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Objective: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of drug use and related factors in university students. Methods: This study was carried out in Mersin, Turkey. Data forms were filled in by ...

Pulmonary artery sling is a rare congenital vascular abnormality, where the left pulmonary artery originates from the right pulmonary artery, passes between trachea, and esophagus and reaching the left hilum. Cough, wheezing, and difficulty in feeding are three major symptoms. Untreated pulmonary sling carries high morbidity and mortality, most of which is due to the airway and other associated anomalies. Herein, we reported a 40-day-old male infant who admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with progressive respiratory distress and diagnosed with left pulmonary sling with tracheal stenosis. We discussed the diagnosis and management of pulmonary artery sling and present the successful use of laryngeal mask in difficult airway management.

BACKGROUND Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, causes endothelial dysfunction which is an important risk factor for mortality in adult cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate whether there was a relationship between the aortic cross-clamping (ACC) time and serum ADMA level in aortic coarctation surgery and importance of the serum ADMA level as a marker of mortality and morbidity. METHOD Twenty-two patients undergoing surgery for aortic coarctation in the neonatal and early infant period were included in the study, and the patients were divided into two groups according to the aortic cross-clamping time (Group I: 20-min). RESULTS In Group I, preoperative and postoperative mean ADMA values of the patients were 0.57 ± 0.78 and 0.54 ± 0.83 µmol/L, respectively. In Group II, preoperative and postoperative mean ADMA values of the patients were 0.69 ± 0.93 and 1.10 ± 0.30 µmol/L, respectively. Preoperative-postoperative change of ADMA correlates with ACC time (r = .802, p

Authors would like to thank Işik University, Ataturk University, ATASAM, OPAM, and the Ministry of Development for the funding and support (2011K120230). The purpose of this study is expressing advances in design stages for in flange optical field derotator system for 4 meters DAG Telescope. In-Flange Derotator KORAY (K-mirror OpticalRelAY) is designed, analysed and manufactured to meet the specifications of DAG telescope. DAG telescope, situated at Erzurum/Karakaya summit at 3150m altitude, is the first Turkish optical telescope with VIS(Visible) and IR (Infrared) observation capability. DAG, designed by Turkish engineers at FMV Isik University, is also the largest telescope (4m diameter) in Turkey and in European continent. Being one of the 2023 vision projects; the first light of DAG is expected to take place in 2021. This purpose brings some real-life challenges such as design limitations, material selection and electronic integration. Publisher's Version WOS:000769070400067

Background In this study, we present our 12-year experience in the surgical treatment of primary cardiac tumors in childhood. Methods Thirteen pediatric patients (8 males, 5 females; mean age 1.3±1.9 years; range, 3 days to 6 years) who were operated for a primary cardiac tumor in our center between January 2005 and December 2017 were included in this study. The data were evaluated retrospectively based on our medical records. Results All of the masses resected were benign. However, the most common tumor was rhabdomyoma (n=7), followed by fibroma (n=3), myxoma (n=2), and pericardial teratoma (n=1). The mortality rate was 15.4%, as two patients died in the early postoperative period. No residual mass or tumor recurrence was observed in the early and late postoperative period in the remaining patients. Conclusion Although primary cardiac tumors in childhood are usually benign, they may cause clinically significant problems depending on the localization and size of the tumor. Surgical tumor excision is often associated with good long-term outcomes.

Multi purpose hydraulic die spotting presses can be used for both die spotting and mass production. Due to the reducing cycle time of hydraulic presses in mass manufacturing, dynamic analysis can be used to determine the oscillations caused by the structural design of the hydraulic press. Oscillations are generated during loading and unloading cycle of press operation and can affect product quality, energy consumption, product life of press etc. Resonance which is related to natural frequency and damping ratio, must be avoided in order to increase the quality of press. There must be a necessary interval between operation (cycle) frequency and the natural frequency of the hydraulic press. Thus, the resonance can be prevented. In this work, the natural frequencies of the 2000 tone multi purpose hydraulic die spotting press is firstly calculated by modal analysis by using finite element model (FEM) and secondly measured during operation.

Amaç: Yenidoğan döneminde izole konjenital tam kalp bloğu oldukça nadir görülen bir hastalıktır. Genellikle anne kanında altta yatan immun sistem hastalıklarına bağlı gelişen otoantikorların plasenta yoluyla geçişi ile bebeğin kalp ileti sisteminde fibrozis ile sonuçlanmasının neden olduğu bilinmektedir. Erken dönemde tanı konulmayan ve tedavi edilmeyen hastalarda yüksek oranda ani bebek ölümü ve ciddi morbidite ile kendini gösterir. Bu çalışmadaki amacımız kliniğimizin konu ile ilgili tecrübelerini aktarmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada 2011-2017 yılları arasında Dr. Sami Ulus Kadın Doğum Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Kalp ve Damar Cerrahisi Kliniğinde izole kalp bloğu nedeniyle cerrahi olarak epikardiyal kalp pili implante edilen 9 hasta (1 erkek, 8 kız) retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Altı hastada (%67) kalp bloğu tanısı intrauterin hayatta iken yapılan fetal ekokardiyografi incelemesi ile kondu. 3 (%33) hastamızda ise doğumdan sonra ortaya çıkan bradikardi sonrası çekilen elektrokardiyografiler (EKG) ve transtorasik ekokardiyografi( TTE) incelemeleri ile tanı konuldu. Hastaların 8 (%89)’inde annede otoimmün bir hastalık bulunmaktaydı. Bunların %62’si Sistemik Lupus Eritamatozus (SLE) (n=5), %38’i Sjögren Sendromu (n=3) tanıları ile takip edilmekteydi. Tüm hastalara epikardiyal kalp pili implante edildi. Bir hastada postoperatif 2. ayda sepsis nedeniyle mortalite görüldü. Diğer hastaların takipleri sorunsuz olarak devam etmektedir.Sonuç: Yenidoğan dönemi tam kalp bloğu yüksek mortalite ve morbidite ile seyreden bir durumdur. Artan tecrübe ile birlikte fetal ekokardiyografi prenatal dönemde birçok konjenital kalp hastalığının tanısının konulmasını sağlamaktadır. Epikardiyal kalp pili implantasyonu mortalite ve morbiditede belirgin derecede azalma sağlayan tek tedavi yöntemidir.

Background:To investigate the feasibility of critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) screening test by pulse oximetry in four geographical regions of Turkey with different altitudes, before implementation of a nationwide screening program.Methods:It was a prospective multi-centre study performed in four centres, between December, 2015 and May, 2017. Pre- and post-ductal oxygen saturations and perfusion indices (PI) were measured using Masimo Radical-7 at early postnatal days. The results were evaluated according to the algorithm recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Additionally, a PI value Results:In 4888 newborns, the mean screening time was 31.5 ± 12.1 hours. At first attempt, the mean values of pre- and post-ductal measurements were: saturation 97.3 ± 1.8%, PI 2.8 ± 2.0, versus saturation 97.7 ± 1.8%, PI 2.3±1.3, respectively. Pre-ductal saturations and PI and post-ductal saturations were the lowest in Centre 4 with the highest altitude. Overall test positivity rate was 0.85% (n = 42). CCHD was detected in six babies (0.12%). Of them, right hand (91 ± 6.3) and foot saturations (92.1 ± 4.3%) were lower compared to ones with non-CCHD and normal variants (p Conclusion:This study concluded that pulse oximetry screening is an effective screening tool for congenital heart disease in newborns at different altitudes. We support the implementation of a national screening program with consideration of altitude differences for our country.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the stability of a small scale six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear helicopter model at translator velocities and angular displacements while it is transiting to hover with different initial conditions. Design/methodology/approach In this study, model predictive controller and linear quadratic regulator are designed and compared within each other for the stabilization of the open loop unstable nonlinear helicopter model. Findings This study shows that the helicopter is able to reach to the desired target with good robustness, low control effort and small steady-state error under disturbances such as parameter uncertainties, mistuned controller. Originality/value The purpose of using model predictive control for three axes of the autopilot is to decrease the control effort and to make the close-loop system insensitive against modeling uncertainties.

The excessive grasper force may lead to irrevocable damage to the tissue in minimally invasive surgery. This study focuses on grasping mechanism of a laparoscopic surgery tool in order to control the grasping force. First, the dynamics of grasping mechanism of a conventional laparoscopic grasper is investigated using analytical and experimental methods. Then, a smart laparoscopic surgery tool is designed using the shape memory alloy wire with a bias spring. The grasper force is controlled through the actuator by different type of controllers and performance of the controllers are compared. Closed-loop dynamics of the grasper mechanism is achieved with 3.34% overshoot and zero steady state error.

A 31 year-old woman complaining of mild dyspnea and fatique was admitted to our clinic.A two-dimensional echocardiogram revealed a 2×2 cm mobile mass in the left ventricle. A 2 x 3 cm mobile,pedinculated,gelatinous mass originating from the left ventricular lateral wall was removed by left ventriculotomy and histological features of the tumor indicated a myxoma.

Each laparoscopic surgery tool has specific design and task, which includes grasping, cutting, clamping, retraction etc. for surgery. This study deals with kinetic analysis of a conventional laparoscopic grasper in order to obtain a simple and valid analytical model that allows optimization of tool dimension, and verification of the model with experimental results. Additionally, simplified analytical model is compared with previously developed analytical model. The simplified model has the same results in calculation of actuator and grasper force compared to its predecessor. With the simplified analytical model, maximum error between the analytical and the experimental results is up to 2.8% in specific parameters.

OBJECTIVE In this retrospective study, we evaluated the demographic characteristics of patients that underwent hip replacement surgery in our orthopedic clinic. Associated diseases, preoperative laboratory findings, intraoperative findings, and the effect of admission or refusal to the intensive care unit on postoperative mortality and morbidity were recorded. Furthermore, we tried to identify surgical and anaesthetic methods applied, intraoperative hemodynamic changes, length of stay in the post-anaesthesia care unit, and postoperative complications. METHODS Demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, preoperative laboratory findings, intraoperative findings, and admission or refusal to the intensive care unit of patients who underwent hip replacement surgery between January 2008-December 2010 were enrolled. RESULTS Out of 500 patients, 33.4% (n=164) were operated under general anaesthesia, 34% (n=170) under combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia, 22.2% (n=111) under spinal anaesthesia, 6.4% (n=32) under combined lomber plexus block and sciatic nerve block, and 4% (n=20) under epidural anaesthesia. Mean hospital stay was 7 days in the general anaesthesia group and 5 days in the regional anaesthesia group. CONCLUSION American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) scores and incidence of co-morbidities were higher in the partial hip replacement group. Admission to the intensive care unit was lower in the total hip replacement group. Hospital stay was shorter in the partial hip replacement group. Mortality rates on the 7(th) and 30(th) days were higher in the partial hip replacement group.

Amac: Bu calismada dogustan kalp cerrahisinde kardiyopulmoner baypas (KPB) sirasinda lokosit filtrasyonunun enflamatuvar reaksiyonlar uzerine olan etkisi arastirildi. Ca­lis­ma­ pla­ni:­ Calismada KPB sirasinda oksijenator sonrasinda lokosit filtresinin arteriyel hatta baglandigi hastalar grup 1’i (n=15), kontroller ise grup 2’yi (n=15) olusturdu. Hastalar yas, cinsiyet, dogustan kalp hastaligi, toplam KPB suresi, aortik kros klemp suresi, mekanik ventilasyon suresi, yogun bakim unitesi (YBU) ve hastane kalis suresi, 24 saatlik gogus drenaj miktari takibi, inotropik ilac kullanimi, toplam kan transfuzyon miktari ve ameliyat sonrasi komplikasyonlar acisindan ayrintili olarak degerlendirildi. Elastaz ve kompleman (C5a) icin alinan kan ornekleri ameliyat sirasinda induksiyondan sonra sternotomi oncesi, KPB’ye gecmeden once, protamin sonrasi, ameliyat sonrasi birinci saatte YBU’de ve ameliyat sonrasi 24. saatte alindi. Tam kan sayimi, aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), kreatinfosfokinaz MB (CKMB), kan ure azotu (BUN) ve kreatinin duzeyi icin ameliyat oncesi ve ameliyat sonrasi birinci ve 24. saatlerde kan ornekleri alindi. Bul gu lar: Hastanede yatis suresi grup 2’de grup 1’e gore daha uzun bulundu (sirasiyla 6.5±1.8’e karsin 9.7±5.1 gun, p=0.015). C5a degerleri her iki grupta da uc, dort ve besinci periyotlarda istatistiksel anlamli olmayan artislar gosterdi (sirasiyla 0.5±0.2’ye karsin 0.6±0.2; p=0.361 ve 0.4±0.1’e karsin 0.4±0.0; p=0.144 ve 2.1±6.6’ya karsin 0.4±0.1; p=0.298). Gruplar arasinda ALT, AST, CKMB ve lokosit sayisi icin yapilan alt grup analizinde istatistiksel anlamli farklilik (p

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of respiratory muscle training on respiratory functions and aerobic and anaerobic strength in adolescent taekwondo athletes. Between the ages of 12–17, 32 taekwondo athletes participated in the study. Participating athletes were randomly divided into two groups as ‘’experimental group’’ (n=15) and ‘’control group’’ (n=17) as to similar characteristics. The experimental group was given respiratory muscle training for 30 min with an adjustable respiratory pressure device for 3 days a week through 8 weeks period. No exercise was given to the control group with the device. A 20 meter shuttle run test was performed for aerobic capacity and a vertical jump test was performed for anaerobic strength. The inspiratory pressure was measured. After the respiratory muscle training, statistically significant difference was found in the maximum oxygen consumption capacities (MaxVO2) and anaerobic strength values (p

Objective: Brachial arterial aneurysms are relatively uncommon in childhood. Development of the distal ischemic complications is the main risk in brachial arterial aneurysm and pseudoaneurysms. Nine infants who had surgery for brachial artery pseudoaneurysm in our clinic were reported and the results of the treatment are discussed. Material and Methods: Nine patients who were operated for pseudoaneurysms at our clinic between 2005 and 2010 were evaluated retrospectively from hospital records. Radiological diagnosis of pseudoaneurysms was considered as an indication for surgery. results: A total of 9 patients were evaluated, and six were girls. Pseudoaneurysms were located in the right arm in five patients. All the cases were referred from other pediatric centers. conclusion: Brachial arterial pseudoaneurysms in infants are a rare complication after multiple venous punctures. Early diagnosis and surgical reconstruction of these cases are very important for the prevention of ischemic complication. Brachial artery pseudoaneurysms with ultrasonographic diagnosis were repaired surgically at our clinic to prevent ischemic complications.

The sensing capability of PVDF piezoelectric film integrated with PDMS polymer vertical fiber array has been analyzed using finite element method. The fiber structure on the foot of the gecko, spiders and other insects gives inspiration to design of tactile sensors made out of synthetic fibrillar structures. A vertical array of synthetic polymer fiber is integrated to piezoelectric film to mimic tactile sensing nature of such animals. The contribution of the pillars to the output voltage, the dimensional parameters and surface adaptation capability are examined for a satisfactory design that can meet the spatial resolution of the human hand.

There have been many attempts for quantitative assessment of constructional differences of woven fabrics in view of perceived touch. This research focuses on quantifying the tactile perception of minor changes in constructional parameters (yarn density, yarn fineness and pattern) of fabrics by rubbing with an artificial finger tip at achievable preload and velocity. Experiments show the viability of sensing constructional differences and confirm the significance of scanning direction in asymmetrical patterns. Friction coefficients primarily rely on the number of intersection points and total area of flow yarns taking place in a unit pattern area in the direction of scanning.

Background: Radiation absorbed dose to the red bone marrow, a critical organ in the therapy of thyroid carcinoma, is generally kept below 2 Gy for non-myeloablative therapies. The aim of this study was to calculate bone marrow radiation dose by using MIRDOSE3 package program and to optimize the safe limit of acivity to be administered to the thyroid cancer paients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 83 thyroid cancer patients were divided into 3 groups based on the amount of acivity administered into the body. In the groups, 3700 MBq, 5550 MBq and 7400 MBq activities were used respecively. The curves of ime-acivity were drawn from blood samples counts and effective half-life and residence time were calculated. Correlations of bone marrow radiation dose and radioiodine effective half-life were determined as a function of administered activity via ANOVA test. Tg levels and tumour diameters were compared using Spearman's correlation. Results: The effective half-lives of 131I for three groups of whole-body, receiving 3700 MBq, 5550 MBq and 7400 MBq were calculated as 20.57±5.4, 17.8±5.8 and 18.7±3.9 hours, respectively. The average bone marrow doses for 3 groups of patients were 0.32±0.08 Gy, 0.42±0.14 Gy and 0.60±0.24 Gy, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that, the bone marrow dose to the patients still remains within the recommended level even after administering an activity of 7400 MBq of 131I to the patients.

The frictional dynamics of a single elastomeric pillar is studied analytically and experimentally in meso-scale. An energy equilibrium of a single pillar is established to analyze the static and kinetic friction regimes. The kinematics of the system as well as the components of the total energy of the system is identified. In the experimental section, frictional dynamics of the system is analyzed using the friction loops. The experimental results are compared with the analytical ones in terms of the mean value of the sliding friction force for different diameter and height values of the pillars. It is shown that the analytical and experimental friction force values agreement is up to 10% at high preload values. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

One of the key roles of the present era in the management of an organization is intelligence. This influences the management of employees as well as applicability of human capital within the organization at a particular time. The significance of intelligence to both employees and organizations for the smooth operation of the organization cannot be overemphasized. It not only depicts the theoretical bases of intelligence in organizations but it also outlines the practical reflections at workplace. The purpose of this study is to develop a new scale that can be adopted in the evaluation of organizational intelligence based on management and competence in decision-making within firms in as far as trade, industry, finance and services tailored to transformation of companies operating in the business sector is concerned. Equally, a new methodology for testing the consistency of financial data of the companies in relation to this scale will also be introduced.

WOS: 000350022000007, PubMed ID: 25250785, …

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate, using PET/computed tomography (CT), changes in liver metabolic activity in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Patients and methods A total of 29 biopsy-proven LARC patients between 2009 and 2012 were studied. Liver standardized uptake values (SUVs) and SUVs adjusted for lean body mass (SULs) were obtained from PET/CT images obtained at 1 h (early) and 2 h (late) after 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) administration both before and after neoadjuvant CRT. Age, sex, BMI, lean body mass, blood glucose level, and 18F-FDG dose, which can influence liver SUVs and SULs, were also analyzed. Results Fourteen (48%) men and 15 (52%) women with a mean age of 62±11 years (range 34-80 years) were included in the study. The mean SUVs and SULs were significantly decreased in the late scans. Sex was significantly correlated with the mean liver SUV in early and late scans. The mean SUV differed significantly between male and female patients in early and late images (P

AimWe aimed to investigate the value of PET-CT in therapy response and the correlation of quantitative PET parameters with histopathologic results in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) before and after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. We also analyzed the correlation of PET-CT parameters between Ki-67 and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1).Patients and methodsA total of 29 patients diagnosed with LARC who had undergone a biopsy between 2009 and 2012 were included in our study. Quantitative PET parameters [standardized uptake value (SUV)(max-mean), lean body mass SUVmax-mean, tumor/liver SUV, retention index , and SUVmax] were measured before and after therapy using PET-CT. Tumor regression grade (TRG) was evaluated according to Wheeler's classification. Patients in grade 1 were considered responders, whereas patients at grades 2 and 3 were considered nonresponders. Immunohistochemical staining with Ki-67 and GLUT1 was performed on biopsy and surgical specimens. The correlation between staining ratios and SUV was also investigated.ResultsSUV parameters were significantly decreased after therapy (P

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is an uncommon cardiac disorder having an aberrant pathway between atria and ventricles. The major goals of analgesia and sedation are to provide pain control and anxiolysis and to facilitate therapeutic and diagnostic interventions. One major problem associated with the anesthetic management of patients with WPW syndrome is the risk of tachyarrhythmias as a result of the presence of the accessory pathway. Therefore it has been suggested that the aim of anaesthetic management should be the avoidance of tachyarrhythmia and sympathetic stimulation. We wanted to discuss, sudden cardiac changes which was developed during the sedation of a woman who was classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I according to physical examination and laboratory findings and had no point in her medical history apart from previous 1 regular caesarean section, the interventions and postoperatively diagnosed WPW syndrome. Especially, we wanted to emphasize that unexpected troubles which can cause morbidity and mortality can be experienced perioperatively in patients who are classified as ASA I during the preoperativly

The tactile sensors are primarily used to measure the contact area and normal pressure of contacting two solids. The common deficiencies of the current tactile sensors are flexibility, adaptation to contacting bodies, normal and lateral resolution. In order to overcome these limitations, this work presents the fabrication of polymer meso and micro scale pillar arrays of integrated tactile sensor mimicking the adhesion mechanism found in geckos. The tactile sensor primarily consists of two layers which are a polymer micro -pillar array and a thin supporting backing layer of piezoelectric polymer with patterned electrodes. The sensitivity of the tactile sensor is measured to be 21.1 mV/N according to the best fit line to the experimental data's. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Koc, Murat/0000-0003-4555-2151 WOS: 000361384800015 PubMed: 25547204 Congenital heart diseases are common congenital anomalies with 1% prevalence worldwide and are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Among a wide range of aetiologically heterogeneous conditions, conotruncal anomalies account for approximately one-third of all congenital heart defects. The aetiology of conotruncal heart diseases is complex, with both environmental and genetic causes. Hyperhomocysteinaemia, which is often accompanied by the defects of folic acid metabolism, is known to cause conotruncal heart anomalies. In this study, we have evaluated three polymorphisms in the following two hyperhomocysteinaemia-related genes: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) and nicotinamide N-methyl transferase (NNMT rs694539) in 79 children with conotruncal heart disease and 99 children without conotruncal heart disease. Genotype distribution of the MTHFR A1298C polymorphism showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. In the case group, AC and CC genotypes were higher than the control group (p 0.05). Our results suggest that MTHFR 1298C allele is a risk factor for conotruncal heart disease. Kirikkale University Scientific Research Projects Co-ordination UnitKirikkale University [2009/26] This study was supported through a grant (2009/26) by the Kirikkale University Scientific Research Projects Co-ordination Unit.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a pediatric malignancy associated with remissions and relapses. Common relapsing sitesare meninges, testis and ovary. Testicular scintigraphy is a highly specific modality used mainly in the differential diagnosis of testicular torsion and epidydimitis/epidydimo-orchitis. There is only one interesting image on leukemic infiltration with scrotal scintigraphy in the literature. The aim of this case presentation is to report that although the scintigraphic appearance of testicular torsion was observed in a patient with the diagnosis of ALL, testicular ALL infiltration was revealed in pathologic examination.None declared.Akut lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL), çocukluk çağında görülen, relaps ve remisyonlarla seyreden bir malignitedir. Relapsları sıklıkla meninksler, testis ve overlerde izlenir. Testis sintigrafisi, esas olarak epididimit/epididimoorşit ve testis torsiyonu ayırıcı tanısında kullanılan oldukça spesifik bir yöntemdir. Literatürde skrotal sintigrafide lösemik infiltrasyon ile ilgili sadece bir adet görüntü mevcuttur. Bu olgu sunumunda amacımız, ALL tanısı ile takip edilen hastada sintigrafik olarak testis torsiyonu görünümü olmasına rağmen, patolojik incelemede testiste ALL infiltrasyonu görüldüğünü bildirmektir.

Amaç: Konjenital kalp cerrahisinde tam düzeltme ameliyatları çok düşük doğum ağırlıklı bebeklerde ve yenidoğan döneminde başarı ile yapılabilmektedir. Ancak bazı kompleks kalp anomalilerinde palyatif girişimler sıklıkla halen kullanılmaktadır. Modifiye Blalock- Taussig şant ameliyatı sonuçları greft açıklık oranlarının düşüklüğü nedeniyle düşük doğum ağırlıklı siyanotik bebeklerde daha az kullanılmakta, bunun yerine santral veya klasik Blalock-Taussig şant ameliyatları yapılmaktadır. Kliniğimizde klasik Blalock- Taussig şant ameliyatı yapılan kompleks kardiyak anomalili yenidoğanların cerrahi sonuçları bu çalışmada değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2006 - Aralık 2011 tarihleri arasında pulmoner kan akımı azalmış kompleks kalp hastalığı bulunan ve klinik durumları nedeni ile tam düzeltme ameliyatı mümkün olmayan ve klasik Blalock-Taussig şant ameliyatı uygulanan düşük doğum ağırlıklı yenidoğan hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Klasik Blalock-Taussig şant ameliyatı yapılan 4 kız, 5 erkek, toplam 9 yenidoğan hasta çalışmada değerlendirildi. Olguların yaşları ortalama 13.89±7.89 (3-25) gün, vücut ağırlıkları ortalama 1950±230 (1700-2350) gramdı. Olguların hepsinde ameliyat sol torakotomi ile yapıldı, sol subklavian arter serbestleştirildikten sonra sol pulmoner artere uç yan anastomoze edildi. Erken dönemde bir hastada anuri gelişmesi dışında majör sorun olmadı, anüri ve böbrek yetmezliği gelişen hasta postoperatif 19. günde sepsis ve multiorgan yetmezliği nedeni ile kaybedildi. Sonuç: Düşük doğum ağırlıklı ve palyatif girişim gereken siyanotik bebeklerde hangi tekniğin kullanılması gerektiği halen tartışmalıdır. Santral şantların iyi bir alternatif olduğu düşünülmekle beraber, ana pulmoner arterin çap olarak yetersiz olduğu bu tip hastalarda kardiyopulmoner bypass gereksinimi ameliyat riskini artırmaktadır. Bu tip hastalarda klasik Blalock-Taussig şant ameliyatının halen en iyi yöntemlerden biri olduğu ve düşük komplikasyon riskleriyle yapılabildiği bu çalışmamızda gösterilmiştir., Objective: Corrective surgery for congenital heart defects is performed in the infancy period in recent years. However, palliative surgical approaches are still widely used in some complex cardiac anomalies with hypoplastic pulmonary arteries. A modified technique is used less commonly than central shunts and classical Blalock-Taussig shunts in these patients. We present our results with the classical Blalock-Taussig shunt operation in low birth weight infants with hypoplastic pulmonary arteries in this study.Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated our results with 9 classical Blalock- Taussig shunt patients, operated between January 2006 and December 2011, who were not candidates for corrective surgery because of their clinical status.Results: A total of 9 newborns (4 females, 5 males) were evaluated in this study. The mean age was 13.89±7.89 days. All classical Blalock-Taussig shunt operations were done via left thoracotomy. We observed anuria in one patient and this patient died because of sepsis and multiorgan failure at postoperative day 19.Klasik Blalock-Taussıg Şant: Günümüzde İyi Bir Alternatif mi?139Conclusion: Choosing a palliative method is still a controversial issue in congenital heart surgery in low birth newborns with hypoplastic pulmonary arteries. Although central shunts seems to be a good alternative in these patients, the need for cardiopulmonary by-pass increases its operative risk. We have demonstrated that this method can be used safely with very low complication rates in these patients

Diagnosis of low-grade chondrosarcoma, especially discrimination between enchondroma and low-grade chondrosarcoma, may be difficult pathologically. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of thallium-201 (Tl-201) scintigraphy in the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma and to investigate whether there was a correlation between Tl-201 uptake and tumor grade. We retrospectively evaluated 121 patients with pathologically proven bone and soft tissue tumors diagnosed between the years 1999 and 2007. All patients were followed by the Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Working Group in our hospital. Twenty-three patients, mean age 44 ± 15 (range 17–72) years, with a diagnosis of cartilaginous tumors were included. Increased Tl-201 uptake at the lesion sites greater than background was evaluated as malignant tumor. For the pathologic classification, a grading system (grade 1–3) based on the histopathologic findings was used. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine whether there was any correlation between Tl-201 uptake and tumor grade in chondrosarcoma. There were 7 enchondromas and 16 chondrosarcomas. Four of 16 patients with chondrosarcoma had lesions pathologically classified as grade 3, 5 as grade 2, and 7 had grade 1 chondrosarcoma. Increased Tl-201 uptake was observed in all patients with grade 3 chondrosarcoma and 2 patients with grade 2 chondrosarcoma. Of 10 patients with chondrosarcoma, 3 grade 2 chondrosarcomas and 7 grade 1 chondrosarcomas, there was no Tl-201 uptake in the tumor region. A significant correlation was found between Tl-201 uptake and tumor grade in chondrosarcoma (p = 0.002, r = 0.71). Only a few reports in literature have demonstrated false negative results in low-grade chondrosarcoma. Tl-201 uptake was related to tumor grade in chondrosarcoma. If there is a possibility of chondrosarcoma, Tl-201 scintigraphy should be reported with caution.

Pericardial Effusion in Childhood: Experience from Tertiary Care Center in Ankara. Tamer Yoldas, Ozkan Kaya, Seyma Kayali, Ilker Ertu grul, Vehbi Do gan, Senem Ozgur, Utku Arman Orun, Selmin Karademir, Murat Koc. Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training Hospital; Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity and Children Research and Training

Ahmet Midhat Efendi, one of the most important writers of the Tanzimat period, is support for the growth of women's education and female writers; has supported women writers who produced works during his lifetime. The letters, were posted to Fatma

This paper introduces the characterization study of a new actuator design -"Adhesive Pillar Based Air Levitation" (APAL) system-to manipulate fine objects in a non-destructive manner. A meso-scale polymer adhesive pillar array manages to gently contact the fine surfaces and moreover adapt variable interface geometries. Air flow, which is fed through the nozzles located across the backing layer of the pillars, levitates the target object located on the top of the pillars and ensures its contactless manipulation. Proposed approach is feasible to be used in conveying, positioning and pick/place operations of fragile objects. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.

Epidermoid and dermoid cysts represent less than 0.01% of all oral cavity cysts. The cysts can be defined as epidermoid when the lining presents only epithelium, dermoid cysts when skin adnexa are found, and teratoid cysts when other tissue such as muscle, cartilage, and bone are present. In this article, we present the case of an epidermoid cyst, with an oral as well as a submental component, in an 11 year old boy who presented with complaints of a mass in the oral cavity, difficulty chewing and swallowing of solid foods for about 3 years. He was admitted to the otolaryngology department. On examination, a mass displacing the tongue superiorly and posteriorly was noticed. An MRI scan was done and showed a 40 × 35 mm well-circumscribed non-enhancing cystic mass extending from the sublingual area to the level of the thyroid notch. The content of the cyst was homogenous. On examining the neck, a firm swelling was also noticed in the submental area, extending down to the thyroid notch. Under general anesthesia and with nasotracheal intubation, the patient underwent surgical removal of the mass. Extraorally, a midline submental horizontal incision was performed through the mucosa overlying the swelling and the cyst was dissected from the surrounding tissues and removed. On histological examination, acidophilic stratum corneum and basophilic dot like staining of stratum granulosum, which is the hallmark of an epidermoid cyst, were seen. The patient did well postoperatively, and no recurrence was noticed at the 6-months follow-up.