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In this work we present a study of light depolarization by an oriented rough surface. A polarized laser beam shines samples with different roughness in two different ranges and the intensity of depolarized light at normal direction is monitored. We show the applicability of Cross–Polarization Ratio (CPR) analysis, previously applied to random rough surfaces, for oriented rough surface. In addition, we observed a clear dependence of the depolarized light intensity by respect the sample’s mean roughness (Ra) for both analyzed roughness range. Our results consist in a proof of principle for indirect roughness measurement of metallic samples and intend to be a potential application in industrial production line, once Ra can be related directly with an intensity measurement in a fast way.

We applied the Hurst exponent technique to an experimental study of rough metallic surface profiles and the speckle patterns generated by them. Characterization of important statistical properties of the surface profile and speckle patterns were performed. We observed a clear correlation between the Hurst exponent of a surface profile and the one calculated from the associated speckle patterns. Therefore, in principle, information of the Hurst exponent of the profile can be obtained from the Hurst exponent of speckle patterns. Range and sampling analyses were performed in the Hurst exponent calculations showing the robustness of the method. As an additional application, we performed a basic simulation to show that the Hurst exponent is sensitive to surface waviness.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:58:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 Background: Pelvic floor muscles (PFM) and rectus abdominis muscles (RAM) of pregnant diabetic rats exhibit atrophy, co-localization of fast and slow fibers and an increased collagen type I/III ratio. However, the role of similar PFM or RAM hyperglycemic-related myopathy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains poorly investigated. This study aims to assess the frequency of pelvic floor muscle disorders and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence (PS-UI) 12 months after the Cesarean (C) section in women with GDM. Specifically, differences in PFM/RAM hyperglycemic myopathy will be evaluated. Methods: The Diamater is an ongoing cohort study of four groups of 59 pregnant women each from the Perinatal Diabetes Research Centre (PDRC), Botucatu Medical School (FMB)-UNESP (São Paulo State University), Brazil. Diagnosis of GDM and PS-UI will be made at 24-26 weeks, with a follow-up at 34-38 weeks of gestation. Inclusion in the study will occur at the time of C-section, and patients will be followed at 24-48 h, 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months postpartum. Study groups will be classified as (1) GDM plus PS-UI; (2) GDM without PS-UI; (3) Non-GDM plus PS-UI; and (4) Non-GDM without PS-UI. We will analyze relationships between GDM, PS-UI and hyperglycemic myopathy at 12 months after C-section. The mediator variables to be evaluated include digital palpation, vaginal squeeze pressure, 3D pelvic floor ultrasound, and 3D RAM ultrasound. RAM samples obtained during C-section will be analyzed for ex-vivo contractility, morphological, molecular and OMICS profiles to further characterize the hyperglycemic myopathy. Additional variables to be evaluated include maternal age, socioeconomic status, educational level, ethnicity, body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy, quality of glycemic control and insulin therapy. Discussion: To our knowledge, this will be the first study to provide data on the prevalence of PS-UI and RAM and PFM physical and biomolecular muscle profiles after C-section in mothers with GDM. The longitudinal design allows for the assessment of cause-effect relationships between GDM, PS-UI, and PFMs and RAMs myopathy. The findings may reveal previously undetermined consequences of GDM. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Botucatu Medical School (FMB) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Physics Department Institute of Biosciences Letters and Exact Sciences Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation UNESP-São Paulo State University Physiotherapy Department Faculdades Integradas de Bauru FIB Universidade Do Sagrado Coração (USC), Jardim Brasil Department of Health Research Methods Evidence and Impact McMaster University Biostatistics Unit Father Sean o'Sullivan Research Centre St Joseph's Healthcare-Hamilton Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Weill Cornell Medicine Institute of Tropical Medicine University of Sao Paulo Medical School School of Philosophy and Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy UNESP-São Paulo State University Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Botucatu Medical School (FMB) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Physics Department Institute of Biosciences Letters and Exact Sciences Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation UNESP-São Paulo State University School of Philosophy and Sciences Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy UNESP-São Paulo State University

Since Scott and Fisher (1938) found that insulin crystals included an average of 0.5% zinc, studies were conducted to investigate the role for such element in insulin secretion and metabolism. Alterations in zinc metabolism were reported in both types of the diabetes (Mooradian and Morley, 1987). Abnormal findings have been correlated to the duration of the disease, metabolic control, and to the presence of chronic complications (Canfield, Hambidge and Johnson, 1984; Pedrosa et al., 1999). Prior studies have attemped to show that hyperzincuria should induce a deficiency or at least a marginal Zn status (Cunningham, Markle and Brown, 1994). Plasma Zn is the most frequently measured index of status Zn, but it is an insensitive diagnostic criterion because fluctuations in plasma zinc have been related with food intake and complex metabolic adjustments (King et al., 1994). Measurement of Zn concentrations in other peripheral blood cells, including erythrocyte and leukocyte also have been evaluated in experimental protocols. The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status of the zinc in children with Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1DM), with regard to clinical parameters, diet and metabolic control.