Author: "Petrina A" / Topic: business.industry - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Intravenous supplementation type and volume are associated with 1-year outcome and major complications in patients with chronic intestinal failure

Author: Nuria Virgili, Konrad Matysiak, Cristina Cuerda, Henrik Højgaard Rasmussen, Florian Poullenot, Ronan Thibault, Umberto Aimasso, Amelia Jukes, Andre Dong Won Lee, Brooke Chapman, Geert J. A. Wanten, Simona Di Caro, Maryana Doitchinova-Simeonova, Alastair Forbes, Corrado Spaggiari, Ezra Steiger, Elena Nardi, Cécile Chambrier, Simon Lal, Paolo Orlandoni, Peter Sahin, Marina Taus, Mireille J. Serlie, Kinga Szczepanek, A. Crivelli, Nicola Wyer, Przemysław Matras, Lynn Jones, Carmen Garde, Gabriel Olveira, Marek Kunecki, José P. Suárez-Llanos, Francisca Joly, Ana Zugasti Murillo, Joanne Daniels, Loris Pironi, Zeljko Krznaric, Emma Osland, Sheldon C. Cooper, Stéphane M. Schneider, Sarah Jane Hughes, Lars Ellegård, Miriam Theilla, Luisa Masconale, Anna Zmarzly, Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga, André Van Gossum, Anna Simona Sasdelli, Lidia Santarpia, Nada Rotovnik Kozjek, Francesco William Guglielmi, Margie O'Callaghan, Charlene Compher, Estrella Petrina Jáuregui, Pironi, L., Steiger, E., Joly, F., Wanten, G. J. A., Chambrier, C., Aimasso, U., Sasdelli, A. S., Szczepanek, K., Jukes, A., Theilla, M., Kunecki, M., Daniels, J., Serlie, M. J., Cooper, S. C., Poullenot, F., Rasmussen, H. Ho., Compher, C. W., Crivelli, A., Hughes, S. -J., Santarpia, L., Guglielmi, F. W., Rotovnik Kozjek, N., Ellegard, L., Schneider, S. M., Matras, P., Forbes, A., Wyer, N., Zmarzly, A., Taus, M., O'Callaghan, M., Osland, E., Thibault, R., Cuerda, C., Jones, L., Chapman, B., Sahin, P., Virgili, N. M., Lee, A. D. W., Orlandoni, P., Matysiak, K., Di Caro, S., Doitchinova-Simeonova, M., Masconale, L., Spaggiari, C., Garde, C., Serralde-Zuniga, A. E., Olveira, G., Krznaric, Z., Petrina Jauregui, E., Zugasti Murillo, A., Suarez-Llanos, J. P., Nardi, E., Van Gossum, A., Lal, S., Pironi, Lori, Steiger, Ezra, Joly, Francisca, Wanten, Geert J A, Chambrier, Cecile, Aimasso, Umberto, Sasdelli, Anna Simona, Szczepanek, Kinga, Jukes, Amelia, Theilla, Miriam, Kunecki, Marek, Daniels, Joanne, Serlie, Mireille J, Cooper, Sheldon C, Poullenot, Florian, Rasmussen, Henrik Højgaard, Compher, Charlene W, Crivelli, Adriana, Hughes, Sarah-Jane, Santarpia, Lidia, Guglielmi, Francesco William, Rotovnik Kozjek, Nada, Ellegard, Lar, Schneider, Stéphane M, Matras, Przemysław, Forbes, Alastair, Wyer, Nicola, Zmarzly, Anna, Taus, Marina, O'Callaghan, Margie, Osland, Emma, Thibault, Ronan, Cuerda, Cristina, Jones, Lynn, Chapman, Brooke, Sahin, Peter, Virgili, Núria M, Lee, Andre Dong Won, Orlandoni, Paolo, Matysiak, Konrad, Di Caro, Simona, Doitchinova-Simeonova, Maryana, Masconale, Luisa, Spaggiari, Corrado, Garde, Carmen, Serralde-Zúñiga, Aurora E, Olveira, Gabriel, Krznaric, Zeljko, Petrina Jáuregui, Estrella, Zugasti Murillo, Ana, Suárez-Llanos, José P, Nardi, Elena, Van Gossum, André, Lal, Simon, University of Bologna, Cleveland Clinic, Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital Haut-Lévêque [CHU Bordeaux], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg [Göteborg], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Medical University of Lublin, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), University Hospital Coventry, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Austin Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Poznan University of Life Sciences (Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu) (PULS), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán - National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran [Mexico], University of Manchester [Manchester], European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN)., Endocrinology, AGEM - Endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Radboud University [Nijmegen], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Severity of Illness Index, Liver disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Dosage Calculations, motility disorder, 2. Zero hunger, Gastroenterology, Short bowel syndrome, 3. Good health, Chronic intestinal failure, Intestines, Pharmaceutical Solutions, Venous thrombosis, Intestinal obstruction, motility disorders, Administration, Intravenous, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Parenteral Nutrition, Home, Adult, Fat Emulsions, Intravenous, medicine.medical_specialty, parenteral nutrition, macromolecular substances, Clinical nutrition, short bowel syndrome, 03 medical and health sciences, Cholestasis, intestinal failure, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, liver failure, medicine.disease, Intestinal Diseases, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Parenteral nutrition, Alimentació parenteral, Intestinal Absorption, Catheter-Related Infections, Parenteral feeding, Chronic Disease, Obstrucció intestinal, Fluid Therapy, business, Body mass index
Abstract: Background and aimNo marker to categorise the severity of chronic intestinal failure (CIF) has been developed. A 1-year international survey was carried out to investigate whether the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism clinical classification of CIF, based on the type and volume of the intravenous supplementation (IVS), could be an indicator of CIF severity.MethodsAt baseline, participating home parenteral nutrition (HPN) centres enrolled all adults with ongoing CIF due to non-malignant disease; demographic data, body mass index, CIF mechanism, underlying disease, HPN duration and IVS category were recorded for each patient. The type of IVS was classified as fluid and electrolyte alone (FE) or parenteral nutrition admixture (PN). The mean daily IVS volume, calculated on a weekly basis, was categorised as 3 L/day. The severity of CIF was determined by patient outcome (still on HPN, weaned from HPN, deceased) and the occurrence of major HPN/CIF-related complications: intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), catheter-related venous thrombosis and catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI).ResultsFifty-one HPN centres included 2194 patients. The analysis showed that both IVS type and volume were independently associated with the odds of weaning from HPN (significantly higher for PN 1 L/day), patients’ death (lower for FE, p=0.079), presence of IFALD cholestasis/liver failure and occurrence of CRBSI (significantly higher for PN 2–3 and PN >3 L/day).ConclusionsThe type and volume of IVS required by patients with CIF could be indicators to categorise the severity of CIF in both clinical practice and research protocols.
Published: 2020

2. Idiopathic Aneurysms of the Ascending Aorta in the Mouse and Rat

Author: Ahamat Aboulmali, Bethany Balmer, Daniel Petkov, Alys Bradley, Daniel J. Patrick, Paul C. Howroyd, Petrina Rogerson, Gayle Hennig, Melissa Czajkowski, David A Rehagen, and Joshua H. Decker
Subjects: Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Inflammation, Toxicology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Pathogenesis, Mice, Aneurysm, medicine.artery, Adventitia, Ascending aorta, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Aorta, Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic, business.industry, Nonclinical safety, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Rats, medicine.anatomical_structure, cardiovascular system, Macroscopic Findings, medicine.symptom, business, Dilatation, Pathologic
Abstract: Aneurysms of the ascending aorta, unrelated to xenobiotic administration, are described in 5 rats and 2 mice in nonclinical safety studies conducted at Charles River Laboratories (CRL) sites over the past 10 years. The most prominent microscopic finding was focal dilation with disruption of the wall of the ascending aorta with chronic adventitial inflammation or fibroplasia. The pathogenesis of this finding is unknown. There were no associated macroscopic findings, clinical abnormalities, or vascular lesions elsewhere. The results of a search of historical control data from toxicology studies of 1 day to 72 weeks’ duration performed at CRL for aortic findings from 5900 mice and 23,662 rats are also reported. Aortic lesions are uncommon in mice and rats used in nonclinical safety studies, but toxicologic pathologists should be aware that aneurysms of the ascending aorta with fibroplasia and inflammation in the aortic wall and adventitia may occur spontaneously or iatrogenically, as they have the potential to impact interpretation in toxicology studies.
Published: 2021

3. Management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with 40% oral dextrose gel in near term at-risk infants to reduce intensive care need and promote breastfeeding

Author: Francesco Cavigioli, Gianluca Lista, Francesca Castoldi, Miriam Acunzo, Martina Manzalini, Fabio Meneghin, Petrina Bastrenta, Irene Daniele, and Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neonatal intensive care unit, Population, Breastfeeding, Administration, Oral, Hypoglycemia, Asymptomatic, 40% oral dextrose gel, RJ1-570, At-risk newborns, Patient Admission, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Intensive care, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Infusions, Intravenous, education, NICU admission, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Research, Neonatal hypoglycemia, Infant, Newborn, Historically Controlled Study, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Breast Feeding, Glucose, Intravenous glucose, Sweetening Agents, Asymptomatic Diseases, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Gels
Abstract: BackgroundNeonatal hypoglycemia is a common disorder especially in at-risk infants and it can be associated with poor long-term neurological outcomes. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested, from the implementation of breastfeeding to the glucose intravenous administration. Oral dextrose gel massaged into the infant’s inner cheek is a recent treatment option of asymptomatic hypoglycemia, after which oral feeding is encouraged. This approach seems to reduce the admission of infants to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) so favouring maternal bonding and breastfeeding success at discharge.MethodsIn our ward, we prospectively compared a group of near-term neonates, (Gr2,n = 308) at risk for hypoglycemia, treated with an innovative protocol based on the addition of 40% oral dextrose gel (Destrogel, Orsana®,Italy) administered by massaging gums and cheek with historical matching newborns (Gr1,n = 389) treated with a formerly used protocol, as control group. The primary outcome was occurrence of NICU admission and the requirement of intravenous glucose administration; while discharge with full breastfeeding was the secondary outcome.ResultsIn Gr1, 39/389 (10%) infants presented with asymptomatic hypoglycemia, 19/39 were transferred to the NICU, and 14/39 required intravenous glucose treatment. In Gr2, among the 30/308 infants with asymptomatic hypoglycemia managed according to the new protocol, 3/30 were transferred to the NICU and received intravenous glucose infusion. The mean duration of hospitalization respectively was 6.43 (± 6.36) and 3.73 ± 1.53 days (p p = 0.02). Considering Gr1 vs Gr2, the number of patients that were transferred to NICU was 19 (48.7%) vs 3 (10%) (p = 0.001) and the number of infants that needed intravenous glucose infusion was 14 (35.9%) vs 3 (10%) (p = 0.01), respectively.ConclusionsIn our population of near term infants, the introduction of 40% oral dextrose gel to the protocol, helped in the safe management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia and, at the same time, implemented breastfeeding.
Published: 2021

4. Antibióticos na clínica cirúrgica de animais de companhia: Revisão

Author: Leticia Leal de Oliveira and Petrina de Souza Vimieiro
Subjects: resistência, business.industry, antimicrobiano, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Medicine, General Medicine, Antimicrobial, business, cirurgia, Microbiology
Abstract: O sucesso do uso de antibióticos é algo estabelecido no tratamento e profilaxia de doenças, entretanto seus efeitos adversos ainda são negligenciados. O uso sem critério e a irracionalidade de antibióticos incentivam o aparecimento de bactérias resistentes, fator que está diretamente ligado com o aumento de tempo de internação de pacientes e gastos com tratamentos. Dessa forma, é importante enfatizar e preconizar métodos educativos que foquem em instruir a melhor maneira de escolher e utilizar os antibióticos em seus diferentes momentos de aplicabilidade. O objetivo desta revisão é revelar e atualizar termos e métodos do uso de antibióticos na medicina veterinária, principalmente, no âmbito da cirurgia de animais de companhia, projetando sua importância no contexto da saúde pública.
Published: 2021

5. Comparison of on Site versus Online Psycho Education Groups and Reducing Caregiver Burden

Author: Marianna Tsatali, Magdalini Tsolaki, Konstantina Karagiozi, Makri Marina, Petrina Margaritidou, Hippokratis Apostolidis, Thrasyvoulos Tsiatsos, and Tatiana Dimitriou
Subjects: Health (social science), Social Psychology, Depression, business.industry, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Psychological intervention, Beck Depression Inventory, COVID-19, Caregiver Burden, Caregiver burden, medicine.disease, Clinical Psychology, Caregivers, Intervention (counseling), Humans, Medicine, Dementia, Anxiety, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, Gerontology, Psychosocial, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Objectives: The purpose of this project was to comparatively assess the benefit from the effects of the online versus onsite psychoeducative interventions on caregivers' emotional burden, including their sense of burden, anxiety, and depression.Methods: Seventy-one caregivers of Patients with Dementia (PwD) were divided in two groups, the online versus the onsite, and participated in the 4-month psychoeducational group intervention. Psychosocial assessment was performed using Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and Zarit Burden Interview before and after the intervention.Results: No significant differences were found between the online and onsite groups in anxiety (p = .531), depression (p = .577) and sense of burden (p = .623) after the interventions. Both interventions showed significant reductions across emotional variables measured over the course of the treatment study and treatment interventions.Conclusions: Both online and onsite interventions are effective at improving emotional health as they reduce the level of anxiety, depression, and sense of caregiver burden.Clinical implications: The use of online psychoeducative interventions is indicative for use by clinicians who work with dementia caregivers as compared to the onsite ones. Therefore, they may be assumed as having significant utility in dementia caregivers, especially when being adapted during the recent confinement measures due to the coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19).
Published: 2021

6. Profiling Holiday Home Owners in Namibia

Author: Uwe Hermann, Petrina Haufiku-Makhubela, and Portia Sifolo
Subjects: holiday homes, HF5001-6182, business.industry, Geography, Planning and Development, Internet privacy, local resident, erongo region, TX901-946.5, Geography, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, tourism, Profiling (information science), Business, profiling, business, Hospitality industry. Hotels, clubs, restaurants, etc. Food service
Abstract: Holiday homes have been part of the tourism industry over a period of years, but there is little documented research regarding holiday home ownership, its value and impact in Namibia, therefore, the study is significant to this topic. The main aim behind this research study is to profile holiday homeowners and identify their motivation for purchasing these homes in Namibia. The results of the study focus on exploratory factor analysis which outlines four motivational factors and the correlation results to determine the demographic and psychological characteristics motivating the ownership of holiday homes. The study concluded that most holiday homes are owned by high income earners, who purchased these homes in coastal towns for the purpose of investment, income generation and recreation. The study thus recommends that these results be made available to policy planners and researchers in the local authorities and other stakeholders, in order to assist with the articulation of policies and the creation of a framework to monitor the sustainable growth of holiday home ownership that benefits the community.
Published: 2021

7. Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

Author: Obbina Abani, Ali Abbas, Fatima Abbas, Mustafa Abbas, Sadia Abbasi, Hakam Abbass, Alfie Abbott, Nabeel Abdallah, Ashraf Abdelaziz, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Bushra Abdelqader, David Abdo, Basir Abdul, Althaf Abdul Rasheed, Ajibode Abdulakeem, Rezan Abdul-Kadir, Amina Abdulle, Abdulfatahi Abdulmumeen, Rasheed Abdul-Raheem, Niyaz Abdulshukkoor, Kula Abdusamad, Yazeed Abed El Khaleq, Mai Abedalla, Abeer Ul Amna Abeer Ul Amna, Katrina Abernethy, Adebanke Aboaba, Hani Abo-Leyah, Ahmed Abou-Haggar, Mahmoud Abouibrahim, Miriam Abraham, Tizzy Abraham, Abraheem Abraheem, Judith Abrams, Hyacinth-John Abu, Ahmed Abu-Arafeh, Syed M Abubacker, Akata Abung, Yaa Aceampong, Amaka Achara, Devikumar Acharya, Sarah Acheampong, Janet Acheson, Andres Acosta, Catherine Acton, Jacqueline Adabie-Ankrah, Sara Adair, Fiona Adam, Matthew Adam, Huzaifa Adamali, Carol Adams, Charlotte Adams, Kate Adams, Lisa Adams, Richard Adams, Tim Adams, Kirsty Adcock, Jemaimah Addai, Ade Adebiyi, Ken Adegoke, Vicki Adell, Debo Ademokun, Sherna Adenwalla, Oluwasegun A Adesemoye, Emmanuel O Adewunmi, Joyce Adeyemi, Rina Adhikary, Gabrielle Adkins, Adnan Adnan, John Aeron-Thomas, Debbie Affleck, Dominic Affron, Carmel Afnan, Muhammad Afridi, Zainab A Aftab, Meenakshi Agarwal, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Agbo, Penny Agent, Sunil Aggarwal, Arameh Aghababaie, Shafana Ahamed Sadiq, Mohamed H Ahammed Nazeer, Humayun Ahmad, Mohammad Ahmad, Syed Ahmad, Asim Ahmed, Bilal Ahmed, Forizuddin Ahmed, Hamze Ahmed, Iram Ahmed, Irshad Ahmed, Khaled Ahmed, Liban Ahmed, Mahin Ahmed, Maria C Ahmed, Muhammad S Ahmed, Naseer Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Osama Ahmed, Rajia A Ahmed, Rizwan Ahmed, Saif Ahmed, Sammiya Ahmed, Sara Ahmed, Sophia Ahmed, Syed Ahmed, Syed Haris Ahmed, Roa Ahmed Ali, Sana Ahmed, Sana Ahmer, Dhiraj Ail, Mark Ainsworth, Giulia Airoldi, Myriam Aissa, Lindianne Aitken, Bini Ajay, Francis Ajeneye, Abdulakeem Ajibode, Ayesha Ajmi, Tahir Akbar, Naim Akhtar, Nasim Akhtar, Nauman Akhtar, Suha Akili, Oludoyinsola Akindolie, Yinka Akinfenwa, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Ibrahim Akinpelu, Olajide Akinwumiju, Olugbenro Aktinade, Ahmad Al Aaraj, Asma Al Balushi, Majd Al Dakhola, Aladdin Al Swaifi, Eslam Al-Abadi, Narendra Aladangady, Ayaz Alam, Sajid Alam, Abbas Al-Asadi, Karina Al-Asadi, Kyriaki Alatzoglou, Manaf Al-Bayati, Paul Albert, Lorraine Albon, Gemma Alcorn, Stephen Alcorn, Aggie Aldana, David Alderdice, Rayan Aldouri, Jonathan Aldridge, Nicolas Aldridge, Ana Alegria, Alison Alexander, John Alexander, Peter D G Alexander, Charlotte Alford, Julyan Al-Fori, Laith Alghazawi, Bahij Al-Hakim, Shams Al-Hity, Ali Ali, Asad Ali, Fawzia R Ali, Hoodo Ali, Jawad Ali, Mariam Ali, Mohammad Ali, Nayab Ali, Oudai Ali, Sabira Ali, Sakina Ali, Syed Ali, Abid Alina, Fine Aliyuda, Katrin Alizadeh, Maithem Al-Jibury, Saba Al-Juboori, Majid Al-Khalil, Moutaz Alkhusheh, Allameddine Allameddine, Fiona Allan, Rachel Allan, Alison Allanson, Robert Allcock, Beverley Allen, Eireann Allen, Jess Allen, Kerry Allen, Laura Allen, Louise Allen, Poppy Allen, Rebecca Allen, Sam Allen, Sharon Allen, Simon Allen, Kathryn Allison, Bethan Allman, Lynne Allsop, Hassan Al-Moasseb, Magda Al-Obaidi, Lina Alomari, Akram Al-Rabahi, Bahar Al-Ramadhani, Zayneb Al-Saadi, Inji Alshaer, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Warkaq Al-Shamkhani, Bashar Al-Sheklly, Sara Altaf, Mary Alvarez, Balaal Alyas, Maysaa Alzetani, Susan Amamou, Noor Amar, Sakkarai Ambalavanan, Sarah-Jayne Ambler, Robert Ambrogetti, Chris Ambrose, Amir Ameen, Kenneth Amenyah, Maria R Amezaga, Allison Amin, Amina Amin, Kanish Amin, Syed Amin, Tara Amin, Amjad Amjad, Neelma Amjad, Mariam Ammoun, Victoria Amosun, Khaled Amsha, Pugh Amy, Atul Anand, Rekha Anand, Samantha Anandappa, Julie Anderson, Kevin Anderson, Laura Anderson, Michelle Anderson, Nicola Anderson, Rachel Anderson, Rory Anderson, Wendy Anderson, Prematie Andreou, Angela Andrews, Antonette Andrews, Jill Andrews, Susan Andrews, Gregory Andrikopoulos, Kanayochukwu Aneke, Andrew Ang, Wan Wei Ang, Tammy Angel, Aramburo Angela, Paola Angelini, Lazarus Anguvaa, Oleg Anichtchik, Millicent Anim-Somuah, Krishnan Aniruddhan, Jessica Annett, Patrick J Anstey, Rebekah Anstey, Alpha Anthony, Aaron Anthony-Pillai, Philip Antill, Zhelyazkova Antonina, Varghese Anu, Muhammad Anwar, George Apostolides, Aristeidis Apostolopoulos, Sarah Appleby, Diane Appleyard, Maia Far Aquino, Bianca Araba, Samuel Aransiola, Mariana Araujo, Emily Arbon, Ann Archer, Denise Archer, Simon Archer, Christian Ardley, Ana-Maria Arias, Ryoki Arimoto, Charlotte Arkley, Charlotte Armah, Ilianna Armata, Adam Armitage, Ceri Armstrong, Maureen Armstrong, Sonia Armstrong, Sylvia Armstrong-Fisher, Philippa Armtrong, Heike Arndt, Clare Arnison-Newgass, David Arnold, Rachael Arnold, Sarah Arnott, Dhawal Arora, Kavan Arora, Pardeep Arora, Rishi Arora, Andrea Arroyo, Arslam Arter, Ayush Arya, Rita Arya, Denisa Asandei, Adeeba Asghar, Catherine Ashbrook-Raby, Glen Ashby, Helen Ashby, Jan Ashcroft, John Ashcroft, Samuel Ashcroft, Deborah Asher, Ayesha Ashfaq, Ben Ashford, Suhail Ashgar, Abdul Ashish, Sally Ashman-Flavell, Sundar Ashok, Abd-El-Aziz Ashour, Muhammad Z Ashraf, Saima Ashraf, Mohammad B Ashraq, Deborah Ashton, Susan Ashton, Andrew Ashworth, Rebecca Ashworth, Arshia Aslam, Harshini Asogan, Abigail Asquith, Atif Asrar, Omar Assaf, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Richard Athay-Hunt, Deborah Athorne, Billie Atkins, Christopher Atkins, Stacey Atkins, John Atkinson, Vicki Atkinson, Brygitta Atraskiewicz, Claire Atterbury, Abdul Ahmad Attia, Rita Atugonza, Paula Aubrey, Avinash Aujayeb, Aye Chan Thar Aung, Hnin Aung, Kyaw Thu Aung, Ni Aung, Yin Aung, Zaw Myo Aung, Emily Austin, Karen Austin, Abdusshakur Auwal, Miriam Avery, Joanne Avis, Georgina Aviss, Cristina Avram, Paula Avram, Gabriel Awadzi, Atia Awan, Aszad Aya, Eman Ayaz, Amanda Ayers, Jawwad Azam, Mohammed Azharuddin, Ghazala Aziz, N Aziz, Ali Azkoul, Ashaari Azman Shah, Giada Azzopardi, Hocine Azzoug, Fiyinfoluwa Babatunde, Melvin Babi, Babiker Babiker, Gayna Babington, Matthew Babirecki, Marta Babores, Adetona O Babs-Osibodu, Sammy Bacciarelli, Roudi Bachar, Gina Bacon, Jenny Bacon, Bibi Badal, Gurpreet R Badhan, Shreya Badhrinarayanan, Joseph P Bae, Sibel Bafekr Mishamandani, Alice Baggaley, Amy Baggott, Graham Bagley, Dinesh Bagmane, Lynsey Bagshaw, Kasra Bahadori, James Bailey, Katie Bailey, Lindsey Bailey, Liz Bailey, Morgan Bailey, Pippa Bailey, Sarah Bailey, Stephen Bailey, Hamish Baillie, J Kenneth Baillie, Jennifer Bain, Sanchia Baines, Vikram Bains, Aimi Baird, David Baird, Susan Baird, Tracy Baird, Yolanda Baird, Aiysha Bajandouh, Charles Baker, Emma Baker, Evelyn Baker, Johanne Baker, Josephine Baker, Kenneth Baker, Rebecca Baker, Terri-Anne Baker, Victoria Baker, Hugh Bakere, Nawar Bakerly, Michelle Baker-Moffatt, Nauman Bakhtiar, Panos Bakoulas, Julie Balaam, Niranjan Balachandran, Andrea Balan, Theodosios Balaskas, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Alison Balcombe, Alexander Baldwin, Ashley Baldwin, Caron Baldwin, Danielle Baldwin, Rebekah Baldwin-Jones, James Balfour, Gagan Bali, Sonya Balkee, Ceri Ball, Kasia Ballard, Amy Ballinger, Ismael Balluz, Craig Balmforth, Emese Balogh, Amir Baluwala, Gabby Bambridge, Alasdair Bamford, Amy Bamford, Peter Bamford, Adefunke Bamgboye, Elizabeth Bancroft, Hollie Bancroft, Tanya Bancroft, Joyce Banda, Krishna Bandaru, Srini Bandi, Nageswar Bandla, Somaditya Bandyopadhyam, Amit Banerjee, Millie Banerjee, Ritwik Banerjee, Harrison Banks, Lauren Banks, Luke Banks, Paul Banks, Oliver Bannister, Bharat Bansal, Robert Banthorpe, Laura Banton, Mariamma Baptist, Tanya Baqai, Ananya Mouli Baral, Desislava Baramova, Alex Barber, Russel Barber, Emma Barbon, Miriam Barbosa, Monica Barbosa, Jamie Barbour, Alexander Barclay, Claire Barclay, George Bardsley, Stephanie Bareford, Shahedal Bari, Amy Barker, Debbie Barker, Helen Barker, Joseph Barker, Leon Barker, Oliver Barker, Kerry Barker-Williams, Sinha Barkha, Juliana Barla, Gavin Barlow, Richard Barlow, Valerie Barlow, James Barnacle, Alex Barnard, Debi Barnes, Nicky Barnes, Theresa Barnes, Calum Barnetson, Amy Barnett, Matthew Barnett, Ashton Barnett-Vanes, William Barnsley, Andrew Barr, David Barr, Shaney Barratt, Manuella Barrera, Amy Barrett, Fiona Barrett, Jessica Barrett, Joe Barry, Jazz Bartholomew, Claire Bartlett, Georgina Bartlett, Greg Barton, Jill Barton, Lorna Barton, Rachael Barton, Rosaleen Baruah, Sonia Baryschpolec, Archana Bashyal, Betsy Basker, Ayten Basoglu, Gilda Bass, John Bassett, G Bassett, Chris Bassford, Pavinder Bassi, Betsy Bassis, Bengisu Bassoy, Victoria Bastion, Anupam Basumatary, Tristan Bate, Harry J Bateman, Ian Bateman, Kathryn Bateman, Vhairi Bateman, Eleanor Bates, Hayley Bates, Michelle Bates, Simon Bates, Sally Batham, Ana Batista, Amit Batla, Dushyant Batra, Donna Batty, Harry Batty, Thomas Batty, Peter Baughan, Miranda Baum, Carina Bautista, Fareha Bawa, Fatima S Bawani, Simon Bax, Lydia Baxter, Matt Baxter, Nicola Baxter, Zachary Baxter, Hannah Bayes, Charlotte Baylem, Lee Bayliss, Eileen Bays, Farid Bazari, Rohit Bazaz, Ahmad Bazli, Laura Beacham, Wendy Beadles, Philip Beak, Andy Beale, Kirk Beard, Jack Bearpark, Karen Beaumont, Dawn Beaumont-Jewell, Theresa Beaver, Sarah Beavis, Christy Beazley, Sarah Beck, Virginia Beckett, Rosie Beckitt, Heidi Beddall, Seonaid Beddows, Deborah Beeby, Gail Beech, Michelle Beecroft, Sally Beer, Jane Beety, Gabriela Bega, Alison Begg, Susan Begg, Sara Beghini, Ayesha Begum, Salman Begum, Selina Begum, Teresa Behan, Jasmine Beharry, Roya Behrouzi, Jon Beishon, Claire Beith, James Belcher, Holly Belfield, Katherine Belfield, Ajay Belgaumkar, Dina Bell, Gareth Bell, Gill Bell, Gillian Bell, Joshua Bell, Lauren Bell, Louise Bell, Nicholas Bell, Pippa Bell, Stephanie Bell, Jennifer L Bell, Jennifer Bellamu, Mary Bellamy, Arianna Bellini, Amanda Bellis, Fionn Bellis, Lesley Bendall, Naveena Benesh, Nicola Benetti, Leonie Benham, Guy Benison-Horner, Alexander Bennett, Ann Bennett, Caroline Bennett, Christopher Bennett, Gillian 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Cameron, Sheena Cameron, Christian Camm, Renee F D Cammack, Alison Campbell, Amy Campbell, Barbara Campbell, Bridget Campbell, Debbie Campbell, Helen Campbell, Hilary Campbell, Jonathan Campbell, Mark Campbell, Robyn Campbell, Wynny Campbell, Quentin Campbell Hewson, Julie Camsooksai, Ana Canabarro, Lisa Canclini, Shaula Mae Candido, Janie Candlish, Cielito Caneja, Johnathon Cann, Ruby Cannan, Emma Cannon, Michael Cannon, Petra Cannon, Vivienne Cannons, Jane Cantliff, Ben Caplin, Santino Capocci, Noemi Caponi, Angelika Capp, Anne Capps-Jenner, Thomas Capstick, Ishmael Carboo, Nuria Cardenas, Mary Cardwell, Rachel Carey, Simon Carley, Tammy Carlin, Andrew Carlton, Samantha Carmichael, Mandy Carnahan, Rebecca Carnegie, Charlotte Caroline, Emily Carpenter, Jodi Carpenter, David Carr, Sharon Carr, Anna Carrasco, Samantha Carrington, Zoe Carrington, Paul Carroll, Caroline Carron, Anne Carstairs, Jonathan Carter, Michael Carter, Moira Carter, Paul Carter, Penny Carter, Steven Carter, Simon 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Eric Chiang, Angela Chiapparino, Rosavic Chicano, Zviedzo A Chikwanha, Sam Chilcott, Phillipa Chimbo, KokWai Chin, Wen Jie Chin, Rumbidzai Chineka, Amol Chingale, Karen Chinn, Vashira Chiroma, Heather Chisem, Claire Chisenga, Ben Chisnall, Carolyn Chiswick, Sunder Chita, Nihil Chitalia, Matthew Chiu, Brenda Chivima, Catherine Chmiel, Soha Choi, Willy Choon Kon Yune, Vandana Choudhary, Sarah Choudhury, Bing-Lun Chow, Fateha Chowdhury, Mahibbur Chowdhury, Shahid Chowdhury, Victoria Christenssen, Peter Christian, Alexander Christides, Fiona Christie, Daniel Christmas, Thereza Christopherson, Mark Christy, Paris Chrysostomou, Yunli Chua, Shabs Chucha, Dip Chudgar, Richard Chudleigh, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Michael E Chukwu, Izu Chukwulobelu, Chi Y Chung, Ben Church, Elaine Church, Sara R Church, David Churchill, Nicole Cianci, Nick Ciccone, Paola Cicconi, Paola Cinardo, Zdenka Cipinova, Bessie Cipriano, Sarah Clamp, Melanie Clapham, Edel Clare, Sarbjit Clare, Andrew Clark, Charlotte Clark, Diane Clark, Felicity Clark, Gabrielle Clark, James Clark, Katherine Clark, Kaylea Clark, Louise Clark, Lucy Clark, Matthew Clark, Patricia Clark, Richard Clark, Thomas Clark, Wendy Clark, Zoe Clark, Andrea Clarke, Heather Clarke, Mark Clarke, Paul Clarke, Robert Clarke, Roseanne Clarke, Samantha Clarke, Sarah Clarke, Sheron Clarke, Tracy Clarke, Andrew Clarkson, Alleyna Claxton, Kate Clay, Elizabeth Clayton, Olivia Clayton, Jill Clayton-Smith, Chris Cleaver, Carlota Clemente de la Torre, Jayne Clements, Suzanne Clements, Francesca Clemons, Lee Clifford, Lynne Clifford, Rachael Clifford, Sarah Clifford, Amelia Clive, Jonathan Clouston, Samantha Clueit, Andrea Clyne, Michelle Coakley, Peter G L Coakley, Tony Coates, Kathryn Cobain, Alexandra Cochrane, Patricia Cochrane, Maeve Cockerell, Helen Cockerill, Shirley Cocks, Rachel Codling, Adam Coe, Samantha Coetzee, David Coey, Danielle Cohen, Jonathan Cohen, Oliver Cohen, Mike Cohn, Louise Coke, Olutoyin Coker, Nicholas Colbeck, Roghan 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Dearden, Alison Deary, Catherine Deas, Samuel Debbie, Gabor Debreceni, Vashist Deelchand, Matthew Deeley, Joanne Deery, Emmanuel Defever, Raji Dehulia, Max Deighton, Manuela Del Forno, Arnold Dela Rosa, Lisa Delaney, Amanda Dell, Carrie Demetriou, David DeMets, Jane Democratis, Jacqueline Denham, Emmanuelle Denis, Laura Denley, Craig Denmade, Kathy Dent, Martin Dent, Elise Denton, Tom Denwood, Nishigandh Deole, Darshita Depala, Maria Depante, Randle Derbyshire, Susan Dermody, Amisha Desai, Asmita Desai, Purav Desai, Sanjeev Deshpande, Vai Deshpande, Brendan Devine, Sirjana Devkota, Nicola Dewland, Prakash Dey, Vishal Dey, Rogin Deylami, Jazz Dhaliwal, Kevin Dhaliwal, Jas Dhalliwal, Mandeep Dhanda, Sundip Dhani, Amandeep Dhanoa, Mili Dhar, Devesh Dhasmana, Aman Dhesi, Ekanjali Dhillon, Reiss Dhillon, Pamela Diamond, Priya Dias, Stephanie Diaz, Kayleigh Diaz-Pratt, Debbie Dickerson, Pamela Dicks, Stuart Dickson, Julie Dijo, Sean Dillane, Sarah Diment, Paul Dimitri, Maria Dineen, ThaiHa Dinh, Tri Dinh, Alex Dipper, Laura Dirmantaite, Lisa Ditchfield, Sarah Diver, Lavanya Diwakar, Caroline Dixon, Giles Dixon, Stephen Dixon-Mould, Brice Djeugam, Petr Dlouhy, Laurence Dobbie, Marinela Dobranszky Oroian, Charlotte Dobson, Lee Dobson, Marie Docherty, David Dockrell, James Dodd, Jackie Dodds, Rebecca Dodds, Steve Dodds, Richi Dogra, Erin Doherty, Warren Doherty, Yumiko Doi, Iain Doig, Eleanor Doke, Daniel Dolan, Mark Dolman, Rozzie Dolman, Lisa Donald, Callum Donaldson, Christopher Donaldson, Denise Donaldson, Gillian Donaldson, Kate Donaldson, Joanne Donnachie, Christopher Donnelly, Eilish Donnelly, Ronan Donnelly, Aravindhan Donohoe, Gemma Donohoe, Bryan Donohue, Sinead Donton, Emma Dooks, Grainne Doran, Kane Dorey, Sharon Dorgan, Amanda Dornan, Moonira Dosani, Davinder Dosanjh, Paula Dospinescu, Katie Douglas, Jonathan Douse, Lucy Dowden, Michelle Dower, Kerry Dowling, Sud Dowling, Nicola Downer, Charlotte Downes, Rob Downes, Thomas Downes, Damian Downey, Philippa Downey, Robert Downey, Louise Downs, Simon Dowson, Cornel Dragan, Cristina Dragomir, Cristina Dragos, Maire Drain, Chelsea Drake, Victoria Drew, Olivia Drewett, Celine Driscoll, Helena Drogan, Nikki Drogman, Graham Drummond, Ronald Druyeh, Simon Drysdale, An Du Thinh, Hazel Dube, Judith Dube, Ophias Dube, Stephen Duberley, Hayley Duckles-Leech, Nicola Duff, Emma Duffield, Sam Duff-Miller, Helen Duffy, Lionel Dufour, Annette Duggan, Helen Duggan, Parveen Dugh, Janice Duignan, Mick Duley, Simon Dummer, Andrew Duncan, Christopher Duncan, Fullerton Duncan, Gregory Duncan, Stephanie Dundas, Alessia Dunn, Charlotte Dunn, Damian Dunn, Laura Dunn, Paul Dunn, Charlene Dunne, Karen Dunne, Fiona Dunning, Aidan Dunphy, Venkat Duraiswamy, Beatriz Duran, Ingrid DuRand, Steve Durgacharan, Natalie Duric, Alison Durie, Emily Durie, Hannah Durrington, Haris Duvnjak, Akshay Dwarakanath, Laasya Dwarakanath, Ellen Dwyer, Claudia Dyball, Lee Dyble, Kristyn Dyer, Harvey Dymond, Tom Dymond, Chris Eades, Laura 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Elliott, Toby Elliott, Annie Ellis, Ann-Marie Ellis, Christine Ellis, Kay Ellis, Kaytie Ellis, Tak-Yan Ellis, Yvette Ellis, Megan Ellison, Rahma Elmahdi, Einas Elmahi, Hannah-May Elmasry, Mohammed Elmi, Najla Elndari, Omer Elneima, Mohamed Elokl, Ahmed Elradi, Mohamed Elsaadany, Sally El-Sayeh, Hana El-Sbahi, Tarek Elsefi, Karim El-Shakankery, Robert Elshaw, Hosni El-Taweel, Sarah Elyoussfi, Jonathan Emberey, Jonathan R Emberson, John Emberton, Julian Emmanuel, Ingrid Emmerson, Michael Emms, Florence Emond, Marieke Emonts, Nicu Enachi, Angila Engden, Katy English, Emma Entwistle, Hene Enyi, Marios Erotocritou, Helen Escreet, Peter Eskander, Hanif Esmail, Lise Estcourt, Amy Evans, Brynach Evans, Chris Evans, Daren Evans, Debra Evans, Gail Evans, Gareth Evans, Jennifer Evans, Lisa Evans, Lynn Evans, Margaret Evans, Michelle Evans, Mim Evans, Morgan Evans, Ranoromanana Evans, Ryan Evans, Teriann Evans, Terry John Evans, Tony Eve, Caroline Everden, Serenydd Everden, Hayley Evison, Lynsey 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Susie Ferguson, Victoria Ferguson, Denzil Fernandes, Candida Fernandez, Eduardo Fernandez, Maria Fernandez, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Callum Jeevan Fernando, Ahmed Feroz, Pietro Ferranti, Thais Ferrari Gersogamo, Eleanor Ferrelly, Alexandra Ferrera, Emma Ferriman, Nicholas Fethers, Ben Field, Janet Field, Rebecca Field, Karen Fielder, Lindsey Fieldhouse, Andra Fielding, Julie Fielding, Len Fielding, Sarah Fielding, Asma Fikree, Sarah Ann Filson, Sarah Finbow, Debbie Finch, Joanne Finch, Laurie Finch, Joanne Finden, Natalie Fineman, Lauren Finlayson, Adam Finn, Joanne Finn, Clare Finney, Sofia Fiouni, Jo Fiquet, Dani Fisher, Emily Fisher, James Fisher, Neil Fisher, Meadow Fisher Crisp, Daniel Fishman, Krystofer Fishwick, Lorraine Fitzgerald, Chloe Fitzpatrick-Creamer, Jan Flaherty, Michael Flanagan, Charles Flanders, Cathy Flatters, Julie Fleming, Lucy Fleming, Paul Fleming, William Flesher, Alison Fletcher, Jonathan Fletcher, Lucy Fletcher, Simon Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Karen Flewitt, Christopher Flood, Ian Floodgate, Vincent Florence, Sharon Floyd, Kelly Flynn, Rachel Flynn, Sara Flynn, Claire Foden, Adama Fofana, Georgina Fogarty, Claire Foley, Paul Foley, Linda Folkes, Daniela Mock Font, Evodian Fonyonga, Aiwyne Foo, Jane Foo, Andrew Foot, Jayne Foot, Jane Forbes, Jamie Ford, Kathy Ford, Jennifer Foreman, Caroline Fornolles, Adam Forrest, Ellie Forsey, Miranda Forsey, Thomas Forshall, Elliot Forster, Julian Forton, Emily Foster, Joseph Foster, Rachel A Foster, Tracy Foster, Theodora Foukanelli, Angela Foulds, Ian Foulds, Folakemi Fowe, Emily Fowler, Robert Fowler, Stephen Fowler, Caroline Fox, Claire Fox, Daniel Fox, Heather Fox, Jonathan Fox, Lauren Fox, Natalie Fox, Olivia Fox, Simon Fox, Sarah-Jane Foxton, Yasin Fozdar, Rebecca Frake, Alex Francioni, Olesya Francis, Rebecca Francis, Sarah Francis, Theodora Francis-Bacon, Jason Frankcam, Helen Frankland, Gayle Franklin, Jessica Franklin, Darron Franks, Catherine Fraser, Laura Fraser, Sharon Frayling, Martyn Fredlund, Matthew Free, Carol Freeman, Elaine Freeman, Hannah Freeman, Nicola Freeman, Clare Freer, Ian Freestone, Eleanor French, Matthew Frise, Renate Fromson, Claire Froneman, Adam Frosh, John Frost, Victoria Frost, Oliver Froud, Rachel Frowd, Arun Fryatt, Jake Fryer, Janet Fu, Bridget Fuller, Liz Fuller, Neil Fuller, Tracy Fuller, Duncan Fullerton, Jenny Fullthorpe, Carrie Fung, Gayle Fung, Sarah Funnell, John Furness, Charlene Furtado, Andrew Fyfe, Nytianandan G, Elizabeth Gabbitas, Claire Gabriel, Diana Gabriel, Hadiza Gachi, Rose Gad, Joshua Gahir, Sarveen Gajebasia, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Zacharoula Galani, Christopher Gale, Hugo Gale, Rebecca Gale, Swetha Gali, Karen Galilee, Bernadette Gallagher, Jude Gallagher, Rosie Gallagher, William Gallagher, Joanne Galliford, Catherine Galloway, Chris Galloway, Emma Galloway, Jacqui Galloway, James Galloway, Laura Gamble, Liz Gamble, Brian Gammon, Jaikumar Ganapathi, Ramesh Ganapathy, Kaminiben Gandhi, Sarah Gandhi, Usha Ganesh, Abrar Gani, Emma-James Garden, Antoni D Gardener, Emma Gardiner, Jill Gardiner, Michael Gardiner, Phil Gardiner, Siobhan Gardiner, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Jonathan Gardner, Mark Garfield, Atul Garg, Nathan Garlick, Justin Garner, Lucie Garner, Zoe Garner, Kimberley Garnett, Robert Garney, Rosaline Garr, Michael Garstka, Peter Gartan, Florence Garty, Rachel Gascoyne, Hyeriju Gashau, Noha Gasmalseed, Michaela Gaspar, Aoife Gatenby, Erin Gaughan, Alok Gaurav, Mariana Gavrila, Jane Gaylard, Emma Gaywood, Catherine Geddie, Alison Geddis, Ian Gedge, Sarah Gee, Minerva Gellamucho, Karzan Gelly, Leila Gelmon, Sandra Gelves-Zapata, Gemma Genato, Susan Gent, Natalie Geoghegan, Chloe George, Sam George, Tina George, Simon Georges, Domonique Georgiou, Peter Gerard, Leigh Gerdes, Louise Germain, Helen Gerrish, Abel Getachew, Louise Gethin, Hisham Ghanayem, Amardeep Ghattaoraya, Anca Gherman, Alison Ghosh, Justin Ghosh, Sudhamay Ghosh, Sarra Giannopoulou, Malick Gibani, Andrew Gibb, Ben Gibbison, Kerry Gibbons, Alex Gibson, Bethan Gibson, Kimberley Gibson, Kirsty Gibson, Sian Gibson, Cat Gilbert, Jeanette Gilbert, Joanne Gilbert, Kayleigh Gilbert, Sean Gilchrist, Benjamin Giles, Mandy Gill, Rose Gill, Lynne Gill, Paul Gillen, Annelies Gillesen, Katherine Gillespie, Matt Gillespie, Elizabeth Gillham, Andrew Gillian, Deborah Gilliland, Robert Gillott, Danielle Gilmour, Kate Gilmour, Theodora Giokanini-Royal, Anna Gipson, Joanna Girling, Rhian Gisby, Angelena Gkioni, Aikaterini Gkoritsa, Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas, Amy Gladwell, James Glanville, Jessica Glasgow, Susannah Glasgow, Jon Glass, Lynn Glass, Sharon Glaysher, Lisa Gledhill, Ana Glennon, John Glover, Kyle Glover, Jan Glover Bengtsson, Chevanthy Gnanalingam, Julie Goddard, Wendy Goddard, Emily Godden, Jo Godden, Gillian Godding, Emma Godson, Gerry Gogarty, Sukanya Gogoi, Aiky Goh, Rebeca Goiriz, Sriya Gokaraju, Philip Gold, Raphael Goldacre, Arthur Goldsmith, Portia Goldsmith, Darren Gomersall, Lucia Gomez, Raquel 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Griffiths, Yvonne Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Steph Grigsby, Paul Grist, Stephen Grist, Evelina Grobovaite, Clarissa Grondin, Rachel Groome, Liliana Grosu, Jenny Grounds, Margaret Grout, Helen Grover, Jayne Groves, Neil Grubb, Julie Grundy, Francesca Guarino, Sharada Gudur, Sharazeq Guettari, Shivang Gulati, Vikas Gulia, Pumali Gunasekera, Malin Gunawardena, Kirun Gunganah, Jessica Gunn, Emma Gunter, Alok Gupta, Atul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Richa Gupta, Rishi Gupta, Tarun Gupta, Vineet Gupta, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Victoria Guratsky, Alvyda Gureviciute, Sambasivarao Gurram, Bhawana Gurung, Shraddha Gurung, Hazel Guth, Ruth Habibi, Berkin Hack, Pamela Hackney, Christian Hacon, Aiman Haddad, Denise Hadfield, Michalis Hadjiandreou, Nikolaos Hadjisavvas, Leah Hadzik, Anna Haestier, Nauman Hafiz, Rana Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, Javed Hafsa, Samantha Hagan, Jack W Hague, Rosemary Hague, Kate Haigh, Christina Haines, Scott Hainey, Morton Hair, Brigid Hairsine, Juraj Hajnik, Anne Haldeos, Writaja Halder, Jennie Hale, Carmel Halevy, Paul Halford, William Halford, Alistair Hall, Anthony Hall, Claire Hall, Elizabeth Hall, Emma Hall, Fiona Hall, Helen Hall, Jennifer Hall, Kathryn Hall, Bill Hall, Jan Hallas, Kyle Hallas, Charles Hallett, Becky-Lee Halls, Heather Halls, Maryam Hamdollah-Zadeh, Bilal Hameed, Imran Hamid, Mohamad Hamie, Bethany Hamilton, Fergus Hamilton, Leigh Hamilton, Nicola Hamilton, Ruth Hamlin, Eleanor Hamlyn, Beatrice Hammans, Shirley Hammersley, Kate Hammerton, Bev Hammond, Leah Hammond, Sara Hammond, Fiona Hammonds, Ibrahim Hamoodi, Karen Hampshire, Elizabeth Hampson, Jude Hampson, Lucy Hampson, Ozan Hanci, Ian Hancock, Sadiyah Hand, Jasmine Handford, Soran Handrean, Sarah Haney, Sheharyar Hanif, E Hanison, Alison Hanlon, Jennifer Hannah, Amy Hannington, Merhej Hannun, Aidan Hanrath, Anita Hanson, Jane Hanson, Kathryn Hanson, Steve Hanson, Helen Hanwell, Mazhar Ul Haq, Ala Haqiqi, Monjurul Haque, Lesley Harden, Zoe Harding, Simon Hardman, Joanna Hardy, Kumar Haresh, Rachel Harford, Beverley Hargadon, Carolyn Hargreaves, Emily Hargreaves, James Hargreaves, Alice Harin, Mohammed Haris, Edward Harlock, Sandra Harlow, Paula Harman, Tracy Harman, Mark Harmer, Muhammad A Haroon, Charlie Harper, Fiona Harper, Heather Harper, Melanie Harper, Peter Harper, Rosemary Harper, Sarah Harrhy, Sian Harrington, Yasmin Harrington-Davies, Jade Harris, Jess Harris, John Harris, Laura Harris, Marie-Clare Harris, Naomi Harris, Nichola Harris, Sophie Harris, Alex Harrison, David Harrison, Julie Harrison, Laura Harrison, Melanie Harrison, Rowan Harrison, Susie Harrison, Thomas Harrison, Wendy Harrison, Elizabeth Harrod, Ciaran Hart, Dominic Hart, Lisa Hartley, Rosemary Hartley, Ruth Hartley, Tom Hartley, William Hartrey, Phillipa Hartridge, Stuart Hartshorn, Heli Harvala, Alice Harvey, Angela Harvey, Max Harvey, Catherine Harwood, Helen Harwood, Brigitte Haselden, Kazi Hashem, Mohammed Hashimm, Tadaaki Hashimoto, Imranullah Hashmi, Sarah Haskins, Zena Haslam, Adil 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Hill, Phoebe Hill, Uta Hill, Annette Hilldrith, Elizabeth Hillerby, Catherine Hillman-Cooper, Elisabeth Hilton, Zoe Hilton, Sarah Hinch, Marcus Hinde, Andrew Hindle, Alice Hindmarsh, Paul Hine, Kim Hinshaw, Clare Hird, Alison Hirst, Jemma Hives, Benson Ho, Michaela Hoare, David Hobden, Gill Hobden, Maria Hobrok, Simon Hobson, Renate Hodge, Simon Hodge, Lesley Hodgen, Holly Hodgkins, Louise Hodgkinson, Sally Hodgkinson, David Hodgson, Helen Hodgson, Luke Hodgson, Sheila Hodgson, Gemma Hodkinson, Kenneth Hodson, Matthew Hogben, Lucy Hogg, Lee Hoggett, Abigail Holborow, Catherine Holbrook, Catherine Holden, Melinda Holden, Thomas Holder, Niels Holdhof, Hannah Holdsworth, Lisa Holland, Maureen Holland, Nicky Holland, Marie Hollands, Elizabeth Holliday, Nina Holling, Gillian Hollis, Laszlo Hollos, Linda Holloway, Simon Holloway, Marcus Hollyer, Amy Holman, Ann Holmes, Benjamin Holmes, Megan Holmes, Raphael Holmes, Rebecca Holmes, Kelly Holroyd, Caroline Holt, Lyndsey Holt, Siobhan Holt, Susie Holt, Alexandra Holyome, Marie Home, Toni Home, Renate Homewood, Kate Hong, Laura Hontoria del Hoyo, Clare Hooper, Sarah Hoosdally, Samantha Hope, Susan Hope, Bridget Hopkins, Peter W Horby, Stephanie Horler, Anil Hormis, Daniel Hornan, Nicola Hornby, Zoey Horne, Latoya Horsford, Megan Horsford, Mark Horsford, Valana Horsham, Alexander Horsley, Ashley Horsley, Elizabeth Horsley, Sarah Horton, Nicola Horton-Turner, Jane Hosea, Toby Hoskins, Muhammad S Hossain, Rashed Hossain, Leanne Hostler, Maxine Hough, Sarah Hough, Brittany Houghton, Catherine Houghton, Iain Houghton, Kathryn Houghton, Rebecca Houlihan, Angela Houston, Hamish Houston, Tawedzegwa Hove, Roseanna Hovvels, Lee How, Laura Howaniec, Laura Howard, Linda Howard, Lucy Howard, Sarah Howard, Stuart Howard, Richard Howard-Griffin, Alison Howarth, Diane Howarth, Serena Howe, Mark Howells, Lyn Howie, Kerry Howlett, Sophie Howlett, Joanne Hoyle, Josh Hrycaiczuk, Naing Zaya Htoon, Su Htwe, Ying Hu, Chiang Ooi Huah Huah, Abby Huckle, Shahzya Huda, Alison Hudak, Lisa Hudig, Alex Hudson, Cara Hudson, Heather Hudson, Peter Hudson, Oli Hudson, Alison Hufton, Connor Huggins, Alistair Hughes, Eithne Hughes, Emma Hughes, Gareth Hughes, Heather Hughes, Luke Hughes, Rachel Hughes, Rebecca Hughes, Samantha Hughes, Stephen Hughes, Vikki Hughes, Wesley Hughes, Lukas Huhn, Ching Hui, Ruth Hulbert, Diana Hull, Grace Hull, Robert Hull, Amanda Hulme, Peter Hulme, Wendy Hulse, George Hulston, Ryan Hum, Laura Humber, Megan Hume, Charlotte Humphrey, Ismay Humphreys, Alasdair Humphries, Joanne Humphries, Lena Hunold, Fiona Hunt, Kristen Hunt, Luke Hunt, Sophie Hunt, Al Hunter, Alexandra Hunter, Isobel Hunter, Karl Hunter, Neil Hunter, George Huntington, Elizabeth Hurditch, Cian Hurley, Katrina Hurley, Mohammed A Husain, Syeda Yusra Husaini, Coralie Huson, Afreen Hussain, Ibraar Hussain, Ifza Hussain, Mohammad Hussain, Muhammad Hussain, Reda Hussain, Sajid Hussain, Samia Hussain, Sanniah Hussain, Wasim Hussain, Yasmin Hussain, Mohammed Hussam El-Din, Raheem Hussein, Rebecca Hussey, Camille Hutchinson, Dorothy Hutchinson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, John Hutchinson, Claire Hutsby, Paula Hutton, Daniella Hydes, Jamie Hyde-Wyatt, Niamh Hynes, Megan Hyslop, Mazen Ibraheim, Abdalla Ibrahim, Ahmed Ibrahim, Asil Ibrahim, Mohamed Ibrahim, Monzeer Ibrahim, Wadah Ibrahim, Adetokunbo I Idowu, Muhammad Idrees, Hina Iftikhar, Mawara Iftikhar, Chukwuemeka Igwe, Mohammad Ijaz, Amaju Ikomi, Clare Iles, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Mary Ilsley, Lorna Ilves, La'ali Imam-Gutierrez, Christopher Imray, Alison Imtiaz, Haider Imtiaz, Claire Ingall, Jack Ingham, Julie Ingham, Rory Ingham, Tejas Ingle, Jennifer Inglis, Anne Ingram, Luke Ingram, Peter Inns, Ken Inweregbu, Andreea A Ionescu, Ana Ionita, Ilian P Iordanov, Anil Ipe, Adil Iqbal, Madiha Iqbal, Mohammed Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal Sait, Jane Ireland, Robert Irons, Mohannad Irshad, Muhammad S Irshad, Janice Irvine, Val Irvine, Pamela Irving, Robert Irving, Mina Ishak, Erica Isherwood, Aminul Islam, Abdurrahman Islim, Ali Ismail, Omar Ismail, Caroline Ison, M'hamedi Israa, Sharon Isralls, Ali Issa, Monica Ivan, Catrina Ivel, Chineze Ivenso, Ashleigh Ivy, Sophie Iwanikiw, Karen Ixer, Menaka Iyer, Mia Iyer, Calum Jack, Amanda Jackson, Anthony Jackson, Ben Jackson, Beth Jackson, Douglas Jackson, Ella Jackson, Hayley Jackson, Helen Jackson, Jane Jackson, Julie Jackson, Karin Jackson, Lauren Jackson, Melanie Jackson, Nicola Jackson, Shane Jackson, Sharon Jackson, Nikita Jacob, Patricia Jacob, Reni Jacob, Nicola Jacques, Terri-Lisa Jacques-Brown, Anisa Jafar, Daniel Jafferji, Ali Jaffery, Chandrashekar Jagadish, Vijay Jagannathan, Sam Jaggard, Mandeep Jagpal, Fernandez R Jaime, Neemisha Jain, Seema Jain, Susan Jain, Sanjay Jaiswal, Danyal Jajbhay, Thomas Jaki, Bintou Jallow, Yusuf Jaly, Sabine Jamal, Zeba Jamal, Yasmin Jameel, Albie James, Christie James, Kate James, Lee James, Linda James, Mark James, Nicholas James, Olivia James, Rebecca James, Ruth James, Tracy James, Jack Jameson, Aaron Jamison, Phoebe Jane, Azara Janmohamed, Sabrina Jansz, Deepa Japp, Lorraine Jappy, Victor Jardim, Catherine Jardine, Emma Jarnell, Ellie Jarvie, Ann Jarvis, Claire Jarvis, Lisa Jarvis, Rosina Jarvis, Patrycja Jastrzebska, Hafsa Javed, Mays Jawad, Lona Jawaheer, Kauky Jawaid, Anu Jayachandran, Dinakaran Jayachandran, Angelina Jayakumar, Deepak Jayaram, Ravi Jayaram, Geeshath Jayasekera, Thilina Jayatilleke, Abi Jayebalan, Saman Jeddi, Vandana Jeebun, Mohammad S Jeelani, Zeynab Jeewa, Emma Jefferson, Katie Jeffery, Helen Jeffrey, Jenni Jeffrey, Rachel Jeffrey, Sue Jeffrey, Nathan Jeffreys, Benjamin Jeffs, Debbie Jegede, Taylor Jemima, Ifan Jenkin, Alison Jenkins, Christopher Jenkins, David Jenkins, Elinor Jenkins, Sarah Jenkins, Sian Jenkins, Stephen Jenkins, Jacqui Jennings, Louise Jennings, Rebecca Jennings, Virginia Jennings, Ellen Jerome, Douglas Jerry, Ellen Jessup-Dunton, Jorge Antonio Jesus Silva, Champa Jetha, Kishan Jethwa, Jeby Jeyachandran, Visuvanathan Jeyakumar, Dharshana Jeyapalan, Shaman Jhanji, Khoo Jian, Zhixin Jiao, Laura Jimenez, Ana Jimenez Gil, Jithin Jith, Teishel Joefield, Navraj Johal, Karine Johannessen, Aisyah Johari, Annie John, Anu John, Navin John, Sarah John, Emma Johns, Margaret Johns, Anne-Marie Johnson, Antoinette Johnson, David Johnson, Emma Johnson, Gillian Johnson, Kathryn Johnson, Katie Johnson, Luke Johnson, Mark Johnson, Nelsonseelan Johnson, Oliver Johnson, Rachel Johnson, Tracy Johnson, Zoe Johnson, Claire Johnston, Janet Johnston, Laura Johnston, Susan Johnston, Victoria Johnston, Dawn Johnstone, Ed Johnstone, Janet Johnstone, Manohar Joishy, Adam Jones, Alistair Jones, Annabel Jones, Ben Jones, Bryony Jones, Carys Jones, Ceri Jones, Charlotte Jones, Christine E Jones, Debra Jones, Emily Jones, Gareth Jones, Geraldine Jones, Hazel Jones, Jac Jones, James Jones, Jamie Jones, Jessica Jones, Jonathon Jones, Julie Jones, Karen Jones, Kate E Jones, Kevin Jones, Laura Jones, Laura M Jones, Lorna Jones, Louise Jones, Mathew Jones, Nicola Jones, Paul Jones, Rhianna Jones, Ruth E Jones, Samantha Jones, Sophie Jones, Stefanie Jones, Steve Jones, Taya Jones, Tim Jones, Tracey Jones, Ramya Jonnalagadda, Rebecca Jordache, Annette Jose, Sanal Jose, Anna Joseph, Joseph Joseph, Rosane Joseph, Sibet Joseph, Dhaara Joshi, Mehul Joshi, Pratichi Joshi, Revati Joshi, Benz Josiah, Tiffany Joyce, Adriel Ju Wen Kwek, Edward Jude, Parminder Judge, Jessica Juhl, Sirisha Jujjavarapu, Mark Juniper, Edmund Juszczak, Deepthi Jyothish, Kasamu Kabiru Dawa, Mark Kacar, Katarina Kacinova, Nikhil Kadam, Rebecca Kahari, Gail Kakoullis, Azad Kala Bhushan, Richard JK Kalayi, Roobala Kaliannan Periyasami, Efthymia Kallistrou, Seika Kalsoom, Elisa Kam, John Kamara, Mohamed Kamara, Ajay Kamath, Prakash Kamath, Ravindra Kamath, Siddharth Arun Kamerkar, Nick Kametas, Musaiwale Kamfose, Arul Kandaswamy, Leia Kane, Osei Kankam, Thogulava Kannan, Abhinav Kant, Vikas Kapil, Ritoo Kapoor, Sonal Kapoor, Sourjya Kar, Janaka Kara, Vasita Kara, Marina Karakantza, Rona Kark, Nicholas Karunaratne, Natashja Kasianczuk, Vidya Kasipandian, Rizwan Kassam, Janarth Kathirgamachelvam, Victoria Katsande, Kulbinder Kaul, Daljit Kaur, Dervinder Kaur, Jasmin Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Satvinder Kaur, Zunaira Kausar, Mohammad AA Kawser, Andrea Kay, Sarah Kay, Jossy N Kayappurathu, Callum Kaye, Ahemd Kazeem, Naved Kazi, Sharon Kaznica, Samantha Kearley, Rachel Kearns, Nichola Kearsley, Joanne Keating, John Keating, Liza Keating, Elizabeth Keddie-Gray, Katie Keen, Natalie Keenan, Jonathan Kefas, Stephen Kegg, Laura Keith, Uzoamaka Keke, Tosin Kelani, Joanne Kellett, Jeremy Kellington, Alison Kelly, Conor Kelly, David Kelly, Diane Kelly, Dominic Kelly, Emma Kelly, Laura Kelly, Martin Kelly, Michael Kelly, Rosalind Kelly, Sinead Kelly, Stephen Kelly, Thomas Kelly, Mary Kelly-Baxter, Marketa Keltos, Timothy Kemp, Kelly Kemsley, Alexandra Kendall-Smith, Sarah Kennard, Ann Kennedy, Caroline Kennedy, James Kennedy, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Julia Kenny, Kelly Kent, Melanie Kent, Lynne Keogan, Alexander Keough, Clement Kerlin, A Kerr, Andrew Kerr, Maria Kerr, Caroline Kerrison, Anthony Kerry, Samantha Kershaw, Helen Kerslake, Ian Kerslake, Helen Kerss, Jocelyn Keshet-Price, Margaret Kevern, Georgina Keyte, Abdul Khadar, Ali Khalid, Muhammad U Khalid, Syed Khalid, Amir Khalil, Asma Khalil, Sijjad Khalil, Abubakar Khan, Ali Khan, Al-Imran Khan, Arham Khan, Asad Khan, Aurangzeb Khan, Burhan Khan, Camran Khan, Fatimah Khan, Kausik Khan, Malik Aamaz Khan, Marria Khan, Mehrunnisha Khan, Mohammad Khan, Mohammed Khan, Nayeem Khan, Omar Khan, Rahe Khan, Rahila Khan, Sabiya Khan, Shabana Khan, Shahul Khan, Shoaib Khan, Tasaduksultan Khan, Waseem Khan, Usman F Khatana, Jibran Khatri, Jyoti Khatri, Hafiza Khatun, Taslima Khatun, Mena Kheia, Jacyntha Khera, Htet Ei Khin, Najaf Khoja, Kiran Khokhar, Jayne Khorsandi, Chloe Khurana, Faith Kibutu, Andrew Kidd, Michelle Kidd, Joe Kidney, Shane Kidney, Will Kieffer, James Kilbane, Caroline Kilby, Eileen Killen, Susan Kilroy, Bomee Kim, Jee Whang Kim, Sarah Kimber, Andy King, Barbara King, Jennifer King, Kirsten King, Rachel King, Sarah King, Tony King, Victoria King, Emily King-Oakley, Laura Kingsmore, Andy King-Venables, Fiona Kinney, Sidra Kiran, Jeremy Kirk, Jodie Kirk, Daniel Kirkbride, Amy Kirkby, Ian Kirker, Emily Kirkham, Gemma Kirkman, Ursula Kirwan, Kelly Kislingbury, Toby Kitching, Laura Kitto, Lauren Kittridge, Sarah Klaczek, Frieder Kleemann, Susan Kmachia, Chris Knapp, Lucy Knibbs, Alicia Knight, Fraser Knight, Marian Knight, Sarah Knight, Steven Knight, Tom Knight, Ellen Knights, Jane Knights, Toby Knights, Martin Knolle, Carol Knott, Charlotte Knowles, Karen Knowles, Laurence Knowles, Emily Knox, Lucy Knox, Oliver Koch, Ronan Kodituwakku, Gouri Koduri, Aisha Koirata, Eirene Kolakaluri, Magdalena Kolodziej, Eirini Kolokouri, Keith Kolsteren, Samantha Kon, Niladri Konar, Mari Kononen, Athanasios Konstantinidis, Hui Fen Koo, Imogen Koopmans, Emmanuela Kopyj, Laura Korcierz, James Korolewicz, George Koshy, Chris Kosmidis, Jalpa Kotecha, Easwari Kothandaraman, Leonidas Koukouflis, Koushan Kouranloo, Rukhsana Kousar'c, Margarita Kousteni, Maja Kovac, Alex Kozak Eskenazia, Kestutis Krasauskas, Raghu Krishnamurthy, Vinodh Krishnamurthy, Manju Krishnan, Hari Krishnan, Suzanne Krizak, Sean Krupej, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Soren Kudsk-Iversen, Aurimas Kudzinskas, Chirag Kukadiya, Nainesha Kulkarni, Aditi Kumar, Mayur Kumar, Ramesh Kumar, Ravi Kumar, Rita Kumar, Rupa Kumar, Satish Kumar, Vimal Kumar, Arun Kundu, Heinke Kunst, Amit Kurani, Mohammed Kurdy, Rincy Kurian, Vimal Kurmars, Cameron Kuronen-Stewart, Ranganai S Kusangaya, Vlad Kushakovsky, Mandy Kuunal, Apexa Kuverji, Amma Kyei-Mensah, Thyra Kyere-Diabour, Moe Kyi, Nyan M Kyi, Laura Kyle, Karali-Tsilimpari Kyriaki, Julius Labao, Louise Lacey, Nikki Lack, Emma Ladlow, Heather Lafferty, Shondipon Laha, Sushil Lahane, Clement Lai, James Lai, Emma Laing, Robert Laing, Inez Laing-Faiers, Emily Laity, Michelle Lake, Nicki Lakeman, David Lalloo, Fiona Lalloo, Alison Lam, Fiona Lamb, Lucy Lamb, Thomas Lamb, Nick Lambe, Pauline Lambert, Claudia Lameirinhas, Mohammed KG Lami, Abigail Lamikanra, Holly Lamont, Michal Lamparski, Djillali Lamrani, Christine Lanaghan, Rebecca Lanaway, Ivone Lancona-Malcolm, Julia Lancut, Geraldine Landers, Martin J Landray, Matthew Lane, Nicholas Lane, Alidih Lang, Stephen Lang, Daniel Langer, Margaret Langley, Charles Langoya, Emily Langthorne, Taiya Large, Wojciech Lason, Anna Last, Scott Latham, John Latham-Mollart, Afzal Latheef, Darren Latimer, Nang Latt, Carly-Jane Lattimore, Dawn Lau, Eva Lau, Myra Laurenson, Hou Law, Jennifer Law, Jessica Law, Penny Law, Richard Law, Colin Lawler, Mark Lawley, Emma Lawrence, Jo Lawrence, Neil Lawrence, Ryan Lawrie, Jemima Lawson, Joanne Lawson, Louise Lawson, Rebecca Lawton, Michael Lay, Christine Laycock, Reina Layug, Maria Lazo, Vietland Le, Amelia Lea, William Lea, Ian Leadbitter, Thomas Leahy, Richard Lean, Lorna Leandro, Darren Leaning, Sandra Leason, Christina Leaver, Marie Anne Ledingham, Emma Lee, Hannah Lee, Irish Lee, Judith Lee, Sam Lee, Shi Han Lee, Simon Lee, Sindy Lee, Stephanie Lee, Tracey Lee, Xiang Lee, Diana Lees, Jennifer Lees, Helen Legge, Julian Leggett, Katie Leigh-Ellis, Kevan Leighton, Nicky Leitch, Eleni Lekoudis, Petula Lemessy, Nicholas Lemoine, Joana Lemos, Irina Lenchuk, Katy Leng, Katrina Lennon, Liz Lennon, Isabel Lentell, Kelly Leonard, Wen Leong, Nicky Leopold, Oskar Lepiarczyk, Isla Leslie, Eleni Lester, Joe Leung, Ullrich Leuschner, Emma Levell, Chris Levett, Alice Lewin, Michaela Lewin, Alison Lewis, David Lewis, Dee Lewis, Georgina Lewis, Gillian Lewis, Joanne Lewis, Joseph Lewis, Kathryn Lewis, Keir Lewis, Leon Lewis, Lisa Lewis, Marissa Lewis, Rob Lewis, Robert Lewis, Catherine Lewis-Clarke, Lorraine Lewis-Prosser, Katherine Lewiston, Adam Lewszuk, Penny Lewthwaite, Samantha Ley, Anna Li, Jenny Li, Angela Liao, Victoria Licence, David Lieberman, Susan Liebeschuetz, Nicky Lightfoot, Patrick Lillie, Ben Lim, Carys Lim, Ee Thong Lim, Ivy Lim, Terence Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Wilson Lim, James Limb, Usha Limbu, Christian Linares, Dermot Linden, Gabriella Lindergard, Kate Lindley, Charlotte Lindsay, Emily Lindsay, Max Lindsay, Helen Lindsay-Clarke, Mirella Ling, Claire Lingam, Linette Linkson, Mike Linney, Louise Linsell, Conrad Lippold, George Lipscomb, Karen Lipscomb, Laura Lipskis, Ana Lisboa, Evangeline Lister, Charlotte Little, Jeff Little, Sam Little, Xuedi Liu, Alexandra Liversidge, Jill Livingstone, Daniel K Llanera, Rhiannon Llewellyn, Martin Llewelyn, Adam Lloyd, Aimee Lloyd, Arwel Lloyd, Oliver Lloyd, Richard Lloyd, Su Lo, David Loader, Cristina Lobato, Maria Lobo-Clarke, Lydianne Lock, Sara Lock, Stephen Lock, Angela Locke, Jacqueline Locke, Thomas Locke, Teresa Lockett, Sandy Lockyer, Jeorghino Lodge, Terrence Lodge, Martina Lofthouse, Tracey Lofting, Heather Loftus, Meg Logan, Chloe Logue, Sook Yin Loh, Siddharth Lokanathan, Kaatje Lomme, Emily London, Gabriella Long, Natalie Long, Bev Longhurst, Mark Longshaw, Jennifer Lonnen, Caroline Lonsdale, Laura Looby, Ronda Loosley, Paola Lopez, Paula Lopez, Robert Lord, Stuart Lord, Laura Lordache, Kieron Loregnard, Catherine Lorenzen, Claire Lorimer, Francesco Loro, Rachel Lorusso, Eva Loutraris, Robert Loveless, Maxine Lovell, Angeliki Loverdou, Huw Lovett, Daniel Loveys, Andrew Low, Jen Mae Low, Alastair Lowe, Caroline Lowe, Catherine Lowe, Emily Lowe, Faye Lowe, Michael Lowe, Linda Lowrey, Richard Lowsby, Vicki Lowthorpe, Emma Loxley, Gamu Lubimbi, Alexandra Lubina Solomon, Georgia Lucas, Jacob Lucas, Alice Lucey, Olivia Lucey, Suzanne Luck, H Luke, Jane Luke, Hayley Lund, Apurva Lunia, Muriel Lunn, Ji Luo, Julia Lussier, Cindy Nisha Luximon, Elisa Ly, Barrie Lyell, Elisavet Lyka, Sarah Lymn, Audrey Lynas, Ceri Lynch, Daniel Lynch, Daniella Lynch, Stephen Lynch, Helen Lyon, Rea-Grace Maamari, Hannah Mabb, Louies Mabelin, Jessica Macaro, Angela Macauley, Kateryna Macconaill, Chloe Macdonald, Stuart MacDonald, Tania MacDonald, Claire Macfadyen, James G Macfarlane, Jill Macfarlane, Laura Macfarlane, Cara MacGuigan, Lisa MacInnes, Iain MacIntyre, Jill MacIntyre, Kirsten Mack, Callum Mackay, Euan Mackay, Laura Mackay, Alexander Mackenzie, Matt Mackenzie, Robert MacKenzie Ross, Ami Mackey, Patricia Mackey, Fiona Mackie, Robert Mackie, Carolyn Mackinlay, Claire Mackintosh, Katherine Mackintosh, Sheila MacLennan, Mary Joan MacLeod, Michael Macmahon, Andrew MacNair, Catherine Macphee, Iain Macpherson, Catriona Macrae, Allan MacRaild, Eilidh MacVean, Alannah Madden, Mary Madden, Norman Madeja, Karen Madgwick, Pradeep Madhivathanan, Madhavi Madhusudhana, Harriet Madiyiko, Alpha Madu, Lorraine Madziva, Marion Mafham, Nick Magee, Frederick Magezi, Tim Maggs, Negar Maghsoodi, Christopher Magier, Marios Magriplis, Kathryn Maguire, Natasha Mahabir, Subramanian Mahadevan-Bava, Anjanie Maharajh, Ajit Mahaveer, Bal Mahay, Kanta Mahay, Hibo Mahdi, Thushika Mahendiran, Siva Mahendran, Sarah Maher, Anistta Maheswaran, Shameera Maheswaran, Tina Maheswaran, Parisa Mahjoob-Afag, Ahmed Mahmood, Farhana Mahmood, Waheed Mahmood, Zahra Mahmood, Hager Mahmoud, Ewan Mahony, Luke Mair, Toluwani Majekdunmi, Kesson Majid, Rupert Major, Jaydip Majumdar, Mohammad KH Majumder, Stephen Makin, Marius Malanca, Hannah Malcolm, Flora Malein, Neeraj Malhan, Ayesha Malik, Gulshan Malik, Mohammed Maljk, Paul Mallett, Petrina Mallinder, Georgia Mallison, Louise Mallon, Edward Malone, Gracie Maloney, Edgar Malundas, Madhu Mamman, Irene Man, Kathy Man, Rossana Mancinelli, Marco Mancuso-Marcello, Tracy Manders, Lauren Manderson, Justin Mandeville, Roope Manhas, Carmen Maniero, Ravi Manikonda, Bobby Mann, Jonathan Manning, Lynne Mannion, Katherine Mansi, Katarina Manso, Dina Mansour, Isheunesu T Mapfunde, Predeesh Mappa, Hemant Maraj, Garikayi Marange, Lisa March, Clare Marchand, Neil Marcus, Maria Marecka, Gomathi Margabanthu, Jordi Margalef, Lavinia Margarit, Georgios Margaritopoulos, Mike Margarson, Fernandez M Maria del Rocio, Teresa Maria Pfyl, Victor Mariano, Helen Maria-Osborn, Ashleigh Maric, Grace Markham, John Markham, Maria Marks, Pamela Marks, Elisabeth Marouzet, Arran Marriott, Cheryl Marriott, Nemonie Marriott, Brian Marsden, Karen Marsden, Paul Marsden, Sarah Marsden, Tracy Marsden, Robyn Marsh, Adam Marshall, Andrew Marshall, Gail Marshall, Henry Marshall, Jaimie Marshall, James Marshall, Jenna Marshall, Nicola Marshall, Riley Marshall, Jennifer Marshall, Samantha Marston, Emmeline Martin, Hayley Martin, Hope Martin, Jane Martin, Karen Martin, Kate Martin, Laila Martin, Michael Martin, Noelia Martin, Tim Martin, Winston Martin, Sarah Martin, Tim Martindale, Marcus Martineau, Alexander Martinez, Lauren Martinez, Jose Carlos Martinez Garrido, Juan Martin-Lazaro, Olivia Martins, Lucas Martins Ferreira, Vijay Kumar Maruthamuthu, Gemma Maryan, Roman Mary-Genetu, Sam Maryosh, Vidan Masani, Diego Maseda, Sheila Mashate, Yasaman Mashhoudi, Al Mashta, Izhaq Masih, Sanna Masih, Nick Maskell, Perry Maskell, Matthew Masoli, Lynn Mason, Rebecca Mason, Richard Mason, Ruth Mason, Claire Mason, Mohammad Masood, Mohammad T Masood, Syed Masood, Syed SME Masood, Aaqib Masud, Lear Matapure, Cristina Matei, Ropafadzo Matewe, Manraj Matharu, Stephy Mathen, Alex Mather, Nicole Mather, Jonathan Mathers, Joanna Matheson, Amal Mathew, Anna Mathew, Moncy Mathew, Verghese Mathew, Caroline Mathews, Jesha Mathews, Kate Mathias, Marion Mathie, Darwin Matila, Wadzanai Matimba-Mupaya, Nashaba Matin, Elina Matisa, Max Matonhodze, Elijah Matovu, Jaysankar Mattappillil, Alison J Matthews, Heather Matthews, Helen Matthews, Sue Matthews, Gwynn Matthias, Fiona Maxton, Adam Maxwell, Gemma Maxwell, Veronica Maxwell, James May, Joanne May, Oliver May, Philippa May, Irving Mayanagao, Matthew Maycock, Graham Mayers, Lee Maynard, Shelley Mayor, Ibreaheim Mazen, Andrea Mazzella, Nyambura Mburu, Mercy Mbwembwe, Martyn McAdam, Eleanor McAleese, Helinor McAleese, Paul McAlinden, Audrey McAlpine, Graeme McAlpine, Jonathan McAndrew, Hamish McAuley, Sarah McAuliffe, Claire McBrearty, Carole McBride, Erin McBride, Michael McBuigan, James McBurney, Laura McCabe, Amanda McCairn, Martina McCalmont, Jake McCammon, Nicole McCammon, Conor McCann, Alexandra McCarrick, Brendan McCarron, Eoghan McCarthy, Michelle McCarthy, Natalie McCarthy, Sinead McCaughey, Gareth McChlery, Tara McClay, Beverley McClelland, Declan McClintock, Patricia McCormack, Jacqueline McCormick, Wendy McCormick, Paul McCourt, Jame McCrae, Sharon McCready, Allison McCreath, Gordan McCreath, Helen McCreedy, Louise McCreery, Iain J McCullagh, Josephine McCullagh, Liz McCullagh, Megan McCullagh, Conor McCullough, Katherine McCullough, Nicola McCullough, Sarah McCullough, Fiona McCurrach, Rory McDermott, Katharine McDevitt, Helen McDill, Basil McDonald, Claire McDonald, Debbie McDonald, Rob McDonald, Sam McDonald, Damhnaic McDonald, Rowan McDougall, Irene McEleavy, Julie McEnerney, Julie McEntee, Evanna McEvoy, Ruth McEwen, Margaret McFadden, Denise McFarland, Margaret McFarland, Rachel McFarland, Erin McGarry, Lorcan McGarvey, Margaret McGarvey, Clodagh McGettigan, Michael McGettrick, Christopher McGhee, Fiona McGill, Sarah McGinnity, Hannah McGivern, Neil McGlinchey, Phil McGlone, Deborah McGlynn, Claire McGoldrick, Clare McGoldrick, Elizabeth McGough, Margaret McGovern, Brendan McGrath, Amanda McGregor, Annemarie McGregor, Cathryn McGuinness, Heather McGuinness, Sean McGuire, Tara McHugh, Caroline McInnes, Neil McInnes, Karen McIntyre, Mhairi McIntyre, Carolyn McKay, Lorna McKay, Conor P McKeag, Madeleine McKee, Joseph McKeever, Shirley McKenna, Donogh McKeogh, Denise Mckeown, Caroline McKerr, Anthony M McKie, Claire Mckie, Laura Mckie, Gerard McKnight, Heather McLachlan, Andrew McLaren, Barbara McLaren, Nicola McLarty, Maria McLaughlin, James McLay, Mary McLeish, Tina McLennan, Lorna McLintock, Stewart McLure, Amanda McMahon, Anne 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Mollet, Malid Molloholli, Aoife Molloy, April Molloy, Linda Molloy, Andrew Molyneux, Tasnim Momoniat, Holly Monaghan, Josephine Monaghan, Krista Monaghan, Shiva Mongolu, Katelyn Monsell, Mahmoud Montasser, Alan Montgomery, Hugh Montgomery, Prebashan Moodley, Ian Moody, Margaret Moody, Nick Moody, Angela Moon, James Moon, Ji-Hye Moon, Maria Moon, May Moonan, Parvez Moondi, Alex Moore, Carly Moore, Christopher Moore, Davidjar Moore, Faye Moore, Gillian Moore, Hannah Moore, Judith Moore, Laura Moore, Sally Moore, Sonia Moore, Tracy Moore, Rachel Moores, Ed Morab, Jose Morales, Nuria Moramorell, Louise Moran, Grishma Moray, Jeronimo Moreno-Cuesta, Adam Morgan, Amy Morgan, Christine Morgan, Colin Morgan, Jackie Morgan, Lauren Morgan, Leila Morgan, Matthew Morgan, Patrick Morgan, Katie Morgan-Jones, Emily Morgan-Smith, Anna Morley, Thomas Morley, Wendy Morley, Anna Morris, Damian Morris, Fiona Morris, Helen Morris, Juliet Morris, Katie Morris, Laura Morris, Lucy Morris, Mary-Anne Morris, 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Nagarajan, Imrun Nagra, Deepak Nagra, Mina Naguib, Kirushthiga Naguleswaran, K Shonit Nagumantry, Kevin Naicker, Sarveshni Naidoo, Gireesha Naik, Rishi Naik, Samir Naik, Devu S Nair, Rajiv Nair, Tanushree Nair, Jay Naisbitt, Kerry Naismith, Sri Nallapareddy, Soum Nallapeta, Arumugan Nallasivan, Uttam Nanda, Aarti Nandani, Ali Raza Naqvi, Asadullah Naqvi, Sara Naqvi, Shruthi Narayan, Sophia Nasa, Dominic Nash, Nader Nasheed, Abdul Nasimudeen, Umer Nasir, Marwan Nassari, Tahir Nasser, Anushka Natajaran, Anuja Natarajan, Geetha Natarajan, Nalin Natarajan, Nikhila Natarajan, Rajkumar Natarajan, Noel Nathaniel, Mala Nathvani, Priyan Nathwani, George Nava, Neena Navaneetham, Jeya Navaratnam, Helen Navarra, Sadaf Naveed, John Navin, Khuteja Nawaz, Sarfaraz Nawaz, Shasta Nawaz, Bonilla Nayar, Suzanne Naylor, Moez Nayyar, Farrah Naz, Mobeena Naz, Salima Nazarali, Babak Nazari, S Nazir, Sehar Nazir, Dumisani Ncomanzi, Onyine Ndefo, Alan Neal, Elaine Neary, Mostafa Negmeldin, Paula Neill, Hector 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Patterson, Charlotte Patterson, Linda Patterson, Molly Patterson, Pauline Patterson, Robert Patterson, Daniel Paul, Janice Paul, Roshni Paul, Leigh Pauls, Stephane Paulus, Amelia Pavely, Susan Pavord, Brendan Payne, David Payne, Elizabeth Payne, Ruth Payne, Tammy Payne, Abby Peacock, Linda Peacock, Louise Peacock, Sarah Peacock, Henry Peake, Rupert Pearse, Andrew Pearson, Daniel Pearson, Harriet Pearson, Karen Pearson, Kirsty Pearson, Samuel A Pearson, Sandra Pearson, Alice Peasley, Hilary Peddie, Russell Peek, Claire Pegg, Suzannah Peglar, Benjamin H Peirce, Claire Pelham, Belinda Pelle, Abigail Pemberton, Melchizedek Penacerrada, Anthony Pender, Carmel Pendlebury, Jessica Pendlebury, Sarah Pendlebury, Rachel Penfold, William Penlington, Catherine Penman, Julie Penman, Rachel Penman, Justin Penner, Kristi Penney, Alistair Penny, James Penny, Justin Pepperell, Huw Peregrine, Adriana Pereira, Ana Pereira, Rita Pereira, Carlota Pereira Dias Alves, Parmi Perera, Elena Perez, Jane Perez, Tanaraj Perinpanathan, Lakshmi Periyasamy, Francesca Perkins, Rachel Perkins, Elizabeth Perritt, Alison Perry, Emily Perry, Meghan Perry, Terrie Perry, Thomas M Perumpral, Guilherme Pessoa-Amorim, Ruth Petch, Lionel Peter, Cecilia Peters, Craig Peters, Jayne Peters, Mark Peters, Steve Peters, Tim Peters, Remy Petersen, Alexandra Peterson, Leon Peto, Iulia Petras, Ilianna Petrou, Boyanka Petrova, Mirela Petrova, Paul Pfeffer, Mysore Phanish, Paul Phelan, Christopher Philbey, Jennifer Philbin, Neil Philips, Alex Phillips, Danielle Phillips, Dylan Phillips, Karen Phillips, Pat Phillips, Rachael Phillips, Katherine Philpott, Marie Phipps, Virach Phongsathorn, Mandeep Phull, Masroor M Phulpoto, Myat TT PI, Sara Pick, James Pickard, Charlotte Pickering, Gillian Pickering, Thomas Pickett, Hayleah Pickford, Joanna Pickles, Benjamin Pickwell-Smith, Natalia Pieniazek, Charlie Piercy, Angelo Pieris, Samia Pilgrim, Paul Anthony Pillai, Zoe Pilsworth, Heather Pinches, Stacey Pinches, Julia Pinder, Kirsty Pine, Muni Tejha Pinjala, Stefania Pintus, Graeme Piper, James Piper, Richard Pipes, Tasneem Pirani, Marcus Pittman, Sally Pitts, Nicolene Plaatjies, Aiden J Plant, Naomi Platt, Robert Pleass, Rutger Ploeg, Laura Plummer, Charles Plumptre, Jonathan Pobjoy, Tatiana Pogreban, Stephen Poku, David Poles, Rachel Pollard, Louisa Pollock, Oluwamayowa Poluyi, Gary John Polwarth, Fiona Pomery, Ponmurugan Ponnusamy, Suresh Ponnusamy, Aravind Ponnuswamy, Inês Ponte Bettencourt dos Reis, Suman Pooboni, Alice Poole, Christopher Poole, Lorraine Poole, Lynda Poole, Michele Poole, Sharon Poon, Tajinder Poonian, Ella Poppitt, Christopher Porada, David Porter, Jo Porter, Linda Porter, Ross Porter, Kelly Postlethwaite, Narayana Pothina, Priyadarshan Potla, Dorota Potoczna, Jason Pott, Alison Potter, Jean Potter, Kenzi Potter, Sarah Potter, Tracey Potter, Elspeth Potton, Joanne B Potts, Julie Potts, Kathryn Potts, Una Poultney, Katherine Poulton, Vanessa Poustie, Geneen Powell, James Powell, Jordan Powell, Deborah Power, Nick Power, Gillian Powter, Joseph Poxon, Robin Poyner, Vidushi Pradhan, Helena Prady, Aalekh Prasad, Krishna Prasad, Maanvi Prasad, Fredy Prasanth Raj, Sangeetha Prasath, Sindhuja Pratheepkumar, Anezka Pratley, Steven Pratt, David Preiss, Claire Prendergast, Lynn Prentice, Peter Prentice, Verity Prescott, Laura Presland, Catharine Prest, Stephen Preston, Martha Pretorius, Natalie Prevatt, Sandra Prew, Ashley Price, Carly Price, Claire Price, David Price, Elizabeth Price, Nathan Price, Vivien Price, Nicole Priddee, Anne Priest, Kate Priestley, Jimena Prieto, Lorraine Primrose, Clare Prince, Judith Prince, Laura Prince, Janet Pring, Shirley Pringle, Veronika Pristopan, Kelly Pritchard, Lucy Pritchard, Rhys Pritchard, Simon Pritchard, Verma Priyash, Andrew Procter, Clare Proctor, Rebecca Proudfoot, Ben Prudon, David Pryor, Solomon Pudi, Joanne Pugh, Lawrence Pugh, Mark T Pugh, Nichola Pugh, Richard Pugh, Veronika Puisa, Kirandip Punia, Saleel Punnilath Abdulsamad, Laura Purandare, Claire Purcell, Corrina Purdue, Bally Purewal, Molly Pursell, Gregory Purssord, Sarah Purvis, Kathryn Puxty, Zoe Puyrigaud, Michael Pynn, Tariq Qadeer, Mohammad Qayum, Corrine Quah, Sheena Quaid, Nathaniel Quail, Charlotte Quamina, Donna Quashie, Alice Quayle, Eleanor Quek, Siobhan Quenby, Xinyi Qui, Vanessa Quick, Julie Quigley, Juan-Carlos Quijano-Campos, Andrew Quinn, Tom Quinn, Amy Quirk, Quratulain Quratulain, Danya Qureshi, Ehsaan Qureshi, Hafiz Qureshi, Hasanain Qureshi, Khadija Qureshi, Nawaz Qureshi, Qurratulain Qurratulain, Saad Qutab, Muhammad S Rabbani, Syed Rabbani, Wayne Rabin, Simon Rabinowicz, Madalina Raceala, Raissa Rachman, Laura Rad, Jane Radford, Liz Radford, Jayachandran Radhakrishnan, Cecillia Rafique, Jethin Rafique, Muhammad Rafique, Ravi Ragatha, Aiswarya Raghunathan, Abigail Raguro, Shankho D Raha, Sana Rahama, Karen Rahilly, Faisal Rahim, Abdul H Rahimi, Haseena R Rahimi, Muhammad Rahman, Salim Ur Rahman, Sharon Rainey, Lenka Raisova, Arjun Raj, Pradeep Rajagopalan, Nithy Rajaiah, Arvind Rajasekaran, Aylur Rajasri, Thurkka Rajeswaran, Jyothi Rajeswary, Jeyanthy Rajkanna, Gayathri Rajmohan, Ruth Rallan, David Ralphs, Katherine Ralston, Maximilian Ralston, Matsa Ram, Balaji Ramabhadran, Fathima Ramali, Mohamed Ramali, Athimalaipet Ramanan, Shashikira Ramanna, Maheshi Ramasamy, Dhanishta Ramdin, Jozel Ramirez, Mylah Ramirez, Geshwin Ramnarain, Lidia Ramos, Shanthi Ramraj, Alex Ramshaw, Aleem Rana, Ghulam F Rana, Rehman Rana, Abby Rand, James Rand, Helen Randall, Harpal Randheva, Poonam Ranga, Manmeet Rangar, Harini Rangarajan, Sameer Ranjan, Poormina Ranka, Rajesh Rankhelawon, Haley Ranton, Anita Rao, Sandhya Rao, Sanjay Rao, Deepak Rao, Anuja Rasarathnam, Alia Rashid, Khalid Rashid, Simbisai Ratcliff, Sam Ratcliffe, Sophy Ratcliffe, Sanjeev Rath, Mohmad I Rather, Selina Rathore, Aravinden Ratnakumar, Jonathan Ratoff, Deepa Rattehalli, Jason Raw, Hywel Rawlins, Gautam Ray, Michelle Ray, Adam Raymond-White, Dana Raynard, Benjamin Rayner, Nicola Rayner, Amy Raynsford, Salman Razvi, Zarine Razvi, Kerry Read, Sarah Read, Ajay Reddy, Anvesh Reddy, Harsha Reddy, Radhika Reddy, Ravi Reddy, Aine Redfern-Walsh, Alex Redome, Joan Redome, Michelle Reece, Anna Reed, John Reed, Andrew Rees, Grace Rees, Ian Rees, James Rees, Martyn Rees, Sarah Rees, Stephanie Rees, Tabitha Rees, Fiona Regan, Karen Regan, Susan Regan, Kanchan Rege, Ahmed Rehan, A Rehman, Shoib Rehman, Zainab Rehman, Ada Reid, Andrew Reid, Jennifer Reid, Jeremy Reid, Sharon Reid, Mkyla Reilly, Robert Reilly, Shonagh Reilly, Christina Reith, Alda Remegoso, Dinakaran Rengan, Stephen Renshaw, Remya Renu Vattekkat, Henrik Reschreiter, Mark Revels, Glynis Rewitzky, Charles Reynard, Dominic Reynish, Peter Reynolds, Piero Reynolds, Jonathan Rhodes, Naghma Riaz, Emily Rice, Matthew Rice, Emily Rich, Mel Rich, Alison Richards, Debbie Richards, Emma Richards, Liz Richards, Patricia Richards, Suzanne Richards, Carol Richardson, Celia Richardson, Eric 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Louise Rowe-Leete, Benjamin Rowlands, Megan Rowley, Aparajita Roy, Subarna Roy, Anna Roynon-Reed, Sam Rozewicz, Alison Rudd, Anna Rudenko, Senthan Rudrakumar, Banu Rudran, Shannon Ruff, Prita Rughani, Sharon Rundell, Jeremy Rushmer, Rosemary Rushworth, Darren Rusk, Peter Russell, Richard Russell, Cristina Russo, Marieke Rutgers, Aidan Ryan, Brendan Ryan, Lucy Ryan, Matthew Ryan, Pat Ryan, Phil Ryan, Declan Ryan-Wakeling, Nick Rylance, M Saad, Javeson Sabale, Suganya Sabaretnam, Umar Sabat, Noman Sadiq, Emma Sadler, Maria-Isabel Saez-Garcia-Holloway, Ashiq Saffy, Beth Sage, Harkiran Sagoo, Sobia Sagrir, Rajnish Saha, Sian Saha, Nikhil Sahdev, Sarvjit Sahedra, Jagdeep Sahota, Nooria Said, Sreekanth Sakthi, Hikari Sakuri, Murthy Saladi, Abdul Salam, Sofiyat Salawu, Armorel Salberg, Erika Salciute, Gina Saleeb, Mumtaz Saleh, Hizni Salih, Laylan Salih, Sarah Salisbury, SiteEneye Saliu, Rustam Salman, Angela Salmon, Jenny Salmon, Nichola Salmons, Dario Salutous, Mfon Sam, Sally Sam, Tinashe 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Anand Shah, Bhavni Shah, Momin Shah, Neil Shah, Pallav Shah, Priyank Shah, Qasim Shah, Sarfaraz H Shah, Snehal Shah, Suraj Shah, Syed Shah, Wajid Shah, Saarma Shahad, Sousan Shahi, Sipan Shahnazari, Muhammad Shahzeb, Aisha Shaibu, Zara Shaida, Amina Y Shaikh, Maliha Shaikh, Rajit Shail, Mariya Shaji, Muhammad Shakeel, Korah Shalan, Nadia Shamim, Kazi Shams, Alison Shanahan, Thomas Shanahan, Shaminie Shanmugaranjan, Hamed Sharaf, Muhammad Sharafat, Asir Sharif, Ajay Sharma, Akhilesh Sharma, Ash Sharma, Bhawna Sharma, Mona Sharma, Ojasvi Sharma, Poonam Sharma, Rajeev Sharma, Sanjeev Sharma, Sarkhara Sharma, Shriv Sharma, Sonal Sharma, Alexander Sharp, Charles Sharp, Gemma Sharp, Paula Sharratt, Phoebe Sharratt, Katherine Sharrocks, Emma Sharrod, Christopher Shaw, Daisy Shaw, David Shaw, Deborah Shaw, Joanne Shaw, Jonathan Shaw, Lisa Shaw, Tomos G Shaw, Anna Shawcross, Jill Shawe, Lou Shayler, Khuram Shazad, Sophy Shedwell, Jonathan Sheffield, Zak Shehata, Arshiya Sheik, Asif Sheikh, 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Harriet Smith, Hazel Smith, Helen Smith, Jacky Smith, Janice Smith, Jessica Smith, Juliet Smith, Karen Smith, Kate Smith, Kathryn Smith, Katie Smith, Kelly Smith, Kerry Smith, Lara Smith, Linda Smith, Lisa Smith, Loren Smith, Maria Smith, Mel Smith, Oliver Smith, Rachel Smith, Rebecca Smith, Richard Smith, Ruth Smith, Sally Smith, Samantha Smith, Stacey Smith, Stephanie Smith, Susan Smith, Imogen Smith, John Smith, Gemma Smithson, Sue Smolen, Sara Smuts, Naoise Smyth, Annette Snell, David Snell, Luke Snell, Beng So, Michelle Soan, Toluleyi Sobande, Alberto Sobrino Diaz, Basit Sohail, Bina Sohail, Herminder Sohal, Roy Soiza, Mary Sokolowski, Olajumoke Solademi, Krishma Solanki, Babak Soleimani, Amanda Solesbury, Reanne Solly, Louise Solomon, Subash Somalanka, Chandrashekaraiah Somashekar, Raj Sonia, Shiu-Ching Soo, Deepti Sood, Pavandeep Soor, Germanda Soothill, Jennifer Soren, Youssef Sorour, Apina Sothinathan, Pragalathan Sothirajah, Najwa Soussi, Donna Southam, David Southern, Iain 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Lucy Turner, Marc Turner, Mark Turner, Patricia Turner, Ruth Turner, Sally Turner, Samantha Turner, Susan Turner, Victoria Turner, Sharon Turney, Jon Turvey, Conor Tweed, David Tweed, Rebecca Twemlow, Emma Twohey, Bhavya Tyagi, Vedang Tyagi, Abigail Tyer, Jayne Tyler, Jennifer Tyler, Alison Tyzack, Petros Tzavaras, Mohammad S Uddin, Ruhama Uddin, Ruzena Uddin, Salamat Ullah, Sana Ullah, Sanda Ullah, Athavan Umaipalan, Judith Umeadi, Akudo Umeh, Wilfred Umeojiako, Ben Ummat, Charlotte Underwood, Jonathan Underwood, Laura Unitt, Adam Unsworth, Jasvinder Uppal, Veerpal S Uppal, James Uprichard, Gerry Upson, Masood Ur Rasool, Alison Uriel, Sebastian Urruela, Hiromi Uru, Miranda Usher, Rebecca Usher, Alex UsherRea, Andrew Ustianowski, Jane Uttley, Linda C Vaccari, Uddhav Vaghela, Abhay Vaidya, Bernardas Valecka, Jennifer Valentine, Balan Valeria, Pramodh Vallabhaneni, Pedro Valle Vallines, Luke Vamplew, Ekaterini Vamvakiti, Joannis Vamvakopoulos, Maud van de Venne, Alex van der Meer, Nora van der Stelt, Joseph Vance-Daniel, Rama Vancheeswaran, Caryn Vander Riet, Samuel I Vandeyoon, Padma Vankayalapati, Piyush Vanmali, Chloe Vansomeren, William Van't Hoff, Sejal Vara, Kate Vardigans, Stehen J Vardy, Anu Varghese, Maria Varghese, William Varney, Giulia Varnier, Valeria Vasadi, Olivia Vass, Vimal Vasu, Vasanthi Vasudevan, Manu Vatish, Heloyes Vayalaman, Christopher Vaz, Niki Veale, Sachuda Veerasamy, Bar Velan, Swati Velankar, Luxmi Velauthar, Neyme Veli, Nicola Vella, Anitha Velusamy, Ian Venables, Mavi Venditti, David Veniard, Ramya Venkataramakrishnan, Richard Venn, Robert Venn, Lyn Ventilacion, Joanne Vere, Mark Veres, Stefania Vergnano, Will Verling, Amit Verma, Rachel Vernall, Britney Vernon, Mark Vertue, Jerik Verula, Natalie Vethanayagam, Lucy Veys, Carinna Vickers, Saji Victor, Jennifer Vidler, Wayne Vietri, Bavithra Vijayakumar, Vinod Warrier Vijayaraghavan Nalini, Brigita Vilcinskaite, Neringa Vilimiene, Sudharkar Vimalanathan, Lynn Vinall, Sylvia Vinay, Latha Vinayakarao, Rachel Vincent, Rosie Vincent, Pritpal Virdee, Emma Virgilio, Abdullah M Virk, Elisa Visentin, Jeyakumar Visuvanathan, Karunakaran Vithian, Sorice Vittoria, Elena Vlad, Ben Vlies, Alain Vuylsteke, Eleftheria Vyras, Richard Wach, Beverley Wadams, Susan Wadd, Natalia Waddington, Kirsten Wadsworth, Syed EI Wafa, Daniel Wagstaff, Lynda Wagstaff, Dalia Wahab, Zaroug Wahbi, Abiodun Waheed Adigun, Sawan Waidyanatha, Rachel Wake, Alice Wakefield, William Wakeford, Michelle Wakelin, Fiona Wakinshaw, Andrew Walden, Jane Walden, Lorna Walding, Alexandria Waldron, Gemma Walker, Harriet Walker, Ian Walker, Jasmine Walker, Kevin Walker, Kim Walker, Linda Walker, Marie T Walker, Olivia Walker, Rachel Walker, Rebecca Walker, Susan Walker, Derek Wallbank, Rebecca Wallbutton, Jessica Wallen, Karl Wallendszus, Arabella Waller, Fiona Waller, Rosemary Waller, Gabiel Wallis, Gabriel Wallis, Louise Wallis, Donna Walsh, Elizabeth Walsh, Livia Walsh, Deborah Walstow, Daniel Walter, Alex Walters, Holt Walters, James Walters, Jocelyn Walters, Eileen Walton, Lucy Walton, Olivia Walton, Sharon Walton, Susan Walton, Mandy Wan, Thin Wan, Mary Wands, Rachel Wane, Frank Wang, Nick Wang, Ran Wang, Deborah Warbrick, Samantha Warburton, Deborah Ward, Emma Ward, Joanna Ward, Karen Ward, Luke Ward, Nicola Ward, Rachael Ward, Rebecca Ward, Thomas Ward, Tom Ward, Scott A Warden, Adele Wardle, Karen Wardle, Steve Wardle, Hassan Wardy, Scott Waring, Jenny Warmington, Ben Warner, Christian Warner, Lewis Warnock, Sarah Warran, Jade Warren, Lisa Warren, Yolanda Warren, Hannah Warren-Miell, Gill Warwick, Charlotte Washington, Helen Wassall, Hazel J Watchorn, Holly Waterfall, Abby Waters, Donald Waters, Mark Waterstone, Catherine Watkins, Catrin Watkins, Eleanor Watkins, Karen Watkins, Lynn Watkins, Nick Watkins, Abigail Watson, Adam JR Watson, Ekaterina Watson, Eleanor Watson, Paul Watson, Rebecca Watson, Robert Watson, Sandra Watson, Malcolm Watters, Donna Watterson, Daniel Watts, John Watts, Merlin Watts, Victoria Waugh, Emma Wayman, Akhlaq Wazir, Mark Weatherhead, Nick Weatherly, Paul Weaver, Hayley Webb, Kathryn Webb, Kylie Webb, Stephen Webb, Cheryl Websdale, Deborah Webster, Ian Webster, Tim Webster, Kathleen Wedgeworth, Ling Wee, Rebecca Weerakoon, Thanuja Weerasinghe, Janaka Weeratunga, Maria Weetman, Shuying Wei, Immo Weichert, Hugh Welch, James Welch, Leanne Welch, Steven Welch, Samantha Weller, Lucy Wellings, Brian Wells, Susan Wellstead, Berni Welsh, Richard Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Rachael Welton, Lauren Wentworth, Kate Wesseldine, James Wesson, Jim Wesson, Adam West, Magdelena West, Raha West, Ruth West, Sophie West, Luke Western, Ruth Westhead, Heather Weston, Alice Westwood, Bill Wetherill, Sharon Wheaver, Helen Wheeler, Ben Whelan, Matthew Whelband, Amanda Whileman, Alison Whitcher, Abbie White, Andrew White, Benjamin White, Christopher White, Duncan White, Emily White, James White, Jonathan White, Katie White, Marie White, Nick White, Sarah White, Sonia White, Stephen White, Tracey White, Catherine Whitehead, Anne Whitehouse, Claire Whitehouse, Tony Whitehouse, Julia Whiteley, Sophie Whiteley, Victoria Whiteside, Drew Whitley, Kaitlyn Whitley, Gabriel Whitlingum, David Whitmore, Elizabeth Whittaker, Lindsay Whittam, Andrew Whittingham Hirst, Ashley Whittington, Helen Whittle, Robert Whittle, Suzanne Whyte, Eunice Wiafe, Lou Wiblin, John Widdrington, Jason Wieboldt, Hannah Wieringa, Cornelia Wiesender, Laura Wiffen, Andrew Wight, Christopher Wignall, Danielle Wilcock, Emma Wilcock, Louise Wilcox, Laura Wild, Stephen Wild, Michael Wilde, Peter Wilding, Ritchie Wildman, Tracey Wildsmith, Joe Wileman, Donna Wiles, Joy Wiles, Kate Wiles, Elva Wilhelmsen, Thomas Wiliams, Chloe Wilkes, Janet Wilkie, David Wilkin, Hannah Wilkins, Joy Wilkins, Suzanne Wilkins, Helen Wilkinson, Holly Wilkinson, Iain Wilkinson, Lesley Wilkinson, Martin Wilkinson, Nicola Wilkinson, Sophia Wilkinson, Susan Wilkinson, Tim Wilkinson, Sylvia Willetts, Aimee Williams, Alexandra Williams, Alison Williams, Angharad Williams, Ava Williams, Carl Williams, Caroline V Williams, Claire Williams, Dewi Williams, Gail Williams, Gemma Williams, Gina Williams, Hannah Williams, James Williams, Jayne Williams, Jennie Williams, John Williams, Joseph Williams, Karen Williams, Kathryn Williams, Marie Williams, Matthew Williams, Patricia Williams, Penny Williams, Rachael Williams, Rupert Williams, Samson Williams, Sarah Williams, Sophie Williams, Tamanna Williams, Annie Williamson, Cath Williamson, Catherine Williamson, Dawn Williamson, James D Williamson, Rachel Williamson, Helen Williamson, Bruce Willian, Elizabeth Willis, Emily Willis, Heather Willis, Herika Willis, Joanna Willis, Laura Willmott, Louise Wills, Lucy Willsher, Catherine Willshire, Francesca Willson, Alison Wilson, Andrea Wilson, Antoinette Wilson, Billy Wilson, Catherine Wilson, Eve Wilson, James Wilson, Karen Wilson, Kate Wilson, Lucinda Wilson, Mark Wilson, Matthew Wilson, Toni Wilson, Evie Wiltsher, Marlar Win, Tin Win, Wut Yee Win Win, Lucinda Winckworth, Laura Winder, Piers Winder, Phillip Windrum, Kerry Winham-Whyte, Helen Winmill, Simon Winn, Carmen Winpenny, Helen Winslow, Helen Winter, Jonathan Winter, Pascal Winter, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Stephen Wisdom, Matthew Wise, Martin Wiselka, Rebecca Wiseman, Sophie Wiseman, Steven Wishart, Holly Wissett, Eric Witele, Nicholas Withers, Janet Wittes, Donna Wixted, Therese Wodehouse, Will Wolf, Nicola Wolff, Kirsten Wolffsohn, Rebecca Wolf-Roberts, Magda Wolna, Elena Wolodimeroff, Adam Wolstencroft, Alan Wong, Charlotte Wong, Chi-Hung Wong, Edwin Wong, Jessica Sue Yi Wong, Kit Y Wong, Lee Wong, Mei Yin Wong, Nick Wong, Sam Wong, Yun Man Wong, Amanda Wood, Caroline Wood, Carrie Anne Wood, Dianne Wood, Fiona Wood, Hannah Wood, Jennifer Wood, Joe Wood, Julia Wood, Kathryn Wood, Lisa Wood, Louise Wood, Michelle Wood, Stephen Wood, Tracy Wood, Ursula Wood, Katharine Woodall, Rebecca Woodfield, Christopher Woodford, Elizabeth Woodford, Jill Woodford, Luke Woodford, Louise Woodhead, Timothy Woodhead, Philip Woodland, Marc Woodman, Debra Woods, Jane Woods, Katherine Woods, Sarah Woods, Zoe Woodward, Rachel Wookey, Megan Woolcock, Gemma Wooldridge, Rebecca Woolf, Chris Woollard, Christopher Woollard, Louisa Woollen, Emma Woolley, Jade Woolley, Daniel Woosey, Dan Wootton, Joanne Wootton, Daniel Worley, Stephy Worton, Jonathan Wraight, Maria Wray, Tim Wreford-Bush, Joanne Wren, Kim Wren, Lynn Wren, Caroline Wrey Brown, Catherine Wright, Demi Wright, Francesca Wright, Imogen Wright, Lee Wright, Lianne Wright, Pete Wright, Rachel Wright, Rebecca Wright, Stephanie Wright, Tim Wright, Caroline Wroe, Hannah Wroe, Henry Wu, Peishan Wu, Pensee Wu, Jonathan Wubetu, Retno Wulandari, Craig Wyatt, Frederick Wyn-Griffiths, Inez Wynter, Bindhu Xavier, Arnold Xhikola, Zhongyang Xia, Huiyuan Xiao, Masseh Yakubi, May Yan, Freda Yang, Yingjia Yang, Michael Yanney, Woei Lin Yap, Nabil Yaqoob, Naairah Yaqub, Salima Yasmin, Bryan Yates, David Yates, Edward Yates, Helen Yates, Julie Yates, Mark Yates, Charlotte Yearwood Martin, Andrew Yeatman, Khin Yein, Fiona Yelnoorkar, Peter Yew, Kawai Yip, Laura Ylquimiche, Laura Ylquimiche Melly, Inez Ynter, H Yong, Jemma Yorke, Jasmine Youens, Abdel Younes Ibrahim, Eoin Young, Gail Young, Louise Young, Richard Young, Asfand Yousafzar, Sajeda Youssouf, Ahmed Yousuf, Chrissie Yu, Bernard Yung, Daniel Yusef, Said Yusef, Intekhab Yusuf, Anna-Sophia Zafar, Silvia Zagalo, Su Zaher, Aqsa Zahoor, Kareem Zaki, Nabhan Zakir, Kasia Zalewska, Ane Zamalloa, Mohsin Zaman, Raisa Zaman, Shakir Zaman, Julie Zamikula, Louise Zammit, Marie Zammit-Mangion, Lynn Zarb, Esther Zebracki, Daniel Zehnder, Lisa Zeidan, Marian Zelman, Xiaobei Zhao, Dongling Zheng, Doreen Zhu, Madiha Zia, Omar Zibdeh, Rabia Zill-E-Huma, Ei Thankt Zin, Veronica Zindonda, Eleanor Zinkin, Vivian Zinyemba, Christos Zipitis, Arkadiusz Zmierczak, Azam Zubir, Roslin Zuha, Naz Zuhra, Rasha Zulaikha, Sabrina Zulfikar, Carol Zullo, Ana Zuriaga-Alvaro, Will Zuurbier, Sheba Zyengi, and University of St Andrews. School of Medicine
Subjects: Male, Convalescent plasma, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Antibodies, Viral, Rate ratio, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, Medicine, Hospital Mortality, 030212 general & internal medicine, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Aged, 80 and over, Medicine(all), Mortality rate, Covid19, Articles, 3rd-DAS, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Hospitals, Treatment Outcome, Female, Open label, Coronavirus Infections, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, RM, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, In patient, Pandemics, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Aged, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Significant difference, Immunization, Passive, COVID-19, Length of Stay, NIS, R1, Respiration, Artificial, United Kingdom, RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RECOVERY Collaborative Group, business
Abstract: Background: Many patients with COVID-19 have been treated with plasma containing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of convalescent plasma therapy in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) is assessing several possible treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 177 NHS hospitals from across the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either usual care alone (usual care group) or usual care plus high-titre convalescent plasma (convalescent plasma group). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality, analysed on an intention-to-treat basis. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936. Findings: Between May 28, 2020, and Jan 15, 2021, 11558 (71%) of 16287 patients enrolled in RECOVERY were eligible to receive convalescent plasma and were assigned to either the convalescent plasma group or the usual care group. There was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between the two groups: 1399 (24%) of 5795 patients in the convalescent plasma group and 1408 (24%) of 5763 patients in the usual care group died within 28 days (rate ratio 1·00, 95% CI 0·93–1·07; p=0·95). The 28-day mortality rate ratio was similar in all prespecified subgroups of patients, including in those patients without detectable SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at randomisation. Allocation to convalescent plasma had no significant effect on the proportion of patients discharged from hospital within 28 days (3832 [66%] patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 3822 [66%] patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·94–1·03; p=0·57). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at randomisation, there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients meeting the composite endpoint of progression to invasive mechanical ventilation or death (1568 [29%] of 5493 patients in the convalescent plasma group vs 1568 [29%] of 5448 patients in the usual care group; rate ratio 0·99, 95% CI 0·93–1·05; p=0·79). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised with COVID-19, high-titre convalescent plasma did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute of Health Research.
Published: 2021

8. Study protocol: a pilot quasi-experimental trial of tele-rehabilitation and tele-drain care post-mastectomy

Author: Gladys Yu Hui Teng, Miho Asano, Yee Sien Ng, May Leng Mabel Tan, Benita Kiat Tee Tan, Petrina Li Ling Liew, Preetha Madhukumar, Gerald Choon-Huat Koh, and Saraswathi Nagalingam
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine (miscellaneous), Study Protocol, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality of life (healthcare), Tele-rehabilitation, Breast cancer, Post mastectomy, Health care, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Protocol (science), lcsh:R5-920, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Pilot trial, medicine.disease, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Physical therapy, business, lcsh:Medicine (General)
Abstract: BackgroundBreast cancer is the leading cancer affecting women in Singapore. Its survivors commonly experience decline in physical function and quality of life post-mastectomy, due to their upper limb morbidity and wound issues. Rehabilitation can address the aforementioned issues. When rehabilitation is accessible and easy to adhere, it can optimize recovery.Home-based tele-rehabilitation guided by healthcare professionals and self-managed by patients can potentially optimize the patients’ adherence to rehabilitation and recovery. With that in mind, a team of breast cancer specialists (oncologists, nurses, and therapists) in Singapore has developed one of the first tele-rehabilitation systems for local women undergoing a unilateral mastectomy. To our knowledge, no such systems have been evaluated or proven effective as a treatment option among local breast cancer patients with acute disabilities.MethodsThis is a pilot quasi-experimental trial that aims to evaluate the feasibility of tele-rehabilitation and tele-drain care compared to usual care. Up to 40 patients (20 per group) will be recruited for this trial. They will be assigned to an intervention group that receives rehabilitation via a tele-rehabilitation system or a control group that receives rehabilitation in person at their clinic. The primary outcome of this trial is rehabilitation participation (i.e., the time spent on rehabilitation). The secondary outcomes are upper extremity functioning, perceived health, and quality of life.DiscussionAs part of this pilot trial, patients who opt in for the tele-rehabilitation will be asked to share their experience with and thoughts on the tele-rehabilitation system. With the evidence obtained from the tele-rehabilitation patients of this trial, we will be able to improve the current system for our future trial. Further, our additional data on rehabilitation participation, physical function, and quality of life will help us design a sufficiently powered future main trial.Trial registrationThe trial was approved by the National Healthcare Group’s Domain Specific Review Board (#2019/00283) and registered withwww.ClinicalTrials.gov(#NCT04269967) in February 2020.
Published: 2021

9. Characteristics of adult patients with chronic intestinal failure due to short bowel syndrome:An international multicenter survey

Author: Loris Pironi, Ezra Steiger, Francisca Joly, Palle B. Jeppesen, Geert Wanten, Anna S. Sasdelli, Cecile Chambrier, Umberto Aimasso, Manpreet S. Mundi, Kinga Szczepanek, Amelia Jukes, Miriam Theilla, Marek Kunecki, Joanne Daniels, Mireille Serlie, Florian Poullenot, Sheldon C. Cooper, Henrik H. Rasmussen, Charlene Compher, David Seguy, Adriana Crivelli, Lidia Santarpia, Francesco W. Guglielmi, Nada Rotovnik Kozjek, Stéphane M. Schneider, Lars Ellegard, Ronan Thibault, Przemysław Matras, Konrad Matysiak, Andrè Van Gossum, Alastair Forbes, Nicola Wyer, Marina Taus, Nuria M. Virgili, Margie O'Callaghan, Brooke Chapman, Emma Osland, Cristina Cuerda, Gábor Udvarhelyi, Lynn Jones, Andre D. Won Lee, Luisa Masconale, Paolo Orlandoni, Corrado Spaggiari, Marta Bueno Díez, Maryana Doitchinova-Simeonova, Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga, Gabriel Olveira, Zeljko Krznaric, Laszlo Czako, Gintautas Kekstas, Alejandro Sanz-Paris, Mª Estrella Petrina Jáuregui, Ana Zugasti Murillo, Eszter Schafer, Jann Arends, José P. Suárez-Llanos, Nader N. Youssef, Giorgia Brillanti, Elena Nardi, Simon Lal, Adriana N. Crivelli, Hector Solar Muñiz, Brooke R. Chapman, Ruth Hodgson, Siobhan Wallin, Kay Lasenby, Andre Van Gossum, Andre Dong Won Lee, Henrik Højgaard Rasmussen, Chrisoffer Brandt, Vanessa Boehm, Julie Bataille, Lore Billiauws, Tomas Molnar, Mihaly Zsilak-Urban, Ferenc Izbéki, Peter Sahin, Anna Simona Sasdelli, Merlo F. Dario, Valentino Bertasi, Nunzia Regano, Santarpia Lidia, Lucia Alfonsi, Debora Busni, Lyn Gillanders, Anna Zmarzly, Marta Bueno, Carmen Garde, Ma Estrella Petrina Jáuregui, Cora Jonker, Simona Di Caro, Niamh Keane, Pinal Patel, Sarah-Jane Nelson Hughes, Rachel Lloyd, Arun Abraham, Gerda Garside, Michael Taylor, Jian Wu, Trevor Smith, Charlotte Pither, Michael Stroud, Reena Parmar, Nicola Burch, Sarah Zeraschi, Manpreet Mundi, Denise Jezerski, Pironi L., Steiger E., Joly F., Jeppesen P.B., Wanten G., Sasdelli A.S., Chambrier C., Aimasso U., Mundi M.M., Szczepanek K., Jukes A., Theilla M., Kunecki M., Daniels J., Serlie M., Poullenot F., Cooper S.C., Rasmussen H.H., Compher C., Seguy D., Crivelli A., Santarpia L., Guglielmi F.W., Kozjek N.R., Schneider S.M., Ellegard L., Thibault R., Matras P., Matysiak K., Van Gossum A., Forbes A., Wyer N., Taus M., Virgili N.M., O'Callaghan M., Chapman B., Osland E., Cuerda C., Udvarhelyi G., Jones L., Won Lee A.D., Masconale L., Orlandoni P., Spaggiari C., Diez M.B., Doitchinova-Simeonova M., Serralde-Zuniga A.E., Olveira G., Krznaric Z., Czako L., Kekstas G., Sanz-Paris A., Jauregui M.E.P., Murillo A.Z., Schafer E., Arends J., Suarez-Llanos J.P., Youssef N.N., Brillanti G., Nardi E., Lal S., Crivelli A.N., Muniz H.S., Chapman B.R., Hodgson R., Wallin S., Lasenby K., Brandt C., Boehm V., Bataille J., Billiauws L., Molnar T., Zsilak-Urban M., Izbeki F., Sahin P., Dario M.F., Bertasi V., Regano N., Lidia S., Alfonsi L., Busni D., Gillanders L., Zmarzly A., Bueno M., Garde C., Jonker C., Di Caro S., Keane N., Patel P., Nelson Hughes S.-J., Lloyd R., Abraham A., Garside G., Taylor M., Wu J., Smith T., Pither C., Stroud M., Parmar R., Burch N., Zeraschi S., Mundi M., Jezerski D., Endocrinology, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, University of Bologna, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Cleveland Clinic, Service de Gastroentérologie [Hôpital Beaujon], Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Mayo Clinic and Mayo College of Medicine, Rochester, Stanley Dudrick's Memorial Hospital, Partenaires INRAE, University Hospital of Wales, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], University of Lódź, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust [UK], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Aalborg University Hospital, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia]-University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hospital Universitario Fundacion Favaloro, University of Naples Federico II, Monsignor di Miccoli Hospital, Institute of Oncology - Ljubljana, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), University of Gothenburg (GU), The project of the ESPEN database for Chronic Intestinal Failure was promoted by the ESPEN Executive Committee in 2013, was approved by the ESPEN Council and was supported by an ESPEN grant., University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University Hospital of Wales (UHW), Tel Aviv University (TAU), Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (NUH), University of Pennsylvania-University of Pennsylvania, University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, and Institute of Oncology [Ljubljana]
Subjects: Parenteral Nutrition, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, MESH: Intestinal Diseases, Malalties intestinals, 0302 clinical medicine, Indicadors de salut, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Intestines--Diseases, Nutrition and Dietetics, Intestinal Disease, Short bowel syndrome, Intestinal failure, Health status indicators, 3. Good health, Chronic intestinal failure, Intestine, Intestines, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cohort, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, MESH: Intestines, Human, Adult, Short Bowel Syndrome, medicine.medical_specialty, Anastomosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Ileocecal valve, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, epidemiology, home parenteral nutrition, intestinal failure, intravenous supplementation, short bowel syndrome, Internal medicine, MESH: Short Bowel Syndrome, Humans, Cross-Sectional Studie, Home parenteral nutrition, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Intravenous supplementation, Intestinal Diseases, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Parenteral nutrition, Cross-Sectional Studies, Jejunostomy, business, MESH: Female, MESH: Parenteral Nutrition
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 244566.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The case-mix of patients with intestinal failure due to short bowel syndrome (SBS-IF) can differ among centres and may also be affected by the timeframe of data collection. Therefore, the ESPEN international multicenter cross-sectional survey was analyzed to compare the characteristics of SBS-IF cohorts collected within the same timeframe in different countries. METHODS: The study included 1880 adult SBS-IF patients collected in 2015 by 65 centres from 22 countries. The demographic, nutritional, SBS type (end jejunostomy, SBS-J; jejuno-colic anastomosis, SBS-JC; jejunoileal anastomosis with an intact colon and ileocecal valve, SBS-JIC), underlying disease and intravenous supplementation (IVS) characteristics were analyzed. IVS was classified as fluid and electrolyte alone (FE) or parenteral nutrition admixture (PN). The mean daily IVS volume, calculated on a weekly basis, was categorized as 3 L/day. RESULTS: In the entire group: 60.7% were females and SBS-J comprised 60% of cases, while mesenteric ischaemia (MI) and Crohn' disease (CD) were the main underlying diseases. IVS dependency was longer than 3 years in around 50% of cases; IVS was infused ≥5 days/week in 75% and FE in 10% of cases. Within the SBS-IF cohort: CD was twice and thrice more frequent in SBS-J than SBS-JC and SBS-JIC, respectively, while MI was more frequent in SBS-JC and SBS-JIC. Within countries: SBS-J represented 75% or more of patients in UK and Denmark and 50-60% in the other countries, except Poland where SBS-JC prevailed. CD was the main underlying disease in UK, USA, Denmark and The Netherlands, while MI prevailed in France, Italy and Poland. CONCLUSIONS: SBS-IF type is primarily determined by the underlying disease, with significant variation between countries. These novel data will be useful for planning and managing both clinical activity and research studies on SBS.
Published: 2021

10. Feature selection, ensemble learning, and artificial neural networks for short-range wind speed forecasts

Author: Alexander Kann, Yong Wang, Irene Schicker, Petrina Papazek, and Claudia Plant
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Artificial neural network, Computer science, business.industry, seamless-prediction, Feature selection, feature-selection, lcsh:QC851-999, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Ensemble learning, Wind speed, machine learing, Austria, ensemble-learning, Range (statistics), lcsh:Meteorology. Climatology, Artificial intelligence, business, wind speed, computer
Abstract: The objective of this study is to provide reliable nowcasting (up to six hours) to short-range wind speed forecasts of up to 40 hours ahead in 10 meters height for meteorological observation sites (i.e., point forecasting). The proposed method is a data-driven approach combining artificial neural networks, ensemble learning, and feature selection techniques. Particularly, we improve a pre-defined baseline setup using meteorological features, pre-classification by forecasting intervals, as well as spatial and temporal related data. This combination of methods is the so-called ZiANN (ZAMG interval artificial neural network) and it is optimized for both nowcasting and short-range forecasts. The developed method is one of the first machine learning based wind speed forecasts for the Austrian domain and Austrian observation sites. Heterogenous data sources are combined to derive training data for ZiANN. In particular, we consider (1) observations from weather stations and (2) output of one or several numerical weather prediction models. For (1), we use data from the TAWES network in Austria, while for (2), we use the AROME, ALARO, and/or ECMWF-IFS model interpolated for the observation site location. The model is validated by two test episodes and selected sites in Austria. Forecasts are compared to alternative methods: a random forest approach, the persistence, the currently operational nowcasting system INCA, the model output statistic META, and the NWP model AROME. Our results show that ZiANN outperforms alternative models, especially in the nowcasting-range. We conclude that machine learning techniques are suitable post-processing tools, which outperform classical methodologies.
Published: 2020

11. The External Public Audit in the Member States of the European Union: Between Standard Typology and Diversity

Author: Aurelia Stefanescu and Cristina-Petrina Trincu-Dragusin
Subjects: Typology, Unity in diversity, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Public sector, Context (language use), Accounting, Audit, Political science, Credibility, media_common.cataloged_instance, Pharmacology (medical), European union, business, Diversity (politics), media_common
Abstract: The premise of the research is represented by the importance of the external public audit, as a specific activity that the supreme audit institutions carry out at the level of the public sector entities, in order to provide to interested parties, assurances regarding the management of the public resources of these entities. The research objectives are two-dimensional and the research methodology is qualitative and interpretive. The first dimension aims to identify the conceptual connotations of the external public audit in the specialized literature. The second dimension represents a multicriteria comparative analysis regarding the typology of the external public audit carried out by the supreme institutions of the European Union member states. The study is carried out regarding all the 27 member states, information regarding the United Kingdom, which has recently left the European Union, being also presented and analyzed. The research results showed that, although the applied audit methods vary, convergent elements have been identified, so that the typology of the external public audit also validates the European Union "unity in diversity" motto, at the level of the specific activities of the supreme audit institutions in the community area. On the background of an area of undoubted importance, but limited in terms of research, this scientific demarche represents a major challenge for both the academic and the socio-economic environment. Thus, the conceptual valences of the external public audit will be complemented and an increase of credibility and relevance will be generated in the manner of supervising the public financial resourcesâ€™ management of the public sector entities at the level of the European Union member states, in the context of the economic turbulences and the rising demand for public services manifested at European and international level.
Published: 2020

12. Nurse managers implementing the lean management system: A qualitative study in Western Canada

Author: Judy E. Boychuk Duchscher, Thomas Rotter, Sonia Udod, Petrina McGrath, Anna Dawn Hewitt, and Donna Goodridge
Subjects: health care delivery, leadership, Adult, Male, Leadership and Management, Context (language use), Nurse Administrator, Lean manufacturing, 03 medical and health sciences, Nursing, Health care, Humans, Program Development, Nursing management, Qualitative Research, Aged, 030504 nursing, Leadership development, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, Rural health, health care systems, Original Articles, Middle Aged, nurse administrators, Saskatchewan, Original Article, Female, nursing supervisory, 0305 other medical science, business, Qualitative research, Total Quality Management
Abstract: Aim This study explores the perceptions and experiences of nurse managers involved in implementing the Lean management system in a Western Canadian province. Background The provincial government of Saskatchewan, Canada, implemented a multimillion-dollar investment in the Lean management system to transform health care delivery by reducing waste and increasing efficiency of processes and outcomes. Methods This qualitative exploratory study employed semi-structured interviews with 14 nurse managers in urban and rural health regions in one Canadian province. Results Six themes outline the difficulties nurse managers experienced in juggling role responsibilities alongside a poorly implemented change system with scarce resources. Conclusion The results showed tensions in the implementation of a Lean model adapted in the context of health care organisations. The expectations for nurse managers to be pivotal players in the implementation of transformative health care practices that promote and sustain strategies to reduce waste, improve coordination and increase patient safety require investment in leadership development. Implications for nursing management Lean management systems significantly impact the roles of nurse managers who require adequate resources and training to successfully adapt. The results of this study may be used for more effective support mechanisms for nurse managers.
Published: 2020

13. Построение информационных моделей в машиностроении

Author: A.A. Petrin and A.M. Petrina
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, business
Abstract: Приведен обзор состояния проблемы и рассмотрены методы и средства построения информационных моделей в машиностроении. Особое внимание уделено технологиям, составляющим основу деятельности предприятий машиностроения, этапам модернизации производств Индустрии 3.0 на пути к внедрению Индустрии 4.0.
Published: 2020

14. Institutional Investor Stewardship in the UK and Malaysia: Functionally Similar, Contextually Challenged

Author: Petrina Tjin Yi Tan
Subjects: Stewardship Code, 050208 finance, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Institutional investor, Accounting, Incentive, Shareholder, Dominance (economics), 0502 economics and business, Agency (sociology), Position (finance), Business, Stewardship, Law, 050203 business & management
Abstract: Institutional investors are acknowledged as an influential force in markets worldwide. As a result of increased focus on the impact from the investing and shareholding practices of institutional investors, stewardship codes were first introduced in the UK, followed by Malaysia. This article evaluates the theory and practice of institutional investor stewardship in Malaysia through functional and contextual lenses, as juxtaposed against the more established position of stewardship in the UK. Notwithstanding an analogous legal framework for shareholder rights and the textual similarities of the UK Stewardship Code and Malaysian Code for Institutional Investors, the dominance of government-linked investment companies and government-linked companies in Malaysia results in a distinct set of issues in relation to institutional investor stewardship. This article then argues that the stewardship codes are in themselves insufficient in increasing the quality and scope of institutional investor engagement as they fail to address the underlying agency conflicts between the institutional investors and ultimate beneficiaries or clients. In learning from the UK's experience, it is important that Malaysian policymakers pay attention to the overarching structural factors and incentives driving institutional investor engagement alongside the development and take-up of the stewardship code.
Published: 2019

15. What Constitutes 'Appropriate Care' for Low Back Pain?: Point-of-Care Clinical Indicators From Guideline Evidence and Experts (the STANDING Collaboration Project)

Author: Stephen Jan, Chris Needs, Ivan Lin, Andrew Dwyer, Peter O'Sullivan, Rachelle Buchbinder, Andrew M. Briggs, G. Lorimer Moseley, Louise Wiles, Peter Hibbert, Petrina Casey, Roya Dabestani, Ian A. Harris, Malcolm Hogg, Kieran Fallon, Jacqueline H. Stephens, William B. Runciman, Charlotte J. Molloy, Helen Slater, Debra Kay, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Christopher G. Maher, and Kal Fried
Subjects: Value (ethics), Consensus, Delphi Technique, business.industry, Point-of-Care Systems, MEDLINE, Champion, Guideline, Low back pain, Nursing, Research Design, Health care, Medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, computer, Delivery of Health Care, Low Back Pain, Delphi, computer.programming_language, Point of care
Abstract: Study design Multiround wiki-based Delphi expert panel survey. Objective To provide proof of concept for an alternative method for creating sets of nationally-agreed point-of-care clinical indicators, and obtain consensus among end-user groups on "appropriate care" for the assessment, diagnosis, acute, and ongoing care of people with low back pain (LBP). Summary of background data The provision of inappropriate and low value care for LBP is a significant healthcare and societal burden. Vague clinical practice guideline (CPG) recommendations can be difficult to apply and measure in real world clinical practice, and a likely barrier to "appropriate care." Methods Draft "appropriate care" clinical indicators for LBP were derived from CPG recommendations published between 2011 and 2017. Included CPGs were independently appraised by two reviewers using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation instrument. Headed by a Clinical Champion, a 20-member Expert Panel reviewed and commented on the draft indicators over a three-round modified e-Delphi process using a collaborative online wiki. At the conclusion of each review round, the research team and the Clinical Champion synthesized and responded to experts' comments and incorporated feedback into the next iteration of the draft indicators. Results From seven CPGs and six qualitative meta-syntheses, 299 recommendations and themes were used to draft 42 "appropriateness" indicators. In total, 17 experts reviewed these indicators over 18 months. A final set of 27 indicators comprising screening and diagnostic processes (n = 8), assessment (n = 3), acute (n = 5), and ongoing care (n = 9), and two which crossed the acute-ongoing care continuum. Most indicators were geared toward recommended care (n = 21, 78%), with the remainder focused on care to be avoided. Conclusion These 27 LBP clinical indicators can be used by healthcare consumers, clinicians, researchers, policy makers/funders, and insurers to guide and monitor the provision of "appropriate care" for LBP.Level of Evidence: 4.
Published: 2021

16. The Knowledge Development of State and Municipal Employees Using Electronic Educational Technologies

Author: Michael E. Stadolin, Elena Lyapuntsova, Yulya Lebedeva, Yulya Belozerova, and Olga A. Petrina
Subjects: Knowledge management, business.industry, Business, State (computer science), Knowledge development
Published: 2021

17. The Prevalence of Hormonal Imbalance Among Namibian Women

Author: Petrina Venaokatili Mungongolo, Koffi Kouame, and Yapo Guillaume Aboua
Subjects: Hormonal imbalance, business.industry, Environmental health, Medicine, business
Abstract: Purpose: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant medical, psychosocial and economic aspects recognized as a public health issue. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of hormonal imbalance in Namibian women.Methods: This was a retrospective study, analysing female hormonal data from 2015 to 2019 after obtaining ethical approval from the Namibia University of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Health and Social Services and the Namibia Institute of Pathology. The medical dada received from NIP were acquired from women aged 16 to 60 years from different hospital wards nationwide.Results: Results indicated a high prevalence (21.1 %) of hormonal imbalance among Namibian women. An average of 47% of the patients experienced critically high or low thyroid hormone values. The prevalence of imbalanced reproductive hormones was 21.1% of which approximately 20% was contributed by progesterone.Conclusion: Based on the statistical analysis it can be concluded that the prevalence of hormonal imbalance in Namibian women is significantly high and alarming. The general population of Namibian women have a high risk in developing conditions linked to hormonal imbalance. To better understand the implications of these results further studies should be conducted.
Published: 2021

18. Technology-dependent children with respiratory problems on a home care program: Exploring the family experience

Author: John Tsanakas, Elpis Hatziagorou, Elisavet-Anna Chrysochoou, Petrina Vantsi, Ilketra Toulia, Maria Galogavrou, and Fotios Kirvassilis
Subjects: Technology dependent, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Family medicine, Medicine, Care program, business
Published: 2021

19. Trends in Published Comparative and International Education Research, 2014–2019, with a Focus on Open Access Journals and Global South Authors

Author: Obioma Okogbue, Alexander W. Wiseman, Petrina M. Davidson, Maureen F. Park, and Nino Dzotsenidze
Subjects: International education, Data collection, business.industry, Political science, Reflective practice, Situated, Library science, Comparative education, business, Publication, Professionalization, Qualitative research
Abstract: This chapter examines the trends in published comparative and international education research from 2014 to 2019 with a special focus on 2019 publication in open access journals and by authors situated in the Global South. In particular, two trends from 2019 are (1) the increasing number of research publications in the field of comparative and international education that are being published in online, open access journals and (2) the representation among these research publications between authors situated in Global North versus Global South contexts. Evidence from the six years of data collection suggests that single country studies and qualitative methods continue to dominate published research in comparative and international education journals. 2019 data also show that there are significant different in the publication trends in subscription versus open access journals in the field, and that authors from the Global South are more likely to publish in open access journals, especially if they are female.
Published: 2021

20. Case Report: Transient cortical blindness following coronary angiography

Author: Maureen Victoria Kawilarang, Petrina Theda Philothra, Ruth Irena Gunadi, Yudi Her Oktaviono, Michael Kawilarang, and Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi
Subjects: Coronary angiography, medicine.medical_specialty, Blindness, General Immunology and Microbiology, business.industry, Cortical blindness, medicine.medical_treatment, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Pathophysiology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Cardiology, Medicine, Brain magnetic resonance imaging, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, business, Angiography procedures, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Probable mechanism, Cardiac catheterization
Abstract: Temporary blindness, also known as transient cortical blindness, is an uncommon impediment of contrast agent usage during angiography procedures. The occurrence of blindness after a cardiac catheterization procedure is rare and its pathophysiology remains largely speculative. The most probable mechanism seems to be contrast agent-related disruption of the blood–brain barrier, possibly initiated by several predisposing factors. This case reports a 52-year-old man with transient vision loss that occurred following coronary angiography. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no acute pathology and his vision spontaneously returned within approximately 15 hours post-procedure without any requirement of specific therapy. Suggesting that transient cortical blindness may have occurred following coronary angiography which subsequently self-resolved.
Published: 2022

21. Implementation of an Electronic Medication Management System in a large tertiary hospital: a case of qualitative inquiry

Author: Simon K. Poon, Jonathan Penm, Milan Rasikbhai Vaghasiya, Neysa Petrina, Eui Dong Kim, Yiren Liu, Naren Gunja, and Kevin K. Y. Kuan
Subjects: Process management, Medication Therapy Management, Computer science, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Organizational culture, Health Informatics, Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, Health informatics, Tertiary Care Centers, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Electronic prescribing, Health care, Electronic health records, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Qualitative Research, business.industry, 030503 health policy & services, Health Policy, Australia, Technology assessment, Focus group, Computer Science Applications, Workflow, Medical informatics, Management system, Implementation science, Electronics, 0305 other medical science, business, Research Article
Abstract: Background Hospitals across Australia are implementing Clinical Information Systems, e.g. Electronic Medication Management Systems (EMMS) at a rapid pace to moderate health services. The benefits of the EMMS depend on the acceptance of the system by the clinicians. The study hospital used a unique patient-centric implementation strategy that was based on the guiding principle of “one patient, one chart” to avoid a patient being on a hybrid medication chart. This paper aims to study the factors facilitating or hindering the adoption of the EMMS as viewed by clinicians and the implementation team. Methods Four focus groups (FG), one each for (1) doctors, (2) nurses, (3) pharmacists, and (4) implementation team, were conducted. A guide for the FG was based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Results A total of 23 unique subthemes were identified and were grouped into five main themes (1) implementation strategy, (2) organisational outcome of EMMS, (3) individual impact of EMMS, (4) IT product, and (5) organisational culture. Clinicians reported improvement in their workflow efficiency post-EMMS implementation. They also reported some challenges in using the EMMS that centered around the area of infrastructure, technical and design issues. Additionally, the implementation team highlighted two crucial factors influencing the success of EMMS implementation, namely: (1) the patient-centric implementation strategy, and (2) the organisation readiness. Conclusion Overall, this study outlines the implementation process of the EMMS in a large healthcare facility from the clinicians’ and the implementation team’s perspectives using UTAUT model. The result suggests that clinicians’ acceptance of the EMMS was highly influenced by the unique implementation strategy (namely, patient-centric approach and clinical leadership in the implementation team). Whereas the level of adoption of EMMS by clinicians was determined by their level of perceived and realised benefits. On the other hand, a number of barriers to the adoption of EMMS were discovered, namely, general training instead of customised training based on local needs, technical and design issues and lack of availability of computer systems. It is suggested that promptly resolving these issues can improve the adoption of the EMMS.
Published: 2021

22. Malaria risk factors in northern Namibia: The importance of occupation, age and mobility in characterizing high-risk populations

Author: Davis R. Mumbengegwi, Erastus H. Haindongo, Immo Kleinschmidt, Adam Bennett, Roly Gosling, Hugh J. W. Sturrock, Jennifer L. Smith, Carmen Cueto, Kathryn W. Roberts, and Petrina Uusiku
Subjects: Male, Epidemiology, Psychological intervention, Indoor residual spraying, Social Sciences, Logistic regression, Geographical Locations, Medical Conditions, Health facility, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Public and Occupational Health, Malaria, Falciparum, Child, Mammals, Rapid diagnostic test, Travel, Multidisciplinary, Geography, Incidence, Age Factors, Eukaryota, Ruminants, Middle Aged, Namibia, Socioeconomic Aspects of Health, Professions, Child, Preschool, Vertebrates, Agricultural Workers, Female, Seasons, Research Article, Adult, Adolescent, Science, Plasmodium falciparum, Human Geography, Young Adult, Sex Factors, Bovines, Environmental health, Parasitic Diseases, Humans, Animals, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, Occupations, business.industry, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Tropical Diseases, Malaria, Health Care, Health Care Facilities, Case-Control Studies, Medical Risk Factors, People and Places, Africa, Amniotes, Earth Sciences, Housing, Residence, Cattle, Population Groupings, business, Zoology
Abstract: In areas of low and unstable transmission, malaria cases occur in populations with lower access to malaria services and interventions, and in groups with specific malaria risk exposures often away from the household. In support of the Namibian National Vector Borne Disease Program’s drive to better target interventions based upon risk, we implemented a health facility-based case control study aimed to identify risk factors for symptomatic malaria in Zambezi Region, northern Namibia. A total of 770 febrile individuals reporting to 6 health facilities and testing positive by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) between February 2015 and April 2016 were recruited as cases; 641 febrile individuals testing negative by RDT at the same health facilities through June 2016 were recruited as controls. Data on socio-demographics, housing construction, overnight travel, use of malaria prevention and outdoor behaviors at night were collected through interview and recorded on a tablet-based questionnaire. Remotely-sensed environmental data were extracted for geo-located village residence locations. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify risk factors and latent class analyses (LCA) used to identify and characterize high-risk subgroups. The majority of participants (87% of cases and 69% of controls) were recruited during the 2016 transmission season, an outbreak year in Southern Africa. After adjustment, cases were more likely to be cattle herders (Adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 4.46 95%CI 1.05–18.96), members of the police or other security personnel (aOR: 4.60 95%CI: 1.16–18.16), and pensioners/unemployed persons (aOR: 2.25 95%CI 1.24–4.08), compared to agricultural workers (most common category). Children (aOR 2.28 95%CI 1.13–4.59) and self-identified students were at higher risk of malaria (aOR: 4.32 95%CI 2.31–8.10). Other actionable risk factors for malaria included housing and behavioral characteristics, including traditional home construction and sleeping in an open structure (versus modern structure: aOR: 2.01 95%CI 1.45–2.79 and aOR: 4.76 95%CI: 2.14–10.57); cross border travel in the prior 30 days (aOR: 10.55 95%CI 2.94–37.84); and outdoor agricultural work at night (aOR: 2.09 95%CI 1.12–3.87). Malaria preventive activities were all protective and included personal use of an insecticide treated net (ITN) (aOR: 0.61 95%CI 0.42–0.87), adequate household ITN coverage (aOR: 0.63 95%CI 0.42–0.94), and household indoor residual spraying (IRS) in the past year (versus never sprayed: (aOR: 0.63 95%CI 0.44–0.90). A number of environmental factors were associated with increased risk of malaria, including lower temperatures, higher rainfall and increased vegetation for the 30 days prior to diagnosis and residing more than 5 minutes from a health facility. LCA identified six classes of cases, with class membership strongly correlated with occupation, age and select behavioral risk factors. Use of ITNs and IRS coverage was similarly low across classes. For malaria elimination these high-risk groups will need targeted and tailored intervention strategies, for example, by implementing alternative delivery methods of interventions through schools and worksites, as well as the use of specific interventions that address outdoor transmission.
Published: 2021

23. Combined OX40 Agonist and PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy Improves the Efficacy of Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in a Urothelial Tumor Model

Author: Alexander Somma, Rui Gardner, Jasmine Thomas, Petrina M Georgala, Karan Nagar, Ricardo Alvim, Souhil Lebdai, Steven Zanganeh, Kwanghee Kim, Christopher C.W. Hughes, Lucas Nogueira, Avigdor Scherz, Amelia Riegel, Laura Alvim, Jonathan A. Coleman, Jie Chen, and Augusto Barbosa Reis
Subjects: Male, T-Lymphocytes, medicine.medical_treatment, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Pharmaceutical Science, Photodynamic therapy, tumor ablation, Analytical Chemistry, Mice, Prostate cancer, QD241-441, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Discovery, focal therapy, Cytotoxic T cell, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors, 0303 health sciences, Chemistry (miscellaneous), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Molecular Medicine, bladder cancer, immunotherapy, Agonist, Urologic Neoplasms, Cell Survival, medicine.drug_class, Antineoplastic Agents, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Cell Proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, Bladder cancer, business.industry, Organic Chemistry, Immunity, Immunotherapy, Receptors, OX40, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Blockade, TOOKAD, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Photochemotherapy, Cancer research, business
Abstract: Purpose: Vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) is a nonsurgical tumor ablation approach used to treat early-stage prostate cancer and may also be effective for upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) based on preclinical data. Toward increasing response rates to VTP, we evaluated its efficacy in combination with concurrent PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist immunotherapy in a urothelial tumor-bearing model. Experimental design: In mice allografted with MB-49 UTUC cells, we compared the effects of combined VTP with PD-1 inhibitor/OX40 agonist with those of the component treatments on tumor growth, survival, lung metastasis, and antitumor immune responses. Results: The combination of VTP with both PD-1 inhibitor and OX40 agonist inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival to a greater degree than VTP with either immunotherapeutic individually. These effects result from increased tumor infiltration and intratumoral proliferation of cytotoxic and helper T cells, depletion of Treg cells, and suppression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that VTP synergizes with PD-1 blockade and OX40 agonist to promote strong antitumor immune responses, yielding therapeutic efficacy in an animal model of urothelial cancer.
Published: 2021
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24. Forecasting of Meteorologically Driven 'Extremes' in Wind and Solar Power: Can We Tackle and Improve Selected Cases of Non-forecasted Extreme Events using Deep Learning?

Author: Rosmarie de Wit, Irene Schicker, and Petrina Papazek
Subjects: Meteorology, business.industry, Deep learning, Extreme events, Environmental science, Artificial intelligence, business, Solar power
Abstract: With the rapid transition towards an increased usage of renewable energy accurate predictions of the expected power production are needed to ensure grid stability, energy trading, and (re)scheduling of maintenance and energy transfer. In the last decades, both numerical weather prediction models as well as post-processing methods have significantly improved their prediction skills when applied to renewable energy. There are, however, events in renewable energy production which can be considered as extreme events but are not necessarily extremes in terms of meteorological conditions. The MEDEA project, funded by the Austrian Climate Research Program, aims at improving the definition and detection of extreme events relevant for renewable energies and to use these findings to improve both weather and climate predictions of such extreme events. In this MEDEA case study, we investigate selected (extremes) cases in renewable energy which were not properly reproduced by the models. We will have a deeper dive into two Saharan dust events in 2021 where none of the models was able to properly reproduce the amount of aerosols in Central Europe and solar power production was off by more than 5 GW in contrast to the predictions. Here, several NWP models have failed to properly recognize its impact and, thus, impaired results based on raw model output. To tackle such events and improve the predictability, a deep learning framework consisting of an auto-encoder LSTM (long short-term memory; type of an artificial neural network) and random forest will be used and adopted for day-ahead predictions of these events. Relevant features for the learning algorithms are extracted from different NWP models, satellite data, and observations. Similarly, for wind energy production we demonstrate the methods in two selected case studies of extreme events. Results obtained by the deep learning framework yield, in general, high forecast-skills where we elaborate on interesting cases studies from a meteorological point of view. Different combinations of inputs and processing-steps are part of the analysis. We compare results to traditional forecast methods in order to validate the performance of our methods.
Published: 2021

25. Peri-orbital surgical emphysema following endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

Author: Raman Malhotra, Petrina Tan, We Fong Siah, S Ali, Andre Litwin, and John C Bladen
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Peri, Dacryocystorhinostomy, General Medicine, Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy, Lacrimal surgery, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Otorhinolaryngology, External dacryocystorhinostomy, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, business, Complication, Surgical emphysema, Isolated cases
Abstract: BackgroundPeri-orbital surgical emphysema is a rare complication that can occur after lacrimal surgery. It has only been described in isolated cases, following external dacryocystorhinostomy (n = 2) and Lester Jones tube insertion (n = 1).MethodA retrospective, non-comparative case series was conducted of patients who developed surgical emphysema following endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.ResultsA total of 356 endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy cases (primary, n = 316; revision, n = 40) were performed over a six-year period. Seven cases of post-operative surgical emphysema were identified, all of which were preceded by uncontrolled sneezing, nose-blowing or coughing within the first week of surgery. The occurrence of surgical emphysema post-endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in our centre was 7 in 356, or 2 per cent, over six years.ConclusionThis is the first study to report the occurrence of surgical emphysema post-endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. Clinicians may wish to suggest patients stifle the aforementioned triggers within the first week to reduce the potential for surgical emphysema.
Published: 2020

26. A pragmatic, multi-centered, stepped wedge, cluster randomized controlled trial pilot of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a complex Stroke Oral healthCare intervention pLan Evaluation II (SOCLE II) compared with usual oral healthcare in stroke wards

Author: Marissa Collins, Petrina Sweeney, Campbell Chalmers, Heather Gray, David J. Stott, Naomi Bowers, Brenda Bain, Christopher J. Weir, Marian C. Brady, John Barr, Peter Langhorne, Catriona Keerie, and Alex Pollock
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost effectiveness, medicine.medical_treatment, Cost-Benefit Analysis, pilot, Oral Health, Pilot Projects, Disease cluster, law.invention, rehabilitation, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intervention (counseling), Health care, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Stroke, intervention, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Research, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Oral Hygiene, stroke, Clinical trial, Hospitalization, oral healthcare, Treatment Outcome, Neurology, randomized controlled trial, Physical therapy, Female, business
Abstract: Background Patients with stroke-associated pneumonia experience poorer outcomes (increased hospital stays, costs, discharge dependency, and risk of death). High-quality, organized oral healthcare may reduce the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia and improve oral health and quality of life. Aims We piloted a pragmatic, stepped-wedge, cluster randomized controlled trial of clinical and cost effectiveness of enhanced versus usual oral healthcare for people in stroke rehabilitation settings. Methods Scottish stroke rehabilitation wards were randomly allocated to stepped time-points for conversion from usual to enhanced oral healthcare. All admissions and nursing staff were eligible for inclusion. We piloted the viability of randomization, intervention, data collection, record linkage procedures, our sample size, screening, and recruitment estimates. The stepped-wedge trial design prevented full blinding of outcome assessors and staff. Predetermined criteria for progression included the validity of enhanced oral healthcare intervention (training, oral healthcare protocol, assessment, equipment), data collection, and stroke-associated pneumonia event rate and relationship between stroke-associated pneumonia and plaque. Results We screened 1548/2613 (59%) admissions to four wards, recruiting n = 325 patients and n = 112 nurses. We observed marked between-site diversity in admissions, recruitment populations, stroke-associated pneumonia events (0% to 21%), training, and resource use. No adverse events were reported. Oral healthcare documentation was poor. We found no evidence of a difference in stroke-associated pneumonia between enhanced versus usual oral healthcare ( P = 0.62, odds ratio = 0.61, confidence interval: 0.08 to 4.42). Conclusions Our stepped-wedge cluster randomized control trial accommodated between-site diversity. The stroke-associated pneumonia event rate did not meet our predetermined progression criteria. We did not meet our predefined progression criteria including the SAP event rate and consequently were unable to establish whether there is a relationship between SAP and plaque. A wide confidence interval did not exclude the possibility that enhanced oral healthcare may result in a benefit or detrimental effect. Trial Registration NCT01954212.
Published: 2019

27. An Allusion to Machiavelli in Othello

Author: Alessandra Petrina
Subjects: Literature, Linguistics and Language, Shakespeare, Literature and Literary Theory, business.industry, Philosophy, Machiavelli, Bandello, Library and Information Sciences, Language and Linguistics, Arte della Guerra, Cassio, Allusion, Shakespeare, Othello, Machiavelli, Arte della Guerra, Iago, Cassio, Bandello, business, Othello, Iago
Published: 2019

28. Susceptibility of endometrial isolates recovered from women with clinical pelvic inflammatory disease or histological endometritis to antimicrobial agents

Author: M. Petrina, Sharon L. Hillier, Harold C. Wiesenfeld, Toni Darville, and Lisa A. Cosentino
Subjects: Atopobium vaginae, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Article, Bacteria, Anaerobic, Endometrium, 03 medical and health sciences, Moxifloxacin, Pelvic inflammatory disease, Humans, Medicine, Gardnerella vaginalis, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Bacterial Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Metronidazole, Infectious Diseases, Ceftriaxone, Female, Endometritis, Anaerobic bacteria, business, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, medicine.drug
Abstract: The CDC recommended outpatient treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone plus 14 days of doxycycline, with or without metronidazole. European guidelines (2017) include moxifloxacin plus ceftriaxone as a first line regimen, particularly for women with Mycoplasma genitalium-associated PID. However, the susceptibility of bacteria recovered from the endometrium of women with PID to moxifloxacin is unknown. The in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of facultative and anaerobic bacteria recovered from endometrial biopsy samples were evaluated from 105 women having symptomatic PID and/or histologically confirmed endometritis. A total of 342 endometrial isolates from enrollment visits were identified using a combination of biochemical tests and sequencing. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using agar dilution against ceftriaxone, clindamycin, doxycycline, metronidazole and moxifloxacin according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was susceptible to ceftriaxone with all isolates having an MIC of 0.03 μg/mL. All the other endometrial isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone, except for Prevotella species, only half of which were susceptible. The in vitro susceptibility profile for BV-associated bacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Prevotella species, Porphyromonas species and anaerobic gram-positive cocci) revealed greater susceptibility to moxifloxacin compared to doxycycline. Moxifloxacin was superior to metronidazole for G. vaginalis and A. vaginae, and either metronidazole or moxifloxacin was needed to cover Prevotella species. Based on in vitro susceptibility testing, the combination of ceftriaxone plus moxifloxacin provides similar coverage of facultative and anaerobic pathogens compared to the combination of ceftriaxone, metronidazole and doxycycline. Head to head clinical studies of these treatment regimens are needed to evaluate clinical efficacy and eradication of endometrial pathogens following treatment.
Published: 2019

29. NOSOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF FREQUENT HEREDITARY PATHOLOGY AMONG THE CHILDREN OF THE ROSTOV REGION

Author: E.V. Degtereva, A. Stepanova, Rena A. Zinchenko, T.I. Ponomareva, N. E. Petrina, Nika V. Petrova, N.V. Vetrova, S.S. Amelina, M.A. Amelina, R.A. Valkov, A. V. Polyakov, and N.Yu. Kashirskaya
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, business, Dermatology
Published: 2019

30. Impact of bariatric surgery on bone tissue

Author: Javier Escalada San Martín, Estrella Petrina Jáuregui, and S. Martinez
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Bariatric Surgery, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Bone tissue, medicine.disease, Bone health, Obesity, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Intervention (counseling), mental disorders, Humans, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Bone Diseases, business
Abstract: The important prevalence and morbidity of obesity has generated an increase in bariatric surgery. It has a positive effect in obesity-related comorbidities. However, it's detrimental to bone health. The underline pathophysiological mechanisms are complex and heterogeneous. The knowledge of these factors may lead us to develop an adequate therapeutic intervention.
Published: 2019

31. Peculiarities of phenotypes of patients with pyelo- and glomerulonephritis by HLA distribution analysis

Author: V. Driianska, O. Petrina, G. Drannik, F. Haisenyuk, and M. Velychko
Subjects: biology, business.industry, Urology, Biochemistry (medical), Glomerulonephritis, Human leukocyte antigen, Disease, lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology, lcsh:RC870-923, medicine.disease, Major histocompatibility complex, Pathogenesis, Antigen, Nephrology, Immunology, medicine, biology.protein, HLA-phenotype, pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, causal role, antigen-protector, Immunology and Allergy, Immune disorder, business, Kidney disease
Abstract: Studies devoted to the role of human leucocyte antigens (HLA) in pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have demonstrated the associative links of the HLA antigens, which stipulate the relative and attributive risks of some autoimmune diseases, with immune disorder and a high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of our study was to determine the peculiarities of phenotypes of CKD patients according to the distribution of HLA-A, B and DR antigens and to conduct their comparative analysis in patients with pyelonephritis (PN) and glomerulonephritis (GN). Methods: The distribution of HLA-A, B, DR antigens in 384 CKD patients (120 with PN and 264 with GN) was analyzed. HLA antigens were defined using a standard microlymphocytotoxic test on the Terasakiґs planchette with special panels of anti-HLA serums (20 antigens of locus A, 31 – B and 9 – DR). The control group consisted of 350 healthy donors. The HLA antigen frequencies in normal and diseased subjects were compared taking each antigen separately, using χ2 test. The etiologic fraction (attributive risk s > 0,1) was counted using the formula: s = x - y/I- y, where x is frequency of antigen in patients and y is frequency in healthy. The s reading was considered reliable when it exceeded 0.1. Results. The causal role (σ > 0,1) was determined for А10, А11; В14, В16 for PN; antigens-protectors - А2, В21, В35, В40. For CGN, NS the relative risk is high (RR > 2) at the presence of HLA-A23, А24, А28; B8, В38, В41, В44; DR1, DR4, DRw52 in phenotype, the causal role in etiopathology (σ>0.1) is indicated for A24,А28; B8; DR1, DR4, DRw52; the disease protectors are B12 and B16. Conclusion. Conclusion. The features of the HLA-phenotype of patients with pyelo- and glomerulonephritis were shown. It allowed to establish the interconnectedness of the antigens of the histocompatibility complex with the risk of kidney diseases developing, which could help to personificate of the treatment and predicte of the course of the disease.
Published: 2018

32. Subpatent malaria in a low transmission African setting: a cross-sectional study using rapid diagnostic testing (RDT) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) from Zambezi region, Namibia

Author: Kathryn W. Roberts, Immo Kleinschmidt, Patrick McCreesh, Brooke Whittemore, Roland Gosling, Henry Ntuku, Hugh J. W. Sturrock, Jennifer L. Smith, Bryan Greenhouse, Michelle S. Hsiang, Petrina Uusiku, Davis R. Mumbengegwi, Munyaradzi Tambo, Max Murphy, Adam Bennett, Caitlin A. Moe, Gerard Kelly, and Mukosha Chisenga
Subjects: Male, Subpatent, Rapid diagnostic test, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Risk Factors, Prevalence, 80 and over, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Malaria, Falciparum, Child, Subclinical infection, Aged, 80 and over, screening and diagnosis, biology, Middle Aged, Namibia, Asymptomatic, Detection, Transmission (mechanics), Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, Child, Preschool, Public Health and Health Services, Female, Infection, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, 4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies, Falciparum, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, 030231 tropical medicine, Malaria elimination, Subclinical, Sensitivity and Specificity, Microbiology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Rare Diseases, Diagnostic Tests, Clinical Research, LAMP, Internal medicine, Tropical Medicine, parasitic diseases, Humans, Routine, lcsh:RC109-216, Preschool, RDT, Aged, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, business.industry, Research, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Plasmodium falciparum, Gold standard (test), Submicroscopic, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Newborn, Malaria, Vector-Borne Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Cross-Sectional Studies, Parasitology, Tropical medicine, business
Abstract: Background Subpatent malaria infections, or low-density infections below the detection threshold of microscopy or standard rapid diagnostic testing (RDT), can perpetuate persistent transmission and, therefore, may be a barrier for countries like Namibia that are pursuing malaria elimination. This potential burden in Namibia has not been well characterized. Methods Using a two-stage cluster sampling, cross-sectional design, subjects of all age were enrolled during the end of the 2015 malaria transmission season in Zambezi region, located in northeast Namibia. Malaria RDTs were performed with subsequent gold standard testing by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using dried blood spots. Infection prevalence was measured and the diagnostic accuracy of RDT calculated. Relationships between recent fever, demographics, epidemiological factors, and infection were assessed. Results Prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection was low: 0.8% (16/1919) by RDT and 2.2% (43/1919) by LAMP. All but one LAMP-positive infection was RDT-negative. Using LAMP as gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of RDT were 2.3% and 99.2%, respectively. Compared to LAMP-negative infections, a higher portion LAMP-positive infections were associated with fever (45.2% vs. 30.4%, p = 0.04), though 55% of infections were not associated with fever. Agricultural occupations and cattle herding were significantly associated with LAMP-detectable infection (Adjusted ORs 5.02, 95% CI 1.77–14.23, and 11.82, 95% CI 1.06–131.81, respectively), while gender, travel, bed net use, and indoor residual spray coverage were not. Conclusions This study presents results from the first large-scale malaria cross-sectional survey from Namibia using molecular testing to characterize subpatent infections. Findings suggest that fever history and standard RDTs are not useful to address this burden. Achievement of malaria elimination may require active case detection using more sensitive point-of-care diagnostics or presumptive treatment and targeted to high-risk groups. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-018-2626-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Published: 2018

33. The ‘panel analysis’ technique in the computational study of axisymmetric thin-walled shell systems

Author: Petrina Constantinou, Adam J. Sadowski, and Ludovica Pototschnig
Subjects: Technology, Wave number, Computer science, Computation, LOADS, Mathematics, Applied, Rotational symmetry, AXIAL-COMPRESSION, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 09 Engineering, 0201 civil engineering, Software, Isight, DESIGN, 0203 mechanical engineering, Axisymmetric shell, COLLAPSE, Fourier series, 01 Mathematical Sciences, computer.programming_language, Science & Technology, STABILITY, Buckling, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, General Engineering, Structural engineering, Python (programming language), iSight, Design Practice & Management, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Panel analysis, Finite element method, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, IMPERFECT CONICAL SHELLS, Physical Sciences, SPHERICAL-SHELLS, ELASTIC CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS, ABAQUS, business, computer, Mathematics, Analysis
Abstract: Thin-walled shells of revolution under circumferentially uniform pre-buckling stress states are important fundamental systems, often serving as reference ‘base cases’ to which the behaviour of more complex unsymmetrical systems can be related. However, the same simplicity that often permits closed-form algebraic expressions for the critical buckling load is also often responsible for a lack of localisation and significant ambiguity in the critical buckling mode. The computation of the linear or nonlinear buckling loads requires the systematic trial of many potential buckling modes to identify the one which minimises the necessary strain energy. In times when researchers used custom-written tools usually based on circumferential Fourier series expansions, this operation was relatively straightforward. However, today's analysts using ‘general’ commercial 3D finite element packages must apply careful safeguards to correctly identify the correct buckling load and associated mode in axisymmetric shell systems. This paper presents a detailed computational strategy to accurately and efficiently investigate the correct buckling load and mode number of axisymmetric shell systems using the technique of a ‘panel analysis’. This is implemented in the ABAQUS finite element solver controlled by the SIMULIA™ Isight automation software and the Python object-oriented programming language. The methodology is illustrated on three classical benchmark problems from the scientific literature on the buckling of cylindrical shells under meridional compression, with special attention given to meshing considerations.
Published: 2018

34. Serological evaluation of a cluster randomised trial on the use of reactive focal mass drug administration and reactive vector control to reduce malaria transmission in Zambezi Region, Namibia

Author: Mi-Suk Kang Dufour, Roly Gosling, Stark Katokele, Kevin K. A. Tetteh, Lindsey Wu, Immo Kleinschmidt, Catriona Patterson, Adam Bennett, Valerie Scott, Brooke Whittemore, Petrina Uusiku, Lisa M. Prach, Leah Schrubbe, Davis R. Mumbengegwi, Cara Smith Gueye, Kathryn W. Roberts, Tom Hall, Henry Ntuku, Chris Drakeley, Joseph R. Biggs, Jennifer L. Smith, Bryan Greenhouse, Michelle S. Hsiang, and Joy Yala
Subjects: History, medicine.medical_specialty, education.field_of_study, Polymers and Plastics, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Incidence (epidemiology), Population, Disease cluster, medicine.disease, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Serology, Malaria transmission, Hygiene, Sample size determination, Internal medicine, Tropical medicine, medicine, Multiplex, Business and International Management, education, Mass drug administration, business, Malaria, media_common
Abstract: Due to challenges in measuring changes in malaria in low transmission settings, serology is increasingly being used to complement clinical and parasitological surveillance. Longitudinal cohort studies have shown serological markers, such as Etramp5.Ag1, to be particularly discriminatory of spatio-temporal differences in malaria transmission. However, these markers have yet to be used as endpoints in intervention trials. This study is an extended analysis of a 2017 cluster randomised trial conducted in Zambezi Region, Namibia, evaluating the effectiveness of reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) and reactive vector control (RAVC). A panel of eight serological markers of Plasmodium falciparum infection - Etramp5.Ag1, GEXP18, HSP40.Ag1, Rh2.2030, EBA175, PfMSP119, PfAMA1, and PfGLURP.R2 - was used on a multiplex immunoassay to measure population antibody responses as trial endpoints.Reductions in sero-prevalence to antigens Etramp.Ag1, PfMSP119, Rh2.2030, and PfAMA1 were observed in study arms combining rfMDA and RAVC, but only effects for Etramp5.Ag1 were statistically significant. Etramp5.Ag1 sero-prevalence was significantly lower in all intervention arms. Compared to the reference arms, adjusted Etramp5.Ag1 prevalence ratio (aPR) was 0.77 (95%CI 0.65 – 0.90, pThe use of serological endpoints to evaluate trial outcomes was comparable to qPCR and measured effect size with improved precision. Serology has clear application in cluster randomised trials, particularly in settings where measuring clinical incidence or infection is less reliable due to seasonal fluctuations, limitations in health care seeking, or incomplete testing and reporting.Key questionsWhat is already known?▪Numerous serological studies across sub-Saharan Africa have found that malaria-specific antibody responses are highly correlated with malaria transmission.▪Serology is increasingly being used to complement traditional malaria surveillance data in settings where clinical or parasitological measures of incidence or infection may be less reliable due to fluctuations in parasite densities, limitations in health care seeking, or incomplete testing and reporting.▪The identification of new serological markers associated with recent malaria exposure hold promise as measures of malaria incidence. In previous longitudinal cohort studies, Etramp5.Ag1 has been shown to be a discriminatory serological marker capable of detecting spatio-temporal differences in malaria transmission. However, these markers have never been formally used as endpoints in a malaria cluster randomised trial.What are the new findings?▪This study is the first application of serological endpoints in a malaria cluster randomised trial. Using a multiplexed immunoassay, a panel of sero-incidence markers of recent malaria exposure were used to evaluate the effectiveness of reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) and reactive focal vector control (RAVC) compared to reactive case detection (standard of care) to reduce malaria transmission.▪Cluster-level antibody responses were significantly lower in all intervention arms compared to control, and effect sizes were measured with greater study power than other trial endpoints such as quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) parasite prevalence.What do the new findings imply?▪The findings from this study, together with ongoing innovations in assay design and multi-disease platforms, illustrate the potential application of serological markers as endpoints in cluster randomised trials. The use of serological endpoints can help achieve trial efficiencies, such as reduced sample size, particularly in low transmission settings or multi-intervention trials where measuring differences between study arms may be challenging with clinical or parasitological endpoints alone.
Published: 2021

35. Community acceptance of reactive focal mass drug administration and reactive focal vector control using indoor residual spraying, a mixed-methods study in Zambezi region, Namibia

Author: Brooke Whittemore, Alysse Maglior, Patrick McCreesh, Immo Kleinschmidt, Petrina Uusiku, Roly Gosling, Cara Smith Gueye, Henry Ntuku, Kimberly Baltzell, Davis R. Mumbengegwi, Michelle S. Hsiang, and Kathryn W. Roberts
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Community education, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Mosquito Control, lcsh:RC955-962, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Plasmodium falciparum, Indoor residual spraying, Psychological intervention, Malaria elimination, Mosquito Vectors, Microbiology, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, Qualitative and Mixed Methods, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Tropical Medicine, Environmental health, Health care, Medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, Mass drug administration, business.industry, Prevention, Public health, Research, Community Participation, Qualitative&#160, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, medicine.disease, Focus group, Namibia, Malaria, Vector-Borne Diseases, Community acceptability, Good Health and Well Being, and Mixed Methods, Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, HIV/AIDS, Parasitology, Infection, business, Reactive case detection
Abstract: Background In Namibia, as in many malaria elimination settings, reactive case detection (RACD), or malaria testing and treatment around index cases, is a standard intervention. Reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA), or treatment without testing, and reactive focal vector control (RAVC) in the form of indoor residual spraying, are alternative or adjunctive interventions, but there are limited data regarding their community acceptability. Methods A parent trial aimed to compare the effectiveness of rfMDA versus RACD, RAVC versus no RAVC, and rfMDA + RAVC versus RACD only. To assess acceptability of these interventions, a mixed-methods study was conducted using key informant interviews (KIIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) in three rounds (pre-trial and in years 1 and 2 of the trial), and an endline survey. Results In total, 17 KIIs, 49 FGDs were conducted with 449 people over three annual rounds of qualitative data collection. Pre-trial, community members more accurately predicted the level of community acceptability than key stakeholders. Throughout the trial, key participant motivators included: malaria risk perception, access to free community-based healthcare and IRS, and community education by respectful study teams. RACD or rfMDA were offered to 1372 and 8948 individuals in years 1 and 2, respectively, and refusal rates were low ( Conclusions Communities found both reactive focal interventions and their combination highly acceptable. Engaging communities and centering and incorporating their perspectives and experiences during design, implementation, and evaluation of this community-based intervention was critical for optimizing study engagement.
Published: 2021

36. Institutional factors associated with adherence to enhanced recovery protocols for colorectal surgery: Secondary analysis of a multicenter study

Author: Andres Zorrilla-Vaca, Alexander B. Stone, Javier Ripolles-Melchor, Ane Abad-Motos, Jose M. Ramirez-Rodriguez, Patricia Galan-Menendez, Gabriel E. Mena, Michael C. Grant, Cristina Garcia-Perez, Eva Higuera-Míguelez, José M. Marcos-Vidal, María Merino-García, Ana B. Rubio-López, María E. Pascual-Diez, Francisco J. García-Miguel, Luis R. Cabezudo-Sanjose, Ruth Martínez-Díaz, Sara Alegría-Rebollo, José L. González-Rodríguez, María S. Vega-Cruz, Gema Martínez-Ragüés, Manuel A. Gómez-Ríos, Eva Mosquera-Rodríguez, Sara Del-Río-Regueira, Domingo Bustos-García, María P. Sánchez-Conde, Antonio Rodríguez-Calvo, María A. Hernández-Valero, María Angoso-Clavijo, Luis M. González-Fernández, Miguel A. Bravo-Riaño, María V. Arnes-Muñoz, José R. Perez-Valdivieso, Marta Martin-Vizcaino, Susana Hernandez-Garcia, Francisco J. Yoldi-Murillo, Miguel Salvador-Bravo, Manuela Rubial-Alvarez, Fabiola Oteiza-Martinez, Enrique Balen-Rivera, José A. Garcia-Erce, Ana Zugasti-Murillo, María E. Petrina-Jáuregui, Filadelfo Bustos-Molina, Daniel Paz-Martín, Bárbara Vázquez-Vicente, Lourdes González-López, Conrado Mínguez-Marín, Susana Diz-Jueguen, Jaime Seoane-Antelo, Julio Ballinas-Miranda, Ester Carrera-Dacosta, Erica Barreiro-Domínguez, Alexandra Piñeiro-Teijeiro, Raquel Sanchez-Santos, Marina Varela-Duran, Pilar Diaz-Parada, Aránzazu Calero-Lillo, Manuel Ángel López-Lara, Salvador Muñoz-Collado, Juan Valverde-Sintas, Silvia Aznar-Puig, Daniel Troyano-Escribano, Sandra Marmaña-Mezquita, Jesús Fernanz-Antón, Lucia Catot-Alemany, Jaume Balust, Marta Ubré, Carlos Ferrando-Ortolá, Graciela Martínez-Pallí, Ainitze Ibarzabal, Antonio M. Lacy, Rubén Sánchez-Martín, Karina Martins-Cruz, Paula Pérez-Jiménez, Rubén Casans-Francés, Javier Longás, José M. Ramírez Rodríguez, Ana Mugarra-Llopis, Cristina Crisan, Estefanía Gracia-Ferrándiz, Esther Romero-Vargas, Marina Soro-Domingo, Rita Rodríguez-Jiménez, Blanca Prada-Martin, Henar Muñoz-Hernández, José I. Gómez Herrera, Sara Cocho-Crespo, Sandra Fernández-Caballero, Miguel Flores-Crespo, Andrea Vázquez-Fernández, Carlo Brugiotti, Estefanía Ollé-Sese, Carla R. Houghton-Acuña, Marta López-Doucil, Ernesto A. Tarazona-López, Iván BEL-Marcobal, Sonia González-Cogollor, Manuel Llácer-Pérez, Alberto Arias-Romano, María C. Arrabal-Taborda, Mercedes Caballero-Domínguez, Rafael García-López, Julio Ontoria-Muriel, Antonio Vivó-Blasco, Francisco J. Blanco, Enrique DEL-Cojo-Peces, Jose M. Tena-Guerrero, Aitor Landaluce-Olavarria, Izaskun Badiola, Marta Calvo, Unai DE-Andres, Vicente Portugal-Porras, Bakarne Ugarte-Sierra, Ana Pedregosa-Sanz, Laura Perelló-Cerdà, Yobanys Rodríguez-Téllez, Joanna Grössl-Meleán, Xavier Viñas-Truñén, Enrique Alday-Muñoz, Elena Bermejo-Marcos, Pedro A. Alonso-Casado, Francisco A. Gimeno-Calvo, Ana Rodriguez-Sánchez, Carmen Montes-López, Laura Álvarez-Llano, María J. FAS-Vicent, Juan M. Ortega-Monzó, Gustavo Flores-Flores, José L. Tristancho, Montserrat Bayo-Sans, María C. Deiros-Garcia, María L. GIL-Gómez, Lourdes Parra, Vanesa Tejedor-DE-LA-Fuente, Carlos Jericó-Alba, Núria Borrell-Brau, David Camacho-Martín, Jose L. Ortiz-DE-Zarate, Daniel López-Ruiz, Vicens Rodriguez-Bustamante, M. Martinez-Vilalta, Daniel Amoros-Ruiz, Marc Sadurni-Sarda, Fernando A.L.C.A.L.D.E. Matas, Hernán Giordano, Jose M. Perez Peña, Luis Olmedilla-Arnal, Pilar Benito-SAZ, Elena López-GIL, Adela Ruiz-Ortega, Sara Zapatero-García, Emilio DEL-Valle-García, Víctor Soria-Aledo, Carmen V. Pérez-Guarinos, Enrique Pellicer-Franco, Graciela Valero-Navarro, Mónica Mengual-Ballester, José Andrés García-Marín, Manuel Romero-Simó, Ibán Caravaca-García, Teresa Blasco-Segura, Carlos F. Campo-Betancourth, Rafael David Costa-Navarro, Laura Jordá-Sanz, María I. DE-Miguel-Cabrera, José M. España-Pamplona, Silvia GIL-Trujillo, Francisco J. Redondo-Calvo, Víctor Baladrón-Gónzalez, Remedios Moreno-Ballesteros, José L. Muñoz-Rodes, Elena Miranda, Marta Roselló-Chornet, Lourdes Alós-Zaragoza, Juan Catalá-Bauset, María A. Pallardo-López, Noemí Almenara-Almenara, Lorena Muñoz-Devesa, Benito Alcaide-Pardo, Pablo Gimeno-Fernández, José L. Gómez-Agraz, Carla Iglesias-Morales, Paola B. Ordoñez-Enireb, Ana M. Ríos-Villalba, Joselvy Rodríguez-Pinto, Sergio Sánchez-Cortés, María J. Montoya-Tabares, Vicente Ruiz, Francisco González-Sánchez, Víctor Soriano-Giménez, José M. Muñoz-Camarena, Jorge Benavides-Buleje, Juan C. Estupiñán-Jiménez, Irene Portero-Larragueta, David Alias, María J. Alberola-Estellés, Óscar Díaz-Cambronero, María S. Matoses-Jaén, María D. Ruiz-Boluda, Carlos Maristany-Bienert, José A. Pardo-López, Álvaro Ramiro-Ruiz, Pablo García, Arantza Martínez-DE-Guereñu, Belinda Montalbán, Claudia Olea, David Benguría, Javier Silva, Adriana Calderón, Jordi Escoll-Rufino, Carlos Cerdan-Santacruz, José E. Sierra-Grañón, María Rufas-Acín, Nuria Mestres-Petit, Ingrid C. Penagos-Saavedra, Cristina Moreno-Castilla, Jordi Riera-RIU, Ana Cuellar-Martínez, R.C. González-Álvarez, Míriam Sánchez-Merchante, Santiago García-DEL-Valle-Y-Manzano, Sara García-Zamorano, Natalia Gijón-Herreros, Patricia Robles-Ángel, Margarita Logroño-Ejea, Rodrigo Sanllorente-Sebastian, Maria C. Villalain-Perez, Mihaela Siclama-Stroe, Judith Benítez-Villar, Alberto Sánchez-Campos, Alberto Martínez-Ruiz, Patricia Alonso-Carnicero, Francisco J. DE-LA-Torre-González, Carolina Naranjo-Checa, Fernando Pereira-Pérez, Elena Ruiz-Ucar, Alfredo Rivera, Cristina GIL-Lapetra, Enrique Roca-Castillo, María L. Mariscal-Flores, Mario Morales-Cayuela, Irene Alonso-Ramos, Virginia Jiménez-Carneros, Lucas Casalduero-Garcia, Javier Jimenez-Miramón, L. José, Eva M. Nogués-Ramia, Yolanda Sosa-Quesada, Alonso Gómez, Laura M. Martínez-Meco-Ortiz, Mercedes Cabellos-Olivares, José R. Rodríguez-Fraile, María Labalde-Martínez, null Ramos-Rodríguez, Beatriz Nacarino-Alcorta, Raquel Fernández-García, Borja DE-LA-Quintana-Gordon, Justyna Drewniak, Fátima Senra-L, Pablo Galindo-Jara, Ana B. Gallardo-Herrera, Cesar García-Llorente, Laura Colao-García, Luz-Divina Rellan-Álvarez, Miguel Miro-Murillo, Sahely-CLARET Flores-Risco, Jordi Serrat-Puyol, Adrian Medina-Gallardo, Yuhami Mitsahid-Curbelo-Peña, null Orenzana, Alfredo Abad-Gurumeta, Norma Aracil-Escoda, Eugenio Martínez-Hurtado, Beatriz Nozal-Mateo, Elena Sáez-Ruiz, Rut Salvachua-Fernández, Javier Ripollés-Melchor, María L. DE-Fuenmayor-Valera, Elena Sánchez, Begoña Toribio, Antonio Navarro-Sánchez, José López-Fernández, Dácil Montesdeoca-Cabrera, Francisco J. Alcalá-Serrano, Azahara Sancho-DE-Avila, Sofia Diaz-Carrasco, Almudena Martín-Martín, Alejandro Suarez-DE-LA-Rica, Rafael UÑA-Orejón, Emilio Maseda, Guillermo Tejón-Pérez, María V. Alfaro-Martínez, Marta Alonso-Fernández, María A. Álvarez-Cebrián, María J. Álvarez-DEL-Vayo-Rodríguez, Mariana Carrillo-Rivas, María Fernández-Rodríguez, Sonia Trabanco-Morán, José L. Rábago-Morán, Javier Martínez-Ubieto, Ana M. Pascual-Bellosta, Sonia M. Ortega-Lucea, Maria P. Santero-Ramirez, Maria V. Duque-Mallen, Cristian Aragon-Benedi, Andrea Vallejo-Tarrat, Carmen Colillas-Calvet, Maria J. Laso, Javier Martinez-Cabañero, Javier Hernández-Salván, Beatriz Ledesma-Muñoz, Carolina Ochoa-Osorio, Máximo Sanz-García, Begoña Herrero-Garrote, Alma Blázquez-Martin, Manuel Díez-Alonso, Pilar Hernández-Juara, José M. Muguerza-Huguet, Macarena Barbero-Mielgo, Belén SAN-Antonio-SAN-Román, Laura Alonso-Aguilar, Viktoria Molnar, María C. Delgado-Naviero, Encarnación Meléndez-Leal, Virginia Cavero-García, África Fernández-Sánchez, Daniela A. Cubek-Quevedo, Rocío D.Í.E.Z. Munar, Francisco J. Blázquez-Fernández-DE-LA Pradilla, Ana B. Serrano, Alberto Balvís, Alberto Berruezo, Elena Esparza, Inés D.E.L.A. HOZ, Ana Palavicini, Lucia Pereira, Ximena Vega, Judith Villahoz, Gema Villanueva, José I. Alonso-Fernández, César Aldecoa, Clara Bolaño-Pérez, Teresa Villán-González, Astrid Batalla, G. Azparren, M. Basttita, M. Felipe, L. Cueva, Marta Gine, A.M. Gómez-Caro, I. India, S. Piñol, Neus Esteve-Pérez, Carlos Mora-Fernández, Ana Ferrer-Robles, Juan J. Segura-Sampedro, Natalia Alonso-Hernández, Angels Camps-Cervantes, Ivette Chocrón-DA-Prat, Carolina C. Coronado-Silva, Héctor Duque-Santos, Elena Esclapez-Sempere, Patricia Galan-Menéndez, Silvia Matarín-Olmo, M.P. Tormos-Pérez, Laura Villarino-Villa, Héctor Bergés-Gutiérrez, Miguel Aisa-Gasca, Verónica Arbona-Camillero, José D. Bautista-González, Francisco J. Carballido-Pascual, Mercedes Gutiérrez-Moreno, Ana Muñoz-Durán, Jesús Cañete-Gómez, Esther Cáceres-Fabrega, José M. Lorente-Herce, Octavio Mulet-Zayas, Rocío Gómez-Pérez, Cristina Monje-Salazar, Luis Lobato-Bancalero, Carmelo Torres-Moreno, Elena Sanchez-Cárdenas, Juan J. Daza-González, Teresa Sanchez-Viguera, Antonio DEL-Fresno-Asensio, Laura Bermudez-Román, José L. Jover-Pinillos, Francisco J. Orts-Micó, Coral Cózar-Lozano, Olga Blasco-Delgado, Andrea Nonnemacher-SAN-Julián, José A. Pérez, Laura D.U.R.Á.N. Cruces, and Pablo Renedo-Corcóstegui
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Perioperative medicine, Quality management, business.industry, Colorectal surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Patient satisfaction, Enhanced recovery, 030202 anesthesiology, Multidisciplinary approach, Spain, Anesthesiology, Anesthesia, Secondary analysis, Emergency medicine, Medicine, Humans, Multicenter Studies as Topic, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Colorectal Surgery
Abstract: Adherence to Enhanced Recovery Protocols (ERPs) is associated with faster functional recovery, better patient satisfaction, lower complication rates and reduced length of hospital stay. Understanding institutional barriers and facilitators is essential for improving adherence to ERPs. The purpose of this study was to identify institutional factors associated with adherence to an ERP for colorectal surgery.A secondary analysis of a nationwide study was conducted including 686 patients who underwent colorectal surgery across twenty-one institutions in Spain. Adherence to ERPs was calculated based upon the components recommended by the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) Society. Institutional characteristics (i.e., case volume, ERP duration, anesthesia staff size, multidisciplinary meetings, leadership discipline) were captured from each participating program. Multivariable regression was performed to determine characteristics associated with adherence.The median adherence to ERAS was 68.2% (IQR 59.1%-81.8%). Multivariable linear regression revealed that anesthesiologist leadership (+5.49%, 95%CI +2.81% to +8.18%, P 0.01), duration of ERAS implementation (+0.46% per year, 95%CI +0.06% to +0.86%, P 0.01) and the use of regular multidisciplinary meetings (+4.66%, 95%CI +0.06 to +7.74%, P 0.01) were independently associated with greater adherence. Case volume (-2.38% per 4 cases weekly, 95%CI -3.03 to -1.74, P 0.01) and number of anesthesia providers (-1.19% per 10 providers, 95%CI +2.23 to -8.18%, P 0.01) were negatively associated with adherence.Adherence to ERPs is strongly associated with anesthesiology leadership, regular multidisciplinary meetings, and program duration, whereas case volume and the size of the anesthesia staff were potential barriers. These findings highlight the importance of strong leadership, experience and establishing a multidisciplinary team when developing an ERP for colorectal surgery.
Published: 2021

37. Spatio-temporal ensemble predictions for wind and solar energy combining dispersion modelling methods and machine learning

Author: Delia Arnold, Irene Schicker, Elisa Perrone, and Petrina Papazek
Subjects: Meteorology, business.industry, Computer science, Atmospheric dispersion modeling, Solar energy, business
Abstract: With the increasing usage of renewable energy systems to meet the climate agreement aims accurate predictions of the possible amount of energy production stemming from renewable energy systems are needed. The need for such predictions and their uncertainty is manifold: to estimate the load on the power grid, to take measures in case of too much/not enough renewable energy with reduced nuclear energy availability, rescheduling/adjusting of energy production, maintenance, trading, and more. Furthermore, TSOs and energy providers need the information as finegrained, spatially and temporarily, as possible, on third level hub or even on solar farm / wind turbine level for a comparatively large area.These needs pose a challenge to numerical weather prediction (NWP) post-processing methods. Typically, one uses selected NWP fields aswell as observations, if available, as input in post-processing methods. Here, we combine two post-processing methods namely a neural network and random forest approach with the Flex_extract algorithm. Flex_extract is the pre-processing algorithm for the langrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART and the trajectory model FLEXTRA. Flex_extract uses the three-dimensional wind fields of the NWP model and calculates additionally the instantaneous surfaces fluxes. Thus, coupling Flex_extract with a machine learning post-processing algorithm enables the usage of native NWP fields with a higher vertical accuracy than pressure levels. To generate an ensmeble in post-processing from deterministic sources different tools are available. Here, we will apply the Schaake Shuffle. In this study a neural network and random forest approach for probabilistic forecasting with a high horizontal grid resolution (1 km ) as well as a high temporal forecasting frequency of wind speed and global horizontal irradiance for Austria will be presented. Evaluation will be carried out against gridded analysis fields and observations.
Published: 2021

38. A deep learning LSTM forecasting approach for renewable energy systems

Author: Irene Schicker and Petrina Papazek
Subjects: Computer science, business.industry, Renewable energy system, Deep learning, Artificial intelligence, business, Industrial engineering
Abstract: In this study, we address point-forecasting using a deep learning LSTM-approach for renewable energy systems with focus on the short- to medium-range. Hourly resolution (medium-range) as well as 10-minute resolution (nowcasting) are the anticipated forecasting frequency. The forecasting approach is applied to: (i) wind speed at 10 meters height (observation sites), (ii) wind speed at hub-height of wind turbines, and (iii) solar power forecasts for selected solar power plants.As input to the proposed method numerical weather prediction (NWP) data, gridded observations (analysis and/or reanalysis), and point data are used. The data of studied test-cases is extracted from the Austrian TAWES system (Teilautomatische Wetterstationen, meteorological observations in 10-minute intervals), SCADA data of wind farms, solar power output of a solar power plant, INCA's (Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis) gridded observation fields, reanalysis fields from Merra2 and Era5-land, as well as, NWP data from the ECMWF IFS (European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast’s Integrated Forecasting System). These data-sources embrace very different temporal and spatial semantics, thus, careful pre-processing was carried out. Four daily runs over the course of one year for 12 synoptic sites + 38 wind turbines + 1 solar power plant test locations are conducted.The advantage of an LSTM architecture is that it includes recurrent steps in the ANN and, thus, is useful especially for time-series, such as meteorological observations or NWP forecasts. So far, comparatively few attempts have been made to integrate time-series with different semantics of a sensor network and physical models in one LSTM. We tackle this issue by conserving the time-steps of the delayed NWP along with their difference to recently observed time-series and, additionally, separate them into forecasting-intervals (e.g., of 3 to 12 subsequent forecasting hours being shortest in nowcasting). This enables us to employ a sequence-to-sequence LSTM based artificial neural network (ANN). The benefit of a sequence-to-sequence setup is to match an input- and output time-series in each sample, thereby, learning complex temporal relationships. To fully use the advantage of the diverse data a tailored pre- and post-processing of these heterogenous data sources in the renewable energy applications is needed.The ANN’s results yield, in general, high forecast-skills, indicating a successful learning based on the used training data. Different combinations of inputs and processing-steps were investigated. It is shown that combining various data sources and implement an adequate pre- and post-processing yields the most promising results in the case studies (e.g.: a heuristic to estimate produced power based on the meteorological parameters and prediction of the offset to NWPs tailored to the studied location). Results are compared to traditional forecast methods and statistical methods such as a random forest and multiple-linear-regression.
Published: 2021

39. Harmonisation and Emergence Concerning the Performance Audit of the EU Member States’ Public Sector. Romania’s Case

Author: Cristina-Petrina Drăgușin, Aurelia Ștefănescu, and Ileana Cosmina Pitulice
Subjects: supreme audit institutions, content analysis, disclosure index, Geography, Planning and Development, TJ807-830, Context (language use), Accounting, Harmonization, Romanian regulations, Audit, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, TD194-195, Performance audit, Renewable energy sources, Information asymmetry, 0502 economics and business, 050602 political science & public administration, Member state, public sector performance, GE1-350, Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, business.industry, harmonisation, 05 social sciences, Public sector, longitudinal analysis, International Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions (ISSAI), 050201 accounting, Transparency (behavior), 0506 political science, Environmental sciences, performance audit, Business, external public audit
Abstract: The complexity of the public sector generated by the mobilisation and use of significant financial resources, national cultural factors, the heterogeneity of the provision of public services, the numerous interested parties, the increasing demand for the quality of public services, the information asymmetry, require an actor to provide credible assurance regarding the proper management of public financial resources. In this context, performance audits are the link between public sector entities and stakeholders. The research has two components: the first component analyzes the degree of harmonization of the regulations specific to the performance audit in Romania with the International Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions (ISSAI), the second component analyses the degree of transparency of performance audit information by the SAIs of the EU Member States, through their official websites. In this regard, we have resorted to an in-depth longitudinal study, content analysis and disclosure index. The research results highlighted that the Romanian SAI has adopted in its normative framework the foremost ISSAI provisions on performance audit and the harmonization degree has systematically improved correlative with the regulatory revisions. The degree of disclosure for performance audit-specific information by the EU member state SAIs is high.
Published: 2021

40. Management of Asymptomatic Hypoglycemia With Dextrose Oral Gel at 40% in Near Term at-risk Infants to Reduce Intensive Care Need and Promote Breastfeeding

Author: Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, F. Meneghin, Gianluca Lista, Francesco Cavigioli, Francesca Castoldi, Irene Daniele, Martina Manzalini, Petrina Bastrenta, and Miriam Acunzo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Intensive care, medicine, Breastfeeding, medicine.symptom, Hypoglycemia, Intensive care medicine, medicine.disease, business, Asymptomatic, Term (time)
Abstract: Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common disorder especially in at-risk infants and it can be associated with poor long-term neurological outcomes. Several therapeutic interventions are suggested, from the implementation of breastfeeding to the glucose intravenous administration. Oral dextrose gel massaged into the infant’s inner cheek is a recent treatment option of asymptomatic hypoglycemia, after which oral feeding is encouraged. This approach seems to reduce the admission of infants to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) so favouring maternal bonding and breastfeeding success at discharge. Methods: In our unit we recently implemented the protocol for the management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia with the introduction of dextrose oral gel at 40%. Therefore we compared two cohorts of near term at-risk infants with asymptomatic hypoglycemia: a historical group managed with our old protocol and the second one prospectively followed after the introduction of dextrose gel at 40%. Results: Primary outcome was occurrence of NICU admission and glucose intravenous needs; breastfeeding success was the secondary outcome. Infants in the dextrose oral gel group showed statistically lower need of NICU admission and higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge compared with infants of the historical group. Conclusions: In our population the introduction of dextrose oral gel at 40% to the protocol, helped in the safe management of asymptomatic hypoglycemia in near term infants and, at the same time, implemented breastfeeding.
Published: 2021

41. Azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial

Author: Eugenia Abaleke, Mustafa Abbas, Sadia Abbasi, Alfie Abbott, Ashraf Abdelaziz, Sherif Abdelbadiee, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Basir Abdul, Althaf Abdul Rasheed, Rezan Abdul-Kadir, Abdulfatahi Abdulmumeen, Niyaz Abdulshukkoor, Kula Abdusamad, Yazeed Abed El Khaleq, Mai Abedalla, Abeer UA Abeer Ul Amna, Adebanke Aboaba, Hani Abo-Leyah, Ahmed Abou-Haggar, Mahmoud Abouibrahim, Miriam Abraham, Tizzy Abraham, Abraheem Abraheem, Judith Abrams, Hyacinth-John Abu, Ahmad Abu-Arafeh, Syed M Abubacker, Akata Abung, Yaa Aceampong, Devikumar Acharya, Janet Acheson, Andres Acosta, Catherine Acton, Jacqueline Adabie-Ankrah, Fiona Adam, Matthew Adam, Huzaifa Adamali, Carol Adams, Kate Adams, Richard Adams, Tim Adams, Malgorzata Adamus, Kirsty Adcock, Aderonke Adebiyi, Ken Adegoke, Vicki Adell, Aldrin Adeni, Sherna Adenwalla, Oluwasegun A Adesemoye, Emmanuel O Adewunmi, Joyce Adeyemi, Elizabeth Adeyeye, Gabrielle Adkins, Adnan Adnan, John Aeron-Thomas, Lynn Afari, Debbie Affleck, Carmel Afnan, Deborah Afolabi, Muhammad Afridi, Rachel Agbeko, Chris Agbo, Sunil Aggarwal, Arameh Aghababaie, Judith Agwada-Akeru, Kwame A Agyapong, Shafana Ahamed Sadiq, Mohamed H Ahammed Nazeer, Jonathan Ah-Chuen, Mahin Ahmad, Ashar Ahmed, Bilal Ahmed, Forizuddin Ahmed, Iram Ahmed, Irshad Ahmed, Liban Ahmed, Maria C Ahmed, Muhammad S Ahmed, Naseer Ahmed, Nausheen Ahmed, Osama Ahmed, Rajia A Ahmed, Rizwan Ahmed, Saif Ahmed, Sammiya Ahmed, Sara Ahmed, Syed H Ahmed, Roa Ahmed Ali, Sana Ahmer, Dhiraj Ail, Adam Ainsley, Mark Ainsworth, Myriam Aissa, Lucy Aitchson, Lindianne Aitken, Bini Ajay, Abdulakeem Ajibode, Ayesha Ajmi, Muhammad N Akhtar, Nasim Akhtar, Suha Akili, Oludoyinsola Akindolie, Yinka Akinfenwa, Olugbenga Akinkugbe, Ibrahim Akinpelu, Umeh Akudo, Asma Al Balushi, Majd Al Dakhola, Narendra Aladangady, Sajid Alam, Abbas Al-Asadi, Kyriaki Alatzoglou, Lorraine Albon, Stephen Alcorn, Aggie Aldana, David Alderdice, Rayan Aldouri, Jonathan Aldridge, Nicolas Aldridge, Ana Alegria, Alison Alexander, John Alexander, Peter DG Alexander, Julyan Al-Fori, Bahij Al-Hakim, Shams Al-Hity, Ali Ali, Anyat Ali, Fawzia R Ali, Jawad Ali, Mariam Ali, Mohammad Ali, Oudai Ali, Sakina Ali, Syed Ali, Abid Alina, Katrin Alizaedeh, Maithem Al-Jibury, Moutaz Alkhusheh, Alison Allanson, Robert Allcock, Eireann Allen, Jonathan Allen, Kerry Allen, Louise Allen, Rebecca Allen, Sam Allen, Sharon Allen, Simon Allen, Kathryn Allison, Bethan Allman, Lynne Allsop, Christine Almadenboyle, Hassan Al-Moasseb, Magda Al-Obaidi, Lina Alomari, Akram Al-Rabahi, Bahar Al-Ramadhani, Zayneb Al-Saadi, Warkaq Al-Shamkhani, Bashar Al-Sheklly, Mary Alvarez, Maysaa Alzetani, Susan Amamou, Sakarai Ambalavanan, Sarah-Jayne Ambler, Robert Ambrogetti, Chris Ambrose, Amir Ameen, Maria R Amezaga, Allison Amin, Amina Amin, Kanish Amin, Amjad Amjad, Victoria Amosun, Khaled Amsha, Atul Anand, Samantha Anandappa, Julie Anderson, Laura Anderson, Michelle Anderson, Nicola Anderson, Rachel Anderson, Rory Anderson, Prematie Andreou, Angela Andrews, Jill Andrews, Kanayochukwu Aneke, Andrew Ang, Wan Wei Ang, Tammy Angel, Paola Angelini, Lazarus Anguvaa, Oleg Anichtchik, Millicent Anim-Somuah, Krishnan Aniruddhan, Alpha Anthony, Aaron Anthony-Pillai, Philip Antill, Zhelyazkova Antonina, Varghese Anu, Muhammad Anwar, Aristeidis Apostolopoulos, Sarah Appleby, Diane Appleyard, Bianca Araba, Angela Aramburo, Ann Archer, Denise Archer, Simon Archer, Christian Ardley, Ana-Maria Arias, Ryoki Arimoto, Charlotte Arkley, Charlotte Armah, Ilianna Armata, Adam Armitage, Ceri Armstrong, Maureen Armstrong, Sonia Armstrong, Philippa Armtrong, Heike Arndt, Clare Arnison-Newgass, David Arnold, Rachael Arnold, Dhawal Arora, Pardeep Arora, Rishi Arora, Arslam Arter, Ganesh Arunachalam, Rita Arya, Salma Asam, Denisa Asandei, Adeeba Asghar, Catherine Ashbrook-Raby, Helen Ashby, Jan Ashcroft, John Ashcroft, Ayesha Ashfaq, Abdul Ashish, Sally Ashman-Flavell, Sundar Ashok, Muhammad Z Ashraf, Saima Ashraf, Mohammad B Ashraq, Deborah Ashton, Susan Ashton, Andrew Ashworth, Rebecca Ashworth, Harshini Asogan, Julia Asplin, Atif Asrar, Omar Assaf, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Deborah Athorne, Christopher Atkins, Stacey Atkins, John Atkinson, Vicki Atkinson, Ahmed Attiq, Paula Aubrey, Suzannah August, Aye CT Aung, Hnin Aung, Kyaw Thu Aung, Nini Aung, Zaw Myo Aung, Emily Austin, Karen Austin, Miriam Avery, Joanne Avis, Cristina Avram, Paula Avram, Gabriel Awadzi, Aszad Aya, Eman Ayaz, Amanda Ayers, Vivek Ayra, Jawwad Azam, Mohammed Azharuddin, Ghazala Aziz, Ashaari Azman Shah, Giada Azzopardi, Hocine Azzoug, Nasaruilla Babajan, Fiyinfoluwa Babatunde, Melvin Babi, Babiker Babiker, Gayna Babington, Matthew Babirecki, Adetona O Babs-Osibodu, Gina Bacon, Jenny Bacon, Bibi Badal, Gurpreet R Badhan, Shreya Badhrinarayanan, Joseph Bae, Alice Baggaley, Amy Baggott, Graham Bagley, Dinesh Bagmane, Kasra Bahadori, Gayathri Baijiu, Charles Bailey, Julie Bailey, Katie Bailey, Lindsey Bailey, Liz Bailey, Morgan Bailey, Peter Bailey, Hamish Baillie, Kenneth Baillie, Jennifer Bain, Karen Bain, Becky Bainton, David Baird, Yolanda Baird, Aiysha Bajandouh, Evelyn Baker, Johanne Baker, Kenneth Baker, Pearl Baker, Hugh Bakere, Nawar Bakerly, Michelle Baker-Moffatt, Panos Bakoulas, Abhijit Bal, Niranjan Balachandran, Irvin Balagosa, Andrea Balan, Theodosios Balaskas, Madhu Balasubramaniam, Alison Balcombe, Cheryl Baldwick, Alexander Baldwin, Ashley Baldwin, Danielle Baldwin, Lisa Baldwin, Rebekah Baldwin-Jones, James Balfour, Ceri Ball, Craig Balmforth, Gabby Bambridge, Alasdair Bamford, Amy Bamford, Peter Bamford, Adefunke Bamgboye, Kasun Bamunuarachchi, Elizabeth Bancroft, Hollie Bancroft, Joyce Banda, Srini Bandi, Nageswar Bandla, Somaditya Bandyopadhyam, Ritwik Banerjee, Sandip Banerjee, Harrison Banks, Luke Banks, Daniel Banner, Oliver Bannister, Christopher Bannon, Laura Banton, Mariamma Baptist, Tanya Baqai, Ananya M Baral, Desislava Baramova, Russell Barber, Emma Barbon, Monica Barbosa, Jamie Barbour, Alexander Barclay, Charlotte Barclay, Stephanie Bareford, Shahedal Bari, Amy Barker, Debbie Barker, Joseph B Barker, Leon Barker, Oliver Barker, Kerry Barker-Williams, Sinha Barkha, Juliana Barla, Gavin Barlow, Richard Barlow, James Barnacle, Alex Barnard, Debi Barnes, Nicky Barnes, Amy Barnett, Debra Barnett, Ashton Barnett-Vanes, William Barnsley, Andrew Barr, David Barr, Shaney Barratt, Manuella Barrera, Fiona Barrett, Jessica Barrett, Jazz Bartholomew, Sarah Bartholomew, Claire Bartlett, Georgina Bartlett, Greg Barton, Jill Barton, Rachael Barton, Rosaleen Baruah, Sonia Baryschpolec, Archana Bashyal, Betsy Basker, Ayten Basoglu, Amira Bassaly, G Bassett, Bengisu Bassoy, Anupam Basumatary, Adam Bataineh, Freddie Batalla, Tristan Bate, Harry John Bateman, Kathryn Bateman, Vhairi Bateman, Eleanor Bates, Hayley Bates, Michelle Bates, Rizvan Batha, Sally Batham, Ana Batista, Amit Batla, Dushyant Batra, Harry Batty, Thomas Batty, Miranda Baum, Carina Bautista, Fatima S Bawani, Simon Bax, Matt Baxter, Nicola Baxter, Hannah Bayes, Farid Bazari, Rohit Bazaz, Ahmad Bazli, Laura Beacham, Hannah Beadle, Wendy Beadles, Philip Beak, Andy Beale, Kathy Beardsal, Jack Bearpark, Karen Beaumont, Matthew Beaumont, Dawn Beaumont-Jewell, Theresa Beaver, Sarah Beavis, Christy Beazley, Sarah Beck, Virginia Beckett, Rosie Beckitt, Heidi Beddall, Seonaid Beddows, Deborah Beeby, Michelle Beecroft, Sally Beer, Jane Beety, Gabriela Bega, Alison Begg, Susan Begg, Sara Beghini, Ayesha Begum, Safia Begum, Teresa Behan, Roya Behrouzi, Jon Beishon, Claire Beith, James Belcher, Holly Belfield, Katherine Belfield, Ajay Belgaumkar, Dina Bell, Gareth Bell, Gillian Bell, Lauren Bell, Louise Bell, Nicholas Bell, Stephanie Bell, Jennifer L Bell, Mary Bellamy, Arianna Bellini, Amanda Bellis, Fionn Bellis, Lesley Bendall, Naveena Benesh, Nicola Benetti, Leonie Benham, Guy Benison-Horner, Ann Bennett, Caroline Bennett, Gillian Bennett, Kristopher Bennett, Lorraine Bennett, Sara Bennett, Vivienne Benson, Andrew Bentley, Ian Benton, Eva Beranova, Matthew Beresford, Colin Bergin, Malin Bergstrom, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Thomas Berriman, Zoe Berry, Kimberley Best, Yvonne Beuvink, Emily Bevan, Sarah Bevins, Tom Bewick, Helen Bexhell, Andrew Bexley, Sonay Beyatli, Fenella Beynon, Arjun Bhadi, Sanjay Bhagani, Shweta Bhagat, Shiv Bhakta, Rekha Bhalla, Mahesh Bhalme, Khushpreet Bhandal, Kulbinder Bhandal, Ravina Bhanot, Prashanth Bhat, Nikhil Bhatia, Rahul Bhatnagar, Janki Bhayani, Deepika Bhojwani, Salimuzzaman Bhuiyan, Anna Bibby, Naheeda Bibi, Salma Bibi, Tihana Bicanic, Julie Bigg, Sarah Biggs, Alphonsa Biju, Andras Bikov, Sophie Billingham, Jessica Billings, Alice Binns, Oliver Bintcliffe, Catherine Birch, Janine Birch, Jenny Birch, Katherine Birchall, Sam Bird, Sumedha Bird, Mark Birt, Kilanalei Bishop, Linda Bishop, Lisa Bishop, Nibedan Biswas, Sahar Biuk, Karen Blachford, Ethel Black, Helen Black, Karen Black, Mairead Black, Polly Black, Sabrina Black, Bethan Blackledge, Joanne Blackler, Samantha Blackley, Helen Blackman, Caroline Blackstock, Francesca Blakemore, Helen Blamey, Sujata Blane, Simon Blankley, Parry Blaxill, Jane Blazeby, Natalie Blencowe, Ben Bloom, Angela Bloss, Hannah Bloxham, Louise Blundell, Susara Blunden, Mark Blunt, Ian Blyth, Kevin Blyth, Andrew Blythe, Karen Bobruk, Pritesh Bodalia, Neena Bodasing, Gabriele Boehmer, Marta Boffito, Sumit Bokhandi, Maria Bokhar, Saba Bokhari, Sakina Bokhari, Syed Owais Bokhari, Ambrose Boles, Matthew Bolton, Helena Bond, Stuart Bond, Thomas Bond, Alice Bone, Georgia Boniface, Lizzy Bonney, Joanne Borbone, Stephanie Borg, Catherine Borra, Samuel Bosompem, Liam Botfield, Fiona Bottrill, Hannah Bouattia, Laura Bough, Hayley Boughton, Zoe Boult, Miriam Bourke, Karen Bourne, Michelle Bourne, Rachel Bousefield, Lucy Boustred, Alexandra Bowes, Amy Bowes, Philip Bowker, Louise Bowman, Simon Bowman, Angie Bowring, Geetha Boyapati, Jenny Boyd, Laura Boyd, Namoi Boyle, Pauline Boyle, Rosalind Boyle, Louise Boyles, Leanna Brace, Jodie Bradder, Clare J Bradley, Pamela Bradley, Patrick Bradley, Joanne Bradley-Potts, Lynne Bradshaw, Zena Bradshaw, Rebecca Brady, Shirin Brady, Marie Branch, Emily Brandl-Salutz, Christina Branfield, Jamie Brannigan, Louise Brassington, Fiona Bray, Nancy Bray, Manny Brazil, Lucy Brear, Tracy Brear, Stephen Brearey, Morwenna Brend, Andrew Brereton, Chris Brewer, Gavin Bridgwood, Sara Brigham, John Bright, Christopher Brightling, Elaine Brinkworth, Robin Brittain-Long, Vianne Britten, Lauren Broad, Sarah Broad, Rosie Broadhurst, Andrew Broadley, Marie Broadway, Christopher Brockelsby, Megan Brocken, Tomos Brockley, Fiona Brogan, Felicity Brokke, Jacob Brolly, David Bromley, Hannah Brooke-Ball, Verity Brooker, Matthew Brookes, Alison Brooks, Kate Brooks, Nicole Brooks, Rachel Brooks, Sophie Brooks, Natalie Broomhead, Chloe Broughton, Nathaniel Broughton, Matt Brouns, Alison Brown, Carly Brown, Catrin Brown, Ellen Brown, Heather Brown, Janet Brown, Louise Brown, Niall Brown, Pauline Brown, Richard Brown, Robert Brown, Steven Brown, Tom Brown, Charlotte Browne, Duncan Browne, Rachel Browne, Stephen Brownlee, David Bruce, Johanna Bruce, Michelle Bruce, Wojciech Brudlo, Nigel Brunskill, Luke Brunton, Margaret Brunton, Jade Bryant, Mark Bryce, Maya Buch, Ruaridh Buchanan, Amanda Buck, Elizabeth Buckingham, Laura Buckley, Philip Buckley, Sarah Buckley, Carol Buckman, George Bugg, Ramadan Bujazia, Shanzay Bukhari, Richard Bulbulia, Alex Bull, Damian Bull, Rhian Bull, Thomas Bull, Sam Bullard, Naomi Bulteel, Katherine Bunclark, Roneleeh Bungue-Tuble, Caroline Burchett, Christy Burden, Thomas G Burden, Sarah Burge, Mika Burgess, Sophia Burgess, Emma Burke, Sara Burnard, Caroline Burnett, Amy Burns, Collette Burns, James Burns, Karen Burns, Daniel Burrage, Kate Burrows, Claire Burston, Ben Burton, Fiona Burton, Angus Butchart, Aaron Butler, Jo Butler, Joanne Butler, Joshua Butler, Peter Butler, Susan Butler, Al-Tahoor Butt, Caryl Butterworth, Nicola Butterworth-Cowin, Robert Buttery, Heather Button, Daniel Buttress, Jane Byrne, Wendy Byrne, Victoria Byrne-Watts, Ruth Cade, Donna Cairney, Claire Calderwood, James Calderwood, Giorgio Calisti, Debbie Callaghan, Jennifer Callaghan, Claire Callens, Caroline Calver, Melissa Cambell-Kelly, Tracey Camburn, David R Cameron, Eleanor Cameron, Fraser Cameron, Sheena Cameron, Christian Camm, Renee FD Cammack, Alison Campbell, Amy Campbell, Barbara Campbell, Bridget Campbell, Debbie Campbell, Helen Campbell, Hilary Campbell, Jonathan Campbell, Mark Campbell, Robyn Campbell, Wynny Campbell, Quentin Campbell Hewson, Laura Camrasa, Julie Camsooksai, Shaula M Candido, Cielito Caneja, Johnathon Cann, Ruby Cannan, Emma Cannon, Michael Cannon, Petra Cannon, Vivienne Cannons, Jane Cantliff, Ben Caplin, Angelika Capp, Thomas Capstick, Simon Carley, Tammy Carlin, Samantha Carmichael, Margaret Carmody, Mandy Carnahan, Charlotte Caroline, Patrick Carr, Sharon Carr, Anna Carrasco, Zoe Carrington, Jonathan Carter, Paul Carter, Penny Carter, Douglas Cartwright, Claire Carty, Jaime Carungcong, Paula Carvelli, Aisling Cashell, Barbara Cassimon, Teresa Castiello, Gail Castle, Melanie Caswell, Ana Maria Catana, Heidi Cate, Susanne Cathcart, Katrina Cathie, Christine Catley, Laura Catlow, Kerry Causer, Luke Cave, Frianne Cawa, Kathryn Cawley, Philippa Cawley, Chloe Caws, Hankins Cendl, Jeva Cernova, Ed Cetti, Stephanie Chabane, Manish Chablani, Cathleen Chabo, David Chadwick, Julie Chadwick, Robert Chadwick, Ela Chakkarapani, Arup Chakraborty, Mallinath Chakraborty, Mollika Chakravorty, James Chalmers, Georgina Chamberlain, Sarah Chamberlain, Carol Chambers, Emma Chambers, Jonathan Chambers, Lucy Chambers, Naomi Chambers, Shreekant Champanerkar, Carmen Chan, Cheuk Chan, Evelyn Chan, Kimberley Chan, Ping Chan, Rebekah (Pui-Ching) Chan, Xin H Chan, Chris Chandler, Kim J Chandler, Zoe Chandler, Badrinathan Chandrasekaran, Josephine Chaplin, Graeme Chapman, John Chapman, Katie Chapman, Laura Chapman, Lianne Chapman, Polly Chapman, Timothy Chapman, Lucy Chappell, Amanda Charalambou, Bethan Charles, Dianne Charlton, Kevin Chatar, Calvin Chatha, Priyanka Chaturvedi, Muhammad YN Chaudhary, Iram Chaudhry, Zain Chaudhry, Nazia Chaudhuri, Muhammad Chaudhury, Anoop Chauhan, Milan Chauhan, Ruchi S Chauhan, Nicola Chavasse, James Cheaveau, Michelle Cheeseman, Fang Chen, Hui Min Chen, Terence Chen, Lok Y Cheng, Zhihang Cheng, Ashok Chengappa, Helen Chenoweth, Chun H Cheong, Shiney Cherian, Helen Cheshire, Sarah Chessell, Chee Kay Cheung, Elaine Cheung, Claire Cheyne, Swati Chhabra, Eric Chiang, Angela Chiapparino, Rosavic Chicano, Sam Chilcott, Phillipa Chimbo, KokWai Chin, Wen Jie Chin, Amol Chingale, Heather Chisem, Ben Chisnall, Sunder Chita, Nihil Chitalia, Chipo Chitsenga, Matthew Chiu, Brenda Chivima, Soha Choi, Willy Choon Kon Yune, Khayzer Choudhary, Vandana Choudhary, Gary Chow, Muhibbur Chowdhury, Alexander Christides, Alex Christie, Daniel Christmas, Thereza Christopherson, Mark Christy, Paris Chrysostomou, Yunli Chua, Dip Chudgar, Richard Chudleigh, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Izu Chukwulobelu, Favour Chukwunonyerem, Chi Y Chung, Jonathan Chung, Elaine Church, Sara R Church, David Churchill, Paola Cicconi, Zdenka Cipinova, Bessie Cipriano, Sarah Clamp, Melanie Clapham, Edel Clare, Sarbjit Clare, Andrew Clark, Charlotte Clark, Diane Clark, Felicity Clark, Gabrielle Clark, James Clark, Katherine Clark, Lucy Clark, Matthew Clark, Patricia Clark, Richard Clark, Thomas Clark, Zoe Clark, Andrea Clarke, Paul Clarke, Robert Clarke, Roseanne Clarke, Samantha Clarke, Sheron Clarke, Alleyna Claxton, Elizabeth Clayton, Olivia Clayton, Jill Clayton-Smith, Chris Cleaver, Jayne Clemens, Carlota Clemente de la Torre, Suzanne Clements, Sarah Clifford, Amelia Clive, Jonathan Clouston, Samantha Clueit, Andrea Clyne, Peter GL Coakley, Kathryn Cobain, Susan Coburn, Alexandra Cochrane, Patricia Cochrane, Samantha Cockburn, Helen Cockerill, Shirley Cocks, Rhodri Codd, Rachel Codling, Adam Coe, Samantha Coetzee, David Coey, Paul F Cofie, Danielle Cohen, Jonathan Cohen, Oliver Cohen, Mike Cohn, Louise Coke, Nicholas Colbeck, Roghan Colbert, Esther Cole, Jade Cole, Joby Cole, Nicholas Cole, Garry Coleman, Matt Coleman, Holly Coles, Julie Colley, Dawn Collier, Heather Collier, Paul Collini, Emma Collins, Jaimie Collins, Joanne Collins, Nicola Collins, Sally Collins, Vicky Collins, Andrew Collinson, Jennifer Collinson, Madeleine Colmar, Hayley E Colton, James Colton, Katie Colville, Carolyn Colvin, Edward Combes, David Comer, Dónal Concannon, Robin Condliffe, Lynne Connell, Natalie Connell, Gavin Connolly, Emma Connor, Antonia Conroy, Veronica Conteh, Rory Convery, Grainne Conway, Rhiannon Conway, Jo-Anna Conyngham, Eloise Cook, Gemma Cook, Helen Cook, Graham Cooke, Katrina Cooke, Catherine Coombs, Chris Cooper, Jamie Cooper, Joshua Cooper, Lauren Cooper, Rowena Cooper, Sophie Cooper, Thomas Cope, Carolyn Corbett, John Corcoran, Jessica Cordle, Alasdair Corfield, John Corless, Alison Corlett, Pamela Corlett, 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Dosanjh, Paula Dospinescu, Andrew Dougherty, Katie Douglas, Lucy Dowden, Michelle Dower, Sud Dowling, Hayley Downe, Nicola Downer, Charlotte Downes, Rob Downes, Thomas Downes, Damian Downey, Louise Downs, Simon Dowson, Cornel Dragan, Cristina Dragos, Chelsea Drake, Victoria Drew, Olivia Drewett, Celine Driscoll, Helena Drogan, Ronald Druyeh, Simon Drysdale, Hazel Dube, Judith Dube, Stephen Duberley, Simon Dubrey, Roger Duckitt, Hayley Duckles-Leech, Nicola Duff, Helen Duffy, Lionel Dufour, Annette Duggan, Parveen Dugh, Janice Duignan, Simon Dummer, Andrew Duncan, Barrie Duncan, Christopher Duncan, Fullerton Duncan, Alessia Dunn, Damian Dunn, Laura Dunn, Karen Dunne, Fiona Dunning, Aidan Dunphy, Venkat Duraiswamy, Beatriz Duran, Ingrid DuRand, Alison Durie, Emily Durie, Laura Durrans, Hannah Durrington, Akshay Dwarakanath, Laasya Dwarakanath, Ellen Dwyer, Claudia Dyball, Harvey Dymond, Tom Dymond, Chris Eades, Melissa Earwaker, Nicholas Easom, Clare East, Jack Easton, Ruth Eatough, Oluwadamilola Ebigbola, Martin Ebon, Sinan Eccles, Chloe Eddings, Michael Eddleston, Maureen Edgar, Katharine Edgerley, Mary Edmondson, Tracy Edmunds, Alexandra Edwards, Andrea Edwards, Catherine Edwards, Joy Edwards, Kennedy Edwards, Mandy Edwards, Steven Edwards, Jenny Eedle, Dawn Egginton, Sarah Eisen, Ugochukwu Ekeowa, Mohamed Ekoi, Ayomide Ekunola, Kate El Bouzidi, Ashley Elden, Jennifer Elder, Haifa Eldew, Diana Eleanor, Maysoon Elfadil, Eman Elfar, Mayy M Elgamal, Amr Elgohary, Stellios Elia, Jennifer Elias, Tania Elias, Nadia Elkaram, Amin Elkhawad, Andrew V Elkins, Julie Ellam, Nikki Ellard, Laura Nicola Ellerton, Amy Elliott, Fiona Elliott, Kerry Elliott, Valmai Elliott, Annie Ellis, Hayley Ellis, Kaytie Ellis, Tak-Yan Ellis, Yvette Ellis, Rahma Elmahdi, Einas Elmahi, Omer Elneima, Mohamed Elokl, Ahmed Elradi, Mohamed Elsaadany, Sally El-Sayeh, Hana El-Sbahi, Tarek Elsefi, Karim El-Shakankery, Sarah Elyoussfi, Jonathan Emberson, John Emberton, Julian Emmanuel, Ingrid 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Fenn, Isabelle Fenner, Ciara Fenton, Melisa Fenton, Cameron Ferguson, Jenny Ferguson, Kathryn Ferguson, Katie Ferguson, Lisa Ferguson, Susan Ferguson, Susie Ferguson, Victoria Ferguson, Denzil Fernandes, Candida Fernandez, Eduardo Fernandez, Sonia Fernandez Lopez, Ahmed Feroz, Pietro Ferranti, Thais Ferrari, Catarina Ferreira-De Almeida, Alexandra Ferrera, Emma Ferriman, Nicholas Fethers, Ben Field, Janet Field, Andra Fielding, Julie Fielding, Sarah Fielding, Asma Fikree, Sarah Ann Filson, Joanne Finch, Laurie Finch, Natalie Fineman, Adam Finn, Joanne Finn, Sofia Fiouni, Jo Fiquet, James Fisher, Neil Fisher, Daniel Fishman, Krystofer Fishwick, Marie Fisk, Jan Flaherty, Michael Flanagan, Charles Flanders, Julie Fleming, Lucy Fleming, Paul Fleming, William Flesher, Alison Fletcher, Lucy Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Christopher Flood, Jonathan Flor, Vincent Florence, Sharon Floyd, Adama Fofana, Georgina Fogarty, Linda Folkes, Aiwyne Foo, Andrew Foot, Jayne Foot, Jane Forbes, Kathryn Forcer, Jamie Ford, Jennifer Foreman, Caroline Fornolles, Adam Forrest, Ellie Forsey, Thomas Forshall, Elliot Forster, Julian Forton, Emily Foster, Joseph Foster, Rachel A Foster, Tracy Foster, Angela Foulds, Ian Foulds, Folakemi Fowe, Emily Fowler, Robert Fowler, Stephen Fowler, Caroline Fox, Claire Fox, Heather Fox, Jonathan Fox, Lauren Fox, Natalie Fox, Simon Fox, Sarah-Jane Foxton, Rebecca Frake, Alex Francioni, Olesya Francis, Rebecca Francis, Sarah Francis, Theodora Francis-Bacon, Victoria Francois, Sharon Frayling, Martyn Fredlund, Michael Freeborn, Carol Freeman, Elaine Freeman, Hannah Freeman, Nicola Freeman, Clare Freer, Eleanor French, Anastasia Fries, Matthew Frise, Renate Fromson, Claire Froneman, John Frost, Victoria Frost, Rachel Frowd, Arun Fryatt, Bridget Fuller, Elizabeth Fuller, Tracy Fuller, Duncan Fullerton, Sarah Funnell, John Furness, Hassina Furreed, Waqas Gaba, Elizabeth Gabbitas, Claire Gabriel, Joshua Gahir, Katarzyna Gajewska-Knapik, Christopher Gale, Hugo Gale, Swetha Gali, Bernadette Gallagher, Edith Gallagher, Jude Gallagher, William Gallagher, Catherine Galloway, Emma Galloway, Jacqui Galloway, James Galloway, Laura Gamble, Liz Gamble, Brian Gammon, Jaikumar Ganapathi, Ramesh Ganapathy, Kaminiben Gandhi, Sarah Gandhi, Usha Ganesh, Abrar Gani, Iris Garcia Deniz, Antoni D Gardener, Danielle Gardiner, Emma Gardiner, Kirsty Gardiner, Siobhan Gardiner, Caroline Gardiner-Hill, Jonathan Gardner, Mark Garfield, Atul Garg, Nathan Garlick, Lucie Garner, Zoe Garner, Rosaline Garr, Mark Garton, Florence Garty, Rachel Gascoyne, Hyeriju Gashau, Aoife Gatenby, Erin Gaughan, Alok Gaurav, Mariana Gavrila, Jane Gaylard, Emma Gaywood, Catherine Geddie, Sarah Gee, Gemma Genato, Neil Gent, Susan Gent, Natalie Geoghegan, Nithin George, Sam George, Tina George, Simon Georges, Domonique Georgiou, Leigh Gerdes, Louise Germain, Helen Gerrish, Abel Getachew, Hisham Ghanayem, Auns Ghazanfar, Anca Gherman, Alison Ghosh, Arjun Ghosh, Justin Ghosh, Sudhamay Ghosh, Sarra 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Julia Greig, Rebecca Grenfell, Teena Grenier, Susan Grevatt, Glaxy Grey, Andrew Gribbin, Ben Griffin, Denise Griffin, Mel Griffin, Sian Griffith, Andrew Griffiths, Daniel Griffiths, David Griffiths, Donna Griffiths, Isabel Griffiths, Nicola Griffiths, Oliver Griffiths, Sofia Grigoriadou, Steph Grigsby, Russell Gritton, Evelina Grobovaite, Clarissa Grondin, Rachel Groome, Liliana Grosu, Jenny Grounds, Jayne Groves, Neil Grubb, Julie Grundy, Francesca Guarino, Sharada Gudur, Shivang Gulati, Vikas Gulia, Pumali Gunasekera, Kirun Gunganah, Jessica Gunn, Emma Gunter, Alok Gupta, Atul Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Richa Gupta, Tarun Gupta, Vineet Gupta, Ankur Gupta-Wright, Sambasivarao Gurram, Ishy Gurung, Shraddha Gurung, Hazel Guth, Ruth Habibi, Pamela Hackney, Christian Hacon, Aiman Haddad, Denise Hadfield, Michalis Hadjiandreou, Anna Haestier, Nauman Hafiz, Rana Hafiz-Ur-Rehman, Samantha Hagan, Jack W Hague, Rosemary Hague, Andrew Haigh, Kate Haigh, Christina Haines, Scott Hainey, Morton Hair, Brigid Hairsine, Juraj Hajnik, Anne Haldeos, Carmel Halevy, William Halford, Alistair Hall, Anthony Hall, Chloe Hall, Claire Hall, Emily Hall, Helen Hall, Jennifer Hall, Kathryn Hall, Toni Hall, Jan Hallas, Kyle Hallas, Charles Hallett, Heather Halls, Maryam Hamdollah-Zadeh, Bilal Hameed, Imran Hamid, Mohamad Hamie, Bethany Hamilton, Fergus Hamilton, Leigh Hamilton, Ruth Hamlin, Eleanor Hamlyn, Shirley Hammersley, Kate Hammerton, Bev Hammond, Leah Hammond, Rachel Hammond-Hall, Fiona Hammonds, Nidal Hammoud, Ibrahim Hamoodi, Karen Hampshire, Jude Hampson, Shi Han Lee, Ozan Hanci, James Hand, Soran Handrean, Georgina Hands, Sheharyar Hanif, Amy Hannington, Merhej Hannun, Aidan Hanrath, Jane Hanson, Kathryn Hanson, Mazhar U Haq, Ala Haqiqi, Monjurul Haque, Zoe Harding, Simon Hardman, Kumar Haresh, Rachel Harford, Beverley Hargadon, Carolyn Hargreaves, James Hargreaves, Alice Harin, Mohammed Haris, Helen Harizaj, Edward Harlock, Paula Harman, Tracy Harman, Mark Harmer, Muhammad A Haroon, Charlie H Harper, Heather Harper, Peter Harper, Rosemary Harper, Sarah Harrhy, Sian Harrington, Yasmin Harrington-Davies, Claire Harris, Jade Harris, Julie Harris, Laura Harris, Marie-Clare Harris, Nichola Harris, David Harrison, Laura Harrison, Melanie Harrison, Rowan Harrison, Susie Harrison, Tom Harrison, Wendy Harrison, Elizabeth Harrod, Ciaran Hart, Dominic Hart, Rosemary Hartley, Ruth Hartley, Tom Hartley, William Hartrey, Hans Hartung, Alice Harvey, Angela Harvey, Max Harvey, Catherine Harwood, Helen Harwood, Neda Hasan, Brigitte Haselden, Mohammed Hashimm, Imranullah Hashmi, Zena Haslam, Abdulhakim Hassan, Adil Hassan, Ali Hassan, Waqar Ul Hassan, Philip Hassell, Alex Hastings, Bethany Hastings, Jonathan Hatton, Jennifer Haugh, May Havinden-Williams, Stefan Havlik, Dan Hawcutt, Liz Hawes, Nicola Hawes, Annie Hawkins, Nancy Hawkins, Daniel Hawley, Edward Haworth, Cathy Hay, Jamal Hayat, Anne Hayes, Melony Hayes, Fiona Hayes, Antara Hayman, Melanie Hayman, Matthew Haynes, Richard Haynes, Rachel Hayre, Patrick Haywood, Tracy Hazelton, Phoebe Hazenberg, Zhengmai He, Elizabeth Headon, Carrie Heal, Brendan Healy, Amy Hearn, Angela Heath, Rowan Heath, Diane Heaton, Kerry Hebbron, Neil Hedger, Katrine Hedges, Cheryl Heeley, Elaine Heeney, Rajdeep Heire, David Helm, Ulla Hemmila, Scott Hemphill, Deborah Hemsley, Alistair Henderson, Jennifer Henderson, Steven Henderson, Joanne Henry, Karol Henry, Lavinia Henry, Margo Henry, David Henshall, Gillian Herdman, Rosaleen Herdmangrant, William Herrington, Emilia Heselden, Peta Heslop, Simon Hester, Emily Hetherington, Joseph Hetherington, Andrew Hetreed, Chamila Hettiarachchi, Gihan Hettiarachchi, Hayley Hewer, John Hewertson, Anna Hewetson, Sue Hewins, Claire Hewitt, Davina Hewitt, Richard Hewitt, Robert S Heyderman, Matthis Heydtmann, Joseph Heys, Jonathan Heywood, Meg Hibbert, Naomi Hickey, Alexander Hicks, Jenny Hicks, Scott R Hicks, Daniel Higbee, Jennifer Higgins, Lucy Higgins, Andrew Higham, Martin Highcock, Judith Highgate, Mondy Hikmat, Amanda Hill, Helen Hill, Joanne Hill, Phoebe Hill, Annette Hilldrith, Catherine Hillman-Cooper, Zoe Hilton, Alice Hindmarsh, Paul Hine, Kim Hinshaw, Clare Hird, Jemma Hives, Benson Ho, David Hobden, Gill Hobden, Maria Hobrok, Simon Hobson, Simon Hodge, Lesley Hodgen, Holly Hodgkins, Sally Hodgkinson, David Hodgson, Helen Hodgson, Luke Hodgson, Sheila Hodgson, Gemma Hodkinson, Kenneth Hodson, Matthew Hogben, Lucy Hogg, Lee Hoggett, Abigail Holborow, Becky Holbrook, Catherine Holbrook, Catherine Holden, Jill Holden, Melinda Holden, Thomas Holder, Hannah Holdsworth, Lisa Holland, Maureen Holland, Nicky Holland, Marie Hollands, Elizabeth Holliday, Nina Holling, Nigel Hollister, Laszlo Hollos, Evelyn Holmes, Megan Holmes, Raphael Holmes, Rebecca Holmes, Kelly Holroyd, Lyndsey Holt, Siobhan Holt, Alexandra Holyome, Marie Home, Kate Hong, Andrew Hood, Clare Hooper, Samantha Hope, Susan Hope, Bridget Hopkins, Peter W Horby, Stephanie Horler, Anil Hormis, Rachel Horn, Nicola Hornby, Sophie Horrocks, Latoya Horsford, Megan Horsford, Valana Horsham, Alex Horsley, Ashley Horsley, Elizabeth Horsley, Sarah Horton, Jane Hosea, Toby Hoskins, Ejaz Hossain, Muhammad S Hossain, Rashed Hossain, Maxine Hough, Sarah Hough, Kathryn Houghton, Rebecca Houlihan, Gordon Houston, Hamish Houston, Eleanor Hoverd, Roseanna Hovvels, Lee How, Laura Howaniec, Laura Howard, Linda Howard, Lucy Howard, Sarah Howard, Richard Howard-Griffin, Serena Howe, Mark Howells, Lyn Howie, Alex Howlett, Sophie Howlett, Josh Hrycaiczuk, Desmond Hsu, Hein Htet, Zaw Htet, Naing Z Htoon, Su Htwe, Ying Hu, Abby Huckle, Shahzya Huda, Alison Hudak, Lisa Hudig, Heather Hudson, Alison Hufton, Conor Huggins, Alistair Hughes, Emma Hughes, Gareth Hughes, Heather Hughes, Luke Hughes, Rachel Hughes, Rhian Hughes, Samantha Hughes, Stephen Hughes, Vikki Hughes, Wesley Hughes, Lukas Huhn, Ching Hui, Ruth Hulbert, Diana Hull, Robert Hull, Amanda Hulme, Peter Hulme, Wendy Hulse, George Hulston, Ryan Hum, Charlotte Humphrey, Alasdair Humphries, Joanne Humphries, David Hunt, Fiona Hunt, Jane Hunt, Kristen Hunt, Luke Hunt, Karl Hunter, Neil Hunter, Elizabeth Hurditch, Cian Hurley, Katrina Hurley, Mohammed A Husain, Syeda Y Husaini, Coralie Huson, Ibraar Hussain, Mohammad Hussain, Muhammad Hussain, Reda Hussain, Sajid Hussain, Samia Hussain, Sanniah Hussain, Yasmin Hussain, Mohammed Hussam El-Din, Rebecca Hussey, Christopher Hutchcroft, Camille Hutchinson, Dorothy Hutchinson, Elizabeth Hutchinson, John Hutchinson, Claire Hutsby, Paula Hutton, Daniella Hydes, Jamie Hyde-Wyatt, Niamh Hynes, Megan Hyslop, Ahmed Ibrahim, Asil Ibrahim, Kamal Ibrahim, Mohamed Ibrahim, Wadah Ibrahim, Muhammad Idrees, Hina Iftikhar, Chukwuemeka Igwe, Mohammad Ijaz, Amaju Ikomi, Clare Iles, Stamatina Iliodromiti, Lorna Ilves, La'ali Imam-Gutierrez, Christopher Imray, Haider Imtiaz, Jack Ingham, Julie Ingham, Rory Ingham, Tejas Ingle, Anne Ingram, Luke Ingram, Peter Inns, Ken Inweregbu, Andreea A Ionescu, Ana Ionita, Anil Ipe, Madiha Iqbal, Mohammed Iqbal, Faisal Iqbal Sait, Jane Ireland, Robert Irons, Mohannad Irshad, Muhammad S Irshad, Janice Irvine, Val Irvine, Robert Irving, Mina Ishak, Aminul Islam, Munim Islam, Abdurrahman Islim, Ali Ismail, Omar Ismail, M'hamedi Israa, Sharon Isralls, Shabana Issa, Monica Ivan, Chineze Ivenso, Ashleigh Ivy, Sophie Iwanikiw, Karen Ixer, Mia Iyer, Sriram Iyer, Alex Jackson, Amanda Jackson, Ben Jackson, Ella Jackson, Helen Jackson, Lauren Jackson, Melanie Jackson, Nicola Jackson, Shane Jackson, Patricia Jacob, Reni Jacob, Nicola Jacques, Anisa Jafar, Ali Jaffery, Vijay Jagannathan, Mandeep Jagpal, Fernandez R Jaime, Neemisha Jain, Seema Jain, Susan Jain, Sanjay Jaiswal, Danyal Jajbhay, Thomas Jaki, Bintou Jallow, Yusuf Jaly, Sabine Jamal, Yasmin Jameel, Albie James, Anneli James, Linda James, Mark James, Nicholas James, Olivia James, Ruth James, Tracy James, Jack Jameson, Eleana Jamieson, Aaron Jamison, Phoebe Jane, Azara Janmohamed, Lauren Jansen, Sabrina Jansz, Deepa Japp, Catherine Jardine, Ellie Jarvie, Rosina Jarvis, Patrycja Jastrzebska, Hafsa Javed, Lona Jawaheer, Dinakaran Jayachandran, Deepak Jayaram, Geeshath Jayasekera, Lalith Jayasekera, Saman Jeddi, Mohammad S Jeelani, Katie Jeffery, Rachel Jeffrey, Nathan Jeffreys, Benjamin Jeffs, Debbie Jegede, Taylor Jemima, Ifan Jenkin, Alison Jenkins, David Jenkins, Elinor Jenkins, Sarah Jenkins, Sian Jenkins, Stephen Jenkins, Edward Jenner, David Jennings, Jacqui Jennings, Louise Jennings, Virginia Jennings, Ellen Jerome, Douglas Jerry, Ellen Jessup-Dunton, Jorge A Jesus Silva, Kishan Jethwa, Abi Jeyabalan, Akhilesh Jha, Shaman Jhanji, Khoo Jian, Zhixin Jiao, Ana Jimenez Gil, Jithin Jith, Teishel Joefield, Navraj Johal, Karine Johannessen, Aisyah Johari, Annie John, Anu John, Emma Johns, Margaret Johns, Antoinette Johnson, Gillian Johnson, Kathryn Johnson, Luke Johnson, Mark Johnson, Claire Johnston, Janet Johnston, Susan Johnston, Victoria Johnston, Dawn Johnstone, Ed Johnstone, Janet Johnstone, Manohar Joishy, Adam Jones, Annabel Jones, Bryony Jones, Chrissie E Jones, Carys Jones, Charlotte Jones, Gareth Jones, Geraldine Jones, Jac Jones, James Jones, Julie Jones, June Jones, Kate E Jones, Laura Jones, Laura M Jones, Louise Jones, Mathew Jones, Nicola Jones, Paul Jones, Prudence Jones, Quentin Jones, Samantha Jones, Sophie Jones, Steve Jones, Taya Jones, Tim Jones, Tracey Jones, Ramya Jonnalagadda, Rebecca Jordache, Sara Jorgensen, Sanal Jose, Anna Joseph, Rosane Joseph, Sibet Joseph, Mehul Joshi, Pratichi Joshi, Benz Josiah, Tiffany Joyce, Martin Juan, Edward Jude, Parminder Judge, Jessica Juhl, Sirisha Jujjavarapu, Julie Julie Melville, Edmund Juszczak, Deepthi Jyothish, Kasamu Kabiru Dawa, Mark Kacar, Gail Kakoullis, Azad Kala Bhushan, Richard J Kalayi, Roobala Kaliannan Periyasami, Seika Kalsoom, Elisa Kam, Mohamed Kamara, Ajay Kamath, Prakash Kamath, Siddharth A Kamerkar, Nick Kametas, Musaiwale Kamfose, Amin Kanish, Osei Kankam, Thogulava Kannan, Abhinav Kant, Zoe Kantor, Ritoo Kapoor, Sonal Kapoor, Nicholas Karunaratne, Sobia Kashif, Natashja Kasianczuk, Vidya Kasipandian, Jamila Kassam, Xenophon Kassianides, Victoria Katsande, Kulbinder Kaul, Daljit Kaur, Dervinder Kaur, Jasmin Kaur, Jaspreet Kaur, Zunaira Kausar, Mohammad AA Kawser, Andrea Kay, Sarah Kay, Jossy N Kayappurathu, Callum Kaye, Nichola Kearsley, Joanne Keating, John Keating, Liza Keating, Elizabeth Keddie-Gray, Natalie Keenan, Jonathan Kefas, Stephen Kegg, Iain Keith, Chloe Keith-Jopp, Joanne Kellett, Alison Kelly, Diane Kelly, Dominic Kelly, Emma Kelly, Laura Kelly, Martin Kelly, Michael Kelly, Rosalind Kelly, Sinead Kelly, Stephen Kelly, Mary Kelly-Baxter, Marketa Keltos, Timothy Kemp, Alexandra Kendall-Smith, Sarah Kennard, Ann Kennedy, James Kennedy, Sophie Kennedy-Hay, Julia Kenny, Melanie Kent, Lynne Keogan, Alexander Keough, Andrew Kerr, Caroline Kerrison, Anthony Kerry, Helen Kerss, Jocelyn Keshet-Price, Georgina Keyte, Abdul Khadar, Ali Khalid, Muhammad U Khalid, Amir Khalil, Asma Khalil, Sijjad Khalil, Ali Khan, Al-Imran Khan, Asad Khan, Burhan Khan, Fatimah Khan, Kausik Khan, Lubna Khan, Malik A Khan, Marria Khan, Mohammad Khan, Mohammed R Khan, Nayeem Khan, Omar Khan, Rahila Khan, Shabana Khan, Shahul Khan, Tasaduksultan Khan, Waseem Khan, Usman F Khatana, Jibran Khatri, Jyoti Khatri, Sagira Khatun, Taslima Khatun, Chuen R Khaw, Htet HE Khin, Kiran Khokhar, Najaf Khota, Chloe Khurana, Shruti Khurana, Faith Kibutu, Andrew Kidd, Michelle Kidd, Joe Kidney, Shane Kidney, Will Kieffer, Caroline Kilby, Eliz Kilich, Jee Whang Kim, Sarah Kimber, Andy King, Barbara King, Jennifer King, Kirsten King, Rachel King, Sam King, Victoria King, Emily King-Oakley, Laura Kingsmore, Fiona Kinney, Jeremy Kirk, Amy Kirkby, Emily Kirkham, Gemma Kirkman, Ursula Kirwan, Toby Kitching, Laura Kitto, Lauren Kittridge, Sarah Klaczek, Susan Kmachia, Christopher Knapp, Lucy Knibbs, Alicia Knight, Fraser Knight, Marian Knight, Sarah Knight, Steven 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Nyan M Kyi, Laura Kyle, Stuart Kyle, Karali-Tsilimpari Kyriaki, Julius Labao, Louise Lacey, Nikki Lack, Emma Ladlow, Heather Lafferty, Shondipon Laha, Sushil Lahane, Clement Lai, James Lai, Robert Laing, Inez Laing-Faiers, Emily Laity, Nicki Lakeman, David Lalloo, Fiona Lalloo, Sarah-Jane Lam, Fiona Lamb, Thomas Lamb, Pauline Lambert, Claudia Lameirinhas, Mohammed KG Lami, Michal Lamparski, Christine Lanaghan, Geraldine Landers, Martin J Landray, Matthew Lane, Nicholas Lane, Matilda Lang, Stephen Lang, Daniel Langer, Maggie Langley, Charles Langoya, Emily Langthorne, Helen Langton, Scott Latham, John Latham-Mollart, Afzal Latheef, Nang Latt, Dawn Lau, Eva Lau, Myra Laurenson, Hou Law, Jessica Law, Penny Law, Richard Law, Emma Lawrence, Ryan Lawrie, Michael Lay, Stephen Laybourne, Christine Laycock, Reina Layug, Maria Lazo, Amelia Lea, William Lea, Ian Leadbitter, Samuel Leafe, Thomas Leahy, Richard Lean, Lorna Leandro, Darren Leaning, Todd Leckie, Marie Anne Ledingham, Emma Lee, Hannah Lee, Irish Lee, Sam Lee, Sindy Lee, Stephanie Lee, Tracey Lee, Xiang Lee, Diana Lees, Helen Legge, Julian Leggett, Katie Leigh-Ellis, Nicky Leitch, Eleni Lekoudis, Nicholas Lemoine, Liz Lennon, Daniel Lenton, Kelly Leonard, Wen Leong, Nicky Leopold, Isla Leslie, Emma Levell, Chris Levett, Alice Lewin, Alison Lewis, David Lewis, Dee Lewis, Joanne Lewis, Joseph Lewis, Kathryn Lewis, Keir Lewis, Leon Lewis, Marie Lewis, Marissa Lewis, Megan Lewis, Rob Lewis, Catherine Lewis-Clarke, Katherine Lewiston, Adam Lewszuk, Penny Lewthwaite, Samantha Ley, Anastasia Liaretidou, Victoria Licence, David Lieberman, Susan Liebeschuetz, Patrick Lillie, Ben Lim, Carys Lim, Ee T Lim, Ivy Lim, Terence Lim, Wei Shen Lim, Wilson Lim, James Limb, Usha Limbu, Dermot Linden, Lotte Lindenbaum, Gabriella Lindergard, Kate Lindley, Emily Lindsay, Mirella Ling, Claire Lingam, Mike Linney, Louise Linsell, Karen Lipscomb, Laura Lipskis, Ana Lisboa, Evangeline Lister, Sam Little, Xuedi Liu, Daniel K Llanera, Martin Llewelyn, Adam Lloyd, Aimee Lloyd, Arwel Lloyd, Charlotte Lloyd, Oliver Lloyd, Richard Lloyd, Lydianne Lock, Sara Lock, Stephen Lock, Jacqueline Locke, Thomas Locke, Teresa Lockett, Gary Lockley-Ault, Heather Loftus, Meg Logan, Chloe Logue, Sook Yin Loh, Siddharth Lokanathan, Tuck-Kay Loke, John-Paul Lomas, Kaatje Lomme, Emily London, Charlotte Long, Gabriella Long, Natalie Long, Bev Longhurst, Jennifer Lonnen, Laura Looby, Ronda Loosley, Pada Lopez, Paula Lopez, Robert W Lord, Claire Lorimer, Francesco Loro, Rachel Lorusso, Robert Loveless, Maxine Lovell, Angeliki Loverdou, Andrew Low, Jen Mae Low, Alastair Lowe, Catherine Lowe, Emily Lowe, Faye Lowe, Michael Lowe, Richard Lowsby, Alexandra Lubina Solomon, Georgia Lucas, Alice Lucey, Suzanne Luck, Jane Luke, Muriel Lunn, Ji Luo, Cindy N Luximon, Barrie Lyell, Ceri Lynch, Daniel Lynch, Daniella Lynch, Stephen Lynch, Claire Ma, Louise Ma, Hannah Mabb, Louies Andrew Mabelin, Jessica Macaro, Kateryna Macconaill, Jill MacCormac, Chloe MacDonald, Sheila MacFadyen, James G MacFarlane, Jill Macfarlane, Laura Macfarlane, Lisa MacInnes, Jill MacIntyre, Kirsten Mack, Callum Mackay, Euan Mackay, Alexander Mackenzie, Matt Mackenzie, Robert MacKenzie Ross, Ami Mackey, Fiona Mackie, Robert Mackie, Carolyn Mackinlay, Claire Mackintosh, Katherine Mackintosh, Colin MacLeod, Mary J MacLeod, Michael Macmahon, Andrew MacNair, Catherine Macphee, Iain Macpherson, Allan MacRaild, Alannah Madden, Mary Madden, Norman Madeja, Paula Madgwick, Madhavi Madhusudhana, Alpha Madu, Lorraine Madziva, Marion Mafham, Emma Magavern, Negar Maghsoodi, Christopher Magier, Marios Magriplis, Natasha Mahabir, Subramanian Mahadevan-Bava, Anjanie Maharajh, Ajit Mahaveer, Bal Mahay, Hibo Mahdi, Thushika Mahendiran, Siva Mahendran, Sarah Maher, Shameera Maheswaran, Parisa Mahjoob-Afag, Ahmed Mahmood, Farhana Mahmood, Hager Mahmoud, Mian Mahmood, Waheed Mahmood, Ewan Mahony, Luke Mair, James Maitland, Rupert Major, Jaydip Majumdar, Mohammad KH Majumder, Stephen Makin, Marius Malanca, Hannah Malcolm, Neeraj Malhan, Gulshan Malik, Mohammed Maljk, Petrina Mallinder, Louise Mallon, Edward Malone, Gracie Maloney, Madhu Mamman, Irene Man, Marco Mancuso-Marcello, Aritri Mandal, Tracy Manders, Lauren Manderson, Justin Mandeville, Roope Manhas, Carmen Maniero, Bobby Mann, Baranitharan Manoharan, Katherine Mansi, Dina Mansour, Isheunesu T Mapfunde, Predeesh Mappa, Hemant Maraj, Gemma Marayan, Clare Marchand, Neil Marcus, Maria Marecka, Gomathi Margabanthu, Jordi Margalef, Lavinia Margarit, Georgios Margaritopoulos, Mike Margarson, Fernandez M Maria del Rocio, Victor Mariano, Ashleigh Maric, Arran Marriott, Nemonie Marriott, Karen Marsden, Paul Marsden, Tracy Marsden, Robyn Marsh, Adam Marshall, Andrew Marshall, Gail Marshall, Henry Marshall, Jaimie Marshall, Jenna Marshall, Nicola Marshall, Emmeline Martin, Hayley Martin, Hope Martin, Jane Martin, Karen Martin, Laila Martin, Michael Martin, Sarah Martin, Winston Martin, Tim Martindale, Marcus Martineau, Anthony Martinelli, Lauren Martinez, Jose Carlos Martinez Garrido, Vijay K Maruthamuthu, Roman Mary-Genetu, Sam Maryosh, Vidan Masani, Diego Maseda, Sheila Mashate, Yasaman Mashhoudi, Sanna Masih, Nick Maskell, Perry Maskell, Jon Maskill, Matthew Masoli, Richard Mason, Ruth Mason, Mohammad Masood, Mohammad T Masood, Syed Masood, Syed SME Masood, Lear Matapure, Cristina Matei, Manraj Matharu, Stephy Mathen, Nicole Mather, Jonathan Mathers, Joanna Matheson, Anna Mathew, Verghese Mathew, Jesha Mathews, Kate Mathias, Wadzanai Matimba-Mupaya, Nashaba Matin, Elina Matisa, Max Matonhodze, Elijah Matovu, Szeto Matthew, Alison Jane Matthews, Edgar Maureen, Maria-Emanuela Maxan, Adam Maxwell, Veronica Maxwell, James May, Joanne May, Peter May, Philippa May, Matthew Maycock, Shelley Mayor, Paul McAlinden, Audrey McAlpine, Graeme McAlpine, Jonathan McAndrew, Hamish McAuley, Sarah McAuliffe, James McBurney, Amanda McCairn, Jake McCammon, Conor McCann, Alexandra McCarrick, Brendan McCarron, Eoghan McCarthy, Mandy McCarthy, Michelle McCarthy, Natalie McCarthy, Sinead McCaughey, Gareth McChlery, Tara McClay, Beverley McClelland, Declan McClintock, Katherine Mccord, Jacqueline McCormick, Wendy McCormick, Paul McCourt, Jame McCrae, Sharon McCready, Gordan McCreath, Helen McCreedy, Iain James McCullagh, Liz McCullagh, Conor McCullough, Katherine McCullough, Sarah McCullough, Fiona McCurrach, Rory McDermott, Katharine McDevitt, Claire McDonald, Debbie McDonald, Emily McDonald, Rob McDonald, Sam McDonald, Rowan McDougall, Julie McEntee, Evanna McEvoy, Ruth McEwen, Margaret McFadden, Denise McFarland, Rachel McFarland, Michael McGettrick, Christopher McGhee, Fiona McGill, Neil McGlinchey, Phil McGlone, Deborah McGlynn, Claire McGoldrick, Sarah McGonagle, Elizabeth McGough, Brendan McGrath, Annemarie McGregor, Tara McHugh, Karen McIntyre, Mhairi McIntyre, Zoe McIntyre, Steve McKain, Lorna McKay, Madeleine McKee, Joseph McKeever, Stewart McKenna, Julie McKenzie, Donogh 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Murray, Lorna Murray, Tracey Murray, Mithun Murthy, Catherine Murton, Neeka Muru, Rosemary Musanhu, Maimuna Mushabe, Ahmed MM Mustafa, Mustafa Mustafa, Ibrahim Mustapha, Zhain Mustufvi, Callum Mutch, Eric Mutema, Balakumar Muthukrishnan, Sheree Mutton, Natasha Muzengi, Memory Mwadeyi, Bettina Mwale, Esther Mwaura, Raji Myagerimath, Alice Myers, Sam Myers, Khin Swe Myint, Libor Myslivecek, Evelyn Nadar, Iftikhar Nadeem, Moosa Nadheem, Hassan Naeem, Salman Naeem, Samraiz Nafees, Mohamed Nafei, Thapas Nagarajan, Navin Nagesh, Mina Naguib, Kirushthiga Naguleswaran, K Shonit Nagumantry, Kevin Naicker, Sarveshni Naidoo, Gireesha Naik, Samir Naik, Devu S Nair, Tanushree Nair, Kerry Naismith, Sri Nallapareddy, Soum Nallapeta, Uttam Nanda, Aarti Nandani, Ali R Naqvi, Asadullah Naqvi, Sara Naqvi, Kavita Narula, Dominic Nash, Abdul Nasimudeen, Umer Nasir, Heeam Nassa, Tahir Nasser, Mariam Nasseri, Anuja Natarajan, Geetha Natarajan, Nalin Natarajan, Nikhila Natarajan, Rajkumar Natarajan, Noel Nathaniel, Mala Nathvani, Neena Navaneetham, Jeya Navaratnam, Helen Navarra, Sadaf Naveed, John Navin, Khuteja Nawaz, Shasta Nawaz, Bonilla Nayar, Suzanne Naylor, Moez Nayyar, Farrah Naz, Mobeena Naz, Sehar Nazir, Shaista Nazir, Dumisani Ncomanzi, Onyine Ndefo, Narcisse Ndoumbe, Alan Neal, Elaine Neary, Mostafa Negmeldin, Paula Neill, Avideah Nejad, Marian Nelmes, Marie Nelson, Mark Nelson, Scott Nelson, Rajesh Nemane, Samiksha Nepal, Dan Nethercott, Kimberley Netherton, Kimberley Nettleton, Alison Newby, Angela Newby, David Newby, Tracy Newcombe, Charlotte Newman, Diana Newman, Joseph Newman, Julie Newman, Tabitha Newman, Thomas Newman, Rachel Newport, Christopher Newson, Maria Newton, Anthony YKC Ng, Sarah Ng, Wee J Ng, Thomas Ngan, Gabriel CE Ngui, Alice Ngumo, Long Nguyen, Caoimhe Nic Fhogartaigh, Philip Nicholas, Rachel Nicholas, Donna Nicholls, Ellie Nicholls, Lisa Nicholls, Alice Nicholson, Anne Nicholson, Annette Nicholson, Ian Nickson, Elizabeth Nicol, Rebecca Nicol, Pantelis 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Scarratt, Sean Scattergood, Alvin Schadenberg, Alex Schoolmeesters, Natasha Schumacher, Nicola Schunke, Martin Schuster Bruce, Karin Schwarz, Tim Scorrer, Fiona Scothern, A Scott, Anne Scott, Christine Scott, Emily Scott, Kerrie Scott, Stephen Scott, Timothy Scott, Sarah Scourfield, Wendy Scrase, Angela Scullion, Emily Seager, Cathy Seagrave, Eleanor Sear, Isabella Seaton, Anna Seckington, Joanna Sedano, Gabrielle Seddon, Muhammad A Seelarbokus, Christopher Sefton, Matias Segovia, Gillian Sekadde, Georgina Selby, Katharine Sellers, Joseph Selley, Victoria Sellick, Gobika Selvadurai, Brintha Selvarajah, Haresh Selvaskandan, Gary Semple, Nandini Sen, Seema Sen, Namrita Sengreen, Aditya Sengupta, Niladri Sengupta, HoJan Senya, Jaskaran Sethi, Niranjan Setty, Abigail Seward, Teswaree Sewdin, Jack Seymour, Tariq Shafi, Aashni Shah, Ahmar Shah, Anand Shah, Anjnee Shah, Bhavni Shah, Neil Shah, Pallav Shah, Priyank Shah, Qasim Shah, Sarfaraz H Shah, Snehal Shah, Suraj Shah, Syed Shah, Sousan 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Beverley Wadams, Susan Wadd, Natalia Waddington, Kirsten Wadsworth, Syed EI Wafa, Daniel Wagstaff, Lynda Wagstaff, Dalia Wahab, Zaroug Wahbi, Khalilullah Wahdati, Sawan Waidyanatha, Rachel Wake, Alice Wakefield, Emma Wakefield, Harry Wakefield, William Wakeford, Fiona Wakinshaw, Andrew Walden, Lorna Walding, Claire Walker, Ian Walker, Kevin Walker, Kim Walker, Linda Walker, Marie Walker, Rachel Walker, Susan Walker, Elaine Wall, Rebecca Wallbutton, Jessica Wallen, Karl Wallendszus, Arabella Waller, Michael Waller, Rosemary Waller, Gabriel Wallis, Louise Wallis, Donna Walsh, Elizabeth Walsh, Lani Walshaw, Daniel Walter, Holt Walters, Jocelyn Walters, Eileen Walton, Maggie Walton, Michael Walton, Olivia Walton, Susan Walton, Mandy Wan, Thin Wan, Mary Wands, Rachel Wane, Frank Wang, Nick Wang, Ran Wang, Deborah Warbrick, Samantha Warburton, Deborah Ward, Emma Ward, Katie Ward, Luke Ward, Rachael Ward, Thomas Ward, Scott A Warden, Steve Wardle, Hassan Wardy, Tobias Wareham, Scott Waring, Jenny Warmington, Ben Warner, Christian Warner, Lewis Warnock, Sarah Warran, Lisa Warren, Yolanda Warren, Hannah Warren-Miell, Hazel J Watchorn, Holly Waterfall, Abby Waters, Donald Waters, Mark Waterstone, Catherine Watkins, Catrin Watkins, Eleanor Watkins, Karen Watkins, Lynn Watkins, Adam JR Watson, Ekaterina Watson, Eleanor Watson, Paul Watson, Robert Watson, Malcolm Watters, Donna Watterson, Daniel Watts, John Watts, Merlin Watts, Victoria Waugh, Emma Wayman, Akhlaq Wazir, Nick Weatherly, Hayley Webb, Kathryn Webb, Stephen Webb, Ian Webster, Tim Webster, Ling Wee, Thanuja Weerasinghe, Janaka Weeratunga, Maria Weetman, Shuying Wei, Freshtah Weidi, Hugh Welch, James Welch, Leanne Welch, Steven Welch, Samantha Weller, Claire Wells, Susan Wellstead, Berni Welsh, RIchard Welsh, Ingeborg Welters, Rachael Welton, Lauren Wentworth, Kate Wesseldine, Magdelena West, Raha West, Ruth West, Sophie West, Heather Weston, Alice Westwood, Bill Wetherall, Helen Wheeler, Matthew Whelband, Amanda Whileman, Jenny Whitbread, Benjamin White, Catherine White, Christopher White, Duncan White, James White, Jonathan White, Katie White, Marie White, Nick White, Sarah White, Sonia White, Tracey White, Catherine Whitehead, Anne Whitehouse, Claire Whitehouse, Tony Whitehouse, Sophie Whiteley, Gabriel Whitlingum, Elizabeth Whittaker, Lindsay Whittam, Ashley Whittington, Helen Whittle, Eunice Wiafe, Lou Wiblin, John Widdrington, Jason Wieboldt, Hannah Wieringa, Cornelia Wiesender, Laura Wiffen, Andrew Wight, Christopher Wignall, Danielle Wilcock, Emma Wilcock, Louise Wilcox, Karen Wild, Laura Wild, Stephen Wild, Michael Wilde, Peter Wilding, Tracey Wildsmith, Joe Wileman, Joy Wiles, Kate Wiles, Elva Wilhelmsen, Thomas Wiliams, David Wilkin, Hannah Wilkins, Joy Wilkins, Suzanne Wilkins, Iain Wilkinson, Lesley Wilkinson, Nicola Wilkinson, Sophia Wilkinson, Susan Wilkinson, Tim Wilkinson, Sylvia Willetts, Alexandra Williams, Alison Williams, Angharad Williams, Ava Williams, Carl Williams, Caroline V Williams, Claire Williams, Dewi Williams, Felicity Williams, Gail Williams, Hannah Williams, James Williams, Jennie Williams, John Williams, Joseph JR Williams, Karen Williams, Kathryn Williams, Marie Williams, Matthew Williams, Patricia Williams, Penny Williams, Samson Williams, Sarah Williams, Sophie Williams, Tamanna Williams, Annie Williamson, Cath Williamson, Catherine Williamson, Dawn Williamson, James D Williamson, Elizabeth Willis, Emily Willis, Heather Willis, Herika Willis, Joanna Willis, Louise Wills, Lucy Willsher, Francesca Willson, Alison Wilson, Andrea Wilson, Antoinette Wilson, Debbie Wilson, James Wilson, Kate Wilson, Lucinda Wilson, Mark Wilson, Toni Wilson, Tim Wilson, Marlar Win, Tin T Win, Lucinda Winckworth, Laura Winder, Piers Winder, Nicola Window, Simon Winn, Carmen Winpenny, Helen Winslow, Martin Winstanley, Helen Winter, Jonathan Winter, Barbara Winter-Goodwin, Stephen Wisdom, Martin Wiselka, Sophie Wiseman, Steven Wishart, Eric Witele, Nicholas 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Xia, Masseh Yakubi, May Yan, Michael Yanney, Salima Yasmin, Bryan Yates, David Yates, Edward Yates, Helen Yates, Mark Yates, Charlotte Yearwood Martin, Khin Yein, Robert Yellon, Fiona Yelnoorkar, Peter Yew, Kawai Yip, Laura Ylquimiche Melly, Inez Ynter, Cissy Yong, Jemma Yorke, Abdel Younes Ibrahim, Gail Young, Louise Young, Sajeda Youssouf, Ahmed Yousuf, Chrissie Yu, Bernard Yung, Daniel Yusef, Anna-Sophia Zafar, Silvia Zagalo, Su Zaher, Kareem Zaki, Nabhan Zakir, Kasia Zalewska, Ane Zamalloa, Mohsin Zaman, Shakir Zaman, Julie Zamikula, Louise Zammit, Marie Zammit-Mangion, Ausra Zdanaviciene, Esther Zebracki, Daniel Zehnder, Lisa Zeidan, Xiaobei Zhao, Dongling Zheng, Jane Zhixin, Doreen Zhu, Madiha Zia, Omar Zibdeh, Rabia Zill-E-Huma, Ei T Zin, Vivian Zinyemba, Christos Zipitis, Arkadiusz Zmierczak, Azam Zubir, Naz Zuhra, Rasha Zulaikha, Carol Zullo, Ana Zuriaga-Alvaro, National Institute for Health Research, UK Research and Innovation, University of St Andrews. School of Medicine, Horby, PW, Roddick, A, Spata, E, Staplin, N, Emberson, JR, Pessoa-Amorim, G, Peto, L, Day, J, Thwaites, G, Mafham, M, Haynes, R, and Landray, MJ
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Azithromycin, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/humanitarian_conflict_response_institute, Rate ratio, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, Oxygen therapy, RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hospital Mortality, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, azithromycin, education.field_of_study, Covid19, clinical trial, General Medicine, 3rd-DAS, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, Female, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, RM, Population, COVID-19/drug therapy, Azithromycin/therapeutic use, 03 medical and health sciences, Pharmacotherapy, Tocilizumab, Medicine, General & Internal, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, education, Survival rate, Mechanical ventilation, Science & Technology, business.industry, COVID-19, NIS, Length of Stay, R1, United Kingdom, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RECOVERY Collaborative Group, chemistry, Relative risk, business, RA, Anaesthesia Pain and Critical Care
Abstract: The RECOVERY trial is supported by a grant to the University of Oxford from UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and NIHR (MC_PC_19056) and by core funding provided by NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the Department for International Development, Health Data Research UK, the Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, the NIHR Health Protection Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, and NIHR Clinical Trials Unit Support Funding. TJ is supported by a grant from UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_0002/14) and an NIHR Senior Research Fellowship (NIHR-SRF-2015-08-001). WSL is supported by core funding provided by NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre. Background: Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatory actions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Methods: In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients were randomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once per day by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatment groups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment and were twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants and local study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to the outcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936. Findings: Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) were eligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was 65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomly allocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall, 561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87-1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median 10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98-1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, no significant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87-1·03; p=0·24). Interpretation: In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or other prespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restricted to patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication. Publisher PDF
Published: 2021

42. A Methodology for Automatic Evaluation of DTV Signals

Author: Bruno Farias, Petrina Kimura, Fabricio Izumi, Ruan J.S. Belem, Robson R. Andrade, Romulo De Souza Fabricio Junior, and Eddie B. de Lima Filho
Subjects: Signal processing, business.industry, Computer science, Real-time computing, Digital television, business, Signal, Synchronization, Field (computer science), Transform coding
Abstract: Field problems are usual in digital TV (DTV) systems due to development errors and wrongly performed configuration. DTV receivers evolve with new models, which usually leads to increasingly correct devices; however, configuration errors always occur due to new head-ends and equipment, which often cause signal non-conformance and receiver malfunction. This work addresses the mentioned problem and proposes a methodology for automated signal analysis that can be used for both preventive and report-driven evaluation procedures, also leading to reduced losses. A real implementation of it showed its efficiency and efficacy, with analysis procedures that can even be five times faster.
Published: 2021

43. Translation in Love's Labour's Lost

Author: Alessandra Petrina
Subjects: Literature, Translation, Literature and Literary Theory, Shakespeare, business.industry, Philosophy, Shakespeare, Love's Labour's Lost, Translation, Translation (biology), Love's Labour's Lost, business
Published: 2021

44. SeDREno study - Prevalence of hospital malnutrition according to GLIM criteria, ten years after the PREDyCES study

Author: Maddalen Dublang-Irazabal, Ihintza Larrañaga-Unanue, Margarita Díez-Muñiz-Alique, Ana Zugasti Murillo, Ángela Martín-Palmero, José Luis Salsamendi-Pérez, Juan J. de la Cruz, María Estrella Petrina-Jáuregui, Josefa Rengel-Jiménez, María Luisa Abínzano-Guillén, Carmen Fernández-López, Carmen Ripa-Ciáurriz, Ángela González-Díaz Faes, Rebeca Sánchez Sánchez, Olatz Olariaga, Laura Calles-Romero, María Riestra-Fernández, Francisco Villazón-González, and José Javier Agorreta-Ruiz
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Iatrogenic Disease, Medicine (miscellaneous), GLIM, Early detection, Nutritional Status, Body Mass Index, Diagnosis, Prevalence, Disease-related malnutrition, Medicine, Humans, Cognitive impairment, education, Nutritional risk, Aged, Quality Indicators, Health Care, Quality of Health Care, Gynecology, Polypharmacy, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, GLIM criteria, Estudio transversal, Malnutrition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Spain, Screening, Female, business
Abstract: espanolAntecedentes y objetivos: el ultimo gran estudio multicentrico sobre desnutricion relacionada con la enfermedad (DRE) en Espana (el estudio PREDyCES) mostro una prevalencia de desnutricion del 23,7 % segun la herramienta Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002). El principal objetivo del estudio SeDREno fue evaluar la prevalencia de la desnutricion hospitalaria al ingreso segun los criterios GLIM diez anos despues. Metodos: estudio transversal, observacional, multicentrico, segun la practica clinica estandar, realizado en 17 hospitales durante un periodo de cinco a siete dias. Los pacientes fueron evaluados inicialmente con la herramienta de deteccion universal de desnutricion (MUST) y luego con los criterios GLIM para el diagnostico de DRE y la clasificacion de la gravedad. Resultados: se evaluaron 2185 pacientes, con un 54,8 % de varones, una edad media de 67,1 (17,0) anos (50,2 % ≥ 70 anos). Se observo desnutricion en el 29,7 % de los pacientes segun los criterios GLIM (12,5 % grave, 17,2 % moderada). Entre los pacientes ≥ 70 anos se observo desnutricion en el 34,8 %. Las condiciones clinicas asociadas significativamente con una mayor prevalencia de desnutricion fueron la disfagia (47,6 %), el deterioro cognitivo (43,4 %), el cancer (39,1 %), las enfermedades gastrointestinales (37,7 %), la diabetes (34,8 %) y la patologia cardiovascular (33,4 %). El analisis multivariante revelo que el sexo, el IMC, la diabetes, el cancer, los trastornos gastrointestinales y la polimedicacion eran los principales factores independientes asociados a la DRE. La desnutricion se asocio a un aumento de la duracion de la estancia hospitalaria y la muerte (p Conclusiones: la DRE en pacientes ingresados ha aumentado en Espana en los ultimos 10 anos en paralelo con el aumento del envejecimiento de la poblacion. En el estudio SeDREno, casi uno de cada tres pacientes esta desnutrido. La evaluacion sistematica del estado nutricional permite la deteccion e implementacion precoces de intervenciones nutricionales para lograr un mejor resultado clinico. EnglishBackground & aims: the last large multicenter study on disease-related malnutrition (DRM) in Spain (the PREDyCES study) showed a 23.7 % prevalence of malnutrition, according to the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002) tool. The main objective of the SeDREno study was to assess the prevalence of hospital malnutrition upon admission, according to GLIM criteria, ten years later. Methods: a cross-sectional, observational, multicenter study in standard clinical practice, conducted in 17 hospitals during a period of five to seven days. Patients were initially screened using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and then assessed using the GLIM criteria for diagnosis and severity grading. Results: a total of 2,185 patients, 54.8 % males, mean age 67.1 (17.0) years (50.2 % aged ≥ 70 years), were evaluated. Malnutrition was observed in 29.7 % of patients according to GLIM criteria (12.5 % severe, 17.2 % moderate). In patients ≥ 70 years malnutrition was observed in 34.8 %. The clinical conditions significantly associated with a higher prevalence of malnutrition were dysphagia (47.6 %), cognitive impairment (43.4 %), cancer (39.1 %), gastrointestinal disease (37.7 %), diabetes (34.8 %), and cardiovascular disease (33.4 %). The multivariate analysis revealed that gender, BMI, diabetes, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, and polypharmacy were the main independent factors associated with DRM. Malnutrition was associated with an increase in length of hospital stay and death (p Conclusions: DRM in admitted patients has increased in Spain in the last 10 years paralleling ageing of the population. In the SeDREno study almost one in three patients are malnourished. A systematic assessment of nutritional status allows early detection and implementation of nutritional interventions to achieve a better clinical outcome.
Published: 2021

45. Transferrin Isoforms, Old but New Biomarkers in Hereditary Fructose Intolerance

Author: Ainara Cano, Estrella Petrina Jáuregui, Dámaris Martínez Chicano, Amaya Belanger-Quintana, Juliana Serrano-Nieto, Javier de las Heras, Leticia Ceberio, Montserrat Morales, Elsa Izquierdo-García, Silvia Chumillas-Calzada, María L. Couce, Carlos Alcalde, Patricia Correcher, Isidro Vitoria Miñana, María Unceta Suarez, Luis Peña-Quintana, C. Pedrón-Giner, Tomás Hernández, Dolores García-Arenas, Igor Gómez, Elvira Cañedo-Villarroya, and Paula Sánchez-Pintos
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Sucrose, Hereditary fructose intolerance, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Article, fructose, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, sorbitol, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, sialotransferrin profile, business.industry, Aldolase B, Aldolase A, aldolase B, Fructose, sucrose, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, chemistry, Inborn error of metabolism, Transferrin, biology.protein, hereditary fructose intolerance, Medicine, biomarker, Sorbitol, business, diet
Abstract: Hereditary Fructose Intolerance (HFI) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism characterised by the deficiency of the hepatic enzyme aldolase B. Its treatment consists in adopting a fructose-, sucrose-, and sorbitol (FSS)-restrictive diet for life. Untreated HFI patients present an abnormal transferrin (Tf) glycosylation pattern due to the inhibition of mannose-6-phosphate isomerase by fructose-1-phosphate. Hence, elevated serum carbohydrate-deficient Tf (CDT) may allow the prompt detection of HFI. The CDT values improve when an FSS-restrictive diet is followed, however, previous data on CDT and fructose intake correlation are inconsistent. Therefore, we examined the complete serum sialoTf profile and correlated it with FSS dietary intake and with hepatic parameters in a cohort of paediatric and adult fructosemic patients. To do so, the profiles of serum sialoTf from genetically diagnosed HFI patients on an FSS-restricted diet (n = 37) and their age-, sex- and body mass index-paired controls (n = 32) were analysed by capillary zone electrophoresis. We found that in HFI patients, asialoTf correlated with dietary intake of sucrose (R = 0.575, p &lt, 0.001) and FSS (R = 0.475, p = 0.008), and that pentasialoTf+hexasialoTf negatively correlated with dietary intake of fructose (R = −0.386, p = 0.024) and FSS (R = −0.400, p = 0.019). In addition, the tetrasialoTf/disialoTf ratio truthfully differentiated treated HFI patients from healthy controls, with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.97, 92% sensitivity, 94% specificity and 93% accuracy.
Published: 2021

46. Increasing influenza vaccination rates in solid organ transplant recipients in an outpatient transplant centre

Author: Petrina Yuen Wai Fan, Jielin Song, Puay Hoon Lee, Nuraini Lee Binte Ismail Lee, Chee-Kiat Tan, Yan Ting Yeo, Terence Yi Shern Kee, and Eleanor Gek Theng Ng
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Vaccination rate, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, 030106 microbiology, lcsh:R, lcsh:Medicine, General Medicine, Vaccination, Transplantation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Solid organ transplantation
Abstract: Although influenza can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients, its vaccination rate among solid organ transplant recipients remains low. This study evaluates influenza vaccination among solid organ transplant recipients and compares rates before and after introducing a one-stop influenza vaccination service. In a prospective study on influenza vaccination among solid organ transplant recipients followed up from December 2014 to February 2015, 308 solid organ transplant recipients were surveyed, of which 25.0% received their annual influenza vaccination previously. Of those who have not, 60.6% were vaccinated after the education. We found most solid organ transplant recipients to be unaware of the importance of annual influenza vaccination (66.7%). Recipients with a shorter number of years post-transplant (odds ratio (OR) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91–0.99) and a history of diabetes (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.23–0.94) were more likely to receive vaccination. The incidence of influenza infection post-implementation was lower (4.9%, 2.6%; P=0.668). Solid organ transplant recipients who had had been vaccinated were associated with a lower incidence of influenza (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04–0.99). We conclude that the implementation of the one-stop influenza vaccination service had increased the vaccination uptake rate among solid organ transplant recipients by addressing the barriers and increasing accessibility.
Published: 2020

47. Case Studies Discussing the Pathology, Immunogenicity, and Proposed Mechanism of Toxicity of an Inhaled Anti-TGFβ Humanized Fab Antibody in Non-Human Primates and Mice

Author: James T. Raymond, Sherri Dudal, Jacquelin Jolette, Annick Cauvin, Petrina Rogerson, and Anthony Peter Hall
Subjects: Primates, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, 040301 veterinary sciences, Inflammation, Toxicology, Antibodies, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, Immune system, Transforming Growth Factor beta, medicine, Macrophage, Animals, Molecular Biology, Lung, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, business.industry, Immunogenicity, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Cell Biology, respiratory system, Bronchoalveolar lavage, biology.protein, Lymph, medicine.symptom, Antibody, business, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, CD8
Abstract: Treatment of nonhuman primates and mice with a humanized antigen-binding fragment (Fab) antibody (UCBFab) inhibiting transforming growth factor β via daily inhalation for up to 13 weeks resulted in low systemic exposure but high local exposure in the lung. Target engagement was demonstrated by reduced levels of signal transducers, phosphoSMAD and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Treatment was associated with a high frequency and titer of antidrug antibodies, indicating high local immunogenicity, and local pathology within the lung and draining lymph nodes. Microscopic changes were characterized by perivascular (PV) and peribronchiolar (PB) mononuclear inflammatory cell (MIC) infiltrates that were principally lymphocytic in nature and mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates and/or inflammation within the alveoli. Immunohistochemical investigation revealed a predominantly CD68-positive macrophage and CD3- and CD8>CD4-positive T-cell response in the alveoli, whereas within the airways, there was a variable mixture of CD3-positive T cells, CD20-positive B cells, and CD68-positive macrophages. Increased cellularity of the draining lymph nodes was also noted, indicating the presence of an immune response to the inhaled test article. Morphologic changes did not progress over time, and all changes partially recovered. Increased leukocytes (principally macrophages) in BALF cytology correlated with the changes seen by histopathology.
Published: 2020

48. Evolution of comorbidities associated with obesity one year after bariatric surgery, our hospital experience

Author: Henry Rendón, Amelia Marí, Sonsoles Botella, Estrella Petrina, Carlos Joaquin de, Ana Zugasti, and Emma Anda
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General surgery, medicine, medicine.disease, business, Obesity, Hospital experience
Published: 2020

49. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMS) - 30-day mortality and adverse events post colonoscopy: A prospective observational study from a metropolitan Australian hospital

Author: Felicity Hartnell, Robert Franz, Thomas James, Ruth Hodgson, Tony Rahman, John Croese, Ann Vandeleur, Andrew Hughes, Myat Myat Khaing, Ian Shaw, Petrina Kellar, and Harish Iswariah
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Colonoscopy, Metropolitan area, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Safety profile, 30 day mortality, Emergency medicine, Medicine, Observational study, Patient-reported outcome, Quality Improvement and Patient Safety, business, Adverse effect
Abstract: Colonoscopy has an excellent internationally proven and accepted safety profile, with large scale studies demonstrating very low rates of post-procedural mortality and severe complications. Little information exists about patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in Australia. PROMs have been demonstrated to be an advanced measure of quality incorporating patient/user feedback. We performed a patient reported outcome measure quality assurance study of our metropolitan hospital colonoscopy service to identify and assess the incidence of adverse events and mortality occurring at or within 30 days of colonoscopy. Prospective, single-centre study with PROMs from all patients having inpatient and …
Published: 2020

50. Effectiveness of reactive focal mass drug administration and reactive focal vector control to reduce malaria transmission in the low malaria-endemic setting of Namibia: a cluster-randomised controlled, open-label, two-by-two factorial design trial

Author: Leah Schrubbe, Munyaradzi Tambo, Patrick McCreesh, Immo Kleinschmidt, Adam Bennett, Henry Ntuku, Mi-Suk Kang Dufour, Stark Katokele, Lizette L. Koekemoer, Valerie Scott, Agnes Mwilima, Kathryn W. Roberts, Oliver F. Medzihradsky, Petrina Uusiku, Noel Siame, Erica Erlank, Roly Gosling, Lindsey Wu, Griffith Siloka, Brooke Whittemore, Lisa M. Prach, Bryan Greenhouse, Michelle S. Hsiang, Sofonias K. Tessema, Cara Smith Gueye, Davis R. Mumbengegwi, Hugh J. W. Sturrock, and Jennifer L. Smith
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Mosquito Control, Primaquine, Plasmodium falciparum, Indoor residual spraying, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Rate ratio, Article, law.invention, Antimalarials, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Seroepidemiologic Studies, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Cumulative incidence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Malaria, Falciparum, Mass drug administration, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Artemether, Lumefantrine Drug Combination, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Namibia, Mass Drug Administration, business, Malaria, medicine.drug
Abstract: Summary Background In low malaria-endemic settings, screening and treatment of individuals in close proximity to index cases, also known as reactive case detection (RACD), is practised for surveillance and response. However, other approaches could be more effective for reducing transmission. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of reactive focal mass drug administration (rfMDA) and reactive focal vector control (RAVC) in the low malaria-endemic setting of Zambezi (Namibia). Methods We did a cluster-randomised controlled, open-label trial using a two-by-two factorial design of 56 enumeration area clusters in the low malaria-endemic setting of Zambezi (Namibia). We randomly assigned these clusters using restricted randomisation to four groups: RACD only, rfMDA only, RAVC plus RACD, or rfMDA plus RAVC. RACD involved rapid diagnostic testing and treatment with artemether-lumefantrine and single-dose primaquine, rfMDA involved presumptive treatment with artemether-lumefantrine, and RAVC involved indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl. Interventions were administered within 500 m of index cases. To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions targeting the parasite reservoir in humans (rfMDA vs RACD), in mosquitoes (RAVC vs no RAVC), and in both humans and mosquitoes (rfMDA plus RAVC vs RACD only), an intention-to-treat analysis was done. For each of the three comparisons, the primary outcome was the cumulative incidence of locally acquired malaria cases. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT02610400 . Findings Between Jan 1, 2017, and Dec 31, 2017, 55 enumeration area clusters had 1118 eligible index cases that led to 342 interventions covering 8948 individuals. The cumulative incidence of locally acquired malaria was 30·8 per 1000 person-years (95% CI 12·8–48·7) in the clusters that received rfMDA versus 38·3 per 1000 person-years (23·0–53·6) in the clusters that received RACD; 30·2 per 1000 person-years (15·0–45·5) in the clusters that received RAVC versus 38·9 per 1000 person-years (20·7–57·1) in the clusters that did not receive RAVC; and 25·0 per 1000 person-years (5·2–44·7) in the clusters that received rfMDA plus RAVC versus 41·4 per 1000 person-years (21·5–61·2) in the clusters that received RACD only. After adjusting for imbalances in baseline and implementation factors, the incidence of malaria was lower in clusters receiving rfMDA than in those receiving RACD (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0·52 [95% CI 0·16–0·88], p=0·009), lower in clusters receiving RAVC than in those that did not (0·48 [0·16–0·80], p=0·002), and lower in clusters that received rfMDA plus RAVC than in those receiving RACD only (0·26 [0·10–0·68], p=0·006). No serious adverse events were reported. Interpretation In a low malaria-endemic setting, rfMDA and RAVC, implemented alone and in combination, reduced malaria transmission and should be considered as alternatives to RACD for elimination of malaria. Funding Novartis Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and Horchow Family Fund.
Published: 2020

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