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Background: Simulations are becoming widely used in medical education, but there is little evidence of their effectiveness on neurocritical care. Because acute stroke is a neurological emergency demanding prompt attention, it is a promising candidate for simulation training. Objective: To assess the impact of a stroke realistic simulation course on clinicians’ self-perception of confidence in the management of acute stroke. Methods: We conducted a controlled, before-after study. For our intervention, 17 healthcare professionals participated in a stroke realistic simulation course. As controls, participants were chosen from a convenience sample of attendees to the courses Emergency Neurologic Life Support (ENLS) (18 participants) and Neurosonology (20 participants). All participants responded pre- and post-test questionnaires evaluating their self-perception of confidence in acute stroke care, ranging from 10 to 50 points. We evaluated the variation between pre- and post-test results to assess the change on trainees’ self-perception of confidence in the management of acute stroke. Multivariate analysis was performed to control for potential confounders. Results: Forty-six (83.63%) subjects completed both questionnaires. The post-test scores were higher than those from the pretests in the stroke realistic simulation course group [pretest median (interquartile range - IQR): 41.5 (36.7-46.5) and post-test median (IQR): 47 (44.7-48); p=0.033], but not in the neurosonology [pretest median (IQR): 46 (44-47) and post-test median (IQR): 46 (44-47); p=0.739] or the ENLS [pretest median (IQR): 46.5 (39-48.2), post-test median (IQR): 47 (40.2-49); p=0.317] groups. Results were maintained after adjustment for covariates. Conclusions: This stroke realistic simulation course was associated with an improvement on trainees’ self-perception of confidence in providing acute stroke care. RESUMO Introdução: Simulações são amplamente utilizadas na educação médica, mas há pouca evidência de sua eficácia no tratamento de pacientes neurocríticos. Como o acidente vascular cerebral agudo (AVC) é uma patologia que requer atendimento imediato, o uso de simulação pode ser uma ferramenta útil no treinamento do manejo desses pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do uso de simulação realística na autopercepção de segurança no atendimento a pacientes vítimas de AVC agudo. Métodos: Estudo antes-depois controlado. No grupo da intervenção, 17 profissionais da área de saúde participaram de um curso de simulação realística de atendimento a pacientes com AVC. Como controles, os participantes foram escolhidos a partir de uma amostra de conveniência composta por 18 participantes do curso Emergency Neurologic Life Support (ENLS) e 20 participantes de um curso de Neurossonologia. Foram respondidos questionários antes e após o curso para avaliar a autopercepção de segurança no atendimento a pacientes vítimas de AVC agudo, variando de 10 a 50 pontos. Foi avaliada a variação entre os resultados pré- e pós-teste, para avaliar a mudança na autopercepção de confiança do trainee no manejo do AVC agudo. Análise multivariada foi realizada para controlar possíveis fatores de confusão. Resultados: Quarenta e seis (83,63%) participantes responderam aos questionários. A pontuação no questionário pós-curso foi maior do que a obtida no questionário pré-curso no grupo de participantes do curso de simulação realística em AVC [mediana do questionário pré-curso: 41,5 (36,7-46,5) e mediana do questionário pós-curso: 47,0 (44,7-48,0); p=0,033]. Essa diferença não foi observada no curso de Neurossonologia [mediana pré-curso (IQR): 46,0 (44,0-47,00), mediana pós-curso (IQR): 46,0 (44,0-47,0); p=0,739] nem no ENLS [mediana pré-curso (IQR): 46,5 (39,0-48,2) mediana pós-curso (IQR): 47,0 (40,2-49,0); p=0,317]. Esses resultados persistiram após ajuste das variáveis. Conclusão: O curso de simulação realística em AVC foi associado a um aumento na autopercepção de segurança dos participantes em atender pacientes vítimas de AVC agudo.

The development of easily observable measures of restoration success is essential for monitoring of the ambitious proposed global restoration targets (e.g. The Bonn Challenge; New York Declaration on Forests). Systematic reviews with meta-analyses are a good way to evaluate the performance of different organisms in the monitoring of ecological restoration. Among the arthropods, ants have a long history in environmental monitoring. We compiled a data set and performed a global meta-analysis encompassing studies conducted in different ecosystems around the world to investigate whether richness and composition of species or functional groups (FG) of ant communities can be predicted during the restoration process. Moreover, we aimed to understand the influence of restoration technique (natural regeneration or active restoration), ecosystem type (temperate or tropical), and past land use (mining or pasture) on ant communities in areas undergoing restoration processes. Notwithstanding the varied conditions in which the studies were carried out, our meta-analysis showed that reestablishment of ant FG takes place more quickly than species richness. The recovery of ant diversity is faster in tropical ecosystems and areas under natural regeneration can have higher ant diversity than the reference areas. In temperate ecosystems, mined areas under restoration are less likely to recover the number of species than FG richness. Both species and FG composition were less predictable in our meta-analysis. As the publication of new datasets is increasing, we hope that future meta-analyses can build on the present study to further describe and understand the patterns in ant communities to be used as indicators of ecosystem restoration.

Ants, an ecologically successful and numerically dominant group of animals, play key ecological roles as soil engineers, predators, nutrient recyclers, and regulators of plant growth and reproduction in most terrestrial ecosystems. Further, ants are widely used as bioindicators of the ecological impact of land use. We gathered information of ant species in the Atlantic Forest of South America. The ATLANTIC ANTS data set-which is part of the ATLANTIC SERIES data papers-is a compilation of ant records from collections (18,713 records), unpublished data (29,651 records), and published sources (106,910 records; 1059 references), including papers, theses, dissertations, and book chapters published from 1886 to 2020. In total, the data set contains 153,818 ant records from 7,636 study locations in the Atlantic Forest, representing 10 subfamilies, 99 genera, 1,114 ant species identified with updated taxonomic certainty, and 2,235 morphospecies codes. Our data set reflects the heterogeneity in ant records, which include ants sampled at the beginning of the taxonomic history of myrmecology (the nineteenth and twentieth centuries) and more recent ant surveys designed to address specific questions in ecology and biology. The data set can be used by researchers to develop strategies to deal with different macroecological and regional-wide questions, focusing on assemblages, species occurrences and distribution patterns. Furthermore, the data can be used to assess the consequences of changes in land use in the Atlantic Forest on different ecological processes. No copyright restrictions apply to the use of this data set, but we request that authors cite this data paper when using these data in publications or teaching events.

The use of feed additives as probiotics in aquaculture is increasing, but it is still poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of two probiotics (Bacillus subtilis 10 9 UFC/g and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 10 9 UFC/g) on growth parameters, body composition, and hematological responses of tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomum) by considering time a key factor for the probiotics-pathogens interaction. The first phase studied 108 animals (2.13 ± 0.75 g) randomly distributed into 12 tanks. Weight, consumption, feed conversion, weight gain, survival, and body composition were evaluated after 90 days. The second phase studied 60 animals (175.01 ± 36.73 g) fed with the same experimental diets. After 60 days, fish were induced with bacteria Streptococcus agalactiae strains (1.0 × 10−5 UFC) and subjected to blood collection (0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h). In short, no differences were observed for performance and body composition. Mortality was not observed for phase 1 and 2, and it is expected due to purposeful protocol of moderate infection. However, improvements of hematological parameters (red and white series) were noted in the tambaqui supplemented with commercial S. cerevisiae when considering exposure time.

Executive remuneration has gained importance both in the academic and corporate fields, especially with the outcome of the scandals involving executives from large North-American corporations in the 2000’s. In the international literature, there are many studies about executive remuneration and how it relates to agency theory and corporate governance. However, there are a few studies about executive remuneration in the Brazilian market, and most of them are qualitative. One of the great problems of research in this area is the difficulty in obtaining data about executive remuneration in Brazil. These data, when available, are very aggregated and not very clear. The objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants of executive remuneration in Brazil, and the relation between executive remuneration and corporate governance. This research is original in Brazil, bringing a great contribution to the literature of corporate governance. Our results indicate that companies with bad governance tend to pay greater remuneration to their executives. Moreover, companies paying greater remuneration perform worse in the future. In other words, paying more to executives does not result in better profitability in the future

A relação entre disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM) e os diferentes tipos de cefaléias ainda não está bem compreendida, mas a dor de cabeça é provavelmente o sintoma mais comum da DTM. O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar cefaléia com o índice clínico de Fonseca de avaliação da DTM. Participaram 160 voluntários estudantes da Universidade Nove de Julho na faixa dos 18 aos 36 anos, sendo 80 mulheres e 80 homens. Foram aplicados dois questionários: o índice clínico de Fonseca e um questionário sobre cefaléia. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente e o nível de significância fixado em p