Search

This article contains the management of discoloured teeth using conservative approach of intracoronal bleaching and gradation method of tooth preparation for reducing the tooth shade and restoration of the prepared teeth with fixed dental prosthesis. In this article a case report of management of discolored and malaligned maxillary anterior teeth have been presented

The objective of the study is to evaluate the surgical outcome between free nasoseptal mucoperichondrial flap using septal cartilage vs fascia lata using fat in terms of morbidity, hospital stay and postoperative complications. It is a retrospective comparitive study of 127 patients, diagnosed with CSF leak and who underwent repair of anterior skull base defect using free nasoseptal mucoperichondrial graft with septal cartilage in 73 cases compared with fascia lata with fat in 54 cases over the time frame of 5 years. The success rate with free nasoseptal flap with septal cartilage was 97.3% and that with fascia lata with fat was 96.3%. There was a significant association between mean hospital stay and the technique of CSF repair (unpaired t test, p −0.02). In our study the complications following the repair with free nasoseptal flap with septal cartilage was significantly less (p

Leaf plates are traditionally made by hand in Indian villages. These are commonly used for serving food at family, religious and social functions. The laborious craft can now be converted into machine operation to make these containers in elegant shape and sizes and to make the plates much stronger than the normal one by the conventional method of making plates. The punch–die assembly of the traditional machine consists of an electric heater where the effective heating temperature is maintained from 110 to 120 °C. Alternatively, this temperature can also be achieved easily by using solar concentrator to heat the thermic oil which in turn can be used to heat the punch–die assembly. The hot oil will be circulated through hollow space of punch and die so that the green leaf will be heated from both the sides and occupied the required shape of cup or plate in minimum time while moulding in die. The thickness of such punch–die assembly is optimized analytically and also by FE software ANSYSTM.

A method for waste management and valorization of waste activated sludge (WAS) was developed using co-digestion. Biogas and methane production were used as indicators of efficiency for analyzing biochemical methane potential (BMP) of co-digestion of waste activated sludge with three agricultural wastes (i) wheat straw, (ii) rice straw, and (iii) soybean straw. Results infer that co-digestion system of waste activated sludge with wheat straw or rice straw or soybean straw gave higher cumulative specific methane production of 223, 218, and 197 ml/g VS, which produced 2.57, 2.52, and 2.27 times higher methane yield compared to the mono-digestion of WAS respectively. In addition, the use of rumen as inoculum was found to enhance biogas and methane production. The kinetic analysis further confirmed that the inclusion of agricultural straws could abbreviate the lag phase and increase the degradation of the substrates, which in turn enhances methane production potential.

In this era of automation where it is broadly defined as replacement of manual effort by mechanical power in all applications of manufacturing. Chamfering is one of the major operation in manufacturing of automotive parts. Many small scale manufacturing industries performs this operation manually as per the requirement of customer. There are many industrial applications where round bar or square bars are required to be chamfered on different machines to make automotive components. To produce such mass productions manually consumes more time as well as man power. In this paper we have designed and developed automated double sided chamfering machine.

Background: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the outcome of excision in terms of gross and partial resection rates compared to the grades of pituitary adenoma (based on Hardy-Vezina classification). We also evaluated the post-operative complications and the effect of resection on visual outcomes and endocrinological remission.Methods: We retrospectively analysed 116 patients who underwent surgical resection of pituitary adenoma via endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach at Civil Hospital (Ahmedabad) between March 2013 and March 2019 and collected pre-operative and post-operative data in terms of imaging, endocrine function and vision. Results: According to the postoperative imaging data and endocrine examination results, gross-total resection (GTR) was achieved in 79.3% (92 patients), and partial (PR) in 20.6% (24 patients) which was significant (pConclusions: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is a valuable treatment option for patients having grade 3 or lower pituitary adenomas, which leads to gross total resection in comparison to patients having grade 4 adenoma. It also results in high rate of surgical decompression and better visual outcome. Partial resection may result in endocrinological response in functional tumors.

In this paper, Carry Select Adder (CSA) architecture are proposed using parallel prefix adder. Instead of using 4-bit Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), parallel prefix adder i.e., 4-bit Brent Kung (BK) adder is used to design CSA. Adders are key element in digital design, performing not only addition operation, but also many other function such as subtraction, multiplication and division. Ripple Carry Adder (RCA) gives the most complicated design as-well-as longer computation time. The time critical application use Brent Kung parallel prefix adder to drive fast results but they lead to increase in area. Carry Select Adder understands between RCA and BK in term of area and delay. Delay of RCA is larger therefore we have replaced it with Brent Kung parallel prefix adder which gives fast result. Power and delay of 4-bit RCA and 4-bit BK adder architecture are calculated at different input voltage. This paper describes comparative performance of 4-bit RCA and 4-Bit BK parallel prefix adder designed using TANNER EDA tool.

A solar dryer fitted with a novel design of absorber having inbuilt thermal storage capabilities was designed, fabricated, simulated and also tested at Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering Research & Technology, Chandrapur (MS) India. Thermic oil was used as a storage material. The main objective of the study was to reduce the drying period and enhance the quality of dried product mainly chillies and fenugreek leaves. The products were laid in a single layer. The dimensions of the dryer were arrived at using the well-defined procedure available in literature. The mass of thermic oil needed in the absorber and mass of product to be dried in trays were optimized using simulation techniques. The maximum drying air temperature required for drying agricultural products was around 65°C. The ambient conditions at the location were 25–40°C, 16–43% RH and solar radiation 105–1024 W m−2. Experimental studies based on temperature and humidity measurements were performed on the dryer. The research concluded that the desired drying air temperature was achieved and maintained for a longer period. The length of operation of the solar air heater and the efficiency of the dryer were increased, and better quality of agricultural products in terms of colour value were obtained compared with open sun drying. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Solar inverters are mainly classified as voltage source based solar inverter and current source based solar inverter. The comparison of voltage source inverter (VSI) and current source inverter (CSI) is presented in this paper. Conventional CSI generate high earth leakage current into the grid. Therefore, conventional CSI requires an intermediate isolation transformer to feed power to the grid. The use of transformer makes the system bulky. To overcome these limitations, a modified CSI without transformer is analyzed from reliability point of view in this paper. The failure rates, Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) and hence the reliability of various components of conventional VSI, CSI and proposed CSI are calculated using methods discussed in Military Handbook (MILHDBK 217F). It is found that conventional CSI is more reliable than VSI as it requires smaller dc link capacitor.The failure rate for proposed CSI is found to be less compared to conventional CSI, thus MTBF and reliability of proposed transformer less CSI is more than conventional CSI and VSI. The reliability of these inverters is calculated in benign environment.

To meet increasing Energy demand, depleting Fossil Fuel and environmental problems caused by conventional power generation, renewable energy sources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) are becoming more attractive alternatives to replace conventional generation. Power electronic systems are essential to utilize and develop renewable energy sources. In solar PV applications, utilizing maximum power from the source is one of the most important functions of the power electronic systems. The proposed work presents the comparison of Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) and Current Source Inverter (CSI) with MOSFET and IGBT then THDs and Reliability of the PV inverters for solar systems are measured. Reliability Curves and MTBF plots are studied, simulated and analyzed. The simulation of the system is carried out in the MATLAB environment.

We propose a new ultrasonic image analysis system that can be utilized as an effective tool in classifying liver states as normal, hepatitis, or liver cirrhosis. In this system, we first define suitable settings for the ultrasonic device, then remove the inhomogeneous structures from the area of interest in the image, and then, by using the forward sequential search method, look for the useful texture parameters from the co-occurrence matrix, the statistical feature matrix, the texture spectrum, and the fractal dimension descriptors. Finally, the selected parameters are fed into three different classifier i.e. MLP NN, RBF network and SVM(support vector machine) for the classification of liver disease.