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BACKGROUND Management of the patients with urachal remnants (URs) has been under discussion for a long time. The traditional approach with surgical removal of all urachal remnants, has been changed to a more conservative, which is preferred by many surgeons, especially in asymptomatic patients. AIM The purpose of this study was to optimize the treatment of patients with URs, primarily for asymptomatic children. RESULTS Our previous screening study showed that real incidence of the URs in childhood is significantly higher than it was previously stated. Based on our data and the results of literature review, we propose an algorithm for the workup and treatment of children with URs. CONCLUSION We assume that the risk of developing complications (primarily, malignancy) was previously significantly overestimated. In this regard, we recommend conservative tactics in in most asymptomatic cases.

Objective: to analyze cosmetic results following reconstruction of nasal alar defects using cheek skin flaps. Material and methods. The results of 29 operations were analyzed. The reconstruction was performed with nasolabial flaps and jigsaw puzzle flaps. The cosmetic outcomes were evaluated by the five-point scale by means of patient-report and specialist-report questionnaire. Results. Acceptable overall outcomes were achieved in 22 cases according to the experts’ assessment and in 24 cases according to the patients’ assessment. The highest scores were noted for alar color and position, and the lowest scores - for alar size, shape, and nostril size. The complication rate was 11.1 %. Delayed surgical corrections were undertaken in 10 patients. Conclusion. The reconstruction of full thickness nasal alar defects using cheek skin flaps made it possible to achieve acceptable outcomes with minimal donor site damage in the majority of the patients.

The pathology of the esophagus is diverse, therefore, disorders of the structural and functional state of the esophagus require different approaches both in the diagnosis of its pathology and in treatment. The review presents data on innovative diagnostic methods for the pathology of the cardio-esophageal transition in pediatric patients. The methods used were literature search in the databases PubMed, Medlit, RSCI, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE. Modern ideas about the neurophysiology of the gastroesophageal transition, the mechanisms of its antireflux function, and the pathogenesis of various pathologies of this anatomical localization, mainly gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), are described in both infants and school children. The features of the clinical picture of GERD depending on the age of the patient and the nature of the reflux agent are presented. The phenotypes of reflux disease are determined. The characteristics and modifications of existing original methods for studying the cardio-esophageal transition (both their advantages and disadvantages) are described in detail. The approaches to the possible optimization of management of this group of patients are proposed.

This article focuses on the most important issues of perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis (PAP) in pediatric colorectal surgery. We have analyzed currently available Russian and foreign documents on PAP and its specific characteristics in pediatric practice and colorectal surgery. We have provided the most up-to-date recommendations on perioperative prevention of enterocolitis and strictures in children with Hirschsprung's disease. Key words: antibacterial preventive therapy, colorectal surgery, pediatric surgery, surgical wound infection

A mathematical model of the static bending of a beam interacting with an elastic Winkler base, which perceives only compressive loads, is considered. When constructing the model, the method of initial parameters was used with the involvement of the state vectors of the beam sections and the matrices of the influence of the initial parameters on the state of arbitrary sections. Two options for fastening a beam to some part of the base are considered: a free beam and a cantilever.

Objective: to analyze the mortality structure of patients with liver cirrhosis over 2015-2018 in Gomel.Material and methods. A retrospective cohort analysis of 130 findings of postmortem autopsy of patients with liver cirrhosis has been performed (data of the departments of Gomel Regional Pathology Bureau at Gomel Regional Infectious Clinical Hospital, Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 3 and Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 2, 2015-2018). The age and gender structure of the patients, etiology and cause of death were analyzed. The data were entered and analyzed in MS Excel, 2010.Results. Most frequently, the patients with cirrhosis die at 50-59 and usually of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), gastrointestinal bleeding, and acute posthemorrhagic anemia. Non-viral hepatitis as a cause of cirrhosis is more prevalent (61.5 %) than viral hepatitis, while the etiology for more than a third of the cirrhosis cases (38.5 %) is not determined. Most of the patients who died were of the working age (67.7 %) and mainly males (56.2 %). More than a third of the patients (38.5 %) had been dependent on alcohol, while only 11.5 % patients had been dia nosed with alcohol related cirrhosis.Conclusion. Thus, liver cirrhosis is still a socially topical issue for young ablebodied people. There remains a tendency to underestimate the alcoholic etiology of cirrhosis, as well as the uncertainty of the etiology of a significant part of detected cirrhosis cases.

The purpose of the work: to determine the impact of Kyokushinkai Karate classes on the ability to adapt to different physical activities of boys of 10-12 years of age during classes.Material and methods. 78 boys of 10-12 years were surveyed, 27 of them expressed their desire to participate in the sports section of Kyokushinkai Karate (EG). CG (29) includes guys who do not have contraindications for playing sports. The essence of the forming experiment was to compare the growth rates of individual indicators of physical qualities, functional preparedness of children who attended the Kyokushinkai Karate training program (experimental group - EG) with children who were engaged in physical education only during physical culture lessons (control group - CG). During the year a monitoring examination of children is carried out to assess physical development, adaptation to exercise, adaptive potential of the circulatory system, the functional state of the apparatus of external respiration, the energy potential of the organism, physical fitness and methods of mathematical statistics.Results. The plan of preparation of training groups on the basis of rational sequence of use of a set and volume of means and methods of physical education of normative part of the сurriculum "Kyokushinkai Karate" is presented. Adaptation processes occurring in the body of boys, during the acquisition of knowledge and skills within the walls of the school are determined by a number of educational, behavioral, everyday and other factors, each of which has a specific purposefulness to achieve a useful end result of learning. The course of study at school is undoubtedly accompanied by the adaptation of children to the new mode of study, rest, psychological and physical activity, and the question of the dynamics of indicators of functional systems of the child's organism came to the plane of our research.Conclusion. In the course of the research, we came to the conclusion that the plan developed and implemented in the sports circles improves the adaptation capabilities of the boys of this age group during Kyokoshinkai karate classes.

Introduction. Despite of almost 30-year world experience in mini-invasive adrenalectomy in non-oncologic pediatric patients, this issue remains not fully understood and systematized in the domestic literature. Material and methods. Our work is based on 67 laparoscopic adrenalectomies performed in 65 patients, aged from 3 months to 17 years, with predominantly benign neoplasms. Despite of a thorough preoperative examination of each patient, we met malignant neoplasms in 7 cases: 4 - adrenocortical cancer and 3 - neuroblastomas (further they were treated by oncologists). Location of the neoplasms was as follows: right-sided - 31, left-sided - 26, bilateral - 8 (6 patients out of them had bilateral simultaneous removal). Average size of the removed formations was 4.65 ± 1.29 cm (maximum 12 cm). Results and discussion. The vast majority of detected adrenal neoplasms are removed. Exceptions may be neoplasms less than 4 cm in diameter with the native density less than 10 HU by computed tomography; however, they should be actively monitored by specialists. If a malignant process is suspected, patients should be examined more thoroughly and should be treated in specialized hospitals. Nowadays, a minimally invasive and safe surgical treatment of neoplasms in the adrenal glands depends on the experience and trainings of surgeons and anesthesiologists, as well as on the equipment in the operating room. A key to the successful treatment of patients with benign adrenal neoplasms is a specific attention to curative peculiarities in such patients as well as an adequate sequence of actions during laparoscopic adrenalectomy in its main stage, namely, ligation of the central adrenal vein.

Data on the efficacy of laparoscopic and open operations in girls with various forms of gynecological pathology are presented. The study included 1771 girls aged from several days of life to 17 years with acute gynecological pathology. The main group included 1180 patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery. The reference group was 591 patients with gynecological pathology, who underwent open surgery. Laparoscopic operations were established to provide cosmetic advantages, a reduction in the duration of the operation and the volume of intraoperative blood loss, the duration of postoperative analgesia, the restoration of peristalsis, and the initiation of enteral nutrition. At the same time, the duration of stay of patients in the hospital was halved. The authors believe the treatment to be conducted with the joint participation of a child surgeon and a children’s gynecologist at all stages of the examination and treatment to ensure the effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery.

The data of the analysis of the efficacy of the use of laparoscopic operations in comparison with open surgical interventions for ten years in 8462 children with the acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity on the basis of an emergency surgical hospital are presented. Laparoscopic operations were performed in 4984 (59%) patients, and open surgical operations were performed in 3478 (41%) patients. In the treatment of acute surgical pathology in children, laparoscopic operations have been established to provide: low traumatic operative access and manipulation; visual control of all stages of the operation; relief of pain syndrome and intestinal paresis; early recovery of impaired functions and the patient activity; decline in the number of postoperative complications, the prevalence of adhesions; significant reduction in the length of stay in the hospital; excellent cosmetic result. The authors showed the execution of laparoscopic surgical interventions to be economically more profitable if compared with open operations in children.

ASAS health index (ASAS HI) is a comprehensive tool developed on the basis of the international system of ICF (the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) to quantify the health of patients with spondyloarthritis (SPA), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS). ASAS HI is a questionnaire containing 17 questions, each related to a specific ICF pool (pain, emotions, sleep, sexual function, mobility, self-care and communication). ASAS HI additionally includes 9 questions (ASAS EF Item Set) to assess the impact of environmental factors on the health of the patient with SPA. The aim is a Russian translation and adaptation of the ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set). Material and methods. Translation of ASAS HI and ASAS EF Item Set from English into Russian and its adaptation were carried out in five stages: the stage of direct translation; the stage of synthesis of translations and formation of the Russian version; the stage of reverse translation from Russian into English; the stage of comparison of the original English-language questionnaire with the result of reverse translation and the formation of the final Russian-language version; field test. Results and discussion. Three researchers performed an independent translation of ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set), after which the fourth researcher created and agreed on a single Russian version of the questionnaire. Then two volunteers, for whom English is the main language, performed a reverse translation of ASAS HI from Russian into English (reverse translation). An independent researcher has compared the original and the resulting reverse translated English version of the ASAS HI, and then the three translators performed the joint correction of the text of the three questions, differing in English-language versions. The obtained second Russian-language version of ASAS HI (including ASAS EF Item Set) was tested by 10 patients with SPA: AS – 60%; non-radiological axial spondylitis (NR axSPA) – 40%, men – 60%; mean age – 32±12 years; duration of symptoms – 7.5±2.2 years; BASDAI index – 3.39±3.04; ASAS HI – 6,96±3,35.The average time to fill the questionnaire – 2,2±1,18 min. Patients rated the Russian version of the questionnaire as clear, easy to fill in and comprehensively characterizing health problems related to SPA. The results of testing Russian-speaking patients are comparable with the results obtained in testing 206 patients with SPA from 19 non-English-speaking and 4 English-speaking countries (AS – 65%; men – 59.7%; mean age – 42.4±13.9 years; duration of symptoms – 11.2±11.0 years; BASDAI – 3.8±2.3; ASAS HI – 7.1±4.4; filling time – 2.6±1.6 min). Conclusion. During the study translation and adaptation of the Russian version of ASAS HI, which is a tool for comprehensive assessment of health and function of patients with SPA, including AS were performed.

Arrays of atoms coupled to photons, propagating in a waveguide, are now actively studied due to their prospects for generation and detection of quantum light. Quantum simulators based on waveguides with long-range couplings were also predicted to manifest unusual many-body quantum states. However, quantum tomography for large arrays with N > 20 atoms remains elusive since it requires independent access to every atom. Here, we present a novel concept for analogue quantum simulations by mapping the setup of waveguide quantum electrodynamics to the classical problem of an electromagnetic wave, propagating in a wire metamaterial. By experimentally measuring the near electromagnetic field we emulate the localization arising from polariton-polariton interactions in the quantum problem. Our results demonstrate the potential of wire metamaterials to visualize quantum light-matter coupling in a table-top experiment and may be applied to emulate other exotic quantum effects, such as quantum chaos, and self-induced topological states.

We study theoretically optomechanical interactions in a semiconductor microcavity with embedded quantum well under the optical pumping by a Bessel beam, carrying a non-zero orbital momentum. Due to the transfer of orbital momentum from light to phonons, the microcavity can act as an acoustic circulator: it rotates the propagation direction of the incident phonon by a certain angle clockwise or anticlockwise. Due to the optomechanical heating and cooling effects, the circulator can also function as an acoustic laser emitting sound with nonzero angular momentum. Our calculations demonstrate the potential of semiconductor microcavities for compact integrable optomechanical devices., 9 pages, 6 figures

Topological photonics enables resilient routing and localization of light. Of special interest are topological states of quantum light promising disorder-robust quantum correlations. Here, the authors design and fabricate a one-dimensional dimerized array of superconducting qubits. Performing microwave spectroscopy of this fabricated quantum metamaterial, they observe not only single-photon topological states but also the bands of exotic bound photon pairs mediated by the anharmonicity of qubits. They also discuss the two-photon bound edge-localized state and analyze the robustness of photon-photon correlations.

Optical control of electronic spins is the basis for ultrafast spintronics: circularly polarized light in combination with spin-orbit coupling of the electronic states allows for spin manipulation in condensed matter. However, the conventional approach is limited to spin orientation along one particular orientation that is dictated by the direction of photon propagation. Plasmonics opens new capabilities, allowing one to tailor the light polarization at the nanoscale. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast optical excitation of electron spin on femtosecond time scales via plasmon to exciton spin conversion. By time-resolving the THz spin dynamics in a hybrid (Cd,Mn)Te quantum well structure covered with a metallic grating, we unambiguously determine the orientation of the photoexcited electron spins which is locked to the propagation direction of surface plasmon-polaritons. Using the spin of the incident photons as additional degree of freedom, one can orient the photoexcited electron spin at will in a two-dimensional plane., main text 23 pages, 5 figures. Supplementing material with 6 figures

Topological photonics has emerged as a route to robust optical circuitry protected against disorder1,2 and now includes demonstrations such as topologically protected lasing3-5 and single-photon transport6. Recently, nonlinear optical topological structures have attracted special theoretical interest7-11, as they enable tuning of topological properties by a change in the light intensity7,12 and can break optical reciprocity13-15 to realize full topological protection. However, so far, non-reciprocal topological states have only been realized using magneto-optical materials and macroscopic set-ups with external magnets4,16, which is not feasible for nanoscale integration. Here we report the observation of a third-harmonic signal from a topologically non-trivial zigzag array of dielectric nanoparticles and the demonstration of strong enhancement of the nonlinear photon generation at the edge states of the array. The signal enhancement is due to the interaction between the Mie resonances of silicon nanoparticles and the topological localization of the electric field at the edges. The system is also robust against various perturbations and structural defects. Moreover, we show that the interplay between topology, bi-anisotropy and nonlinearity makes parametric photon generation tunable and non-reciprocal. Our study brings nonlinear topological photonics concepts to the realm of nanoscience.

Magneto-optical phenomena such as the Faraday and Kerr effects play a central role in controlling the polarization and intensity of optical fields propagating through a medium. Intensity effects in which the direction of light emission depends on the orientation of the external magnetic field are of particular interest, as they can be harnessed for routing light. Effects known so far for accomplishing such routing all control light emission along the axis parallel to the magnetic field. Here we report a new class of emission phenomena where directionality is established perpendicular to the externally applied magnetic field for light sources located in the vicinity of a surface. As a proof of principle for this effect, which we call transverse magnetic routing of light emission, we demonstrate the routing of emission for excitons in a diluted-magnetic-semiconductor quantum well. In hybrid plasmonic semiconductor structures, we observe significantly enhanced directionality of up to 60%.

Background.Laparoscopic surgery has advantages over laparotomy. In pediatric practice, only single studies have been devoted to the leading role of laparoscopy in the treatment of peritoneal adhesions in children; randomized controlled studies have not been conducted.Objective.Our aim was to assess the advantages of laparoscopic methods of surgical treatment in patients with adhesive intestinal obstruction.Results.The main group included 58 children aged from 10 days to 18 years who underwent laparoscopic surgery. The control group included 49 children with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction. The incidence of early and late adhesive obstruction was 18 (31%) and 40 (69%) cases in the main group, 21 (42.9%) and 28 (57.1%) cases in the control group. The number of previous surgical interventions in the main group ranged from 1 to 6, in the control group – from 1 to 7. The advantages of a laparoscopic approach to the treatment of acute adhesive obstruction are confirmed by a significantly lower expression of the postoperative intestinal paresis and rapid recovery of peristalsis, early onset of enteral nutrition, and relatively rapid discharge from the hospital. It is important to note the absence of early and late postoperative complications in the laparoscopic group, especially repeated cases of intestinal obstruction (in contrast to the control group where two patients required repeated operations for obstruction).Conclusion.Laparoscopic technologies are a method of choice in the treatment of children with acute adhesive intestinal obstruction regardless of the age of patients, the extent of the adhesion process, the anatomical mechanism of intestinal obstruction.

The authors theoretically and experimentally substantiated the use of the spectral method for processing a signal of the vortex-current metal detector for dichotomous differentiation between metals. Results of experimental research that prove the possibility of using spectral analysis for differentiation between metals were presented. The vortex-current method for detection of hidden metal objects was analyzed. It was indicated that amplitude of output VCD signal is determined by electric conductivity of material of a hidden object and its magnetic permeability. It was shown that the spectral density of a signal can be an informative feature.The authors designed and fabricated a mockup of the vortex-current device, the special features of which include modularity, which, if necessary, makes it possible to replace quickly each of the modules. The developed algorithm of normalization of signals allows an operator to choose freely a scan mode and compare correctly VCD signals with reference signals.Research results show that it is possible to distinguish easily between the spectra of ferrous metals and those of non-ferrous metals. Spectral methods can be applied both for dichotomous analysis of hidden metal objects and for analysis of the type of metal in the subgroup of non-ferrous metals under condition of using highly sensitive spectroanalyzers with measurement error not exceeding 1 %. It was shown that advantage of the spectral method for analysis of signals of vortex-current transducer is identification of hidden objects by type of metal. The use of spectral methods for detection of hidden metals offers a new property – distant analysis of composition of detected metal objects., Проанализирован вихретоковый метод выявления скрытых объектов и теоретически обосновано возможность использования спектрального анализа для различения металлов. Показано, что предложенный метод обработки сигнала позволяет определять тип металла в подгруппе цветных металлов. Приводятся структурная схема прибора, алгоритм обработки сигнала и результаты экспериментальных исследований, подтверждающие возможность отличить медь от золота или серебра. Преимуществом метода является дистанционный анализ типа металла, из которого изготовлены скрытые объекты, Проаналізовано вихрострумовий метод виявлення прихованих об’єктів та теоретично обґрунтовано можливість використання спектрального аналізу для розрізнення металів. Показано, що запропонований метод обробки сигналу дозволяє визначати тип металу в підгрупі кольорових металів. Наводяться структурна схема приладу, алгоритм обробки сигналу та результати експериментальних досліджень, які підтверджують можливість відрізнити мідь від золота чи срібла. Перевагою методу є дистанційний аналіз типу металу, з якого виготовлено приховані об’єкти

The importance of the Fano resonance concept is recognized across multiple fields of physics. In this Review, Fano resonance is explored in the context of optics, with particular emphasis on dielectric nanostructures and metasurfaces. Rapid progress in photonics and nanotechnology brings many examples of resonant optical phenomena associated with the physics of Fano resonances, with applications in optical switching and sensing. For successful design of photonic devices, it is important to gain deep insight into different resonant phenomena and understand their connection. Here, we review a broad range of resonant electromagnetic effects by using two effective coupled oscillators, including the Fano resonance, electromagnetically induced transparency, Kerker and Borrmann effects, and parity–time symmetry breaking. We discuss how to introduce the Fano parameter for describing a transition between two seemingly different spectroscopic signatures associated with asymmetric Fano and symmetric Lorentzian shapes. We also review the recent results on Fano resonances in dielectric nanostructures and metasurfaces.

Досліджено формування змісту спеціальної фізичної підготовки військовослужбовців. Встановлено, що в умовах армійської служби процес спеціальної фізичної підготовки носить організований, цілеспрямований характер і здійснюється в загальній системі бойової підготовки. Визначено шляхи удосконалення системи спеціальної фізичної підготовки через стандартизацію результатів навчання, інтеграцію елементів бойової підготовки в єдину комплексну систему навчання, The formation of the content of special physical training of military personnel is studied. It is established that in the conditions of the army service the process of special physical training is organized, purposeful and carried out in the general system of combat training. Ways to improve the system of special physical training are defined: standardization of training results, the integration of elements of combat training into a single integrated training system

We present a novel nonlinear metasurface featuring reconfigurable symmetry protected bound states in the continuum. It enhances photon-pair generation at non-degenerate photon frequencies via spontaneous parametric down-conversion, opening new opportunities for quantum spectroscopy and sensing.

The method of Fluid Location of the Atmosphere (FLA) [1-3] is the development of back trajectory statistics methods (BTS) [4-6], which allow to evaluate spatial structure of atmospheric contaminants, which are measured in a finite number of monitoring sites. In any variant of the BTS method, a fixed (Euler) grid is used to divide the investigated region into a set of fixed volume spatial cells. The common example of a fixed grid is a latitude - longitude grid. However, a latitude - longitude grid becomes inconvenient for solving some tasks, such as reconstructing of the concentration fields in the Polar Regions. The aim of this work is to build an alternative grid for the tasks of the FLA method, as well as to compare and analyze simulation results obtained on the basis of various grids. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved. The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project № 18-31-00170.

Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world, in 80% of cases the diagnosis is made at a late stage. In 50% of cases, a relapse occurs even after the optimal treatment has been performed. The initial treatment of ovarian cancer, regardless of the stage of the tumor process, begins with surgical treatment, and at the second stage, combined chemotherapy is performed. Since the tumor process in ovarian cancer, as a rule, local, limited in the abdominal cavity, in order to reduce the toxicity of chemotherapy drugs on the body as a whole, the alternative options for the administration of chemotherapy drugs is intra-abdominal, which allows increasing the concentration of the drug directly in the tumor locus. Purpose of research. In our study, we want to describe the laparoscopic method of placement of intra-abdominal port systems, assess the disadvantages and advantages, as well as the risks of complications in the case of port installation at the first stage of treatment (intraoperative port installation during laparotomy) and at stage 2 (laparoscopic). Materials and methods. Technically, the implantation of the intraperitoneal port system in order to carry out subsequent chemotherapy courses was carried out in two ways: 1) intraoperative; 2) laparoscopic approaches. In the first case, the installation is carried out directly after the implementation and evaluation of the surgical intervention. In the second, the intraperitoneal catheter is implanted with laparoscopic access after revision and assessment of the quality of cytoreductive surgery. The study included 77 patients with ovarian cancer stage Ic-IV, who underwent optimal cytoreduction at the first stage of treatment (residual tumor up to 1 cm in diameter). At the second stage of treatment, patients were planned to undergo intra-abdominal chemotherapy with palixaxel drugs in combination with intravenous cisplatin. Port systems in 56 cases (72.7%) were installed intraoperatively and in 21 cases (27.3%) laparoscopically. Results. In total, port systems were installed in 77 patients, of which - in 56 cases intraoperatively and in 21 cases laparoscopically. However, a total of 30 (38.9%) laparoscopic interventions were performed: in 21 (27.2%) cases a port system was installed, in 6 (7.8%) cases during laparoscopy contraindications were detected for port implantation, in 3 (3.9%) cases required a reinstallation of the port system due to complications arising after intraoperative implantation. As described above, 6 patients had contraindications for installing port systems, of which in 4 (5.2%) cases, it turned out to be a marked adhesive disease after primary cytoreduction, in two patients (2.6%) non-optimal amount of cytoreductive interventions in the first stage. Multiple metastases in the peritoneum of up to 3 cm in diameter were visualized in one patient, which did not correspond to the protocol of the operation, the patient subsequently received standard treatment; in the second case, there was a large omentum with metastatic lesions. The patient was re-operated in the optimal volume and intraperitoneal intraperitoneal port system was installed intraoperatively. Thus, in 7.8% of cases, the protocol data of the operation did not match the laparoscopic data. Conclusion. The method of laparoscopic implantation of intra-abdominal port systems is safe and effective, which in comparison with the intraoperative installation method provides several advantages: additional revision of the abdominal cavity to assess the optimality of cytoreductive surgery performed at the first stage, assessment of the degree of adhesions in the abdominal cavity, which in turn affects the uniform distribution of the drug.

To optimize diagnosis and surgical treatment of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.Retrospective comparative analysis of diagnosis and surgical treatment included 444 patients who were treated at the specialized department of endocrine surgery of Pirogov National Medical Surgical Center in 2012-2017. Archival materials and electronic databases of the clinic were applied.It was developed the algorithm which may be used in most patients for minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. Minimally invasive surgery reduces the risk of complications and is associated with reliable efficacy and good cosmetic effect.Точное предоперационное установление локализации аденом(ы) околощитовидной железы (ОЩЖ) имеет решающее значение для успешного выполнения минимально инвазивной операции. Совершенствование имеющихся и активное внедрение в клиническую практику новых методов топической диагностики с различной эффективностью ставят перед клиницистом задачу выбора оптимального метода и/или их сочетания. Проведен ретроспективный сравнительный анализ диагностики и хирургического лечения 444 пациентов, находившихся на лечении в специализированном отделении эндокринной хирургии стационара ФГБУ НМХЦ им Н.И. Пирогова с 2012 по 2017 г., использованы архивные материалы и электронные базы данных клиники.

The mathematical model of dynamic process in the loaded constant evenly distributed load of structurally nonlinear system “beam - two-parameter foundation" is constructed, arising as a result of sudden change of physical and mechanical properties of the foundation, leading to zeroing of its shear rigidity. The solving of the static bending problem of a hinged beam fixed at the ends of the beam, supported by (если физически на него опирается, если нет, тогда operated) the Pasternak foundation, serves as an initial condition of the problem about the forced vibrations of the beam on the Winkler foundation, which occurred after a sudden formation of the defect. The solutions of static and dynamic problems are built using the method of initial parameters with the involvement of vectors of beam cross-sections states and matrixes of influence of initial parameters on the state of arbitrary cross-sections. To analyze forced vibrations, the decomposition of load and deflection of the initial static state into rows according to the forms of natural vibrations of the new state is applied.

Photonic structures offer unique opportunities for controlling light-matter interaction, including the photonic spin Hall effect associated with the transverse spin-dependent displacement of a light beam that propagates in specially designed optical media. However, due to small spin-orbit coupling, the photonic spin Hall effect is usually weak at the nanoscale. Here we suggest theoretically and demonstrate experimentally, in both optics and microwave experiments, the photonic spin Hall effect enhanced by topologically protected edge states in subwavelength arrays of resonant dielectric particles. Based on direct near-field measurements, we observe the selective excitation of the topological edge states controlled by the handedness of the incident light. Additionally, we reveal the main requirements to the symmetry of photonic structures to achieve the topology-enhanced spin Hall effect, and also analyse the robustness of the photonic edge states against the long-range coupling.

We study theoretically an extended Bose-Hubbard model with the spatially modulated interaction strength, describing a one-dimensional array of tunneling-coupled nonlinear cavities. It is demonstrated that the spatial modulation of the nonlinearity induces bound two-photon edge states. The formation of these edge states has been understood analytically in terms of nonlinear self-localization. Our results show that the number of excitations and the modulation period of the interaction affect the photonic quantum walks in the universal way and both promote the edge states.

Topological photonics has emerged recently as a smart approach for realizing robust optical circuitry, and the study of nonlinear effects is expected to open the door for tunability of photonic topological states. Here we realize experimentally nonlinearity-induced spectral tuning of electromagnetic topological edge states in arrays of coupled nonlinear resonators in the pump-probe regime. When nonlinearity is weak, we observe that the frequencies of the resonators exhibit spectral shifts concentrated mainly at the edge mode and affecting only weakly the bulk modes. For a strong pumping, we describe several scenarios of the transformation of the edge states and their hybridization with bulk modes, and also predict a parametrically driven transition from topological stationary to unstable dynamic regimes.

We demonstrate that the parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric interfaces formed between non-Hermitian amplifying (``gainy'') and lossy topological crystals exhibit $\mathcal{PT}$ phase transitions separating phases of lossless and decaying/amplifying topological edge transport. The spectrum of these interface states exhibits exceptional points (EPs) separating (i) a $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric real-valued regime with an evenly distributed wave function in both gainy and lossy domains and (ii) a $\mathcal{PT}$ broken complex-valued regime, in which edge states asymmetrically localize in one of the domains. Despite its complex-valued character, the edge spectrum remains gapless and connects complex-valued bulk bands through the EPs. We find that the regimes exist when the real edge spectrum is embedded into the bulk continuum without mixing, indicating that the edge states are protected against leakage into the bulk by the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. Two exemplary $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric systems, exhibiting valley and Chern topological phases, respectively, are investigated and the connection with the corresponding Hermitian systems is established. Interestingly, despite the complex bulk spectrum of the Chern insulator, the bulk-interface correspondence principle still holds, as long as the topological gap remains open. The proposed systems are experimentally feasible in photonics, which is evidenced by our rigorous full-wave simulations of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetric silicon-based photonic graphene.

We develop a multipolar theory of second-harmonic generation (SHG) by dielectric nanoparticles made of noncentrosymmetric materials with bulk quadratic nonlinearity. We specifically analyze two regimes of optical excitation: illumination by a plane wave and single-mode excitation, when the laser pump drives the magnetic dipole mode only. Considering two classes of nonlinear crystalline solids (dielectric perovskite material and III-V semiconductor), we apply a symmetry approach to derive selection rules for the multipolar composition of the nonlinear radiation. The developed description can be used for design of efficient nonlinear optical nanoantennas with reconfigurable radiation characteristics., 18 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables

We study theoretically the dissipative Bose-Hubbard model describing array of tunneling-coupled cavities with non-conservative photon-photon interaction. Our calculation of the complex energy spectrum for the photon pairs reveals exceptional points where the two-photon states bound by nonlinear dissipation are formed. This improves fundamental understanding of the interplay of non-Hermiticity and interactions in the quantum structures and can be potentially used for on-demand nonlinear light generation in photonic lattices., 4 pages, 4 figures

It is reported an enhancement of the transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) in the vicinity of the excitonic and hybrid plasmon-exciton modes. Such modes are excited in quantum well in the bare diluted semiconductor thin films and in the plasmonic semiconductor nanostructures. Two-order enhancement of the TMOKE is observed in bare semiconductor films in the spectral region of the excitonic resonances. In plasmonic semiconductor nanostructures with quantum wells we also observe the hybridization of the TMOKE spectrum due to excitation of plasmon-exciton modes.

We study solitons of the two-dimensional nonlinear Dirac equation with asymmetric cubic nonlinearity. We show that with the nonlinearity parameters specifically tuned, a high degree of localization of both spinor components is enabled on a ring of certain radius. Such ring Dirac soliton can be viewed as a self-induced nonlinear domain wall and can be implemented in nonlinear photonic graphene lattice with Kerr-like nonlinearities. Our model could be instructive for understanding localization mechanisms in nonlinear topological systems.

Background Secukinumab, a fully human interleukin 17A (IL-17A) inhibitor, improved signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in patients (pts) in the MEASURE 1 core trial at 2 years and through 4 years in the extension study.1,2 A low radiographic progression rate was reported for the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (Δ mSASSS at Yr 2=0.3).1 Comparison of anti-TNF agents with historical NSAID-treated cohorts have not shown a significant benefit at 2 years in reducing radiographic progression.3,4 Objectives This retrospective analysis compared spinal radiographic progression over 2 years in the MEASURE 1 cohort of secukinumab-treated AS patients (C1; NCT01358175) vs a historical cohort of biologic-naive AS pts (ENRADAS [C2; NCT00715091]).5 Methods Baseline (BL) and 2 year X-ray data from the 2 cohorts were compared. Only data from pts with X-rays at BL and Yr 2 (data capture window for Yr 2 X-rays: 31–744 days) were included (n=168 [C1], n=69 [C2]). X-rays were independently re-evaluated using the mSASSS by 2 reviewers and an adjudicator blinded to the timing and cohorts; averaged values were analysed. Cases with the highest difference in Δ mSASSS between readers (top 10%) were adjudicated. The primary outcome was to compare the% pts with no radiographic progression (Δ mSASSS at Year 2≤0) in C1 vs C2. The difference between C1 and C2 was analysed using a logistic regression with cohort as a factor and BL mSASSS as a covariate. Results BL demographics were comparable across cohorts, with mean age 40.9 vs 42.6 years, and gender 72.8% vs 66.7% male in C1 vs C2, respectively. Over 2 years, least squares (LS) mean Δ mSASSS was 0.55 for C1 vs 0.89 for C2 (p=0.185) and% pts with no radiographic progression (Δ mSASSS at Year 2≤0) was slightly higher in C1 vs C2 (table 1). Conclusions Over 2 years, a numerically lower rate of progression was seen in secukinumab-treated pts vs a control cohort of biologic-naive AS pts. Further research is needed to understand the impact of IL-17A inhibition with secukinumab on spinal disease progression in AS pts; SURPASS (NCT03259074), an ongoing H2H study powered to compare differences in spinal radiographic progression with secukinumab vs biosimilar adalimumab, will help answer these questions. References [1] Braun J, et al. Ann Rheum Dis Ann Rheum Dis2017;76:1070–77. [2] Braun J, et al. Arthritis Rheumatol2017;69(10). [3] van der Heijde D, et al. Arthritis Rheum2008;58:1324–31. [4] van der Heijde D, et al. Arthritis Res Ther2009;11:R127. [5] Sieper J, et al. Ann Rheum Dis2016;75:1438–43. Disclosure of Interest J. Braun Grant/research support from: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB, Consultant for: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi- Aventis and UCB, H. Haibel: None declared, M. de Hooge Employee of: MdH Research, R. Landewe Grant/research support from: Abbott, Amgen, Centocor, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Schering-Plough, UCB and Wyeth, Consultant for: Abbott/AbbVie, Ablynx, Amgen, Astra-Zeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Centocor, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Schering-Plough, UCB and Wyeth, Employee of: Rheumatology Consultancy BV, Speakers bureau: Abbott, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Centocor, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Schering-Plough, UCB and Wyeth, M. Rudwaleit Speakers bureau: Abbvie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, T. Fox Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharma AG, A. Readie Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, H. Richards Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharma AG, B. Porter Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, R. Martin Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, D. Poddubny Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Janssen, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer, Consultant for: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, J. Sieper Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Lilly, Pfizer, and UCB, Consultant for: AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Lilly, Pfizer, Sun and UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Janssen, Novartis, Merck, Pfizer, Roche and UCB, D. van der Heijde Consultant for: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boeringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Daiichi, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi and UCB, Employee of: Imaging Rheumatology BV

Background The MEASURE 1 core trial reported improved signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) with secukinumab, a fully human anti–interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody.1 Objectives To assess efficacy, including imaging outcomes, and safety from the MEASURE 1 extension trial (NCT01863732) up to 4 years. Methods Patients (pts) had completed 104 wks (2 years) in the core study with SC secukinumab 150 (IV→150 mg) or 75 mg (IV→75 mg) every 4 wks, following IV loading to Wk4, or placebo to Wk16/24. Efficacy data at Wk208 are reported for pts originally randomised to secukinumab 150 mg (approved dose). Lateral cervical and lumbar spine radiographs were assessed with the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS), and MRIs with the Berlin SI joint total oedema score and Berlin spine score (derived from ASspi-MRI-a results). Images were evaluated by 2 central readers blinded to treatment/visit; mean scores were used. Descriptive statistics on observed/imputed data are provided. Results Of the 274 pts enrolled in this extension study, 89.7% (78/87) originally assigned to secukinumab 150 mg completed 208 wks. Δ mSASSS (mean ±SD) from baseline (BL) to Wk208 was numerically lower with secukinumab 150 mg (1.2±3.91) vs 75 mg (1.7±4.70). No definite radiographic progression (Δ mSASSS from BL Conclusions Secukinumab 150 mg showed numerically lower radiographic progression vs 75 mg at 4 years. Secukinumab also demonstrated sustained efficacy on signs and symptoms, and MRI outcomes and a consistent safety profile.1 Reference [1] Braun J, et al. Ann Rheum Dis2017;76:1070–7. Disclosure of Interest X. Baraliakos Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Merck, Pfizer, UCB, Novartis, and Chugai, Consultant for: AbbVie, Merck, Pfizer, UCB, Novartis, and Chugai, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Merck, Pfizer, UCB, Novartis, and Chugai, J. Braun Grant/research support from: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB, Consultant for: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Cetocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie (Abbott), Amgen, BMS, Boehringer, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Chugai, EBEWE Pharma, Medac, MSD (Schering-Plough), Mundipharma, Novartis, Pfizer (Wyeth), Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and UCB, A. Deodhar Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant for: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, D. Poddubny Grant/research support from: AbbVie, MSD, Novartis, Consultant for: AbbVie, BMS, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, P. Emery Consultant for: AbbVie, BMS, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, E. Delicha Employee of: Novartis Pharma AG, Z. Talloczy Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, B. Porter Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation

Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a hematological disorder, which is often accompanied by abdominal pain syndrome and blood in stool, which is why it requires differential diagnosis with acute surgical pathology. The article presents clinical follow-up of a patient with hemorrhagic vasculitis complicated by intestinal intussusception and developed mesenteric thrombosis, which required emergency surgical intervention.

Energy exchange between closely packed semiconductor quantum dots allows for long-range transfer of electronic energy and enables new functionalities of nanostructured materials with a huge application potential in photonics, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics. This is illustrated by impressive advances of quantum-dot solids based on nanocrystals (NCs) of direct bandgap materials, where this effect has been firmly established. Regretfully, the (resonant) energy transfer in close-packed ensembles of NCs remains elusive for silicon the main material for electronic and photovoltaic industries. This is the subject of the present study in which we conclusively demonstrate this process taking place in dense dispersions of Si NCs in an SiO2 matrix. Using samples with different NC configurations, we can directly determine the wavelength dependent energy transfer rate and show that it (i) can be modulated by material parameters, and (ii) decreases with the NCs size, and thus being consistent with the energy flow proceeding from smaller to larger NCs. This result opens the way to new applications of Si NCs, requiring energy transport and extraction. In particular, it forms a fundamental step toward development of an excitonic all-Si solar cell, operating in some analogy to polymer devices. NanoNextNL info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

We present a strategy based on two-dimensional arrays of coupled linear optical resonators to investigate the two-body physics of interacting bosons in one-dimensional lattices. In particular, we want to address the bound pairs in topologically nontrivial Su-Schrieffer-Heeger arrays. Taking advantage of the driven-dissipative nature of the resonators, we propose spectroscopic protocols to detect and tomographically characterize bulk doublon bands and doublon edge states from the spatially resolved transmission spectra, and to highlight Feshbach resonance effects in two-body collision processes. We discuss the experimental feasibility using state-of-the-art devices, with a specific eye on arrays of semiconductor micropillar cavities., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

© 2018 The Author(s). We demonstrate experimentally the generation of sum-frequency signal and heralded photons with non-classical correlations via spontaneous parametric down-conversion in AlGaAs nanodisks.

Achieving efficient localization of white light at the nanoscale is a major challenge due to the diffraction limit, and nanoscale emitters generating light with a broadband spectrum require complicated engineering. Here we suggest a simple, yet highly efficient, nanoscale white-light source based on a hybrid Si/Au nanoparticle with ultrabroadband (1.3–3.4 eV) spectral characteristics. We incorporate this novel source into a scanning-probe microscope and observe broadband spectrum of photoluminescence that allows fast mapping of local optical response of advanced nanophotonic structures with submicron resolution, thus realizing ultrabroadband near-field nanospectroscopy.

Topological properties play a fundamental role in many physical phenomena. One of the examples from condensed matter physics is the recently discovered, novel, nontrivial phase of matter called topological insulators. Alternatively, photonics offer a unique platform for emulation of condensed matter systems in a simple and controllable way. Recently, there has been a burst of interest in exploring topological orders with photons, with the discovery of a new class of nontrivial states in photonic topological insulators. Here, we present our recent experimental and numerical results devoted to the observation of photonic topological edge states in electromagnetic structures.

© 2017 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. All rights reserved. We propose and demonstrate a new method for the characterization of nonlinear multimode integrated devices that reconstruct the biphoton state produced trough spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) using classical sum-frequency generation measurements. The proposed method is experimentally demonstrated by predicting the state generated from a multi-channel integrated nonlinear waveguide device.

All-dielectric and semiconductor nonlinear nanophotonics is an emerging field enabling efficient optical interactions between magnetic and electric resonances at sub-wavelength scales, thereby achieving high directionality and high figures of merit due to very low losses [1, 2]. It was shown that AlGaAs nanodisks with quadratic nonlinear susceptibility can provide second harmonic generation (SHG) with record-high efficiency of 10−4 [3], opening to a wide range of possible applications, including nonlinear microscopy and holography. In this work, we show experimentally that the strong quadratic nonlinearity in AlGaAs nano-disks allows efficient sum-frequency generation (SFG) with nontrivial polarization dependencies. By using the established classical-quantum analogy [4], we predict that these nano-resonators can facilitate efficient generation of quantum entangled photon pairs with higher than kHz biphoton rate and strong angular correlations.