1. Basic symptoms and gray matter volumes of patients at clinical high risk for psychosis
- Author
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Benno G. Schimmelmann, Daniela Hubl, Jochen Kindler, Martinus Hauf, Frauke Schultze-Lutter, Chantal Michel, and Michael Kaess
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Psychosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Psychosis risk ,Significant group ,Population ,Precuneus ,Early detection ,Ultra high risk ,Audiology ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Parietal Lobe ,First episode psychosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Gray Matter ,Child ,education ,Applied Psychology ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Psychotic Disorders ,Female ,sense organs ,business ,Switzerland ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundClinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis is indicated by ultra-high risk (UHR) and basic symptom (BS) criteria; however, conversion rates are highest when both UHR and BS criteria are fulfilled (UHR&BS). While BSs are considered the most immediate expression of neurobiological aberrations underlying the development of psychosis, research on neurobiological correlates of BS is scarce.MethodsWe investigated gray matter volumes (GMV) of 20 regions of interest (ROI) previously associated with UHR criteria in 90 patients from the Bern early detection service: clinical controls (CC), first-episode psychosis (FEP), UHR, BS and UHR&BS. We expected lowest GMV in FEP and UHR&BS, and highest volume in CC with UHR and BS in-between.ResultsSignificantly, lower GMV was detected in FEP and UHR&BS patients relative to CC with no other significant between-group differences. When ROIs were analyzed separately, seven showed a significant group effect (FDR corrected), with five (inferior parietal, medial orbitofrontal, lateral occipital, middle temporal, precuneus) showing significantly lower GM volume in the FEP and/or UHR&BS groups than in the CC group (Bonferroni corrected). In the CHR group, only COGDIS scores correlated negatively with cortical volumes.ConclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate that patients who fulfill both UHR and BS criteria – a population that has been associated with higher conversion rates – exhibit more severe GMV reductions relative to those who satisfy BS or UHR criteria alone. This result was mediated by the BS in the UHR&BS group, as only the severity of BS was linked to GMV reductions.
- Published
- 2020