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A surface insulating coating for wind turbines is prepared to study its electrically insulating properties. The effects of different resin base materials, different fillers, and curing processes on the electrical properties of coatings were studied. The results show that when an epoxy resin containing hydroxyl active functional groups and benzene rings is selected as the base material for the coating, the coating shows good electrical insulation performance. Its volume resistivity achieves 17.689×1012Ω∙m, electric strength 45.8 kV/mm, and arc resistance 130s. Mica powder and aluminum tripolyphosphate, as good anticorrosive media, have good electrical insulation performance. Other application indexes and economies should be considered in engineering applications. When the curing agent content is 25%, the coating has the best electrical properties. The longer the curing time, the better the electrical properties of the coating. However, the marginal effect of curing time is diminishing. When curing time exceeds 48h, curing time has little effect on electrical properties. The objective of this paper is to promote the development of surface insulating coatings for wind turbines.

Pulmonary hypertension（PH）is a kind of hemodynamic and pathophysiological state, in which the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) rises above a certain threshold. The main pathological manifestation is pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodelling progressively. More and more studies have found that ions play a major role in the pathogenesis of PH. Many vasoactive substances, inflammatory mediators, transcription-inducing factors, apoptosis mediators, redox substances and translation modifiers can control the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell by regulating the activity of ion channels, which can regulate vascular contraction, cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation and other functions. We all know that there are no effective drugs to treat PH. Ions are involved in the occurrence and development of PH, so it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of ions in PH as a therapeutic target for PH. The main ions involved in PH are calcium ion (Ca 2+ ), potassium ion (K + ), sodium ion (Na + ) and chloride ion (Cl – ). Here, we mainly discuss the distribution of these ions and their channels in pulmonary arteries and their role in the pathogenesis of PH.

A common issue encountered when drilling in the Permian Basin involves the twist-off of a bottomhole assembly (BHA) component. A twist-off incident can result in significant costs incurred due to nonproductive time (NPT) as well as lost-in-hole (LIH) charges if retrieval of the fish is unsuccessful. The paper will present several case studies to illustrate the primary cause of the failures. An innovative thread connection for BHA components was designed in 2016 to reduce risk of twist-off. The paper will demonstrate its effect on reducing twist-off risk as well as the enablement of improved drilling performance in 2019. The paper will illustrate statistical analysis of data gathered from 2016 through 2019 comparing the performance of the conventional thread connection versus the new thread design. The goal of the analysis is to evaluate whether the thread design is effective in reducing the frequency of twist-off incidents. The bending moment of each connection within the BHA will be analyzed using modeling software to understand the stress-loading profile. Memory data from the rotary steerable system (RSS), including near-bit attitude measurements and downhole drilling dynamics, will be analyzed in conjunction with data acquired from the rig's surface sensors to identify if any abnormal drilling events are observed prior to the twist off. The BHA bending moment study concludes that connections between the measurements-while-drilling (MWD) tool and the RSS suffer higher stress loading compared to other connections in the BHA. Empirically, field statistics confirm that the connections between RSS and MWD exhibit the highest frequency of twist-off incidents. However, further analysis is required to understand the root cause of the connection failure. The memory data retrieved from the RSS enables the visualization of hole curvature and vibration at the time of the incident. Investigation into several field cases concluded that, immediately prior to connection twist off, there is sudden change in borehole curvature and/or emergence of shock and vibration (S&V) which can dramatically reduce the expected fatigue life of the connection. Based on the statistical analysis, it can be concluded that the new connection design is effective in reducing the twist-off failure rate of the BHA. Consequently, the implementation of the new thread design enabled a step-change in drilling performance through use of a more powerful positive displacement motor (PDM) to drive the RSS system.

Based on virtual assembly simulation technique for installing cables on biaxial drive mechanism, this paper describes the process of building flexible virtual assembly environment and simulating installation of cables. First of all, the basic element of cable-laying is simulated, such as wires, thermistors, heat plates, etc. Then the process of cable laying is simulated and analyzed by step level in detail. The laying path of each wire is carefully planned in the complex space surface of biaxial drive mechanism. The feasibility of the path is validated in view of overall laying course. The length of each wire can be determined. So it can get the specific process parameters. The project application results indicate that the virtual simulation technique can optimize the process of the spacecraft assembly and integration design, avoid faults by mistake, extend the process expression technique, insure the reliability of irreversible operations, and enhance the level of process design.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are the wild-type or genomic modified viruses, which can specifically replicate in cancer cells but not in normal cells. They cause cancer cell lysis and more importantly, their replication in tumor cells induces an antitumor immune response from the host. As synergistic stimulation of antitumor immune response requires multiple immune-regulatory factors, OVs armed with multiple immune-modulating factors are of high potential in cancer immunotherapy. We have constructed a novel herpes simplex virus type-1 virus (HSV-1), VG161, that is armed with IL12, IL15, and a unique PDL-1 peptide blocker. The aim of this study is to investigate the anticancer efficacy of VG161 in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers including gastric, hepatic, and colorectal cancers. The immune-stimulating activities in tumor-bearing immune competent mice were also demonstrated. VG161 was given to the tumor-bearing animals by intratumor injection (5 × 106-5 × 107 PFU/animal, once a day for 3-5 days). Antitumor activity of VG161 was tested in both immune-deficient mice as well as in immune-competent mice. Oncolytic activity of VG161 was demonstrated in human gastric (SGC-7901), hepatic (patient-derived xenograft, PDX), and colorectal (LS174T) cancer-bearing nude mice as the human tumors are susceptible to HSV infection and the immune system is compromised in those models. To determine the antitumor immune response activated by VG161, colorectal cancer (CT26) syngeneic model was used in immune competent animals and T cell subpopulation analysis, ELISPOT, and tumor rechallenge assay was applied to measure specific antitumor immunity. VG161 caused complete tumor eradication in PDX and CT26 tumor models and significantly inhibited tumor growth in SGC-7901 and LS174T models. All animals treated with VG161 survived for many months till sacrificed. In the CT26 model, no tumor could be found after rechallenging with the same tumor cells. The number of CD8+ tumor infiltrated T cells was significantly increased, and systemic specific anticancer immunity was confirmed by ELISPOT assay on T cells isolated from spleen. VG161 is a novel oncolytic virus that is both strong in oncolysis and stimulating antitumor immunity for GI cancers. Intratumorally expressing multiple immune-regulatory factors by an oncolytic virus may significantly change the GI tumor immune microenvironment and stimulate anticancer immunity, to further enhance the efficacy of the oncolytic virus. Citation Format: Ronghua Zhao, Jun Ding, Tianchi Liu, Shuyun Liu, Dmitry Chouljenko, Yanal Murad, Erica Lee, Guoyu Liu, Luke Bu, William Jia. Anticancer efficacy of a novel immune-stimulating oncolytic virus: VG161 in gastrointestinal cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr B85.

In recent years, as China's coal mining strength has increased, the accident of coal mine thus happened frequently. It is often caused by the human factors, and there is no doubt that the unsafe behavior of the people and psychological conditions were closely linked together. In the safety production, we should put “people-oriented, pay attention to the human care” into effect. Strengthening the safety psychological education in the coal mine safety management, further training psychological sense of anxiety through the safety education and then improving the staff's psychological quality should go first in reducing safety accidents, which is also one of the best ways to prevent the coal mine accidents. This paper focused on the exploration about some psychological factors in the coal mine accidents, and then gave the methods to evaluate the safety psychological factors in the safety production. The facts proved us that it had caution effect to the coal mine accident, and at the same time the coal mine principal should attach importance to miners’ psychological education.

Oncolytic HSV-1 (oHSV-1) are among the most promising therapies for cancer. Besides the oncolytic activity delivered by the virus against tumor cells, this treatment can also induce a potent immune response against tumor antigens (whether classic TAA, or neoantigens specific to the tumor being targeted). We have constructed an oncolytic HSV-1 virus (VG161) to deliver 2 immunomodulator cytokines, IL12 and IL15, to the tumor micro-environment. These two cytokines can work synergistically to trigger an efficient anti-tumor immune response. A PD-L1 mimic peptide capable of blocking PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is also delivered as a Fc fusion peptide (TF-Fc) to help in maintaining an effective immune response against the tumor. For the construction of the recombinant virus, the exogenous components were cloned under CMV promoter control. The ICP34.5 gene was deleted as a safety measure for the recombinant virus. The expression of Il12, IL15 and TF-Fc were confirmed, in vitro and in vivo, by qRT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot. Upon intra-tumoral injection of VG161, expressed IL12, IL15 and TF-Fc were detected only in the injected tumor mass, but not in the animals' blood or other organs. The bio-distribution of the virus was tested by qPCR after injecting VG161 intratumorally, and most of the injected virus were concentrated in the tumor mass. Minimal amounts of the virus were detected in the liver and spleen for short periods after virus injection. We have demonstrated the superior activity of the VG161 virus, compared to the back-bone virus (with no payloads) using immune-competent mouse models (CT26) and nude mice implanted with human tumor cells lines (LNCaP and U87). VG161 induced tumor oncolysis resulting in complete tumor regression in nude mice. In the CT26 model, the tumor regressed to undetectable limits upon intra-tumoral injection with VG161. When the treated mice were challenged with the same tumor, the tumor cells did not grow. The added efficacy in CT26 tumor model can be attributed to the immune response generated by the modified virus, as demonstrated by a higher number of tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells. The specific activity of T cells against the tumor cells was also demonstrated by ELISpot assay. Finally, memory T-cells were evident in the treated animals demonstrated by multiple assays. Conclusions This work has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of VG161, a novel oncolytic virus which can induce a strong anti-tumor immunity and oncolytic activity. We have also demonstrated that the Intra-tumoral expression of multiple immune regulatory factors may significantly change the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance the efficacy of the oncolytic virus. Citation Format: Yanal M. Murad, Jun Ding, Dmitry Chouljenko , Erica Lee, Luke Bu, Guoyu Liu, Ronghua Zhao, Zahid Delwar, Will Liu, William Jia. Synergy of immunomodulators delivered by an HSV-1 oncolytic virus can enhance its therapeutic effects in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5641.

Background Motherwort has been used as medicinal herb for many years in both China and Europe. In particular, Chinese motherwort has been commonly used to treat disorders of mammary gland in Chinese traditional medicine (TCM). Chinese motherwort aqueous extract (MAE) was previously reported to have anti-cancer activity in breast cancer cells with low potency (IC50s in a range of 8–40 mg/mL). However, treatment of motherwort ethanol extract in vivo markedly suppressed the development of uterine adenomyosis and mammary cancers in mice. Therefore, anti-cancer activity of Chinese motherwort, especially in a form of ethanol extract, needs to be confirmed further at cellular level. Materials and methods Aerial part of Chinese motherwort ( Leonurus japonicus Houtt) dry powder is extracted with 70% ethanol and the chemical components were characterized with HPLC finger print as well as mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity of the motherwort aqueous ethanol extract (MAEE) was analyzed with MTT assay on ER negative MDA-MB-231 and ER positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry were used to verify whether the cell death induced by MAEE is apoptosis in nature. Cell cycle status of MAEE treated cells were analyzed with flow cytometry. Results Our results showed that MAEE caused cell death in a dose-dependent and time-dependent fashion in both ER positive and negative breast cancer cells. Morphology, Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry evidence all indicated the cell death is not in an apoptotic nature. Furthermore, low concentrations of MAEE caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Conclusions These data suggest that Chinese motherwort aqueous ethanol extract may effectively inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells through mechanisms of both cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest. The cellular effects of MAEE are non-apoptotic and ER independent on breast cancer cells.

Rh2 is a ginsenoside extracted from ginseng that has drawn attention in a few laboratories in Asian countries because of its potential tumor-inhibitory effect. In the present study, we tested Rh2 on many tumor-cell lines for its effects on cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and potential interaction with conventional chemotherapy agents. Our results showed that Rh2 inhibited cell growth by G1 arrest at low concentrations and induced apoptosis at high concentrations in a variety of tumor-cell lines, possibly through activation of caspases. The growth arrest and apoptosis may be mediated by 2 separate mechanisms. Apoptosis is not dependent on expression of the wild-type p53 nor the caspase 3. In addition, the apoptosis induced by Rh2 was mediated through glucocorticoid receptors. Most interestingly, Rh2 can act either additively or synergistically with chemotherapy drugs on cancer cells. Particularly, it hypersensitized multidrug-resistant breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. These results suggest that Rh2 possesses strong tumor-inhibiting properties, and potentially can be used in treatments for multidrug-resistant cancers, especially when it is used in combination with conventional chemotherapy agents.Key words: ginsenosides, synergy, paclitaxel, chemotherapy, cancer.