1. Ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for femoral head containment disorders in children between one and 12 years of age
- Author
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Ulrich Bechler, Josephine Berger-Groch, Nico Maximilian Jandl, Markus H.F. Stuecker, André Strahl, and Frank Timo Beil
- Subjects
Hip dysplasia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hip angle ,ultrasound ,business.industry ,Ultrasound ,medicine.disease ,hip dysplasia ,femoral head extrusion angle ,Femoral head ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Original Clinical Article ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,acetabular head index ,Radiology ,business - Abstract
Purpose Ultrasound has been used to diagnose hip dysplasia in neonates and to screen until the end of their first year. For older children, femoral head containment disorders such as developmental dysplasia of the hip, Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease or cerebral palsy are usually diagnosed with plain radiographs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate ultrasound in comparison with radiographic imaging in children up to age 12 years and to determine reference values for sonographic containment parameters. Methods Hip ultrasound and radiographic imaging were acquired on the same day and then compared. As a reference, normal acetabular angle and acetabulum head index were determined on radiographs. Lateral cartilage distance (LCD), lateral head distance (LHD) and femoral head extrusion angle (HA) were measured on ultrasound images. Results We included 96 patients with 167 healthy hips in the study. A total of 55 patients were female and 41 male. The mean age was 5.2 years (sd 3.3; 1.0 to 11.9). LCDultrasound, LHDultrasound and HAultrasound correlated significantly with radiographic parameters. The following ultrasound values were calculated as limits for impending loss of containment: LCDultrasound ≥ 6.5 mm, LHDultrasound ≥ 3.3 mm and HAultrasound ≥ 27.6°. Conclusion Ultrasound is a simple, radiation-free diagnostic tool to detect femoral head containment disorders, even in children older than one year. This study provides reference values for hip ultrasound in children up to 12 years. Level of evidence III
- Published
- 2021