2 and 3, separate (I) Regions 2 and 3, continuous, but separate from 1 (J) Region 3 alone (K) Region 3 and 4, continuous (may include calcification in one other region) (L) No styloid process visible.Results: The right SPs were found to be longer than the left (p0.05). Types D (right 42.9%, left 42%) and E (right 33.3%, left 30.8%) were the most common morphological calcifications on both sides. No statistical difference was found for bilateral SP length between gender, age, and dental status groups. A significant difference was found only for right SP morphological calcification types as to age groups in both genders (p0.05). No significant difference was found for SP morphological calcification types according to gender and dental status.Conclusion: The morphological types are formed at their present area. Even though SP calcification type was determined according to the length of SP, age was not an effective factor on the length, but the morphological calcification type of SP. Therefore, factors other than age may have a role in the development of morphological calcification types. Structural characteristics of SP are not associated with age, gender and dental status.

Background: This study aimed to determine the volumetric size of the maxillary sinus and investigate the effect of gender and age on maxillary sinus volume (MSV) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in a Turkish subpopulation. Materials and methods: This retrospective volumetric CBCT study was carried out on 133 individuals (84 females, 49 males) between 8 and 51 years old. MSV was measured using the MIMICS 21.0 software (Materialise HQ Technologielaan, Leuven, Belgium). All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 21.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) software. Mean and standard deviation of both maxillary sinuses measurements were calculated and compared to gender and age. P values < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Mean volume of the right maxillary sinus was 13.173 cm3, while for the left was 13.194 cm3. There was no significant difference between right and left maxillary sinus volumes (p > 0.05). There was no significant correlation between MSV and age (p > 0.05). It was found that MSV did not change according to gender (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Right and left maxillary sinus volumes were not different from each other. Gender and age were not found to be related to maxillary sinus volume.

The radiological interpretation and significance of changes in the sella turcica are dependent on an knowledge of the normal anatomy and pathology of this structure. Clincians should recognize variations in the anatomical structures found on cephalometric films so as to exclude any pathological changes, even before these become clinically apparent. The pituitary gland occupies the sella turcica and it is considered to be a site for brain tumours. Sellas of unusual size, shape and/or with a poorly defined outline may indicate pituitary problems and may be associated with some types of craniofacial malformation and various syndromes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the maturation levels of the third molar teeth of individuals aged between 7 and 25 years, to evaluate the relationship between dental maturation, chronological age and gender, and to test the reliability of this formula by developing regression formulas based on dental maturation data of the third molars for age estimation in a Turkish populatioMaterial and Methods: In this retrospective study, digital panoramic radiographs of a total of 630 patients including 380 females and 250 males, ages 7-25 years were used. The dental maturation of the third molars on the panoramic radiographs was evaluated with the modified Demirjian’s classification system. The descriptive statistics, Cohen’s Kappa, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal Wallis, Chi- Square, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Spearman Correlation and Linear regression tests were used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean chronological age (CA) was 14.38±2.51 years, with a median age of 14.00 years. Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean CA for females and males (p = 0.968). The mean age difference between the estimated dental age (DA) and CA for females and males was 0.002 and -0.004 years, respectively. This was found not to be statistically significant according to Wilcoxon-signed ranks test (p=0.541).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the use of third molars as a developmental marker is appropriate. There were no significant differences in third molar development between genders.Keywords: Age estimation; dental age; Demirjian; maturation; third molar.

Objective: Current diagnostic tools for non-cavitated occlusal caries are not very reliable. For this reason, newer systems need to be developed. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of visual inspection (ICDAS-II), laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent pen), and the near-infrared transillumination technique (DIAGNOcam) in the detection of non-cavitated occlusal caries lesions under clinical and laboratory conditions in 90 third molar teeth planned for extraction. Materials and Methods:Ninety third molar teeth were firstly examined in clinical conditions, scored according to ICDAS-II criteria, and examined with DIAGNOdent pen and DIAGNOcam devices. After finishing the clinical examination, the teeth were re-evaluated shortly after the extractions with the same methods. Then, the teeth were sectioned for histological validation according to Downer’s criteria. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated based on the histological results. Results: For the D0–D1–4 threshold, the area under the ROC curve values ranged between 0.754 and 0.881 for all systems. Sensitivity values ranged between 80.5 and 96.1%, and specificity values ranged between 61.5 and 84.6% for the three caries detection methods. DIAGNOcam had the best correlation value (0.616) according to histological observations and demonstrated a sensitivity rate of 96.1%, a specificity rate of 61.5%, and an accuracy rate of 91.1%. Conclusions: DIAGNOcam was found to be the most effective method for the diagnosis of occlusal caries without cavitation in permanent molar teeth.

Background The presence of notched R or S waves without accompanying typical bundle branch blocks, or the existence of an additional wave like RSR’ pattern in the original QRS complex (with a duration of 120 points (OR = 4.765), age >70 years (OR = 4.041), anterior MI localization (OR = 3.148), and presence of fQRS (OR = 2.484) were significant predictors of primary end points. fQRS increased the predictive ability of GRACE score >120 about two folds (OR = 7.305, P < 0.001). Conclusion Persistent fQRS on ECG is associated with poor prognosis and there is a lack of expected mortality benefit of RPT, particularly that of fibrinolytic therapy, in STEMI patients with fQRS.

The ponticulus posticus (PP) is a bridge of bone sometimes found on the atlas vertebra surrounding the vertebral artery and the first cervical nerve root. Sella turcica bridging (STB) is the fusion of anterior and posterior clinoid processes. The objective of this study was to find out the association between STB and PP. For the study, 752 digital lateral cephalograms were retrieved from the archived records of Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Konya, Turkey. There was a significant relationship between the presence of STB and PP (p=0.000, p