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The demand for distributed manufacturing systems (DMS) in the manufacturing sector has notably gained vast popularity as a suitable choice to accomplish sustainability benefits. Manufacturing companies are bound to face critical barriers in their pursuit of sustainability goals. However, the extent to which the DMS attributes relate to sustainable performance and impact on critical barriers to sustainability is considerably unknown. To help close this gap, this study proposes a methodology to determine the relative importance of sustainability barriers, the influence of DMS on these barriers, and the relationship between DMS attributes and sustainable performance. Drawing upon a rich data pool from the Chinese manufacturing industry, the Best-Worst Method (BWM) is used to investigate the relative importance of the sustainability barriers and determine how the DMS attributes influence these barriers and relate to sustainability. The study findings show that ‘organizational barriers’ are the most severe barriers and indicate that ‘reduced carbon emissions’ has the highest impact on ‘organizational’ and ‘socio-cultural barriers’ whereas ‘public approval’ has the highest impact on ‘organizational barriers. The results infer that ‘reduction of carbon emission’ is the DMS strategy strongly linked to improved sustainable performance. Hence, the results can offer in-depth insight to decision-makers, practitioners, and regulatory bodies on the criticality of the barriers and the influence of DMS attributes on the sustainability barriers and improve sustainable performance for increased global competitiveness. Moreover, our study offers a solid foundation for further studies on the link between DMS and sustainable performance.

Existing research has produced mixed, inconclusive, and even conflicting findings on the impact of open innovation (OI) on innovation output. This article takes a meta-analysis approach, systematically reviews the existent literature to identify the main contextual factors, and statistically tests the significance of these factors in influencing the effect of OI on innovation output. Based on the data of 139 studies published by 2020, this article demonstrates that 1) OI has a stronger effect on innovation output in coupled OI (a combination of inbound and outbound OI) than the inbound or outbound OI alone; 2) OI has a stronger effect on innovation output in developing than developed countries; 3) OI has a stronger effect on innovation output at subfirm than firm level; and 4) OI has a stronger effect on innovation output in service than manufacturing industries. The findings have important implications for managers, researchers, and policy-makers.

Motivated by the practices of production sourcing in the apparel manufacturing industry, this article investigates an apparel manufacturing supply chain wherein an original brand manufacturer (OBM) may either outsource production to a competitive manufacturer (CM) or a non-CM (NCM) or set up factories to produce in-house, namely, Strategy C, Strategy NC, and Strategy N, respectively. If the OBM outsources production to the CM, technology spillover happens, and the CM is able to manufacture products with the same consumers’ preference level as the OBM does. We find that the OBM prefers Strategy N regardless of the manufacturing level and consumers’ product preference level when the investment cost is low. However, the OBM prefers Strategy C or NC when the investment cost is high. Specifically, when the manufacturing level is high, or the manufacturing level is medium, and the consumers’ product preference level is high, the OBM prefers Strategy NC; otherwise, the OBM prefers Strategy C. Furthermore, we demonstrate that employing the dual-sourcing strategy wherein the OBM outsources production to both CM and NCM simultaneously does not necessarily help OBM effectively mitigate the negative impact of technology spillover and delivery uncertainty, which depends on specific conditions.

Motivated by the practices of technology investment in the new energy vehicle manufacturing industry, this article investigates an outsourcing supply chain in which an original brand manufacturer (OBM) possessing the core new energy technology R&D outsources production to a competitive manufacturer (CM). To cater to market demands and increase market competitiveness, the CM may actively invest in technology with the OBM or by himself, or not, i.e., Strategies JI, OI, and NI, respectively. In particular, owing to technology spillover effect, the CM could use the technology inferior to the OBM's to produce his own-branded products in Strategy NI. Our results reveal that the OBM consistently profits the most in Strategy JI. However, the CM's preference strategy is influenced by the competition intensity, technology spillover level, consumers’ product preference, and cost-sharing ratio. In specific, when both the competition intensity and technology spillover are weak or the competition intensity is strong for arbitrary technology spillover level, the CM may prefer Strategy JI or OI depending on consumers’ product preference and cost-sharing ratio and never prefers Strategy NI. However, when the competition intensity is weak but the technology spillover level is strong, the CM may prefer Strategy NI in certain situations. Furthermore, our study extends the model to involve variable production costs, and reveals that the main results derived in the basic model still hold.

In industry 4.0 and digital transformation scenarios, manufacturing companies face the challenges of the exponential growth in the volume of data. A considerable part of the data that enterprises generate in large quantities, at a high speed, and in different forms can be defined as dark data. Companies are not able to extract their potential value for data management, storage, and maintenance issues, and, due to their unstructured form, they become unknown together with their informative value. Some researchers and professionals have addressed the issue of dark data but none of them have focused on the specificity of the manufacturing industry or on the data generated in it. Based on a lack in the literature, in this article, we explore the dark data through a systematic literature review and three focus groups with manufacturing companies. This article fills the gap and provides a valuable support for manufacturing companies to be aware of the presence of dark data in their scenarios, to identify them, and to stimulate initiatives for dark data exploitation. Furthermore, the study provides for the academic audience a reference paper for addressing future exploration in the field of data management in the companies for improving their innovative and operative capabilities.

According to previous studies, the workforce competencies of engineers in manufacturing industries generally comprise technical, generic, and knowledge competencies. However, these categories of workforce competencies are insufficient for firms whose manufacturing processes are very easily interrupted by anomalies and whose core competency is highly related to production yield. In addition to drawing attention to the importance of identifying engineers’ problem-solving competencies, this article proposes a procedure to identify and rate workforce competencies for firms in the manufacturing industry. An IC packaging process engineer was used as an example to illustrate the proposed competency identification and rating procedure. In contrast to previous studies, this article suggests that problem-solving competencies can be identified from engineers’ responses to the anomalies commonly encountered in each step of the manufacturing process and that operational competency can be identified from the knowledge, techniques, or capabilities required to fulfill a task in each step of the manufacturing process. For the IC packaging and testing industry, this article can help human resources not only evaluate the competency of job candidates but also design training courses according to the job tenure of engineers. Furthermore, this article results can be used to design teaching material for apprenticeship to help engineers develop competencies in a structured manner and enhance their sensitivities to production-line problems.

Lean six sigma (LSS) is a well-structured process improvement methodology aimed at removing wastes and defects to increase the operational efficiency of a process. In this article, the authors were tasked to identify the root causes of the reworks and rejections occurring in the polycrystalline diamond (PCD) reamer line of a tool manufacturing industry and provide solutions and implement methods to overcome the rejections. Therefore, the author constructed a hybrid approach comprising the select, define, measure, map, analyse, improve, control, sustain (SDMMAICS) model to enhance the define, measure, analyse, improve, control (DMAIC) approach. Further, decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) was incorporated in the improve phase of the LSS model to ensure effective decision making. The model is backed by a KAIZEN framework to ensure the sustenance of the improvements implemented. This hybrid LSS framework was successfully applied and resulted in an increased sigma level from 3.3 to 4.3, improving the cycle time of PCD reamer production by 12%. The hybrid SDMMAICS-DEMATEL approach used is easy to follow and can be adopted in any LSS project. Moreover, the relevance of the model in a part manufacturing setup has been effectively tested and will serve as a reference for researchers in process improvement studies.

Presently, research and development (R&D) and innovation have been discussed in diverse ways. However, the nexus of subsidy was relatively unexplored in emerging economies. Furthermore, the effects of age are observed to be inconclusive. Considering 1272 selected Chinese manufacturing firms over the period 2007–2017, we employ fixed effect models to examine the effects of Subsidy on R&D and innovation and whether age was a moderating factor. Consistent with the sandwich theoretical proposition, this article found that there exists a significantly transitive relationship between government subsidy, R&D, and innovation. Whereas young firms perform better in the short-term, state-owned firms outweigh the private ones in performance. Subsequently, age alternatively moderates the R&D and innovation relationship from the perspective of subsidy. Though subsidy is a short-term determinant of R&D, it has a long-term relationship with innovation. In contrast, R&D and innovation have short-term effects based on lag computations. Overall, our findings suggest that government subsidy plays a crucial role in R&D and innovation for emerging markets. We discuss our results within the theoretical frameworks of sandwich, the economics of subsidy, and behavioral theory of R&D.

This article analyzes the effects of three channels of technology transfer—global value chain participation (GVCP), foreign technology import (FTI), and domestic technology purchase (DTP)—on innovation efficiency by using 11 years of data from Chinese manufacturing industries. Empirical results show FTI and GVCP significantly facilitate innovation efficiency, whereas DTP decreases it. Further, absorptive capacity (AC) positively moderates the relationship between FTI and innovation efficiency. Moreover, in the high-tech industry, we find that GVCP positively affects innovation efficiency, and AC positively moderates the effect of GVCP on innovation efficiency. This finding is informative from a strategic perspective as firms can make strategic decisions in the selection of technology transfer channels. In addition, firms may also absorb and apply external technologies while developing AC to improve enterprises' ability according to their own organizational and strategic contexts in order to achieve and maintain competitive advantages. This finding provides convincing empirical evidence on the relationship between technology transfer channels and innovation efficiency and valuable lessons to other developing countries for the selection of technology transfer channels.

Industry 4.0 (I4) technologies are gaining increased importance in the manufacturing industry, as they can provide several benefits such as an increase in efficiency, lower costs, higher revenues, etc. This article empirically examines the critical success factors (CSF) for implementing I4 technologies in Indian automotive manufacturing industry. In this regard, CSF and performance outcomes of I4 technologies are identified from published literature. The relationships between CSF and performance outcomes are then examined by regression analysis. The results indicate that “Data governance” is the most critical factor, as it affects all the four performance outcomes (operational, product, economic, and responsiveness). Similarly, “Legal aspects” affects three out of the four performance outcomes (operational, product, and economic performance), while “Collaboration and teamwork” affects only operational performance and responsiveness. The study provides an understanding of factors which are critical in achieving performance outcomes about I4 technologies in the automotive manufacturing industry. The findings can also help automotive manufacturing firms toward an informed decision making in terms of various strategies required to adopt I4 technologies successfully.

The manufacturing industry plays a big role for pollution. To reduce impact of envoirmental pollution we have to concentrate on manufacturing sector. For the better manufacturing process which including controlling environmental pollution. This is motive of green manufacturing. Environmental pollution is happens due to friction between material and tool as well as cutting fluid. Considering cutting fluid as prime parameter in manufacturing. Most of the industries are taking care regarding selection of cutting fluid which enhances the property of cutting and reduces the environmental pollution. Temperature is main parameter while cutting as increases in temperature it will effects on surface roughness and accuracy of output with addition of tool failure. To reduce the effect of tool failure there is need of cooling system is needed. By comparing mineral oil with vegetable oil with respect to pollution giving better result. Various vegetable oils are used coconut oil, canola oil, sesame oil and palm oil in machining. Wettability and thermal conductivity will improve by addition of nanomaterials like MoS2, ZrO2, Al2O3, ZnO, TiO2, TiC-CO, Y-Zr2O3 etc. in green cutting fluids. More research work is needed to analyze effects of nanomaterials concentration in vegetable oils for better green cutting fluid development

PT. XYZ is a manufacturing company that produces nata de coco pieces. Consumers of the product nata de coco pieces of food businesses such as food PT.Garuda Sidoarjo, PT. Holy Sinar Mas, PT. Borobudur Semarang and others. PT. XYZ has two types of contract supplier and the supplier is not a contract. Currently, the company in the selection of suppliers do not contract into supplier contracts sometimes have trouble. Terebut difficulties occurred because of the detailed criteria that can be used for the selection of suppliers. So in this study will berusahaan find criteria that influence supplier selection. The data in this study using the method Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In addition, models that have been made will be implemented into a Decision Support System (DSS). The criteria that can mempengeruhi supplier selection is the sum total, the number of total quality one, a total of two quality, the total number of nata broken, the number of deliveries the maximum, the maximum number of quality one, the maximum number of two qualities, the maximum amount is broken, the number of deliveries at a minimum, the number of minimum quality one, the minimum number two quality, the minimum amount is broken, regularity, quality price and the price of the quality of the two. In addition, based on test results Decision Support System (DSS), which has made the conclusion that the system that has been created can be used later by PT. XYZ.

Building on an in-depth study of a manufacturing company’s shift from a product to a product-service business model, we explore how single-focus companies transition to a dual orientation. Although companies generally use highly sophisticated practices to manage a dual orientation, those that transition to one successfully start with less sophisticated practices. Early on, the use of simple tradeoff practices, which maintain the product and service logics, helps single-focus companies explore the emergent tensions that their transition to a dual orientation causes. Conversely, adopting more sophisticated practices at this early stage overwhelms them. At a later stage, these companies’ growing understanding of the tensions allows them to experiment with more comprehensive paradox practices that transcend the product and service logics. Conversely, maintaining simple practices at this stage prevents them from gaining the solution experience required to complete the transition. The evolutionary process culminates in sophisticated routinized practices that institutionalize recurrent tensions’ solution, while allowing for further experimentation to deal with new tensions. The different practices’ appropriate sequence and pacing during the evolutionary process facilitate companies’ transition to a dual orientation.

Within the context of a theoretical model where an increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms is interpreted as increase in foreign direct investment (FDI), this paper shows that, through its impact on firm capability and revenue, FDI can affect the quality of goods produced by domestic firms in host economies. We show that, in the presence of positive productivity spillovers, an increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms lowers the cut-off capability of domestic firms, which allows some relatively inefficient domestic firms to enter the industry thereby contributing to a decrease in product quality. An increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms affects firm revenue through two channels. On the one hand, an increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms enhances productivity, which contributes to an increase in firm revenue. On the other hand, entry of new domestic firms also increases the level of competition within the industry, which puts a downward pressure on firm revenue. We conclude that, in the presence of positive productivity spillovers, an increase in FDI decreases the quality of goods produced by domestic firms in host economies only if its impact on firm revenue is sufficiently small (or negative). Using data from China’s beverage manufacturing industry, employing the nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression technique on firm level data and without explicitly measuring quality, we estimate the impact of an increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms on the product quality of domestic firms. Our empirical analysis suggests that a 1% increase in the proportion of foreign-invested firms decreases the product quality of domestic firms by more than 0.6259%.

The manufacturing industry is showing very promising developments, especially in the aspect of manufacturing value added in the consumer goods sector. Because the products are needed by the wider community. This study aims to analyze how the influence of leverage and profitability on company value, the Food and Beverages Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research method used is descriptive method and verification method. The sampling technique was carried out using the purposive sampling method, and a sample of 14 Sector Food and Beverages Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, in 2015 - 2019. Data analysis used in this study was multiple regression analysis. Statistical test results show that the leverage variable has a relationship with firm value, with a moderate level, while the profitability variable has a very strong relationship with company value. From the results of the research, solvency and profitability have a significant positive effect on firm value. This means that the higher the leverage and profitability, the higher the value of the company. Leverage variables and profitability variables have a significant positive effect on the value of the company, meaning that together the higher the leverage and profitability the higher the value of the company.

With the widespread application of intelligent systems in major industries, the traditional equipment manufacturing industry has gradually shifted to advanced equipment manufacturing. The innovation network of an industry directly affects the innovation capability of the industry, so the research of innovation network has always been the focus of attention. However, there are few researches on the innovation network of advanced equipment manufacturing industry, so this article has launched an in-depth study on it. First, it analyzes the basic geometric characteristics of the innovation network. Then, based on the small-world network model, an evolution model of the advanced equipment manufacturing innovation network was created, and simulation experiments were performed on the evolution model. The experimental results show that the clustering coefficient and the average distance showed different changes in different stages, but in the end they all gradually stabilized. The clustering coefficient was 0.484, the average distance was 1.854, and the degree of small cosmos was 0.497. This shows that the innovation network evolution model established in this study can reveal the evolution process of the innovation network of advanced equipment manufacturing through simulation experiments.

Digitalization is transforming the industrial landscape. Smarter products, data-based services, and new business models promise to reshape the whole manufacturing industry. However, below the visible excitement, unexpected tensions and challenges make the digital transformation an excruciating journey for industrial companies. In this article, we decipher the digital transformation strategy choices of leading industrial firms in a highly innovative country. Using their insights, we identify four dominant tensions that managers need to sort out. We provide guiding principles to select a digital transformation strategy that has the adequate configuration to overcome each of the identified tensions.

Did the rise of Chinese import competition in the early 2000s affect banks’ credit supply policies? Using bank-firm-level data on the universe of Spanish corporate loans, we find that banks rebalanced their loan portfolios away from firms facing Chinese import competition and towards profitable firms in non-exposed sectors. Banks supplied more credit also to the construction sector, yet independently of firms’ profitability. This is not due to banks’ exposure to the housing boom. Rather, the high geographical concentration of the manufacturing industries competing with China left local banks with fewer alternatives to local construction firms for rebalancing their loan portfolios. The portfolio rebalancing had large real effects: it depressed further the economic activity of firms competing with Chinese imports, and contributed to the construction sector boom of the early 2000s.

Using firm- and industry-level panel data, this study investigates the impact of the Ghana-China trade on labour productivity of Ghanaian manufacturing firms and compares it to the impact induced by the trade of Ghana with the OECD. The main findings suggest that the productivity effect in Ghanaian manufacturing firms triggered by engaging in international trade activities is contingent upon the industrial competitive advantage and the trading partners. The empirical results show that trading with China creates greater potentials for Ghanaian manufacturing firms to raise productivity in comparison to trading with OECD countries. Higher intensities of imports from China stimulate productivity gains while more exports to China only enhance productivity in industries in which Ghana has a comparative advantage.

Firm value is the company's performance which is reflected by the stock price which is formed by the demand and supply of the capital market which reflects the public's assessment of the company's performance. Several factors that can affect firm value include good corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, and sustainability reports. This study aims to analyze the influence of Good Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Sustainability Report on Firm Value on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research population is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample in the study of 46 companies was determined based on the purposive sampling method. The results showed that good corporate governance, corporate social responsibility had no effect on firm value while the sustainability report had no effect on firm value. The limitations and suggestions in this study are that this study uses a manufacturing company with an observation period of three years. Further researchers are expected to increase the observation period and increase the number of samples to expand the research results. For further research it is expected to develop and multiply the variations of the independent variables used such as environmental performance, company size

The aim of study is to prioritize resilient capabilities required for an Industry 4.0 manufacturing business. These capabilities are prioritized considering the barriers faced by their supply chains in becoming resilient. After the review of literature and discussion with experts from the case company and other supply chain professionals, the barriers and resilient capabilities were shortlisted. The study utilized a hybrid of AHP-fuzzy TOPSIS technique to provide weights to the criteria variables (here barriers) and rank the alternatives (here resilient capabilities). Five criteria of barriers were identified for the purpose of the study, namely, strategic barriers, technological barriers, cultural barriers, individual barriers, and organizational barriers. Twenty-three subcriteria were identified for these barriers. Six capabilities were decided upon to be prioritized out of which planning capabilities were obtained to be the most important followed by collaborative, agile, supply chain design modification capability, interoperability, and supply flexibility. The study attempts to fill the gap identified in the literature regarding the lack of studies on supply chain resilience barriers. It therefore provides a realistic framework to prioritize the resilience capabilities required for mitigating such barriers.

Organizational and target contexts are antecedents of deliberate learning from mergers and acquisitions. We consider strategic orientations (market vs. entrepreneurial orientation) of firms as important organizational contexts driving knowledge codification behavior. Further, we argue that the similarity of target context (“in the market” vs. “out of the market”) is an important contingency factor in this relationship. The hypotheses of this study are tested using survey data from 115 acquirers in manufacturing industries from Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. The results provide insights into organizational learning mechanisms from previous acquisition activities. Entrepreneurial and market-oriented firms differ concerning their codification behavior. Market-oriented firms generally engage more in knowledge codification. Further, although market-oriented acquirers focus on knowledge codification from similar contexts (“in the market” targets), entrepreneurial-oriented acquirers focus on knowledge codification from heterogeneous contexts (“out of the market” targets). The results are discussed in-depth and theoretical and managerial implications are derived.

Every manufacturing industry are much concerned with their maintenance strategies adopted on the shop-floor to avoid breakdowns. As breakdowns directly leads to lowering the capacity utilization thus results in poor productivity. Recently, Total Productive Maintenance has emerged as one of the robust maintenance strategies and many big industries has adopted it in their work culture. Still, Indian manufacturing sector is not much familiar with the sustainable benefits of TPM and also hesitant to deploy TPM across their unit. In past, many manufacturing units has tried TPM but they are failing due to lack of knowledge base available on the barriers related to its successful implementation. The main goal of this study is to find key barriers related to TPM implementation across Indian manufacturing. A vast literature has been explored and potential barriers have been extracted that hinders the TPM performance in Indian context. Further, importance index has been compute based on expert opinion to find out most significant barriers of TPM implementation. Present results will provide the manufacturing managers the prominent barriers that can be tackled at early stage and will lead to successful execution of TPM across the unit.

Growing population and depleting resources are forcing the manufacturers to become more competent and sustainable. Customers are becoming more and more informed about the product they consume, and therefore, manufacturers need to be flexible and open to new changes taking place. Big Data Analytics (BDA) is one such technology that has transformed the manufacturing sector. Organizations have now become more flexible with regards to their processes and, at the same time, have also improved their product quality. Here in this paper, we have analyzed various advantages of Big Data that manufacturing organizations can exploit for their betterment. We have also discussed examples of certain leading manufacturers and how they can lead to big data-enabled manufacturing. Lastly, we discuss certain shortcomings that need to be addressed to make big data analytics viable for organizations of all sorts and not just for top manufacturers.

Recently, Circular Economy (CE) is implemented by the manufacturing industries since it helps the management to reduce waste and increase productivity. Industries are adopting CE because it helps them gain economic, environmental, and social benefits. This study is primarily aimed at the identification and ranking of the drivers and barriers for the implementation of CE in the automobile industry. For this, an integrated approach of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is utilized. The results of this study indicate that the share/ benefit and reduction of cost are the most critical drivers while unaware/limited knowledge and cost and financial constraint are the major barriers for the implementation of CE in the automobile industry. This integrated approach will help the decision makers and policy makers to take immediate and effective actions, and focus on the productivity of the company.

The aim of this paper is to identify the various types of barriers that an automotive component manufacturing company faces when attempting to introduce Lean Six Sigma techniques. Initially, 31 Lean Six Sigma Barrier (LSSB) were selected through an exhaustive literature review which was conducted using questionnaire survey. In the questionnaire survey, the manager’s opinions were collected with the help of online emails. The collected responses were analysed through statistical tools like Importance-indexed and CIMTC. The internal consistency of the collected responses was 0.971 which is good and the outcomes of an importance index and a CIMTC analysis indicates that most of the Indian manufacturing firms were facing the challenges from LSSB-4 and LSSB-3. The identified LSSB exhibits that it is difficult to implement LSS techniques in Auto component manufacturing industries. As said above authors have researched on barriers faced by automobile industries to manufacture a unit and also going on with LSS. But, literature limited to explore the studies on parts manufacturing industries which are responsible for many unique parts of automotive units.

This paper analyses the link between the tangible investment rate and apparent labour productivity in the European manufacturing industry. The research results show a negative and opposite relation between apparent labour productivity and investment rate, that is, changes in apparent labour productivity cause changes in investment in tangible assets but not vice versa. The findings do not show any significant differences among European countries when the relation between apparent labour productivity and investment rate is analysed. However, when analysing the gross investment in tangible goods, as well as in machinery and equipment, period effects are observed. A crisis and economic slowdown reduce investment in tangible capital. Meanwhile, the growth of the economy spurs more investment. The negative correlation between apparent labour productivity and investment rate indicates that investment in tangible assets is ineffective. An analysis on individual countries is required in order to reach more nuanced conclusions.

During Covid-19, manufacturing industries have faced problems due to lack of Remote Access system for manufacturing operation whereas IT sector has had a tremendous increase by leveraging the Remote Access system. In this paper, a Remote Access system is formed by integrating the existing technology such as SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), Microcontroller, OPC server, Internet, Sensor, and Actuator which facilitate controlling and monitoring manufacturing operation remotely. Sensor send operation data to Cloud via microcontroller (Arduino). Cloud computing processes the data and provides information to user in analytical form such as chat, graph, table etc., via HMI (Human Machine Interface). Through HMI the user monitors and controls the manufacturing operation by sending signal to actuator via microcontroller. This process integrated Human intelligent with machine capability. Viability of the proposed methodology is validated through simulation model design on Proteus and Wonderware Intouch. To find features and issues of Remote Access system we have done analysis of the simulation model and work done by different author in similar field. From this study, we realise that the Remote Access system is possible but it will not be effective until the infrastructure of IIoT (Industry Internet of Things) is developed.

The present work deals with the modeling and availability analysis of Container Manufacturing industry by applying Petri Net (PN) technique and attains the various availability levels by varying various operating parameters that affects the overall availability of the system. This system consist of four subsystems/components namely Gas Cutting machine, Hydraulic Press, Rolling machine and Submerged arc welding (SAW) welding machine. For the mathematical recreation of the system pertaining to the real environment, a Petri module of GRIF 2021 software was used. The model of the system has been made with Generalized Stochastic Petri Net (GSPN) considering exponential distribution for the failure of the components. In the existing research, an attempt has been made to identify the most critical component of system and suggest the repair priorities of different components on the basis of effect of repair rate on overall system availability. Also an attempt has been to find out the optimum number of repairmen. In the present work Hydraulic Press is the critical subsystem having more effect on availability of the system as compared to other subsystems. The optimum no of repairmen required are four thereafter, no increase in system availability seen in the present case. The results of present research work are might be helpful for plant management to design a suitable maintenance strategy to meet one of the objectives i.e. economically maintenance with maximum availability of the system.

The concept of Industry 4.0 was conceived to make manufacturing and industrial processes more modern and sustainable. It is achieved through the use of emerging technologies such as IoT, additive manufacturing, and robotics. One such technology is Blockchain, which provides many benefits like security, decentralization, and transparency. Blockchain was first proposed in the year 2008 as the technology behind the now-famous cryptocurrency Bitcoin. Since then, blockchain technology has seen a lot of improvements and changes. Blockchain has also branched out from its digital currencies to other industries such as healthcare, governance, supply chain, and entertainment. This article focuses on how and why blockchain technology can be used in conjunction with additive manufacturing and other new technologies to keep up with the current manufacturing demands of consumers. This article zeros in on the existing problems in the manufacturing industry and how blockchain and additive manufacturing can be used to mitigate them and provides rough guidelines for future researchers or organizations looking to integrate Blockchain into their supply chain.

The manufacturing industry in Iraq has faced, during the time stages, several obstacles that have had devastating effects on the Iraqi economy. These obstacles are represented by political events and wars that have led to the depletion of most human and material resources and the suspension of most vital industrial facilities from working, And the occurrence of this major deviation in the process of economic development, For the same reasons, the contributions of the manufacturing sector to the gross domestic product varied fluctuatingly, indicating instability in the growth rates of this sector, On the other hand, the supremacy of the belief that the dominance of oil resources as a main source for creating economic growth and achieving a high level of prosperity placed the manufacturing sector a place of great neglect. The result is that growth in this sector has become distorted in light of the heavy dependence on the oil sector. This study aims to estimate the production functions in the manufacturing industry in Iraq. Through which the existing production relations in this industry can be analyzed, And the extent of the possibility of substituting the factors of production, and measuring the flexibility of production for the factor of labor and capital, and marginal productivity.

The present for supporting in market any industries need to bring the balance among ecological, social viewpoints and efficient. Environmental friendly machining e.g. high pressure cooling, MQL machining, cryogenic machining, dry machining is one of the latest approach which is economical and also eco-friendly that improve machinability. In present article main focus on understanding of environmental friendly machining techniques and investigate various experiences from the past writing which can help the better appropriation of ecological friendly machining approach. For study and examination of environmental friendly machining approach, roughly 100 papers are chosen. They chose articles are ordered dependent on climate of machining, year, diaries, distributor, and ecological friendly machining approach measurements. After the literature survey it was observed that in metal cutting operation heat are generated in the cutting zone due to tool chip interface so quality of surface finish are poor and tool wear. In any manufacturing industries two factors play important role in term of quality e.g. surface roughness and tool wear so in this situation some techniques are need which is environmental friendly and also improve machinability. So finally, it was observed that environmental friendly machining techniques are cost effective and eco-friendly machining compared to other convention machining approach. The main motives of this paper that studies and encourage environmental friendly machining approach.

Nano-composites have a large scope of applications in various fields such as aerospace, manufacturing industry etc. Some synthesis of ceramic nano-composites like Hydroxyapatite (HA), metal Nano-composites such as Mg-SiC, Cu-Al2O3 and so on. Some nano-composites are used in biological applications. In this present review, Nano-composites based on Metal, Polymer, Ceramics were studied how they study also focused on their process of synthesis how they acquired some important properties such as Mechanical and Biological by analysing and modifying their respective molecular structure of that corresponding nano-composites. The main objective of this paper is to discuss how the properties can be modified and introduced in these nano-composites. These nano-composites structures were analysed up to their molecular level and other kinds of analysis, based on those results some conclusions were drawn about how these nano-composites would perform better in different environments, whether they are applicable in manufacturing, aircraft industry, automobile industry, medical field etc. The obstacles for the manufacturer are in applying the right reinforcement to either metal or ceramic matrix composites which would be helpful to solve major problems not only in Industry but also in other sectors and discuss development of nano-composites in the coming years.

The objective of this article is to propose a cost model that can be used by any type and size of manufacturing company that uses turning processes, anywhere in the world and that is oriented to the optimization of resources, since it has a direct effect on the environmental and economic impact, by reducing waste, avoiding pollution for society and obtaining a monetary benefit. For this, the model adopted conforms to the practical working conditions and the recommendations of both the tool manufacturer, as well as international standards, to machine AISI 1018 steel, which is one of the most common and used materials in the world, for the manufacture of a great variety of mechanical elements, using the CNMG 12 04 08 insert, on a CNC lathe, which allows precise control of the machining parameters and through which the Taylor constants have been obtained experimentally, the results of which validated are satisfactory and as a preliminary step, to finally determine the minimum cost equation of the turning process, which in turn allows to determine the optimal insert cutting speed, which must be within the recommendations and ranges indicated by the manufacturer and also It is possible to determine the life time of the insert, in order to be able to change the insert in a suitable and timely manner.

Big Data (BD)-driven business intelligence (BI) is considered to be a new development stage within industrial engineering management to achieve higher business value creation. The article provides extensive research of BD-driven approaches to identify strategic knowledge and value-creating components within Internet of Things (IoT) manufacturing. Due to previous research studies focused mostly on partial solutions and lack a holistic view, this article topic is still far from being sufficiently explored and resolved. The article presents the results of an extensive research study of contemporary professional literature with a specific aim to provide a more holistic and systematical view on the current state and future trends in this issue. To solve this high complex research problem, both quantitative and qualitative research methodology approaches are used. The article is primarily based on a systematic literature review covering 187 essential and 36 additional current research papers within the Web of Science and Scopus database from 2012 to the present. Research findings identify the seven key strategic elements determining that Big Data analytics (BDA) can become a real and tremendous business value creation driver within IoT intelligent manufacturing. These research results provide important conclusions and implications for challenging future investigations into BDA and BI systems in the context of advancing the Industry 4.0 revolution. In conclusion, we propose a final suggestion in the form of a strategic future research chain from IoT through BDA to value creation based on BD intelligence within IoT manufacturing, whereas seven strategic elements might play a crucial. Author, Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University in Zlin [IGA/FaME/2020/009-Process]

Purpose- This study investigates the development, advantages, customer satisfaction, and problems of six sigma principles, provides a briefintroduction of the six-sigma organizational structure and its application in industry implementation, and highlights the major elementsimpacting successful six sigma deployments. In addition, the objective of this research is to evaluate the fundamental ideas of six sigmas, itsadvantages, and effective implementation methodologies.Methodology- Quality Management-Process improvement is already a critical systematic process for gaining a competitive edge and improvingperformance. Whereas Six Sigma might have been initially established with manufacturing techniques, it is now employed through serviceorganizations and service operations in practically every industry and by some service sectors (e.g., transportation, telecom, and healthcare) toincrease profitability and performance. In addressing critical challenges, business managers implement Six Sigma in business marketing,financial, operations management, regulatory, and employee relations operations. Generally, the Six Sigma approach has been employed in theindustrial sector of industry.Findings- This research, in terms of direction, includes exemplary practices/applications from the service industry and manufacturing sector, aswell as other industries (e.g., transportation and mobile communications-telecommunications) that are pioneers and entrepreneurs-innovatorsin applying the procedures via quality function deployment. We provide insights acquired from past successes. The work incorporates theprinciples acquired from outstanding six sigma enterprises, discusses the principles of managerial position and appropriate six sigma applicationdeployment, and examines future enhancements to the six sigma method.Conclusion- Six sigma concepts and practices that are beneficial could flourish through constantly improving the management structure.According to the findings of this study, the principles of effective application comprise higher management endorsement and engagement,strategic alignment, skills development, platforms, and connections to personnel management efforts- initiatives.

Publisher Copyright: Author Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly developing field, which potentially decreases the manufacturing costs and enables increasingly complex antenna shapes. Metal-based AM might be particularly useful for manufacturing antennas at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) range, because these antennas are physically small enough making AM cost efficient, and manufacturing accuracy could still suffice for good electrical performance. In this letter, two additively manufactured and identical machined fully metallic Ka-band Vivaldi antenna arrays are compared. The manufactured antenna arrays are compared using RF measurements to conclude the feasibility of AM for manufacturing antenna arrays at mm-wave frequencies. Comparison of the measured radiation patterns and realized gains of each of the antenna arrays between 26 and 40 GHz shows close to identical radiation patterns for all the arrays. A loss in realized gain of 0.5-1.5 dB is observed in the AM arrays when compared to the machined array due to the used materials and the surface roughness.

Recently, the concept of circular supply chain has gained huge popularity as a suitable means to accomplish efficient resource utilization for ultimate supply chain sustainability. However, studies are scarce that provide insight on how manufacturing firms particularly in emerging countries like Nigeria can facilitate circular supply chain implementation for expected performance gains. To fill this gap, this study proposes a robust methodology based on Best- Worst-Method (BWM) and Evaluation Based on Distance to Average Solution (EDAS) to investigate the enablers of circular supply chain decisions in the Nigerian manufacturing sector. The current study is a pioneering effort in the extant literature on the utilization of BWM-EDAS in the study of circular supply chain implementation especially in the manufacturing sector from the managers' perspectives in an emerging economy- Nigeria. The findings indicate that supplier relationship development, periodic environmental audits and positive consumer attitude are the most critical enablers of implementing circular supply chain in the manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the study results highlight the low relative importance of manufacturing firms’ financial strength during the adoption of circular economy strategies in their supply chains, thereby suggesting that circular supply chains can be implemented in financially constrained firms. Hence, this study presents relevant constructs that serve as guidelines to managers and policy makers on circular supply chain implementation in manufacturing firms and thereby enriches literature on the circularity concept.

The manufacturing world had undergone four separate industrial revolts. Industry 4.0 is a most recentchapter in the Industrial revolt story that pivotedmainly on manufacturing automation, live data capturing, smart machines, and internet connectivity with key objectivesof productivity rise, optimization of available working hours, and increased organization competitiveness. This research paper studiesthe industry 4.0 through the survey of available literature in a sequential manner that started with understanding the development of the manufacturing industry from industry 1.0 to industry 4.0, the nine key foundation blocks of the industry 4.0, the cyber-physical systems, the Smart factory concept,industry 4.0 application strategy guide step by step, Industry 4.0 benefits, risk, and challenges. We applied the Industry 4.0 concept step by step as a pilot project as per the Industry 4.0 application strategy guide atthe bus bar trunking production factory with the target of delivering the demand of customerswithin committed or shorter lead time from the bus bar manufacturing shop and discussed the outcomes briefly. We concluded that Industry 4.0 helps to improve operator work-life, overall productivity, and to reduce the operating cost of production drastically in mass manufacturing processes. Industry 4.0 is also a boon in today’s changing work culture after the CORONA pandemic through its core concepts of digitization, paperless work, networking, and maximum internet usage. It also guides to adopt automation and smart machines that are communicating in real-time with its customer. We also observed that its application is costly in terms of investment to deploy for small or middle scale manufacturing plants, but they shall implement partly to get the benefit from it.

Manufacturing industries strive hard to improve their productivity to meet the highly demanding business market. Productivity can be improved by effective use of resources, elimination of wastes, process flow enhancement, and continuous improvement. There are strategies and tools to improve productivity but industries face the problem of selecting appropriate strategies. Lean manufacturing philosophy helps the manufacturing industries to enhance their productivity aspects by identifying and eliminating the wastes using specific tools/techniques. This article presents an integrated framework for the lean implementation process in the steel processing industry. The value stream mapping (VSM) tool is used to identify the wastes at each stage of the production process. Lean tools are identified from literature based on the wastes identified from the current state. For prioritizing the lean tools based on the positive correlation on one another, fuzzy integrated analytic hierarchy process and complex proportional assessment of alternatives are used. A future state value stream map is developed to illustrate the improvements achieved due to the implementation of selected lean tools. Comparison of present and future state VSM shows a great reduction of wastes, such as scale waste (50%), miss roll defects (72.7%), size variation defect (62%), corrosion defect, and improvements in talk time and cleanliness.

This paper presents outcomes of a project that was carried out with an aim to enhance profit in a small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs). Lean six sigma - a methodology that relies on a collaborative team effort to systematically improve performance by reducing/removing waste or reducing variation, is used to achieve the study objective. A fruit juice manufacturing company that had been suffering from colossal wastage was selected as a case study. Define-Measure-analysis-Improve-Control (DMAIC), value stream mapping (VSM) and cause and effect diagram have been applied. The study results suggested that waste can be reduced up to 50%. Consequently, the profit increased by 7% if the firm acts on recommendations. This study opens doors for many such projects; therefore, it can be considered as the first step towards significant changes in the fruits and vegetable industries.

To experience seamless adoption of future industry 4.0, it is imperative to investigate its existing roadblocks and success factors in the Indian manufacturing context. Striking similarities among diverse researches highlight the importance of the cyber-physical system assuring many benefits to the manufacturing sector. Many studies concluded that sooner or later, all manufacturing companies will evolve by penetrating industry 4.0 technologies in their enterprise activities. There is a possibility of negative consequences on business functions if top management remains unprepared to assess roadblocks to these future technologies' adoption. Identification of roadblocks is the first and foremost thing industrial policymakers should focus on. This research enlists the stumbling blocks for industry 4.0 technologies' adoption that manufacturing industries may encounter by reviewing the latest literature and ranks them using VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) methodology by consulting five experienced Indian industrial authorities. Weightage to each industrial experts' input is decided by the entropy method. Results indicate that “Skilled workers scarcity,” “Internal employee resistance,” “Worries about cyber security,” and “Inadequate knowledge of/from exterior agencies” are the top four barriers to the incorporation of industry 4.0 technologies in the Indian manufacturing context while “Lack of knowledge about enabling technology solutions” secured lower position. The robustness of the output was checked by carrying out a sensitivity analysis with varying weights. The approach adopted in this study will be helpful for industrial authorities to concentrate their efforts in tackling the most critical barriers. This research will aid industrial decision-makers in remaining proactive during the industrial technology adoption transition.

Ministry of Industry assesses that the processing industry is still consistently contributing the most to the achievement of export value national. There are manufacturing industry sectors that have achieved low scores on the contribution of export value. Namely the apparel industry, wood industry, and industrial furniture. There are obstacles and problems for the three industries to increase export value. The problem is the low competitiveness of the three industries in exporting. This study aims to analyze and see the condition of the competitiveness of the Small and Medium Creative Industry in the KI Jakarta based on exports from the supply-side analysis. This research is qualitative research using interview and survey methods. The samples of this research were Furniture / Furniture IKM, Batik IKM, and Handicraft IKM which succeeded in contributing the export contribution value to IKM. The results of this study indicate that the conditions of the three creative SMIs in Jakarta have different capabilities and strategies in contributing to export value. Based on the results of the SWOT and SPACE matrix analysis, a special strategy is needed to increase competitiveness. Among them, the right strategies are Furniture IKM and Handicraft IKM located in the quadrant size “aggressive” which indicates that the Furniture IKM in DKI Jakarta is in a very good position in using its internal strength. Therefore, the strategies suitable for use by IKM Furniture in DKI Jakarta include market penetration strategy, market development, product development, backward integration, forward integration, horizontal integration, or diversification. Meanwhile, IKM Batik is in the quadrant position “Conservative” which indicates that IKM Batik is in a low or weak competitive position and must improve the company's strategic position to have strong competitiveness

Background Looking at death statistics at workplaces, occupational health and safety (OHS) is indisputably one of the most important problems of society. Considering that the existing measures are insufficient to reduce deaths, it is essential to look at the prevention of occupational accidents/diseases with an interdisciplinary approach and to employ new perspectives in order to develop new methods. The aim of this study is to determine whether psychosocial risks are perceived as an accident factor by employees and to bring the concept of psychosocial accident factors into a discussion. Methods The survey technique is used as a data collection tool for this study. The questionnaire has 33 questions. The SPSS program was used to analyze the data. Results The study showed that employees who had an accident perceived psychosocial factors as an important accident factor. Conclusions Studies on causes of accidents at work are generally based on a single dimension, such as environmental conditions and/or faults of employees. There is almost no focus on the reasons for the misbehaviors of employees. Psychosocial factors are not taken into account or neglected, but results show that providing psychosocial support and/or psychological counseling services at workplaces may be effective in reducing accidents.

Purpose Drawing on the concept of resource-based theory of the firm; the purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of firms’ strategic approaches on the firm performance via indirect effect using a multilevel, bottom-up approach. Design/methodology/approach Using the survey method, the present study obtains data from 104 diversified manufacturing firms and analyzes the bottom-up effect of firms’ strategic approach on efficient resource allocation using Mplus. Findings Given the prevailing conditions, the study found that the motive of most firms is growth rather than risk mitigation or collaboration in the manufacturing sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, the study found that the bottom-level employees’ information asymmetry has a significant impact on the strategic resource allocation decision, which can lead to resource allocation inefficiency. Research limitations/implications Despite making a unique contribution, the present study has few limitations requiring researchers’ attention to in the forthcoming. These include a low amount of data, self-reporting technique and failure to include all the possible reason that could cause resource allocation inefficiency. Practical implications The present research has potential applications for managers of the manufacturing industry. First, the study alerts managers about the challenges of resource allocation. At the same time, this study provides critical implication for managing bottom-level employees. Originality/value The current study has made a sizable impression in the literature of resource-based theory of the firm by recommending a model that augments the theoretical foundation of strategic management of the firm. So, closely considering these insights would be helping for the firms for allocating resources efficiently in the manufacturing industry.

Fungi are a revolutionary, smart, and sustainable manufacturing platform that can be used to upcycle byproducts and wastes into flexible fungal materials (FFMs) such as chitin- and β-glucan-based foams, paper, and textiles. With highly adaptable manufacturing pathways, the efficiency and properties of these materials depend on the biomass source and fermentation method. Liquid substrates provide fast, upscalable, and compact production processes but are susceptible to contamination and are limited to paper-like materials for printing, wound dressings, and membranes. Solid-state fermentation is cheaper but struggles to deliver homogeneous fungal growth and is used to produce fungal foams for packaging, insulation, textiles, and leather substitutes. The broad range of applications and uses of biological organisms in materials hallmarks fungi as forerunners in improving environmental sustainability globally.

Objectives: This study aimed to reduce the number of sick leaves due to mental disorders using a problem-solving approach as the primary preventive strategy. Methods: We developed the approach referring to evidence-based public health, community-based participatory research, and competencies of occupational health professionals. We then applied the approach step-by-step to occupational health practices in a manufacturing company. Results: For the problem statement (Step 1) and formulating a hypothesis of cause-and-effect relationships (Step 2), we conducted a case-series study and hypothesized several workplace factors as causes of sick leaves. For empirical analysis (Step 3), we performed a retrospective cohort study. We set a department as the intervention target because of the high prevalence of sick leaves. After finding contextual and translational evidence by searching the scientific literature and assessing scientific evidence (Step 4), we identified stakeholders and weak elements in the occupational health management system. We promoted partnership with the stakeholders by sharing our findings (Step 5). We then developed and prioritized intervention options (Step 6) within the partnership. The employer decided to strengthen those weak elements and address the causes of sick leaves by developing an action plan and implementing interventions (Step 7). The incidence of sick leaves has subsequently decreased in the department. Finally, we evaluated the effectiveness of the problem-solving approach on the system, program, and outcomes (Step 8). Conclusion: This study revealed that a problem-solving approach may be effective in preventing sick leaves due to mental disorders in the workplace by building infrastructure for occupational health practice.

In the era of high-quality development, the sustainable development of manufacturing industry has shown characteristics of the Er-xiang Dual. In this paper, we mainly adopt the Er-xiang Dual theory to construct the theoretical framework on the sustainable development of the manufacturing industry, and deduced the indexes of the sustainable development in the manufacturing sector, including the state index, process index, coordination index and comprehensive index. Subsequently, we have used the cross-sectional data of average for 2016–2018 to carry out an empirical analysis in the manufacturing sector in 30 provinces of China, and divided these 30 provinces into four echelons according to the comprehensive index. Finally, we have put forward four kinds of development strategies, namely, “creating demonstrations”, “making up for the points of weakness”, “enhancing the industrial advantages” and “cultivating the development features”. This study has enriched the theoretical framework of the sustainable development in the manufacturing sector in the era of high-quality development from the perspective of system theory, which will provide vital references to accurately assess the level of the sustainable development in the manufacturing industry in various regions of China and to formulate classified development strategies.