Search

Breast cancer is a major health concern as it is the second leading cause of death from cancer. There are several well-known risk factors that contribute to breast cancer. Despite the various treatment options available, complete cure is still difficult due to heterogenicity of BC subtypes. As a result, identifying BC subtypes is critical for determining the optimal treatment approach. Over the last several years, new drugs targeting particular therapeutic targets have resulted in significant advances in the treatment of breast cancer. Nonetheless, resistance to treatment is the “major” issue, and a significant increase in survival rates has been the main focus for researchers. The purpose of this review article is to provide a broad overview of the molecular basis of drug resistance in breast cancer, as well as a detailed assessment of current treatment options, potential new treatment methods for drug-resistant breast cancer and repurposed drugs used for treatment. The possibility of non-cancer drugs being studied for breast cancer in the future, as well as the obstacles and bottlenecks of drug repurposing, is also highlighted. Finally, we go through present problems and future prospects in drug-resistant breast cancer therapy.

Purpose: Eucalyptol is a colourless liquid and occurs as natural organic compound being used in food preparations. This study aims to summarize the literature reporting on the pharmacokinetic studies, pharmacological activities, its safety profile and limits of eucalyptol to be used in the food preparations. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE to identify relevant literature published. Methodologies used in pharmacological and toxicological studies of Eucalyptol are being reviewed comprehensively. The pharmacokinetics, safety profile and pharmacological profile are being summarised. Conclusion: Eucalyptol is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for adding in food preparation to enhance the odour and taste. Many nutraceuticals, cakes, creams and other eatables are flavoured with eucalyptol in most countries of the world. Developing and under developed countries have to take the measures to ensure the level of eucalyptol being used in the food preparations as it has toxic effect too.