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1. P3531Continual measurement of arterial dP/dtmax enables mini-invasive monitoring of left ventricular contractility in acute heart failure

Author: D Vondrakova, D V Vondrakova, A K Kruger, M J Janotka, P N Neuzil, and P O Ostadal
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Left ventricular contractility, medicine.disease, Dipyridamole, Mini invasive surgery, Internal medicine, Intensive care, Heart failure, Dp dtmax, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, Arterial line, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, circulatory and respiratory physiology, medicine.drug
Abstract: Introduction Continuous reliable evaluating of left ventricular (LV) contractile function in patients with advanced heart failure requiring intensive care remains challenging. Recently, continual monitoring of dP/dtmax from arterial line became available for hemodynamic monitoring. However, the relation between arterial dP/dtmax and LV dP/dtmax measurement is not fully understood. Purpose The aim of our study was to determine the relation of arterial dP/dtmax and LV dP/dtmax assessed by echocardiography in patients with acute heart failure. Methods Forty-eight patients with acute heart failure requiring intensive care and hemodynamic monitoring were recruited into the study (mean age 70.4 years, 65% were males). Hemodynamic variables including arterial dP/dtmax were continually monitored using arterial line pressure waveform analysis. LV dP/dtmax was assessed using continuous-wave Doppler analysis of mitral regurgitation flow. Results The values from continual arterial dP/dtmax monitoring significantly correlated with the LV dP/dtmax assessed by echocardiography (r=0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.83, P Conclusion Our results revealed that arterial dP/dtmax values tightly and highly significantly correlate with LV dP/dtmax. Arterial dP/dtmax could be, therefore, used for continual monitoring of LV contractility. Acknowledgement/Funding Institutional grant MH CZ - DRO (Na Homolce Hospital- NNH, 00023884), IG150501
Published: 2019
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2. EUDAQ $-$ A Data Acquisition Software Framework for Common Beam Telescopes

Author: A. Irles, D. Barney, M. Keil, K. Kruger, Arnulf Quadt, Joern Grosse-Knetter, Hendrik Jansen, H. Schreeck, M. Benoit, I. M. Gregor, P. Wieduwilt, Jan Dreyling-Eschweiler, J. S. Keller, Jens Weingarten, Szymon Kulis, P. Ahlburg, Y. W. Liu, Andre Rummler, J. Kvasnicka, Joe Kroll, H. Augustin, Thomas Eichhorn, I. Rubinsky, Jens Janssen, E. Corrin, Carlos Marinas, J. S. Lange, P. Schütze, Moritz Kiehn, D. Dannheim, J. H. Arling, U. Stolzenberg, H. Perrey, G. Troska, M. Varga-Kofarago, Tobias Bisanz, Paolo Martinengo, Andreas Nürnberg, Simon Spannagel, Richard Peschke, Felix Reidt, Marcel Michael Stanitzki, David Cussans, F. Lütticke, D. Pohl, Thorben Quast, M. Suljic, Hyun-Chul Kim, D. Haas, Taikan Suehara, B. Paschen, L. Huth, A. Fiergolski, Enrico Rossi, Daniel Pitzl, Benjamin Schwenker, S. Arfaoui, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, architecture, hardware, algorithms, databases), data acquisition, Data management, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, Data acquisition, beam [charged particle], Particle tracking detectors, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], hardware, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Data processing, Data stream mining, Physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), control system, Charged particle beam, databases), Particle Physics - Experiment, Computer hardware, performance, architecture, Data acquisition system for beam tests [5], FOS: Physical sciences, algorithms, programming, 03 medical and health sciences, Calorimeters, charged particle: beam, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:530, ddc:610, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, Data acquisition concepts, Data flow diagram, data management, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: EUDAQ is a generic data acquisition software developed for use in conjunction with common beam telescopes at charged particle beam lines. Providing high-precision reference tracks for performance studies of new sensors, beam telescopes are essential for the research and development towards future detectors for high-energy physics. As beam time is a highly limited resource, EUDAQ has been designed with reliability and ease-of-use in mind. It enables flexible integration of different independent devices under test via their specific data acquisition systems into a top-level framework. EUDAQ controls all components globally, handles the data flow centrally and synchronises and records the data streams. Over the past decade, EUDAQ has been deployed as part of a wide range of successful test beam campaigns and detector development applications., Comment: 32 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2019
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3. Do sleep-deprived adolescents make less-healthy food choices?

Author: Patrick M. Krueger, Allison K. Kruger, Lauren Hale, Eric N. Reither, and Paul E. Peppard
Subjects: Male, Mediation (statistics), medicine.medical_specialty, Longitudinal study, Adolescent, National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, Medicine (miscellaneous), Logistic regression, Choice Behavior, Article, Young Adult, Internal medicine, Vegetables, Food choice, medicine, Humans, Analysis of Variance, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Feeding Behavior, Sleep in non-human animals, Sleep deprivation, Endocrinology, Fruit, Fast Foods, Regression Analysis, Sleep Deprivation, Female, Analysis of variance, medicine.symptom, business, Demography, Adolescent health
Abstract: Short sleep duration among children and adolescents has been reported to be associated with elevated BMI and other adverse health outcomes. Food choices are one proposed mechanism through which this association may occur. In the present study, we examined whether self-reported habitual sleep duration is associated with vegetable and fruit consumption and fast food consumption. Using cross-sectional data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n13 284), we estimated three nested logistic regression models for two outcome variables: daily vegetable and fruit consumption and previous week's fast food consumption. The adjusted models included demographic and social/behavioural covariates. Self-reported habitual short sleep duration ( 8 h/night) (OR 0·66,P <0·001), even after adjusting for demographic and social/behavioural factors (OR 0·75,P <0·001). Short sleep duration was also associated with increased odds of fast food consumption (OR 1·40,P <0·001) even after adjustment (OR 1·20,P <0·05). Food choices are significantly associated with sleep duration and may play an important role in the mediation of the association between sleep and health among adolescents.
Published: 2014
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4. Management and complications associated with treatment of cervical oesophageal perforations in horses

Author: Jennifer Davis and K. Kruger
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Debridement, medicine.diagnostic_test, Normal diet, Equine, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Laminitis, Aspiration pneumonia, medicine.disease, Thrombophlebitis, Endoscopy, Surgery, Sepsis, medicine, Differential diagnosis, business
Abstract: Summary Six horses were evaluated for colic and anorexia, choke or suspected oesophageal rupture with and without tracheal laceration. Clinical findings were variable, but a painful ventral neck swelling was noted in all cases. Two of the horses had signs of dehydration and sepsis. Additional findings included evidence of previous trauma over the trachea and oesophagus, ventral neck abscessation, choke and aspiration pneumonia. A diagnosis of oesophageal perforation was made using endoscopy. Two horses were subjected to euthanasia without treatment. All horses where treatment was attempted received debridement of the oesophageal perforation and surrounding tissues with or without surgical closure of the oesophageal defect. Other therapies included broad spectrum antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory drugs, fluid and nutritional support as well as additional therapeutics for sepsis and individual complications. Complications included diverticulum formation, thrombophlebitis, diarrhoea, laryngeal hemiplegia, azotaemia, aspiration pneumonia, oesophageal obstruction, weight loss and laminitis. All 4 treated horses recovered from the oesophageal perforation and are able to eat a normal diet. Two of the 4 horses have had infrequent episodes of recurrent choke. Oesophageal rupture should be considered as a differential diagnosis for horses with a painful swelling of the ventral neck. With surgical debridement and adequate supportive care, oesophageal perforation cases can have a fair to good long-term survival, although chronic complications can occur, therapy is prolonged, and a significant economic commitment is required.
Published: 2013
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5. Saving time on robot programming: Programming by demonstration using stereoscopic motion capturing

Author: K. Kruger and D.J. Folscher
Subjects: Flexibility (engineering), Robot kinematics, Engineering, Software, business.industry, Programming by demonstration, Reactive programming, Robot, Control engineering, business, Functional reactive programming, Simulation, Task (project management)
Abstract: Articulated arm robots have become critical components in the modern manufacturing environment, effectively performing a diverse range of manufacturing tasks. Robots offer flexibility through re-programmability — however, robot programming remains a time consuming task which requires highly skilled operators. Aiming to reduce the required time and complexity of robot programming, this paper presents an alternative programming method based on the capture of demonstrated motions. Early experimental results show a significant reduction in programming time compared to a standard online programming method.
Published: 2016
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6. Low-dose Paclitaxel-coated Versus Uncoated Percutaneous Transluminal Balloon Angioplasty for Femoropopliteal Peripheral Artery Disease: 1-year Results of the ILLUMENATE European Randomized Clinical Trial

Author: Michael R. Jaff, Martin Werner, K. Kruger, Henrik Schroeder, D.R. Meyer, and P. Reimer
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Arterial disease, Low dose, Disease, Percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Paclitaxel, chemistry, law, Medicine, Surgery, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2017
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7. Acceptance tests and criteria of the ATLAS transition radiation tracker

Author: P. Cwetanski, T. Akesson, F. Anghinolfi, E. Arik, O.K. Baker, E. Banas, S. Baron, D. Benjamin, H. Bertelsen, V. Bondarenko, V. Bytchkov, J. Callahan, M. Capeans, L. Cardiel-Sas, A. Catinaccio, S.A. Cetin, J.T. Chandler, M. Dam, H. Danielsson, F. Dittus, B. Dolgoshein, N. Dressnandt, W.L. Ebenstein, P. Eerola, K. Egorov, P. Farthouat, O. Fedin, D. Froidevaux, P. Gagnon, C. Gay, N. Ghodbane, Y. Grichkevitch, N. Grigalashvili, J. Grognuz, Z. Hajduk, P. Hansen, S. Katunin, F. Kayumov, P.T. Keener, G. Kekelidze, A. Khristatchev, T. Kittelmann, S. Konovalov, L. Koudine, S. Kovalenko, T. Kowalski, V.A. Kramarenko, K. Kruger, A. Laritchev, B.C. LeGeyt, P. Lichard, F. Luehring, B. Lundberg, R. Mackeprang, V. Maleev, I. Markina, A.J. Martin, K.W. McFarlane, V. Mialkowski, S. Michine, B. Mindur, V.A. Mitsou, U. Mjornmark, S. Morozov, A. Munar, S. Muraviev, A. Nadtochy, S. Nesterov, F.M. Newcomer, N. Nikitine, H. Ogren, S.H. Oh, S. Oleshko, J. Olszowska, S. Patritchev, V. Peshekhonov, R. Petti, M. Price, C. Rembser, O. Rohne, A. Romaniouk, D.R. Rust, Y. Ryabov, V. Ryjov, V. Schegelsky, M.P. Schmidt, D. Seliverstov, T. Shin, A. Shmeleva, S. Smirnov, V. Sosnovtsev, S. Soutchkov, G. Sprachmann, V. Tikhomirov, R. Van Berg, V.I. Vassilakopoulos, L. Vassilieva, C. Wang, H.H. Williams, A. Zalite, and Y. Zalite
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, business.industry, Detector, Charged particle, Optics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Transition radiation, Neutron flux, Acceptance testing, Nuclear electronics, Electronic engineering, Dosimetry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: The Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) sits at the outermost part of the ATLAS Inner Detector, encasing the Pixel Detector and the Semi-Conductor Tracker (SCT). The TRT combines charged particle track reconstruction with electron identification capability. This is achieved by layers of xenon-filled straw tubes with periodic radiator foils or fibers providing TR photon emission. The design and choice of materials have been optimized to cope with the harsh operating conditions at the LHC, which are expected to lead to an accumulated radiation dose of 10 Mrad and a neutron fluence of up to 2middot1014 n/cm2 after ten years of operation. The TRT comprises a barrel containing 52 000 axial straws and two end-cap parts with 320 000 radial straws. The total of 420 000 electronic channels (two channels per barrel straw) allows continuous tracking with many projective measurements (more than 30 straw hits per track). The assembly of the barrel modules in the US has recently been completed, while the end-cap wheel construction in Russia has reached the 50% mark. After testing at the production sites and shipment to CERN, all modules and wheels undergo a series of quality and conformity measurements. These acceptance tests survey dimensions, wire tension, gas-tightness, high-voltage stability and gas-gain uniformity along each individual straw. This paper gives details on the acceptance criteria and measurement methods. An overview of the most important results obtained to-date is also given
Published: 2005
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8. Status of design and construction of the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) for the ATLAS experiment at the LHC

Author: K. W. McFarlane, B. Lundberg, E. Spiridenkov, W. L. Ebenstein, P. Gagnon, S.B. Oleshko, D. R. Rust, Andrea Catinaccio, M. Capeans, L. Cardiel-Sas, Robert Szczygiel, Seog Oh, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, Serge Smirnov, Vladimir Tikhomirov, S. Patritchev, F. M. Newcomer, Z. Hajduk, V. Soutchkov, Jolanta Olszowska, S. Muraviev, P. Cwetanski, A. Nadtochy, Y. F. Ryabov, Fridolin Dittus, Mogens Dam, G. D. Kekelidze, T. Shin, Christoph Rembser, Oleg Fedin, F. Luehring, J. Callahan, Victor Maleev, C. Wang, Daniel Froidevaux, L. Vassilieva, Peter Hansen, S. V. Morozov, F. Kayumov, H. O. Ogren, Tadeusz Kowalski, S. Passmore, M. J. Price, O. K. Baker, Serkant Ali Cetin, I. Markina, N. Grigalashvili, Chafik Driouichi, H. H. Williams, D. M. Seliverstov, K. Kruger, V. Mialkovski, R. Van Berg, A. Zalite, A Romaniouk, O. Rohne, Francis Anghinolfi, Helena Danielsson, E. Arik, Viktor Kramarenko, V. Bondarenko, Paula Eerola, Valery Schegelsky, H. Bertelsen, A. Laritchev, L. Koudine, S. Baron, B. Dolgoshein, Bartosz Mindur, A. Munar, Alevtina Shmeleva, A. Khristatchev, V. Bytchkov, Vasiliki A Mitsou, S. Kovalenko, Vladimir Peshekhonov, S.P. Konovalov, P. Farthouat, D. P. Benjamin, R. Petti, P. Lichard, V. Sosnovtsev, N. Dressnandt, V. Ryjov, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, Y. Grichkevitch, and P. T. Keener
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Large Hadron Collider, business.industry, Detector, ATLAS experiment, Tracking (particle physics), Particle detector, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, Atlas (anatomy), medicine, Straw tracker, Electronics, Aerospace engineering, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: The ATLAS Inner Detector consists of three sub-systems, the Pixel Detector at the innermost radius, the Semi-Conductor Tracker at intermediate radii, and the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) at the outermost radius in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift-tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on radiator fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the current status of design and construction of the various components of the TRT: the assembly of the barrel modules has recently been completed, that of the end-cap wheels is well underway, and the on-detector front-end electronics is in production. The detector modules and front-end electronics boards will be integrated together over the next year, the barrel and end-cap TRT parts will be assembled and tested with their SCT counterparts during 2005 and installation and commissioning in the ATLAS pit will take place at the end of 2005 and the beginning of 2006. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. (Less)
Published: 2004
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9. An X-ray scanner for wire chambers

Author: P.K. Keener, Helena Danielsson, W. L. Ebenstein, Serge Smirnov, N. Dressnandt, F. Luehring, Daniel Froidevaux, H. Bertelsen, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, V. Bytchkov, Mariusz Sapinski, M. J. Price, Paula Eerola, J. Callahan, Anatoli Romaniouk, P. Farthouat, Y. Grichkevitch, B. Dolgoshein, Alevtina Shmeleva, H. O. Ogren, S.P. Konovalov, B. Lundberg, Andrea Catinaccio, T. P. A. Åkesson, V. Sosnovtsev, Vladimir Tikhomirov, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Douglas Benjamin, Vasiliki A Mitsou, E. Arik, E. Spiridenkov, A. Manara, A. Nadtochy, S. Soutchkov, H. H. Williams, M. D.M. CapeansGarrido, Z. Hajduk, Ketevi Assamagan, A. Cetin, G. D. Kekelidze, J.D. Hansen, Lidia Smirnova, Christoph Rembser, D. R. Rust, Viktor Kramarenko, Seog Oh, K. Kruger, Valery Schegelsky, S. Muraviev, Fridolin Dittus, R. VanBerg, K. Baker, K. W. McFarlane, Jolanta Olszowska, C. Wang, Tadeusz Z. Kowalski, S. V. Morozov, P. Cwetanski, and F. M. Newcomer
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scanner, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, ATLAS experiment, Barrel (horology), Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Collimated light, Particle detector, Optics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Transition radiation, Measuring instrument, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The techniques to measure the position of sense wires and field wires, the gas gain and the gas flow rate inside wire chambers using a collimated and filtered X-ray beam are reported. Specific examples are given using barrel modules of the Transition Radiation Tracker of the ATLAS experiment.
Published: 2003
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10. Quasicontinuous tunable fiber-ring laser applied as local oscillator in an absolute calibrated spectrometer for WDM systems

Author: K. Kruger, U. Kruger, C. von Helmolt, and Publica
Subjects: wavelet division multiplexing, high free spectral range, ring lasers, Materials science, absolute frequency accuracy, laser frequency stability, optical communication equipment, Local oscillator, local oscillator, Physics::Optics, Ring laser, fibre lasers, optical transmitters, law.invention, 1 km, Optics, law, 1527 to 1562 nm, Fiber laser, Wavelength-division multiplexing, Dispersion-shifted fiber, wavelength division multiplexing, spectrometers, high finesse fabry-perot resonator, Spectrometer, business.industry, tunable fiber-ring laser, absolute calibrated spectrometer, wdm systems, calibration, Laser, krypton filled absorption tube, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, wdm, transmitters, auxiliary signals, periodical filter, relative frequency accuracy, fabry-perot resonators, spectrometer accessories, calibrated optical spectrometer, dispersion shifted fiber, fiber ring laser, quasicontinuous tunable fiber-ring laser, business, measurement errors, high wavelength determination accuracy, laser tuning, Free spectral range
Abstract: A special tunable fiber-ring laser is introduced. With this laser as local oscillator, a calibrated optical spectrometer was realized, which allows the determination of the wavelength of all transmitters of a wavelet division multiplexing (WDM) system in one sweep. The system is based on a fiber ring laser including a high finesse Fabry-Perot resonator with a high free spectral range and a 1-km-long dispersion shifted fiber. To achieve a high wavelength determination accuracy two auxiliary signals are generated: one with a Krypton filled absorption tube and another with a simple, silica based, periodical filter. With that, the wavelength of every transmitter of a WDM signal can be determined with an absolute frequency accuracy of better than /spl plusmn/0.8 GHz in a range of 1527-1562 nm in one sweep. The relative frequency accuracy is better than /spl plusmn/0.3 GHz.
Published: 1997
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11. A mobile broad-band communication system based on mode-locked lasers

Author: K. Kruger, G. Grosskopf, C. von Helmolt, U. Kruger, and Publica
Subjects: optical fiber, cellular radio, Optical fiber, Optical power, semiconductor lasers, optical transmitters, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, optical fibre communication, millimeter-wave communication, 3 km, Optics, single-sideband phase noise, law, microwave optical-signal-processing techniques, Phase noise, optical modulators, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, optical power, optical information processing, broadband communication system, Physics, optical modulation, Radiation, bit-error-rate, Sideband, business.industry, downlink configuration, laser mode locking, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, 155 mbit/s, mode-locked lasers, 62.9 GHz, optical feeder lines, spectral harmonics, Optical modulator, pico-cellular network, digitally encoded rf signal, business, high-speed photodiodes, Microwave
Abstract: A concept is proposed for a pico-cellular network for broad-band mobile communication on a millimeter-wave basis. How microwave optical-signal-processing techniques based on mode-locked lasers (MLLs), optical modulators, and high-speed photo diodes (PD's) can advantageously be applied in the optical feeder lines of a pico-cellular network at 60 GHz is investigated. The external cavity MLL (at 81.25 GHz) used for the experiments showed a single-sideband (SSB) phase noise of -59 dBc/Hz at 100-Hz offset, when actively locked at 6.25 GHz. With the PD, and limited by the V-band mixer equipment, spectral harmonics up to 100 GHz could be detected. For the downlink configuration, a 400-MHz subcarrier is modulated with a 155-Mb/s data signal and upconverted to 62.9 GHz using an MLL and a fast PD. The upconverted sideband at 62.9 GHz was received with an optical power of -14.3-dBm at a bit-error-rate (BER) equal to 10/sup -9/ without any additional penalty due to transmitting the signal over 3 km of optical fiber. BER measurements at 155 Mb/s down to 10/sup -11/ were made. For the uplink, the digitally encoded RF signal is downconverted also by optical microwave signal processing. A 155-Mb/s data encoded 19.21-GHz signal is downconverted to 460 MHz using a mode-locked laser, an optical modulator, and a 600-MHz optical receiver front end. A receiver sensitivity of -24.5 dBm (BER equal to 10/sup -9/) is demonstrated with the microwave signal being transmitted over a 1-m radio link and 3 km of optical fiber.
Published: 1997
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12. Effects of quinapril on angiotensin converting enzyme and plasma renin activity as well as pharmacokinetic parameters of quinapril and its active metabolite, quinaprilat, after intravenous and oral administration to mature horses

Author: Jennifer Davis, D. H. LaFevers, Beth M. Barlow, K. Kruger, B. A. Breuhaus, and J. M. Schirmer
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Administration, Oral, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Pharmacology, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Plasma renin activity, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Quinaprilat, Pharmacokinetics, Oral administration, Internal medicine, Tetrahydroisoquinolines, Renin, medicine, Animals, Horses, Volume of distribution, biology, business.industry, Quinapril, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, General Medicine, Crossover study, Endocrinology, Area Under Curve, biology.protein, Administration, Intravenous, business, medicine.drug, Half-Life
Abstract: Summary Reasons for performing study Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors improve survival and quality of life in human patients and small animals with cardiovascular and renal disease. There is limited information regarding their effects in horses. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of quinapril and its effects on ACE and renin in horses. Study design Experimental study using healthy mature horses. Methods Six healthy horses were administered quinapril at 120 mg i.v., 120 mg per os and 240 mg per os in a 3-way crossover design. Blood was collected for measurement of quinapril and quinaprilat concentrations using ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Angiotensin converting enzyme activity and renin activity were measured using a radioenzymatic assay. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic modelling and statistical analyses were performed. Results No adverse effects were observed during the study period. Intravenous and oral administration significantly inhibited ACE activity. Renin concentrations increased in all groups, but this increase was not statistically significant. Following i.v. administration of quinapril, mean terminal half-life was 0.694 h and 1.734 h for quinapril and quinaprilat, respectively. The mean volume of distribution and clearance for quinapril were 0.242 l/kg bwt and 11.93 ml/kg bwt/min, respectively. Maximum concentration for quinaprilat was 145 ng/ml at 0.167 h. Bioavailability of quinapril following oral administration was
Published: 2013

13. Decentralized frequency stabilization scheme for a dense OFDM system involving simple filters and an absolute reference

Author: U. Kruger, R.A.J.C.M. van Gils, G. Depovere, K. Kruger, E. Pawlowski, C. von Helmolt, R.G.J.J. Witlox, and Publica
Subjects: Discriminator, absolute reference, optical films, grin lenses, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, gradient index optics, Automatic frequency control, Optical communication, simple optical filters, absolute stability, coupler-based michelson interferometers, optical transmitters, frequency division multiplexing, Frequency-division multiplexing, lenses, frequency control, Optics, optical couplers, dense ofdm system, frequency control scheme, michelson interferometers, Electronic engineering, Astronomical interferometer, silica based optical frequency discriminator, ofdm based optical crossconnect-demonstrator, optical filters, Optical filter, optical fibre networks, Mathematics, coated gradient-index lenses, business.industry, Transmitter, frequency-determining elements, cobra, transmitter frequency referencing, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, absolute reference frequency, decentralized frequency stabilization scheme, race 2065, business
Abstract: A frequency control scheme is introduced where within each transmitter its frequency is referenced to a silica based optical frequency discriminator, which in addition is locked to an absolute reference frequency. An absolute stability of /spl plusmn/1 GHz was achieved. As frequency-determining elements, coupler-based Michelson interferometers or coated gradient-index (GRIN) lenses were used. The described set-up is employed in an OFDM based optical crossconnect-demonstrator (RACE 2065; COBRA).
Published: 1996
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14. Simultaneous measurement of the linewidth, linewidth enhancement factor α, and FM and AM response of a semiconductor laser

Author: U. Kruger and K. Kruger
Subjects: Spectrum analyzer, Frequency response, Materials science, business.industry, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Semiconductor laser theory, Photodiode, law.invention, Amplitude modulation, Laser linewidth, Optics, law, business, Frequency modulation
Abstract: Using a commercially available computer controlled spectrum analyser with tracking generator, optical input section, and optical delay line it is possible to measure the linewidth, linewidth enhancement factor /spl alpha/, and FM and AM response of a semiconductor laser in one process. The determination of the linewidth yields also information about the frequency noise density and the determination of a delivers information about the nonlinear gain. Assuming an optical input power of 0 dBm, a laser linewidth 0.01% and FM deviations of about >10 MHz up to 20 GHz can be detected. >
Published: 1995
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15. Photon reconstruction in the ATLAS Inner Detector and Liquid Argon Barrel Calorimeter at the 2004 Combined Test Beam

Author: Davide Costanzo, Guillaume Unal, L. Cardiel Sas, P. Risso, Till Eifert, K. K. Gan, Evgeny Starchenko, Ilias Efthymiopoulos, Vadim Kostyukhin, Lidia Smirnova, Laurent Chevalier, Mauro Citterio, C. N. Marques, A. C. Le Bihan, Lydia Iconomidou-Fayard, Kerstin Jon-And, L. Louchard, D. M. Seliverstov, Milos Lokajicek, M. Mathes, J. Maneira, H. O. Danielsson, Z. Broklova, Oliver Keith Baker, C. J.W.P. Timmermans, Anna Kaczmarska, Jens Weingarten, S.B. Oleshko, Calin Alexa, M. V. Gallas, A.I. Fakhr-Edine, Robert Szczygiel, J. Petersen, Andrea Catinaccio, J. D. Hansen, Joaquin Poveda, Gvantsa Mchedlidze, Sebastien Binet, L. P. Says, S. De Cecco, Iacopo Vivarelli, Maia Mosidze, Nikolaos Konstantinidis, Igor Gavrilenko, D. Burckhart Chromek, Alexey Myagkov, Luc Poggioli, H. S. Chen, B. Di Girolamo, K. Facius, N. Shalanda, Carlos Lacasta, Alexander Solodkov, Irena Nikolic-Audit, T. N. Trinh, P. Cavalleri, G. Lehmann, Francesco Ragusa, V. Paolone, V. G. Bondarenko, Christian Schmitt, S. Y. Nesterov, P. J. Bell, Arnaud Lucotte, Michael Hance, Wolfgang Liebig, Roberto Ferrari, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Bettina Mikulec, Andrei Kazarov, G. Sauvage, S. Moed, Damir Lelas, Alexander Fenyuk, Didier Lacour, R. Febbraro, C. Troncon, E. Jansen, Didier Ferrere, S. Correard, A. Camard, S. Parzhitskiy, Marco Costa, V. Giakoumopoulou, Adrian Fabich, M. Canneri, N. Dressnandt, Frédéric Chevallier, A. Harvey, R. Mackeprang, S.P. Konovalov, John Parsons, Thomas Koffas, M. Lechowski, S. Wheeler, F. Tarrade, A. Dotti, Viktor Kramarenko, C. Haeberli, Pavel Tsiareshka, Peter Hansen, Per Johansson, K. Egorov, G. L. Glonti, M. Mangin-Brinet, S. Marti i Garcia, Philippe Farthouat, E. Bergeaas Kuutmann, Yury Ryabov, F. Tegenfeldt, I. Nikitine, Laurent Serin, Kaushik De, A. Ruiz, M. J. Price, Henric George Wilkens, M. El Kacimi, Zhaoxia Meng, Peter Kodys, Dimitrios Fassouliotis, Ph. Schwemling, Jochen Schieck, Hrachya Hakobyan, Kelby Anderson, Marco Delmastro, Fridolin Dittus, Bertrand Laforge, Troels Petersen, M Cavalli Sforza, Serkant Ali Cetin, Tomas Davidek, Sandrine Laplace, Yuri Kulchitsky, M. D. Ciobotaru, Sascha Mehlhase, G. Filippini, A. Henriques, Isabelle Wingerter-Seez, Jemal Khubua, V. Boldea, Christopher Lester, C. Puigdengoles, Francis Anghinolfi, Laura Perini, Rupert Leitner, S. V. Morozov, Benedetto Gorini, A. Munar, D. R. Rust, Martin Aleksa, Frederic Derue, Emmanuel Monnier, Amelia Maio, Marumi Kado, Tobias Golling, M. Kataoka, R. J. Hawkings, F. Martin, Dave Robinson, F.E.W. Heinemann, A. Corso Radu, Remi Lafaye, Marc Dobson, Arno Straessner, Giorgi Arabidze, James Pilcher, K. Benslama, F. Podlyski, K. J. Grahn, Thijs Cornelissen, O. Saltó, Luis Hervas, S. Kovalenko, Leonardo Carminati, T. Shin, Paolo Francavilla, Fares Djama, T. Henss, Fabrizio Parodi, Alexandre Rozanov, A. Khomich, P. Cwetanski, Bengt Lund-Jensen, Ole Røhne, Claudio Santoni, G. Gorfine, Heidi Sandaker, M. Volpi, S. V. Mouraviev, T. N. Addy, Zhijun Liang, R. Froeschl, M. Hurwitz, M. Tyndel, Joao Saraiva, Pascal Pralavorio, Imma Riu, A. V. Zenin, L. Di Ciaccio, B. Lundberg, P. Schwemling, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, John Hill, Anna Lipniacka, Stefan Simion, Shaun Roe, Z. Hajduk, Enrico Pasqualucci, Antonio Onofre, J. Virzi, L.G. Kudin, Tadeusz Kowalski, Wainer Vandelli, Philip Phillips, M. Gruwe, R. Petti, M. Thioye, Giovanni Darbo, Tancredi Carli, S. Patrichev, J. Callahan, L. Pribyl, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, Koji Nakamura, G. F. Moorhead, Andrea Negri, Bartosz Mindur, D. Fergusson, O. Le Dortz, Francois Vazeille, K. W. McFarlane, E.W.J. Moyse, O. Solovianov, E. Arik, Nikos Giokaris, P. Adragna, S. Gameiro, Andreas Salzburger, Y. Vetter-Cole, Y. V. Grishkevich, K. Nikolaev, M. J. Goodrick, J. Lellouch, T. Kittelmann, Driss Goujdami, J. Schultes, Catalin Meirosu, T. Atkinson, David Calvet, D. Emelyanov, N. Grigalashvili, Christoph Rembser, Didier Imbault, S. Paganis, L. Santi, E. Chareyre, João Carvalho, G. Khoriauli, R. Haertel, Dominik Dannheim, Mogens Dam, S.I. Suchkov, P. T. Keener, B. Salvachua, Louis Fayard, Gary Drake, Anatoli Romaniouk, Philippe Grenier, M. Schaefer, Gokhan Unel, Maarten Boonekamp, Andrey Karyukhin, G. D. Kekelidze, Z. Drásal, P. Gagnon, F. Vannucci, P. Lichard, R. Cherkaoui, Giulio Usai, K. Kruger, C. Guicheney, J.B. de Vivie, I. Hruska, Daniel Passos da Silva, Ning Zhou, P. Nechaeva, Douglas Benjamin, S. Stancu, Fairouz Malek, C. Shaw, Anna Sfyrla, Srinivasan Rajagopalan, Irene Vichou, Tristan Beau, Francesco Tartarelli, Wouter Hulsbergen, Z. Zenonos, F. Sarri, Jolanta Olszowska, Vincenzo Cavasinni, Harold Ogren, Chiara Meroni, Vladimir Ryjov, Daniel Fournier, K. F. Loureiro, Daniel Dobos, M. Joos, Valery Schegelsky, A. Manousakis, V. Perez Reale, Hong Ma, Fabrice Hubaut, Martine Bosman, Sergio Gonzalez-Sevilla, Hugh Williams, F. Vernocchi, P. S. Wells, Sofia Chouridou, Antonio Ferrer, R. Beccherle, L. Vasilyeva, Armen Vartapetian, Yoshiji Yasu, F. Luehring, E. B. Klinkby, L. Mandelli, D. Prieur, Anne-Isabelle Etienvre, Seog Oh, Pavel Reznicek, N. P. Gollub, Hans Peter Beck, Marc Weber, E. Abat, A. Gomes, Patrick Puzo, Daniel Froidevaux, P. Conde Muiño, V. Sosnovtsev, S. Bordoni, Stefan Valkar, D. Cauz, Stanislav Nemecek, Paula Eerola, R. Garcia, S. V. Kopikov, Joern Grosse-Knetter, Alexander Zaitsev, Dominique Pallin, E. Fullana, F. M. Newcomer, Alevtina Shmeleva, T. Zenis, Marina Cobal, Oleg Fedin, M. D. M. Capeans Garrido, Fabian Huegging, Victor Maleev, D. Banfi, Francesco Spanò, Joao Seixas, Irakli Minashvili, I. Jen-La Plante, I. Reisinger, Carlo Schiavi, M. Mazzanti, Evgeniy Khramov, P.-O. Defay, Driss Benchekroun, Szymon Gadomski, José Bernabéu, B. Pinto, A. Zhelezko, M. Caprini, Alberto Valero, T. Del Prete, B. Belhorma, A. G. Clark, Amir Farbin, M. Cascella, Walter Lampl, E. Higon, Reiner Klingenberg, J. Hoffman, Lydia Roos, Sylvain Tisserant, D. Cavalli, Serban Constantinescu, Carlos Escobar, Yahya Tayalati, M. Fanti, Claudia Gemme, S. Jorgensen, Vladimir Vinogradov, Boris Dolgoshein, N. Ghodbane, S. Kolos, Michal Suk, Fabienne Ledroit-Guillon, C. Padilla Aranda, S. Baron, M. Simonyan, M R M Warren, M. Dameri, M.V. Castillo, S. Dita, Melissa Ridel, H. Bertelsen, José Luís da Silva, S. Yu Smirnov, J. Sloper, David Francis, Susanne Kersten, M.D. Gomez, J. Schwindling, E. Cogneras, J. Ocariz, Tobias Flick, David Rousseau, J. Del, Paolo Morettini, C. Santamarina, M. Consonni, Francesco Lanni, Ilya Korolkov, Robert McPherson, Anthony Weidberg, Chunjie Wang, Pamela Ferrari, N. Kerschen, J-Y. Hostachy, G. Marchiori, Vasiliki A Mitsou, T. Goettfert, A. Ahmad, Kevin Einsweiler, Anupam Gupta, G. Schlager, A. Khristachev, B. Dekhissi, Igor Soloviev, S.M. Passmored, Joleen Pater, Vladimir Tikhomirov, Guido Gagliardi, V. Giangiobbe, Marzio Nessi, Kendall Reeves, Jalal Abdallah, B. Toczek, M.Karagoez. Unel, W. L. Ebenstein, G. Costa, Huaqiao Zhang, Petr Tas, Alan Poppleton, B.C. Ferreira, Livio Mapelli, T. Vu Anh, P. Gerlach, John Baines, Per Werner, C. Driouchi, J. M. Joseph, V. N. Bychkov, Sophie Trincaz-Duvoid, Kazuhiko Hara, M. Wiessmann, J. Pina, Robert Stanek, Attilio Andreazza, Nikolai Rusakovich, F. Kayumov, C. A. Solans, David Milstead, B. Cleland, R. Van Berg, J. G. Drohan, J. Schlereth, M. Aharrouche, Chiara Roda, Claire Bourdarios, Tommaso Lari, C. Biscarat, Tamar Djobava, Richard Teuscher, A. Antonaki, L. Tremblet, M. Peez, Mieczyslaw Witold Krasny, A.V. Nadtochi, S. Cuneo, Bruce Gallop, Markus Elsing, J. Weber, G. Calderini, Carmen García, P. A. Bruckman de Renstrom, V. Mialkovski, D. Pantea, J.A. Valls, Alan Barr, Timothée Theveneaux-Pelzer, P. Speckmayer, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ATLAS, Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Clark, Allan Geoffrey, Ferrere, Didier, Gadomski, Szymon, Diaz-Gomez, Manuel, Mangin-Brinet, Mariane, Mikulec, Bettina, Moed, Shulamit, Riu Dachs, Inmaculada, Sfyrla, Anna, Vu Anh, Tuan, ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universidade do Minho
Subjects: Photon, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Físicas, transition radiation detectors, calorimeters, large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, particle tracking detectors, solid-state detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais], Transition radiation detectors, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Nuclear physics, Calorimeters, Optics, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Wafer, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, Calorimeter, medicine.anatomical_structure, Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors), High Energy Physics::Experiment, business, Energy (signal processing), Beam (structure)
Abstract: The reconstruction of photons in the ATLAS detector is studied with data taken during the 2004 Combined Test Beam, where a full slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to beams of particles of known energy at the CERN SPS. The results presented show significant differences in the longitudinal development of the electromagnetic shower between converted and unconverted photons as well as in the total measured energy. The potential to use the reconstructed converted photons as a means to precisely map the material of the tracker in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter is also considered. All results obtained are compared with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation of the test-beam setup which is based on the same simulation and reconstruction tools as those used for the ATLAS detector itself., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2011
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16. Direct electric curing of concrete

Author: K. Kruger, S. Bredenkamp, and G. L. Bredenkamp
Subjects: Engineering, Maximum temperature, business.industry, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, law.invention, Portland cement, law, General Materials Science, Electric current, Composite material, business, Joule heating, Curing (chemistry), Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Direct electric curing (DEC) of concrete is a process by which alternating electric current is passed through the bulk of freshly poured Portland cement concrete to acceleratethe curing process by means of direct ohmic heating. Electric JieM strengths, ranging approximately from 300 to 500 V/m, are required. Ris process leads to signiJicantly higher preliminary (8 hours) crushing strengths. The ultimate (28 days) strength is under suspicion, however. The Authors have investighted the influence of the maximum temperature reached, the energy input (kWh/m3), and the rate of energy input (kW/m3)on the preliminary and ultimate strengths of the concrete. It is concluded that the DEC technique is technically and economically viable, and warrants further development.
Published: 1993
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17. Arc motion and burn through in GIS

Author: W.A. Boeck and K. Kruger
Subjects: business.industry, Material Erosion, Electrical engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Mechanics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Geology
Abstract: It is pointed out that two different mechanisms are effective for the burn-through process of GIS (gas insulated substation) encapsulation by an internal arc during an in-service fault: the material erosion by melting and evaporation and the weakening of the material by heating. Depending on the arc motion one of these mechanisms may be dominant. Hitherto inexplicable motions of the arc are explained; especially the arc rotation at a spacer and the axial motion in case of symmetrical current feeding. These considerations are confirmed by experimental results and experience from industry, and they result in some recommendations for the design and the protection concept. >
Published: 1992
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18. The ATLAS TRT barrel detector

Author: M Scandurra, K. W. McFarlane, O Rø hne, K. Egorov, L. Cardiel Sas, A. Harvey, R. Mackeprang, S.P. Konovalov, T. N. Addy, Oliver Keith Baker, H Blampey, M. P. Goulette, Y. F. Ryabov, John Alison, E G Novodvorski, B. Kisielewski, Vadim Issakov, Mogens Dam, S. V. Mouraviev, R Chritin, S Lokwitz, A. Placci, F Perez-Gomez, R. Petti, W Ostrowicz, B. Lundberg, Serguei Sivoklokov, Francis Anghinolfi, Byeong Rok Ko, E. B. Klinkby, Ruslan Mashinistov, E. Sedykh, S. Kovalenko, Vladimir Sulin, Valery Schegelsky, Victor Maleev, James Saxon, E. Arik, Eric David, C Bault, J. Bendotti, S. V. Morozov, V. N. Bychkov, F. M. Newcomer, Jolanta Olszowska, D. M. Seliverstov, N. Dixon, D. Whittington, Oleg Fedin, John Penwell, Jan Godlewski, H. O. Danielsson, Robert Szczygiel, C. Wang, John-Bjarne Hansen, Vladimir Ryjov, Ulrik Egede, P. Farthouat, M Bochenek, Igor Gavrilenko, N. Becerici, N. Grigalashvili, Hal Evans, E. Abat, A High, O. B. Dogan, Oxana Smirnova, B. Di Girolamo, G A Hare, C. Hauviller, S Lucas, B. C. LeGeyt, Wouter Hulsbergen, T. Kittelmann, A-C Le Bihan, S. Yu. Smirnov, J. Degenhardt, A S Kapliy, F Kayumov, A. Zhelezko, M S Passmore, Peter Hansen, N. Ghodbane, A. A. Savenkov, Elzbieta Banas, Serhat Istin, P. Lichard, G. D. Kekelidze, F. F. Martin, H. O. Ogren, Peter Wagner, P. T. Keener, M Mandl, Laura Jeanty, I Gousakov, Paul Tipton, Pauline Gagnon, Stefan Koperny, Arnaud Lucotte, E Morris, B M Mills, Alevtina Shmeleva, P. Cwetanski, S. Subramania, Tadeusz Kowalski, E. M. Khabarova, Thomas Koffas, H. H. Williams, David Rousseau, A. J. Fowler, Seog Oh, K. Kruger, H. Bertelsen, P Smith, Fridolin Dittus, Viktor Kramarenko, S. Y. Nesterov, T. Shin, N. Dressnandt, Troels Petersen, T Chandler, F. Luehring, N V Klopov, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, J. A. Valls Ferrer, Daniel Froidevaux, Z. Hajduk, V. Sosnovtsev, Vipul Jain, N V Kondratieva, Ahmet Bingul, D. R. Rust, Jan-Ulf Mjörnmark, M. P. Schmidt, Andrea Bocci, C. W. Loh, A. Lindahl, Christoph Rembser, M. J. Price, K Levterov, Serkant Ali Cetin, V Lisan, S Katounine, Metin Arik, M B Reilly, R. Wall, V. G. Bondarenko, Christian Schmitt, G. Atoian, O Novgorodova, Michael Hance, Vladimir Peshekhonov, Dominick Olivito, F Hansen, A. Poblaguev, A. Muir, D. P. Benjamin, G Sprachmann, Lidia Smirnova, B. Auerbach, A. J. Martin, S.B. Oleshko, S I Suchkov, M Söderberg, J. Callahan, A Fry, G. G. Hanson, C Kline, A. Munar, Anatoli Romaniouk, G M Mayers, Vasiliki A Mitsou, V. Mialkovski, A. Manara, B. Dolgoshein, J. Grognuz, A.V. Nadtochi, S. Patrichev, A Beddall, Bartosz Mindur, M C Long, Vadim Kantserov, S. Baron, X. Pons, Giuseppe Francesco Tartarelli, Paula Eerola, E Danilevich, M. D. M. Capeans Garrido, Vladimir Tikhomirov, Ryan Reece, H. Korsmo, W. L. Ebenstein, Y. V. Grishkevich, W Huta, Andrea Catinaccio, Nikolay Nikitin, L.G. Kudin, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, Konstantin Zhukov, L. Vassilieva, S Lobastov, Benjamin Kaplan, M I Scherzer, A. Khristachev, S. Fratina, A. Loginov, Göran Jarlskog, A J Beddall, C. Driouchi, R. Van Berg, Evelyn Thomson, Doğuş Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, TR3959, Çetin, Serkant Ali, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ATLAS
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Barrel (horology), Transition radiation detectors, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Particle identification methods, Optics, Atlas (anatomy), Particle tracking detectors, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transition radiation, Measuring instrument, High Energy Physics::Experiment, business
Abstract: Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author) The ATLAS TRT barrel is a tracking drift chamber using 52,544 individual tubular drift tubes. It is one part of the ATLAS Inner Detector, which consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4 to 20 cm, the semiconductor tracker (SCT) from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker (TRT) from 56 to 108 cm. The TRT barrel covers the central pseudo-rapidity region |η| 1, and the TRT while endcaps cover the forward and backward eta regions. These TRT systems provide a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the recently-completed construction of the TRT Barrel detector, including the quality control procedures used in the fabrication of the detector.
Published: 2008
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19. The ATLAS TRT end-cap detectors

Author: H. O. Ogren, Peter Wagner, Lidia Smirnova, Tadeusz Kowalski, Dominick Olivito, B. Auerbach, Giuseppe Francesco Tartarelli, F Hansen, E. B. Klinkby, A. J. Martin, S.B. Oleshko, H. O. Danielsson, S I Suchkov, A. Poblaguev, Robert Szczygiel, W. L. Ebenstein, V. Mialkovski, E. Abat, A. Muir, J. Bendotti, Igor Gavrilenko, N. Becerici, Paula Eerola, Y. V. Grishkevich, C Kline, A Lindahl, A. Munar, B. Di Girolamo, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, E Danilevich, A. Harvey, M. D. M. Capeans Garrido, R. Mackeprang, S.P. Konovalov, A. Manara, Byeong Rok Ko, Anatoli Romaniouk, S. Y. Nesterov, P. T. Keener, M. P. Goulette, Vadim Issakov, M Scandurra, F Perez-Gomez, B. A. Dolgoshein, S Katounine, P Smith, R Chritin, N V Kondratieva, Ahmet Bingul, D. R. Rust, Jan-Ulf Mjörnmark, E David, L. Cardiel Sas, Metin Arik, Ruslan Mashinistov, A. Khristachev, S Lucas, N. Dressnandt, B. C. LeGeyt, V. Sosnovtsev, Vladimir Tikhomirov, D. M. Seliverstov, Fridolin Dittus, M. P. Schmidt, A High, S. Fratina, A S Kapliy, M B Reilly, A. Loginov, Vipul Jain, E. M. Khabarova, R. Wall, A Fry, Oliver Keith Baker, Oxana Smirnova, B. Lundberg, S. Yu. Smirnov, H. H. Williams, V. G. Bondarenko, Christian Schmitt, John Alison, Andrea Bocci, G. Atoian, Göran Jarlskog, A J Beddall, H. Bertelsen, O Novgorodova, M Mandl, V Lisan, Michael Hance, C. Driouchi, G A Hare, S. V. Mouraviev, K. Egorov, James Saxon, Ryan Reece, F Kayumov, G M Mayers, Serguei Sivoklokov, K. Kruger, Vladimir Peshekhonov, M. J. Price, Vasiliki A Mitsou, J. Grognuz, H. Korsmo, Jan Godlewski, P. Lichard, C. W. Loh, S Lobastov, V. N. Bychkov, N. Dixon, T. Shin, K Levterov, D. P. Benjamin, Benjamin Kaplan, M I Scherzer, Vladimir Sulin, Serkant Ali Cetin, N V Klopov, M Söderberg, T. N. Addy, H Blampey, Y. F. Ryabov, A.V. Nadtochi, J. Callahan, K. W. McFarlane, Mogens Dam, F. Luehring, O Rø hne, Arnaud Lucotte, Daniel Froidevaux, A. Placci, T Chandler, G Sprachmann, M S Passmore, E. Sedykh, C Bault, S. V. Morozov, W Huta, P. Farthouat, I Gousakov, R. Van Berg, M C Long, B M Mills, Andrea Catinaccio, Evelyn Thomson, Peter Hansen, E Morris, Nikolay Nikitin, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, Ulrik Egede, Z. Hajduk, Jolanta Olszowska, E G Novodvorski, B. Kisielewski, P. Cwetanski, Laura Jeanty, Victor Maleev, Vadim Kantserov, N. Grigalashvili, A. J. Fowler, S. Baron, C. Hauviller, Oleg Fedin, X. Pons, M Bochenek, F. M. Newcomer, Francis Anghinolfi, S Lokwitz, G. D. Kekelidze, F. F. Martin, L.G. Kudin, W Ostrowicz, C. Wang, Konstantin Zhukov, L. Vassilieva, P. Gagnon, John Penwell, Hal Evans, E. Arik, Christoph Rembser, S. Patrichev, A Beddall, Bartosz Mindur, N. Ghodbane, A. A. Savenkov, Paul Tipton, John-Bjarne Hansen, Stefan Koperny, Seog Oh, Wouter Hulsbergen, O. B. Dogan, A. Zhelezko, David Rousseau, Valery Schegelsky, D. Whittington, Vladimir Ryjov, Serhat Istin, Daniel Dobos, J. D. Hansen, J. Degenhardt, Elzbieta Banas, Alevtina Shmeleva, R. Petti, S. Kovalenko, S. Subramania, Thomas Koffas, Viktor Kramarenko, Troels Petersen, J. A. Valls Ferrer, T. Kittelmann, A-C Le Bihan, Doğuş Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, TR3959, Çetin, Serkant Ali, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ATLAS
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Barrel (horology), Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Optics, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Particle Tracking Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Transition radiation detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transition radiation, Measuring instrument, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Large Detector Systems for Particle and Astroparticle Physics, business, Transition Radiation Detectors
Abstract: The ATLAS TRT end-cap is a tracking drift chamber using 245,760 individual tubular drift tubes. It is a part of the TRT tracker which consist of the barrel and two end-caps. The TRT end-caps cover the forward and backward pseudo-rapidity region 1.0 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.0, while the TRT barrel central eta region vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.0. The TRT system provides a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes ( or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. Along with other two sub-systems, namely the Pixel detector and Semi Conductor Tracker (SCT), the TRT constitutes the ATLAS Inner Detector. This paper describes the recently completed and installed TRT end-cap detectors, their design, assembly, integration and the acceptance tests applied during the construction.
Published: 2008
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20. Hoarseness due to bamboo nodes in patients with autoimmune diseases: a review of literature

Author: B. Toleti, E. Hilgert, I. Nejedlo, and K. Kruger
Subjects: Larynx, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Sound Spectrography, Voice Quality, Laryngoscopy, Video Recording, Vocal Cords, Autoimmune Diseases, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, Laryngeal Diseases, Speech and Hearing, medicine, Humans, Stroboscopy, Mixed Connective Tissue Disease, Hoarseness, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Cysts, Standard treatment, Middle Aged, LPN and LVN, Dermatology, Voice therapy (transgender), Surgery, Regimen, Laryngeal Disorder, medicine.anatomical_structure, Voice Training, Otorhinolaryngology, Vocal folds, Female, business
Abstract: Summary This is a retrospective report on clinical features, laryngoscopic examinations, and follow-up markers of laryngeal manifestation described as bamboo nodes in three female patients with transverse cystic lesions of the vocal folds, treated with logopedic therapy. This study examines logopedic and phoniatric aspects in patients with submucosal "bamboo joint-like nodes" of both vocal folds, and reveals an improvement of different voice quality features after conservative traditional voice therapy. There still exists no standard treatment regimen in patients with rheumatoid disease of the larynx; a lack of consensus is most evident in the role of voice therapy. We would like to emphasize the favorable impact of logopedic therapy in benign laryngeal disorders with underlying autoimmune diseases.
Published: 2006

21. Performance of the H1 fast track trigger - operation and commissioning results

Author: Paul Newman, K. Kruger, A.W. Jung, J. Muller, M. Kolander, C. Kleinwort, D.P. Brown, J. Naumann, S. D. Kolya, V. Michels, Michael R. Wessels, M.-O. Boenig, Y.H. Fleming, C. Wissing, D. Meer, André Schöning, Nicolas Berger, D. Dodt, Dave Sankey, Wenbiao Yan, A. Baird, R. Weber, S. Baumgartner, Dario Müller, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, D. Mercer, and R. Baldingert
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Track (disk drive), PowerPC, HERA, Content-addressable memory, law.invention, Gigabit, law, Content-addressable storage, Fast track, business, Collider, Computer hardware
Abstract: The H1 experiment at the electron-proton collider HERA has built a new fast track trigger to increase the selectivity for exclusive final states, especially those with heavy quarks, and to cope with the higher background rates after the HERA luminosity upgrade. Hits measured in the central jet chamber of H1 are combined to track segments by performing 5 middot 1012 mask comparisons per second using content addressable memories (CAMs). These segments are collected and transmitted via 5 Gbit/s LVDS links to custom made multipurpose processing boards, where they get linked and reconstructed to three dimensional tracks within 20 mus. On the third level resonances are identified in 100 mus by a farm of PowerPC boards. Since 2005 the FTT level one has replaced the existing drift chamber trigger and is the major track trigger of the H1 experiment. In order to further increase the selectivity the second level has started to operate. First analyses of the data show that also the second level fulfills the design specifications
Published: 2005
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22. Design and baseline characteristics of the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels (SPARCL) study

Author: Wayne M. Clark, Gretchen E. Tietjen, Roman L. Haberl, Kennedy R. Lees, Jonathan Harris, Dolores Jimenez, Howard S. Kirshner, Thomas A. Kent, Thomas Chippendale, Umberto Senin, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, J. A. Haas, Aida Lago, Michael G. Hennerici, Philip M.W. Bath, Gregory W. Albers, Sean C. Orr, Steven Goldstein, Frederick Munschauer, Paul McDowell, Ashfaq Shuaib, Henrik Sillesen, Lance Kim, Alfred Callahan, Michael Winger, Peter J. Koudstaal, Gerhard F. Hamann, Barry Hendin, Joseph P. Broderick, Marshall Nash, Nordeli Estronza, Lutz Harms, Keyser de Keyser, Geoffrey Dorman, Francis E. McGee, Reinhold Schmidt, Walter Carlini, Jose Vivancos, Ángel Chamorro, Richard B. Libman, Gerald Ratinov, George Dooneief, Kenneth Levin, John W. Norris, Christoph Schmidauer, David E. Thaler, Piero Verro, A. K. Kruger, Thomas de Broucker, Christopher Calder, Neil E Anderson, Lodovico Frattola, Ralf W. Baumgartner, Brett C. Meyer, Alejandro M. Forteza, Greg Collins, Gleen Graham, Nicola Canal, J. L. Wilterdink, Scott E. Kasner, Lucy Younger Dirr-Ledbetter, Alireza Minagar, Philip Teal, Wayne Harper, Don Smith, Enefioke Ben Ekpo, Herman Sullivan, Loic Milandre, Keith Hoyte, J. Carr, Patricia H. Davis, C. Diener, James L. Frey, François Chollet, Antonio Capurso, Joshua Hollander, E. Bemd Ringelstein, Robert Côté, Wolf-Dieter Heiss, Denis Crimmins, Stephen M. Davis, Richard Singer, Thierry Moulin, Thomas Devlin, Gary Friday, Russell S. Scott, Otto Busse, Souvik Sen, Matias Guiu, Pierre Amarenco, Carlo Gandolfo, Seemant Chaturvedi, Markku Kaste, R. Scott Duff, Jose Antonio Egido, J. Gardiner, Michael Tuchman, David Uskavitch, Richard Weinstein, Irfan Altafullah, Richard Hinton, Luís Cunha, Oscar Benavente, Antonio Dávalos, Roelfe Dijkhuizen, David Gilles, G. de Jong, Julien Bogousslavsky, David C. Hess, Michael Beaudry, Juhani Sivenius, Richard M. Zweifler, Scott Silliman, Chung Y. Hsu, Richard Munson, Bruno Pramsohler, Daniel Selchen, Virgilio D. Salanga, Didier Leys, Simon Dimmit, Ronald S. MacWalter, Judy Frayne, Heinrich Mattie, Etienne Roullet, Marie Hélène Mahagne, Alvarez Sabin, José M. Ferro, Marian P. LaMonte, Michele Zito, Jerome Goldstein, Richard L. Hughes, Arthur Dick, Diane S. Book, Michael Frankel, Angelo Mamoli, Ralph Vicari, Anna Wagner, David Spence, Louise Hélène Lebrun, Bruce M. Coull, Andreas Terént, Gagrath Pradeep Singh, and Denis Simard
Subjects: Research design, Male, Atorvastatin, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Secondary Prevention, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Cholesterol, Neurology, Research Design, Cardiology, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, medicine.drug, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Statin, medicine.drug_class, Endpoint Determination, 03 medical and health sciences, Double-Blind Method, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pyrroles, cardiovascular diseases, Aged, business.industry, Patient Selection, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, chemistry, Heptanoic Acids, Neurology (clinical), Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Evidence suggests that statin therapy reduces the risk of stroke in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), but its benefit for patients with cerebrovascular disease and no history of CHD remains uncertain. The Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Study is a prospective, multi-centre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial designed to evaluate the effects of atorvastatin 80 mg/day in patients who previously experienced a stroke or transient ischaemic attack, but who have no known CHD. A total of 4,732 patients have been enrolled, and the data collection phase of the study is expected to be completed by October 2004. SPARCL is the first study primarily designed to prospectively evaluate the effect of statin treatment in secondary stroke prevention.
Published: 2003

23. Optical microwave generation and transmission experiments in the 12 and 60 GHz-region for wireless communications

Author: G. Grosskopf, U. Kruger, K. Kruger, F. Schmidt, D. Rohde, C. von Helmolt, and Ralf-Peter Braun
Subjects: Physics, Broadband networks, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS, Physics::Optics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Digital radio, Microwave transmission, Transmission (telecommunications), Hardware_GENERAL, Bit error rate, Optoelectronics, Wireless, Radio frequency, business, Microwave
Abstract: The optical generation and transmission of microwave radio signals is important for future broadband wireless communications. For the first time, bit error ratio measurements were carried out successfully in optical multichannel and single channel transmission experiments at radio frequencies of 12 GHz and 60 GHz, respectively.
Published: 2002
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24. Microwave fiber-optic downconverter

Author: K. Kruger, U. Kruger, and C. von Helmolt
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, business.industry, Broadband networks, Physics::Optics, Photodetector, Laser, Signal, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, Optics, Mode-locking, law, Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture, business, Microwave
Abstract: In future mobile broadband communication systems, optical fiber will be an attractive means of connecting the mobile switching centre (MSG) with the base stations. In the uplink configuration a downconversion of the microwave signal by mixing is required, which might be attractive to be done optically. We demonstrate experimentally the downconverter function of a mode-locked laser (MLL) with an optical intensity modulator and a photodetector (PD) in the uplink configuration.
Published: 2002
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25. Optimal control for fast boiler start-up based on a nonlinear model and considering the thermal stress on thick-walled components

Author: M. Rode, R. Franke, and K. Kruger
Subjects: Control valves, Engineering, Temperature control, Economizer, Pressure control, business.industry, Control theory, Boiler (power generation), Quadratic programming, Optimal control, business, Superheater
Abstract: The basis for control optimization is a nonlinear model for a high-pressure bypass and a drum-type boiler consisting of furnace, economizer, evaporator, superheaters, attemperator, and thick-walled components such as boiler drum and superheater header. After the mathematical formulation of the boiler start-up optimization problem and the cost function, including the related hard constraints (e.g. control bounds and thermal stress limits), the optimal reference and input control is calculated using successive quadratic programming techniques. Results of the optimization process are optimal reference values for the boiler firing rate, steam pressure and steam temperature, and the positioning of the control valves for attemperator and high-pressure bypass during the start-up phase. The control structure applied minimizes both the fuel consumption and start-up time of the boiler and is similar to a model-following control application.
Published: 2002
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26. System connection of very large variable speed drives for compressor purposes

Author: K. Kruger, R. Witzmann, M. Loskam, and C. Unger
Subjects: Variable (computer science), Engineering, Power rating, Control theory, business.industry, Harmonics, High voltage, Control engineering, Transient (oscillation), Grid, business, Gas compressor, Connection (mathematics)
Abstract: For environmental as well as for economic reasons, large compressors with a power rating of 10 MW and more are increasingly fed by electric variable speed drives. The connection of such drives to the public medium or high voltage grid requires a thorough consideration of the entire system mainly in respect to voltage stability and harmonics to avoid any disturbances of adjacent loads. The paper summarizes the basic operational behaviour of such compressor drives with special consideration of system perturbations. Using examples from recently commissioned plants, possible mitigation measures as well as general experiences are presented. To ensure that everytime certain limits for system disturbances will be met, filters have to be coordinated with actual and future system conditions taking into account possible outage as well as loading conditions of the feeding grid. The consideration of transient disturbances such as starting or stopping the drive are important especially for the design of the auxiliaries. Examples from simulations show typical problems which have to be taken into account.
Published: 2001
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27. Optical microwave generation and transmission experiments in the 12- and 60-GHz region for wireless communications

Author: D. Trommer, F. Schmidt, Ronald Kaiser, U. Kruger, R. Stenzel, G. Grosskopf, Helmut Heidrich, C. von Helmolt, D. Rohde, K. Kruger, Ralf-Peter Braun, and Publica
Subjects: Materials science, optic/millimeter-wave converter, 140 mbit/s, 12 GHz, Physics::Optics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, semiconductor lasers, 58 to 70 GHz, law.invention, Semiconductor laser theory, optical fibre communication, law, optical spectral line, microwave links, single-channel system, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, semiconductor laser, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, millimeter-wave radio signal, 70 mbit/s, multichannel system, Radiation, optical microwave transmission, bit-error-rate, business.industry, Optical cross-connect, Electrical engineering, optical microwave generation, heterodyning, radio-over-fiber system, laser mode locking, Optical performance monitoring, millimetre wave generation, mode-locked laser, Condensed Matter Physics, Laser, wireless communication, data transmission, 155 mbit/s, Transmission (telecommunications), mobile radio, Optoelectronics, Radio frequency, monolithically integrated tunable optical-signal source, business, data communication, Microwave, Data transmission
Abstract: Experiments on the optical generation and transmission of millimeter-wave radio signals are reported. The millimeter-wave signals are generated by heterodyning the optical spectral lines of a mode-locked laser (MLL) or of two or more semiconductor lasers at an optic/millimeter-wave converter (OMC). 70-, 140-, and 155-Mb/s data transmission experiments have been carried out successfully in optical single-channel and multichannel systems at radio frequencies of 12 GHz and 58-70 GHz. Bit-error-rate measurements yielded error-free transmission and no error floor was observed. A monolithically integrated tunable optical-signal source was developed and used for generating the millimeter-wave signals. This technology promises a high cost-saving potential for applications in radio-over-fiber systems.
Published: 1998

28. Wavelength Manager Covering the EDFA-Band and Capable of Controlling Hundereds of Transmitters

Author: U. Kruger, C. R. Batchellor, K. Kruger, C. v. Helmolt, and U. Nagengast
Subjects: Optical amplifier, Engineering, business.industry, Absolute frequency, Optical communication, Overlay, Transmission system, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Wavelength, Optics, Wavelength-division multiplexing, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: A wavelength manager has been developed for the BBC demonstrator of the RACE project R 2065. In this project a multichannel coherent-detection transmission system has been implemented as an overlay to an existing WDM-system. The wavelength manager has an observation range of more than 40 nm and a resolution of better than 1.5 GHz. The absolute frequency accuracy was measured to be better than ± 2.5 GHz between 1525 nm and 1565 nm.
Published: 1997
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29. 58 GHz fibre optic upconverter

Author: K. Kruger, C. von Helmolt, U. Kruger, L. Kuller, and Publica
Subjects: Optical fiber, Materials science, data signal, mm-wave subcarrier modulation, Optical modulation amplitude, Subcarrier, law.invention, optical fibre communication, Optics, 1 km, law, fibre optic upconverter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, mode locked laser, optical fibre transmission, Optical amplifier, optical modulation, error free reception, business.industry, Optical cross-connect, optical frequency conversion, 58 GHz, Fibre optic gyroscope, Laser, 155 mbit/s, Transmission (telecommunications), business
Abstract: A 2 GHz subcarrier is modulated with a 155 Mbit/s data signal and upconverted to 58 GHz using a mode locked laser. After transmission over 1 km of optical fibre an error free reception is shown.
Published: 1996

30. 58-GHz fiber-optic upconverter applicable to wireless communication systems

Author: L. Kuller, K. Kruger, C. von Helmolt, and U. Kruger
Subjects: Physics, Parallel optical interface, Multi-mode optical fiber, Optics, Fiber optic sensor, business.industry, Fiber optic splitter, Dispersion-shifted fiber, Polarization-maintaining optical fiber, Plastic optical fiber, business, Fiber-optic communication
Abstract: Summary form only given. In this paper we show, to our knowledge for the first time, the error-free reception of a 155 Mbit/s signal transmitted over 1 km of optical fiber and upconverted to 58 GHz by optoelectronic conversion using a mode-locked laser (MLL).
Published: 1996
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31. New technologies to support catheter ablation of

Author: V.Y.R. Reddy, Lucie Sediva, S. Castrejon, R.J. van der Geest, Jan Skoda, Eli S. Gang, S. Horakova, David Doiny, F. Sacher, Caterina Bisceglia, Jan Petru, C. F. B. Van Huls Van Taxis, Nicola Trevisi, Ravi Ranjan, J. D. Schuijff, José L. Merino, Pierre Jaïs, Rob S. MacLeod, Sungwoon Kim, M.J. Schalij, A.P. Wijnmaalen, Maxime Sermesant, P. Della Bella, Francesca Baratto, Manuela Cireddu, K. Vij, Giuseppe Vergara, K. Zeppenfeld, Y. Shachar, J.J. Bax, Giuseppe Maccabelli, F. Petracca, P. Ostadal, Josh Blauer, Vivek Y. Reddy, Alejandro Estrada, Ashok J. Shah, S. Vijayakumar, M. Haissaguerre, Nassir F. Marrouche, P. Vergara, Hubert Cochet, Evgueni Kholmovski, A. K. Kruger, Petr Neuzil, A Jadidi, and A. Perez Silva
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Emerging technologies, Physiology (medical), medicine.medical_treatment, Medicine, Catheter ablation, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Published: 2011
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32. PMS40 COST-EFFECTIVENESS SIMULATION MODEL OF BIOLOGIC STRATEGIES FOR THE TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS BASED ON DISEASE ACTIVITY IN GERMANY

Author: C Baerwald, D Dupont, E Gromnica-lhle, A Beresniak, K Kruger, Sonja Merkesdal, H Zeidler, and AS Neubauer
Subjects: Moderate to severe, Disease activity, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cost effectiveness, Health Policy, Rheumatoid arthritis, Internal medicine, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine, Physical therapy, medicine.disease, business
Published: 2009
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33. The ATLAS TRT electronics

Author: S. Subramania, Thomas Koffas, H. O. Ogren, Viktor Kramarenko, Peter Wagner, Troels Petersen, T Chandler, K. Egorov, A S Kapliy, G. D. Kekelidze, F. F. Martin, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, P. Gagnon, J. A. Valls Ferrer, L.G. Kudin, Dominick Olivito, Seog Oh, F Hansen, Z. Hajduk, Tadeusz Kowalski, A. Poblaguev, A. Muir, Konstantin Zhukov, M Söderberg, J. Callahan, P Smith, Fridolin Dittus, Vladimir Ryjov, H. O. Danielsson, L. Vassilieva, T. Kittelmann, A-C Le Bihan, Ryan Reece, T. N. Addy, H Blampey, D. M. Seliverstov, Giuseppe Francesco Tartarelli, M Mandl, Lidia Smirnova, B. Auerbach, F. Luehring, Daniel Froidevaux, Robert Szczygiel, Igor Gavrilenko, N. Becerici, G M Mayers, E. Abat, T. Shin, H. Korsmo, B. Di Girolamo, Y. F. Ryabov, Mogens Dam, A High, Christoph Rembser, S Katounin, G A Hare, V. N. Bychkov, Paula Eerola, E Danilevich, Metin Arik, M. D. M. Capeans Garrido, Serhat Istin, Vasiliki A Mitsou, N. Dixon, J. Grognuz, S. Yu. Smirnov, A. J. Martin, S.B. Oleshko, S I Suchkov, Oxana Smirnova, M B Reilly, I Gousakov, E. B. Klinkby, B M Mills, A.V. Nadtochi, V. I. Vassilakopoulos, F Kayumov, J. Degenhardt, Elzbieta Banas, Göran Jarlskog, A J Beddall, Alevtina Shmeleva, R. Wall, A. Khristachev, Arnaud Lucotte, M S Passmore, Peter Hansen, V. Mialkovski, J. Bendotti, Wouter Hulsbergen, C Kline, V Lisan, N V Kondratieva, Ahmet Bingul, D. R. Rust, P. Cwetanski, Jan-Ulf Mjörnmark, Ole Røhne, S. Fratina, P. Lichard, E Morris, A. Munar, F. M. Newcomer, V. G. Bondarenko, Christian Schmitt, B. Dolgoshein, S Lucas, B. C. LeGeyt, Philippe Farthouat, David Rousseau, A. Loginov, P. T. Keener, R. Petti, W Huta, Andrea Catinaccio, E. M. Khabarova, A. Manara, W. L. Ebenstein, S. Patrichev, M. P. Schmidt, Nikolay Nikitin, Laura Jeanty, G. Atoian, O Novgorodova, F Perez-Gomez, A Beddall, Bartosz Mindur, Jolanta Olszowska, Valery Schegelsky, Anatoli Romaniouk, E. Sedykh, D. Whittington, C Bault, Francis Anghinolfi, H. H. Williams, Y. V. Grishkevich, Oleg Fedin, S. V. Morozov, Ruslan Mashinistov, M. J. Price, K Levterov, Michael Hance, Serkant Ali Cetin, A. J. Fowler, S. Kovalenko, C. Wang, V. Sosnovtsev, M C Long, B. Lundberg, Vipul Jain, Vladimir Peshekhonov, H. Bertelsen, Vadim Kantserov, E. Arik, Eric David, A. Harvey, Vladimir Sulin, R. Mackeprang, S.P. Konovalov, Andrea Bocci, S. Baron, X. Pons, M. P. Goulette, John-Bjarne Hansen, Vadim Issakov, Serguei Sivoklokov, John Penwell, R Chritin, K. Kruger, A. Placci, C. Driouchi, James Saxon, A Fry, D. P. Benjamin, Ulrik Egede, C. W. Loh, Hal Evans, A. Lindahl, Vladimir Tikhomirov, S. Y. Nesterov, R. Van Berg, N V Klopov, S Lokwitz, O. B. Dogan, N. Dressnandt, N. Grigalashvili, M Bochenek, C. Hauviller, W Ostrowicz, N. Ghodbane, M Scandurra, A. Zhelezko, A. A. Savenkov, Paul Tipton, L. Cardiel Sas, G Sprachmann, Stefan Koperny, Oliver Keith Baker, John Alison, Evelyn Thomson, S. V. Mouraviev, S Lobastov, Benjamin Kaplan, M I Scherzer, Byeong Rok Ko, Jan Godlewski, K. W. McFarlane, E G Novodvorski, B. Kisielewski, Victor Maleev, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ATLAS, Doğuş Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü, TR3959, and Çetin, Serkant Ali
Subjects: architecture, VLSI circuits, algorithms, Tracking (particle physics), 01 natural sciences, Data acquisition, Optics, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, hardware, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Electronics, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Electronic circuit, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems, Detector, Electrical engineering, Detector Control Systems (Detector and Experiment Monitoring and Slow-Control Systems, Architecture, Hardware, Algorithms, Databases), Transition radiation detector, medicine.anatomical_structure, Transition radiation, Analogue electronic circuits, databases), business, Digital electronic circuits
Abstract: Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author) The ATLAS inner detector consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4cm-20cm, the semiconductor tracker at radii from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker (TRT), tracking from 56 to 107 cm. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the on and off detector electronics for the TRT as well as the TRT portion of the data acquisition (DAQ) system.
Published: 2008
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34. Absolute CMC frequency stabilistation with 0.8 THz control range and OEIC front-end module

Author: U. Kruger, C. von Helmolt, U.H.P. Fischer, and K. Kruger
Subjects: Materials science, Offset (computer science), Terahertz radiation, business.industry, Detector, Optical communication, Integrated circuit, law.invention, Front and back ends, Optics, law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Polarization diversity
Abstract: Absolute coherent multiycarrier (CMC) frequency stabilisation experiments are reported featuring an optogalvanic reference at 1547.825 nm, an offset locking range of 800 GHz with 0.4 GHz resolution and a balanced InP polarisation diversity detector hybrid.
Published: 1992
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35. The L3 Coaxial System

Author: H. F. Dodge, M. K. Kruger, and B. J. Kinsburg
Subjects: Engineering, Engineering drawing, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Emphasis (telecommunications), Control (management), General Engineering, Equalization (audio), Process (computing), Reliability engineering, Transmission (telecommunications), Component (UML), Quality (business), Product (category theory), business, media_common
Abstract: Economic solution of the equalization problem in the L3 system required limitation of the excursions of the transmission characteristics from the design center. To implement this, a pattern of distribution requirements for component elements of the system was worked out utilizing basic quality control techniques. An analysis of the several methods employed is presented with particular emphasis on the intent of the choices which were made and the operating characteristics of the resulting procedures. One of the novel features is the three-cell selection method which insures that the product delivered has the kind of distribution that is wanted even while the process is in trouble distribution-wise.
Published: 1953
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36. Measurement of Respiratory Resistance in Children by Forced Oscillations1–3

Author: K. Kruger, A. Mansell, Henry Levison, and T. L. Tripp
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Esophageal balloon, business.industry, medicine.disease, Obstructive lung disease, Pulmonary function testing, Internal medicine, Normal children, medicine, Cardiology, Plethysmograph, Respiratory system, business, Intensive care medicine
Abstract: Measurement of total respiratory resistance by the method of forced oscillations is practical in children too young to cooperate in plethysmography or in placing an esophageal balloon. In normal children, results obtained by forced oscillations are similar to those obtained by more cumbersome techniques. This technique, done quickly and easily with a portable apparatus, is especially suitable for serial assessments of acute obstructive lung disease and for use outside the pulmonary function laboratory.
Published: 1972
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37. Quartz Control for Frequency Stabilization in Short-Wave Receivers

Author: K. Kruger, P. Von Handel, and H. Plendl
Subjects: Physics, Heterodyne, Frequency synthesizer, business.industry, Acoustics, Detector, Electrical engineering, Crystal filter, Beat frequency oscillator, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Intermediate frequency, Frequency offset, Physics::Atomic Physics, Crystal oven, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: For the purpose of stabilizing short-wave reception, experiments were made using quartz control in receivers. It was found that the use of a crystal which produces audible beats with the frequency of the transmitter quartz is practically impossible. In fact, the quartz-controlled oscillating detector caused too great a decrease in the tone volume, while in the case where a separate quartz-controlled heterodyne was used, the effect of temperature on the frequency of the crystals caused disturbances. In order to solve this problem, a method is described in which the superposition of the frequencies of the transmitter quartz and the receiver quartz produces an oscillation of high frequency. This intermediate frequency corresponds to a long wave and is made audible in a normal oscillating detector.
Published: 1930
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38. The Propagation of Low Power Short Waves in the 1000-Kilometer Range

Author: H. Plendl and K. KrUger
Subjects: Engineering, business.product_category, business.industry, Transmitter, Electrical engineering, Ground dipole, Geodesy, Airplane, Power (physics), law.invention, law, Range (aeronautics), Fading, Dipole antenna, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Computer Science::Information Theory, Ground plane
Abstract: A description is given of a series of experiments carried out between two ground stations, and between an airplane and a ground station, to determine whether it is possible to obtain with relatively low power reliable short-wave communication over distances of 500 km, or more. Continuous-wave transmitters supplying a constant power of two watts were employed throughout the experiments. Results at fixed distances are recorded and discussed, particularly with regard to fading in summer and winter. An airplane installation, operating into a fixed dipole antenna is described, and the results of a large number of observations at ground receiving stations, of the signals received from the airplane in flight are presented.
Published: 1929
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39. The Teaching of Current Events in Our Public Schools

Author: F. K. Kruger
Subjects: business.industry, Political science, Public relations, Current (fluid), business
Published: 1941
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40. Radiation Measurements of a Short-Wave Directive Antenna at the Nauen High Power Radio Station

Author: W. Pfitzer, H. Plendl, M. Baumler, and K. Kruger
Subjects: Engineering, business.industry, Antenna aperture, Electrical engineering, Field strength, Vertical plane, Radiation pattern, law.invention, Computational physics, law, Antenna feed, Dipole antenna, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Antenna (radio), Omnidirectional antenna, business
Abstract: This paper is a report on the experimental investigation of the, raidiation of a short-wave directive antenna at Nauen. Measurements were made on the ground and also in the air, using an airplane. The results, plotted in the form of radiation characteristic curves, were compared with calculated radiation characteristics. In the case of the horizontal radiation characteristic the agreement between measurement and calculation is comparatively good. For the vertical radiation characteristic curves calculations were made for the two limiting cases: a. Nonreflecting earth surface. b. Perfectly reflecting earth surface. The measured vertical characteristic agrees rather well with case b, from which it follows that the surface of the earth, under the conditions prevailing at Nauen, shows a very high reflecting power. This is also confirmed by the fact that the field strength increases very rapidly from 0 at the surface of the earth as the height increases. It is also found that the radiated energy is highly concentrated in the desired direction in the horizontal as well as in the vertical plane.
Published: 1931
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41. Transit time analysis of the forced expiratory spirogram in growth

Author: Naftoli Neuburger, A C Bryan, K. Kruger, and Henry Levison
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Vital capacity, Time Factors, Adolescent, Physiology, Statistics as Topic, Transit time, Standard deviation, FEV1/FVC ratio, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Lung volumes, Child, Lung, business.industry, Total Lung Capacity, Age Factors, Forced Expiratory Flow Rates, respiratory system, Airway obstruction, medicine.disease, Body Height, respiratory tract diseases, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spirometry, Cardiology, %22">Fish , Female, Sex, business, Lung Volume Measurements
Abstract: In the search for more sensitive indicators of airway obstruction Fish et al. (Am. Rev. Respirat. Diseases 109: 700, 1974) have proposed a transit time analysis of the forced expiratory spirogram. In this method the forced vital capacity (FVC) is divided into volumes of air and each volume is assigned a transit time; the nature of the FVC can be described by the transit times' mean, standard deviation, and index of skewness. In a group of 48 healthy nonsmoking subjects between the ages of 9 and 22 yr we found that all three quantities decreased with increasing age. This demonstrates an improvement in the function of the peripheral airways with lung growth. In contrast to the increase in flow rates with lung growth, none of this improved function can be attributed to increased lung volume.
Published: 1976

42. Expiratory flow rates determined by wedge and water spirometer in children and young adults

Author: Henry Levison, Weng Tr, M. Kamel, and K. Kruger
Subjects: Spirometry, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, business.product_category, Adolescent, law.invention, FEV1/FVC ratio, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Methods, Humans, Lung volumes, Young adult, Child, Asthma, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General Medicine, respiratory system, Airway obstruction, medicine.disease, Wedge (mechanical device), respiratory tract diseases, Respiratory Function Tests, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cardiology, Female, business, Spirometer
Abstract: SUMMARY A comparison between measurements made with a conventional water spirometer and those with a wedge spirometer on 82 healthy normal subjects from 6 to 18 years of age and from 111.5 to 176.5 cm in height was made. Fourteen children with symptomatic asthma were also studied. It was found that the FVC and FEV1 were similar on both instruments. The values for V50 and MMEF were different, because V50 is an instantaneous measurement, whereas MMEF is a mean obtained over a wide range of lung volumes. It is suggested that V50 may be a more sensitive index of airway obstruction than the regular MMEF measurement.
Published: 1970

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