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The virtual restoration of cultural relics by adopting computer technology is the trend of cultural relics protection and value mining. In order to solve the problem of large error in the existing matching methods of non-thin-walled cultural relic fragments, in this paper, a matching method of cultural relic fragments is proposed, when the thickness feature and the contour feature are combined, and the strategy of coarse matching followed by fine matching is adopted. Firstly, the broken contour of cultural relic fragments is extracted, and the upper and lower contour lines are identified; secondly, the thickness feature is calculated and the thickness histogram is constructed. After that, the initial matching of fragments is completed according to the similarity of the histogram. Thirdly, the fracture contour is segmented, and the fragments of the mismatching relationship in the initial matching are also eliminated by the modified Hausdorff distance to optimize the coarse matching results. Finally, the SVD method is adopted to solve the rigid body transformation parameters, and the ICP algorithm is employed to accurately align the fine matching. The experimental results show that with the method in this paper, excellent matching results have been obtained regarding the fragments of the Terracotta Warriors. Compared with matching methods of other cultural relic fragments, the accuracy and algorithm cost of this method are better.

Background Ancestry estimation of skulls is under a wide range of applications in forensic science, anthropology, and facial reconstruction. This study aims to avoid defects in traditional skull ancestry estimation methods, such as time-consuming and labor-intensive manual calibration of feature points, and subjective results. Results This paper uses the skull depth image as input, based on AlexNet, introduces the Wide module and SE-block to improve the network, designs and proposes ANINet, and realizes the ancestry classification. Such a unified model architecture of ANINet overcomes the subjectivity of manually calibrating feature points, of which the accuracy and efficiency are improved. We use depth projection to obtain the local depth image and the global depth image of the skull, take the skull depth image as the object, use global, local, and local + global methods respectively to experiment on the 95 cases of Han skull and 110 cases of Uyghur skull data sets, and perform cross-validation. The experimental results show that the accuracies of the three methods for skull ancestry estimation reached 98.21%, 98.04% and 99.03%, respectively. Compared with the classic networks AlexNet, Vgg-16, GoogLenet, ResNet-50, DenseNet-121, and SqueezeNet, the network proposed in this paper has the advantages of high accuracy and small parameters; compared with state-of-the-art methods, the method in this paper has a higher learning rate and better ability to estimate. Conclusions In summary, skull depth images have an excellent performance in estimation, and ANINet is an effective approach for skull ancestry estimation.

Daily PM2.5 level has significant influence on human health, which is attracting increasing attention. The prediction of PM2.5 grades has thus become an important factor closely related to social development. In the past decades, many prediction methodologies for PM2.5 have been developed, including regression analysis, neural network model, and support vector machine model. Despite these progresses, it still remains a great challenge to predict the PM2.5 grades more accurately and efficiently. In this work, we applied meteorological pattern analysis to assist the support vector machine (SVM) model for PM2.5 class prediction. Cosine similarity was first used to extract three most relevant ones from six common meteorological parameters (atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, air temperature, wind speed, wind direction, cumulative precipitation) to give the needed meteorological pattern for SVM model. Higher prediction accuracy was then obtained with the selected pattern composed by relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction. Moreover, genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm were investigated for optimizing the parameters in the process of SVM classification, with PSO-SVM presenting the highest accuracy and efficiency (forecasting time significantly reduced by 25%). We further introduced the criteria of precision, recall and F1-score to evaluate the prediction results of PSO-SVM in each PM2.5 grade. Meanwhile, comparative studies confirmed that PSO-SVM displayed better performance than Adaboost and ANN models for the applied meteorological pattern analysis assisted PM2.5 grades prediction. These obtained results indicate the validity of meteorological pattern analysis for efficient air quality forecasting.

Background Terson syndrome is a serious complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that includes any intraocular hemorrhage and may result in blurred vision or even blindness. However, it is often overlooked clinically. Case Description A 42-year-old man presented with coma due to rupture of a left posterior communicating artery aneurysm. A preoperative computed tomography scan demonstrated SAH and bilateral fundus hemorrhage. Visual evoked potential and B-scan ocular ultrasound revealed vitreous hemorrhages, features consistent with Terson syndrome. Pars plana vitrectomy was performed 2 weeks after SAH with a subsequent improvement of visual acuity. Conclusions Early identification is important for the recovery of the patient's nervous system and ophthalmology. Neurosurgeons should be aware of the pathology and pay attention to it to maximize patient's benefit.

Skull registration is one of the important steps in craniofacial reconstruction, and its registration accuracy and efficiency have an important impact on the reconstruction results. To solve the problem of low accuracy and efficiency of existing skull registration methods, a hierarchical skull point cloud registration method is proposed in this paper. The whole registration process is divided into a rough registration stage and a fine registration stage. Firstly, feature points are extracted from the pre-processed skull point cloud model, and a local coordinate reference system is established according to the feature points and their neighbor points. The improved spin image is used to construct the local feature descriptor. The feature matching is carried out according to the nearest neighbor algorithm, and the k-means algorithm is used to eliminate the mismatching points to achieve skull rough registration. Then, based on rough registration, we use an improved ICP algorithm to achieve fine registration of the skull. In this process, we use random sampling to reduce the search scale of points and add geometric feature constraints to further eliminate mismatched points. Finally, the whole registration algorithm is applied to the skull point cloud data to verify. The experimental results show that, compared with other methods, the registration effect and efficiency of the proposed method are superior to those of other methods. In order to verify the universality of the method, we also use a common data set for verification. Experiments show that the method is also very effective.

The estimation of ancestry is an essential benchmark for positive identification of heavily decomposed bodies that are recovered in a variety of death and crime scenes. Aiming at the problem of skull ancestry estimation, this paper proposes an improved convolutional neural network method to realize ancestry estimation. We use the six-angle images of the skull as the input of the network. By improving the basic model LeNet5 of the convolutional neural network, we preserve the depth semantics and content information of the image, reduce the number of parameters, and ensure the learning ability of network features. In the experiment, 156 yellow skulls from northern China and 178 white skulls from Xinjiang were used as subjects, 80% of skull samples were used as training sets and 20% as test sets. Experiments on the training set and test set show that the improved CNN network architecture achieves 95.88% accuracy on the training set and 95.52% accuracy on the test set. In addition, we also designed experiments on the contribution of various parts of the skull to ancestor identification. The experimental results show that each region of the skull is useful for ancestor identification, but the effect is different. Compared with other networks, the network structure of this paper has the highest accuracy and better performance.

Craniofacial reconstruction is to estimate a person’s face model from the skull. It can be applied in many fields such as forensic medicine, archaeology, and face animation. Craniofacial reconstruction is based on the relationship between the skull and the face to reconstruct the facial appearance from the skull. However, the craniofacial structure is very complex and the relationship is not the same in different craniofacial regions. To better represent the shape changes of the skull and face and make better use of the correlation between different local regions, a new craniofacial reconstruction method based on region fusion strategy is proposed in this paper. This method has the flexibility of finding the nonlinear relationship between skull and face variables and is easy to solve. Firstly, the skull and face are divided into five corresponding local regions; secondly, the five regions of skull and face are mapped to low-dimensional latent space using Gaussian process latent variable model (GP-LVM), and the nonlinear features between skull and face are extracted; then, least square support vector regression (LSSVR) model is trained in latent space to establish the mapping relationship between skull region and face region; finally, perform regional fusion to achieve overall reconstruction. For the unknown skull, first divide the region, then project it into the latent space of the skull region, then use the trained LSSVR model to reconstruct the face of the corresponding region, and finally perform regional fusion to realize the face reconstruction of the unknown skull. The experimental results show that the method is effective. Compared with other regression methods, our method is optimal. In addition, we add attributes such as age and body mass index (BMI) to the mappings to achieve face reconstruction with different attributes.

Introduction The rupture rate of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is influenced by certain angioarchitectural and hemodynamic characteristics. Recently the translucent appearance of aneurysms was described as a possible risk factor for aneurysm rupture. In this study, we investigate the intraoperative rupture risk of surgically clipped unruptured translucent aneurysms (TAs). Method Clinical and radiologic data of microsurgically treated unruptured middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcation aneurysms between 2013 and 2015 were collected and analyzed. Aneurysms were divided into TA as defined as >90% reddish pigmentation appearance of the aneurysm wall or non-TA (NTA) according to the observation under microscope by a single neurosurgeon. Parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Result A total of 41 unruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysms were included in the analysis, and 68.2% (28/41) were defined as TA. The univariate analysis showed that aneurysm characteristics (Dmax, Wmax, height, and lower size ratio [SR]) that were small in nature were associated with TAs. TAs were associated with intraoperative rupture (28.6% vs. 0%, P = 0.04). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the lower SR is the independent risk factor for TAs. Conclusion The results demonstrate that a lower SR correlates with TA in the MCA bifurcation and the thinner wall of the TA causes intraoperative rupture more likely. These results provide important information on the fragility of TAs and might influence the treatment decisions in unruptured MCA bifurcation aneurysms with lower SRs.

Global warming is increasing at the alarming rate in the recent years. One of the best solutions to reduce the global warming is generation of power from the carbon neutral and negative technologies. In view of this, harvesting energy from the photosynthesis is one of the best viable solution. The Microphotosynthetic cell (μPSC), presented in this work, functions on the principle of photosynthesis and respiration. Typical power produced by a μPSC varies in the range of 0.1–10 mW. In this paper, we discussed the potential applications of the Microphotosynthetic power cells to the automotive sector and Autonomous Vehicles (AV).

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant glioma and patients diagnosed with this disease had poor outcomes even treated with the combination of conventional treatment (surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation). Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen presenting cells and DC-based vaccination has the potential to target and eliminate GBM cells and enhance the responses of these cells to the existing therapies with minimal damage to the healthy tissues around them. It can enhance recognition of GBM cells by the patients’ immune system and activate vast, potent, and long-lasting immune reactions to eliminate them. Therefore, this therapy can prolong the survival of GBM patients and has wide and bright future in the treatment of GBM. Also, the efficacy of this therapy can be strengthened in several ways at some degree: the manipulation of immune regulatory components or costimulatory molecules on DCs; the appropriate choices of antigens for loading to enhance the effectiveness of the therapy; regulation of positive regulators or negative regulators in GBM microenvironment.

With the development of information and communication technology and the advent of new technologies including wireless communication, smart handheld mobile terminals and wearable medical sensor detection technology, mobile medical care is facing its development opportunity. In this context, our medical monitoring system combines wireless communication technology with wearable medical sensor and designs a remote medical monitoring of multiple physiological parameters. With the support of Android devices, this system offers medical reports retrieval, online diagnosis and health guidelines. It provides users with multi-functional, instant, real-time monitoring and interactive medical services in a high efficient low cost way, which enables remote interrogation and medical care become possible.

Cars have become an important transportation tool of people's daily life. And how to implement information technology to improve the convenience and intelligence of using vehicle has become the popular research direction. In this paper, the author uses Spring+Hibernate framework and OBD technology to develop vehicle network platform with high portability, scalability, easy maintenance etc. The operation of this platform will greatly increase the intelligence and convenience of the vehicle use, provide practical application and research of the current vehicle network.

This paper studies the synchronization of brushless excitation frequency soft start system design. On the basis of principle of the synchronized machine brushless excitation frequency soft starter system, the practical applications of brushless motor control system are elaborated. Experimental results in engineering show effectiveness of the design.

The disadvantages of BOW (Bag of words model) for image classification include the large amount of data in generating a codebook by clustering, redundant code words that may affect the classification results and so on. The process of BOW for the classification can be improved through the Laplace weights to improved fuzzy C means algorithm, and obtaining codebook with more ability to distinguish between images the optimization methods for Codebook based on interdependence between the image code word co-occurrence relationships. Experimental results show that the improved clustering algorithm and code optimization method proposed in this paper can help to establish a codebook with more ability in expression and discrimination, which can significantly improve the accuracy of image classification.

This study investigates the applicability of a hybrid TiO 2 electrode (or a working electrode with a light scattering layer) in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Microcrystalline TiO 2 particles, synthesized by the simple sol–gel method using TiCl 4 ethanol solution as a precursor, were used to prepare a light scattering layer of the working electrode (or a hybrid TiO 2 electrode), and the properties of these microcrystalline TiO 2 particles were measured. This electrode was then immersed in a solution of N-719 (Ruthenium) dye at a temperature of 70 °C for 6 h. Finally, the DSSC was assembled, and the short-circuit photocurrent, the open-circuit photovoltage, and the power conversion efficiency of DSSC were measured using an I – V measurement system. The effect of the average size of TiO 2 particles synthesized by the sol–gel method on the power conversion efficiency of a DSSC was also examined. Most importantly, this study shows that the power conversion efficiency of the DSSC with a hybrid TiO 2 electrode (7.02%), which consisted of 50% TiO 2 particles (P-25) and 50% TiO 2 particles with an average size of 268.7 nm, substantially exceeds that of the conventional DSSC with a TiO 2 (P-25) electrode (5.16%) due to the effect of the light scattering in the DSSC.

Now the method on looking for the queen bee is not only workload-intensive, time-consuming but also low-efficiency. In order to locate the queen bee in the hive in real time, a localization system was designed under visual studio.net platform by using magnetic localization technology. The system detected the measurement of the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet, collect the pre-treatment data after eliminate the influence of the geomagnetic field and correct the orthogonality of three-axis magnetic sensor, then using the nonlinear least squares algorithm obtained the optimal value of the space position of the permanent magnet. The localization results could be displayed and saved. The experimental results showed that this magnetic localization system could effective locate the queen in the hive.

The impact signal is contained in the fault signals of some pivotal components such as bearings and gears. Extracting weensy impact information is an important method to diagnose equipment. With the combination of discrete wavelet transform and spectrum analysis, extracting the nonstationary signals from vibrating signal in machine is a practically effective means of diagnosing the fault signals and their types so as to anticipate machine faults. It is very effective to extract impact information in application by utlizing the discrete wavelet transform.

As the population ages and lifestyles change in concordance, the number of patients suffering from ischemic stroke and its associated disabilities is increasing. Studies on determining the relationship between endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and ischemic stroke have become a new hot spot and have reported that EPCs may protect the brain against ischemic injury, promote neurovascular repair, and improve long-term neurobehavioral outcomes. More importantly, they introduce a new perspective for prognosis assessment and therapy of ischemic stroke. However, EPCs’ origin, function, influence factors, injury repair mechanisms, and cell-based therapy strategies remain controversial. Particularly, research conducted to date has less clinical studies than pre-clinical experiments on animals. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the current understanding of basic characteristics, influence factors, functions, therapeutic strategies, and disadvantages of EPCs as well as the regulation of inflammatory factors involved in the function and survival of EPCs after ischemic stroke. Identifying potential therapeutic effects of EPCs in ischemic stroke will be a challenging but an incredibly important breakthrough in neurology, which may bring promise for patients with ischemic stroke.

We propose a novel approach for automatic relic positioning in archaeological site using shape matching technique. The method rapidly locates the initial position of relic in scene model by sketch based image registration. First we extract apparent ridges on models to draw the sketches, subsequently the relic can be substantially located by image registration process. We use 3D partial shape matching to identify the positioning result further. In contrast to the differential invariants used in many literatures, this paper addresses the integral invariants which exhibited robust and stable in dealing with high noise relic models. The suggested approach has been well applied in archaeology report generation during the process of 3rd excavation of Qin Terracotta Warriors and offers an outstanding efficiency.

“Excellent Engineer Education and Training Plan” of the Ministry of Education is specially aimed at cultivating the students’ capability of engineering practice and innovation. Aiming at the current situation of the engineering teaching, colleges should establish the modern engineering-practice center and cooperate with the major-related enterprises, and establish a series of teaching systems which serve the students through their entire learning period. This article explains the characteristics of the college-enterprise practice training center established by JiangSu University and NanJing Automobile Groups, pointing out that engineering elements and training projects should be mixed together in the process of practice base construction in order to completely improve students’ engineering quality and engineering practice ability.

In order to effectively simulate infrared features of the scene and infrared high light phenomenon, Based on the visual light illumination model, according to the optical property of all material types in the scene, the infrared imaging illumination models are proposed to fulfill different materials: to the smooth material with specular characteristic, adopting the infrared imaging illumination model based on Blinn-Phone reflection model and introducing the self emission; to the ordinary material which is similar to black body without highlight feature, ignoring the computation of its high light reflection feature, calculating simply the material’s self emission and its reflection to the surrounding as its infrared imaging illumination model, the radiation energy under zero range of visibility can be obtained according to the above two models. The OpenGl rendering technology is used to construct infrared scene simulation system which can also simulate infrared electro-optical imaging system, then gets the synthetic infrared images from any angle of view of the 3D scenes. To validate the infrared imaging illumination model, two typical 3D scenes are made, and their infrared images are calculated to compare and contrast with the real collected infrared images obtained by a long wave infrared band imaging camera. There are two major points in the paper according to the experiment results: firstly, the infrared imaging illumination models are capable of producing infrared images which are very similar to those received by thermal infrared camera; secondly, the infrared imaging illumination models can simulate the infrared specular feature of relative materials and common infrared features of general materials, which shows the validation of the infrared imaging illumination models. Quantitative analysis shows that the simulation images are similar to the collected images in the aspects of main features, but their histogram distribution does not match very well, the reasons are analyzed and the further improvement direction is proposed. Theories and experiments show that the validation of the infrared illumination models in the paper.

A Level-of-Detail model is proposed to improve the efficiency of hair rendering. The model considers the simplification on both strands density and controlling points of strand curves, which common used uniquely by traditional solutions. On the other hand, we provide artists a novel constraint tool that inspired by existing hair styling method. Artists can determine LOD parameters value in 3D space by their own ideas but not only by viewing distance, whether there is a hair model or not. Another benefit of spatial constraint using is that those separating hair strands can clamp together dynamically if they are growing under working from the same hairstyle constraint. Thus strands can merge into hair wisp model through K-d tree searching for nearest control points. Result shows a notable improvement on photo realistic hair rendering with our model.

“Automobile Structure” is a important course with great theoretical and practical meaning. During the teaching, we combine preview, homework, class instruction, model, material and practical instruction with internet teaching organically. Through new-type and rich teaching contents, intuitional and on-the-spot teaching, flexible and various teaching methods, we have and formed a three-dimensional model of teaching which is beneficial to the improvement of students' comprehensive capacity and acquired good efficiencies through many years' practice as well.

Craniofacial similarity measuring is a difficult scheme in the field of craniofacial reconstruction. In this paper, we define a hemisphere as a referenced model, which is used to select the craniofacial homologous vertices and to construct a new transformation coordinate system. Then the hemisphere is transformed into different craniofacial models. The transformations are a basis for craniofacial similarity measuring. We adopt a modified version of relative angle-context distribution (RACD) to measure one-vertex transformation irrespective of global affine transformation between the hemisphere and one craniofacial model, which we call BRACD (bending relative angle-context distribution). What's more, the BRACDs of all vertices will reflect the whole bending information. Following χ2 statistics, the dissimilarity between different craniofacial models can be computed from above values. Therefore a similarity measuring formula can estimate craniofacial similarity. The experimental results show that the hit-rate of our approach is higher than RACD.

This paper provides a compression method of two-dimensional contour model based on compressed sensing. First, this method gets the 2-D geometric signal through discrete representing the two-dimensional contour model. Then, construct a basis using Laplace operator of the Two-dimensional contour model, thus we get the sparse representation of the 2-D geometric signal based on this basis. Last, we complete compressing the Two-dimensional contour model, through random sampling geometry signals based on Compressed Sensing. In the recovery process, we reconstruct the 2-D geometric signal through optimizing 1-norm of the sparse signal. This method completed the compression of Two-dimensional contour model in the sampling process. Experimental results show that the compression ratio of this method is high, restore effect is good and is suitable for large-scale data compression.

Based on ARM9 platform and the Linux operating system, this article studied on the methods of the video image capture and decoding. Take USB-camera image acquisition and image decoding for example, FrameBuffer and Video4Linux, two system interfaces for video image processing under the Linux operating system are introduced, and the collected images transferred from JPEG format to RGB format is displayed on the LCD finally.

This paper introduced three excellent web frameworks—Struts2, Hibernate and Site Mesh. It discussed the integration solution of the three frameworks and a method of page display based on Bridge mode, with the help of which we designed and realized the manage system of equipment's archives. The results showed that on one hand, this mode can lower the degree of coupling in layers and improve the development efficiency and shorten the development cycle of Web application; on another hand, the system built by this technique had an excellent maintainability and an expansibility.

Because the greatly most algorithms of real color image enhancement did not relate to the spectral sensitivity of most human vision, the color restoration functions of some real color image enhancement algorithms are greatly at random and not proved , and the real color images enhanced which are based on illumination-reflectance model have the loss of details and the ‘halos’, we proposed a new algorithm to overcome these disadvantages. Firstly, we transform the real color image from RGB space to HSV space which is approximately orthonormal system between color and value. Secondly, the illumination and the reflectance of value are separated by homomorphic decomposition based on illumination-reflectance model. We have discovered that the high dynamic range of image including high bright lights is mainly caused by the reflectance. Thirdly, the details of reflectance are preserved by wavelet transform. Fourthly, the dynamic range of reflectance is compressed by Butterworth filtering. Lastly, the energy of the saturation of real color image in HSV space is attenuated according to the spectral sensitivity of most human vision. Experiments show that the color of image enhanced adapts well to the most people vision and is not obviously distorted, the preservation of the details is perfectly and the ‘halos’ is effectively restrained. Real color images enhanced by the algorithm are much better than the multi-scales Retinex’s with color restoration (MSRCR).

Because the color restoration functions of real color image enhancement are greatly at random and not proved, and the enhanced real color images which are based on illumination-reflectance model have the loss of details and the 'halos', we proposed a new algorithm to overcome these disadvantages. Firstly, we transform the real color image from RGB space to HSV space which is approximately orthonormal between color and value, and keep the color of image. Secondly, the illumination and the reflectance of value are separated by homomorphic decomposition based on illumination-reflectance model. We have discovered that the high dynamic range of image including high bright lights is mainly caused by the reflectance. Thirdly, the details of reflectance are preserved by wavelet transform. Lastly, the dynamic range of reflectance is compressed by Butterworth filtering. Experiments show that the color of image enhanced is not obviously distorted, the preservation of the details is good and the 'halos' is effectively restrained. Real color image enhanced by the algorithm is much better than the multi-scale Retinex's with color restoration (MSRCR).

Database design is a complicated and important work, it determines the success or failure of the system, so it needs considering a combination of factors and handling properly. In designing the database of laboratory management system, use data-driven concept and increase proper redundancy of Space-for-Performance method, which meet the needs of flexible management, large storage requirements of the user. The system is deployed on a PC server, and putted into operation for one year, it has a stable performance, fine effects, and reaches the expected design target. The realization of the system has accumulated great experiences for developments of enterprise application system which develop in the PC server and have a large amount of data.

Ontology for insect recognition is a powerful tool to express semantics of insects and to share the knowledge of insects. In this paper, the framework of ontology based insect recognition is proposed. The framework includes training layer, ontology layer and recognition layer as well as methods for communicating between different layers. The training layer includes insect image samples database, feature extraction, insect feature knowledge database, insect type knowledge database; the ontology layer includes insect image visual feature ontology, insect image media feature ontology, classification module, insect morphology and taxonomy ontology.

Because the most algorithms of real color image enhancement did not relate to the spectral sensitivity of most people vision, the color restoration functions of some real color image enhancement algorithms are greatly at random and not proved , and the enhanced real color images which are based on illumination-reflectance model have the loss of details and the ‘halos’, we proposed a new algorithm to overcome these disadvantages. Firstly, we transform the real color image from RGB space to HSV space which is approximately orthonormal between the color and the value. Secondly, the illumination and the reflectance of the value are separated based on a new illumination-reflectance model described by stationary wavelet transform. We have obtained the conclusion that the illumination of image is mainly preserved in the low frequency part of stationary wavelet decomposition and the reflectance is mainly preserved in the high frequency parts. Thirdly, the dynamic range of illumination is compressed by Gaussian filtering. Lastly, the energy of the saturation of real color image in HSV space is attenuated according to the spectral sensitivity of most people vision. Experiments show that the color of image enhanced adapts well to the most people vision and is not obviously distorted, the preservation of the details is excellent and the ‘halos’ is effectively restrained. Real color image enhanced by the algorithm is much better than by the multi-scales Retinex's with color restoration (MSRCR).

Real color images are images with noise. The application of gray-scale image enhancement methods in the three-channel of images (R,G,B), on the one hand, increased noise, on the other hand, tended to have a color deviation, which impacted the effect of enhancement. In view of human visual system is more sensitive to lightness than hue, saturation and noise affects lightness more than a,b color channel in CIELab space. It proposed a method of image denoised and enhanced in CIELab space. In this paper, we transform a real color image from RGB space to CIELab space at first, then maintain a,b channel unchanged, decompose lightness channel into high frequency and low frequency information using wavelet transform. And then it directly compresses dynamic range of the j-scale low frequency information based on a new Illumination—Reflectance Model ,uses new threshold function to denoise in all scale high frequency information. At last, it transforms into a real color images from CIELab space to RGB space. Experiments show that image has a good dynamic compression range and slight color deviation, which improve the visual effects and the true effects of color.

Digital image enhancement provides good dynamic range compression in each red, green and blue (RGB)channel, but it fails in color rendition. In this letter, we propose to transform a real-color image from RGB space to HSV space at first.Then, saturation channel is enhanced by Butterworth high-pass homomorphic filter and value channel is enhanced by multi-scale Gaussian high-pass homomorphic filters. In addition , we propose anew method to fix on the cut-off frequency of high-pass filter in homomorphic enhancement algorithm and explain the ratio coefficient of high-pass filter.Experiments show the compression of real-color image dynamic range is obviously effective, and it successes in color rendition.

The goal of adding content-based 3d model retrieval to semantic web is to develop a rich set of 3d model semantic representation to enable both humans and machines to generate and understand model descriptions and processing which can be used to enable fast efficient retrieval from model collections. The purpose of Ontology for Content-based 3d Model retrieval is intended to describe model information regardless of storage, feature extraction, creation. In our research, the ontology includes the information on media features, low level visual descriptors and their relationship and non media features of 3d model. It is represented in RDF Schema and implemented in protege.

In order to share and reuse the insect knowledge the infrastructure of the semantic grid is needed and ontology provides the basis of management of semantics for the semantic grid. Therefore the ontology for insect morphology and taxonomy (IMTO) is developed. IMTO includes insect order sub-ontology and family sub-ontology. Protege 3.1 is used for ontology development of concepts and relationships that represent insect morphology and taxonomy

We present a new method to estimate the pose of human head from a monocular image in this paper. The method only uses a face model that formed by five points (four eye-corners and subnasale) in human face, does not need any auxiliary equipment. The estimation involves the research result of the anthropometry in the Mongolian race's feature we had obtained, and employs the theory of the projective geometry. We divide the pose computation into separate estimation of the orientation about X, Y and Z-axis, respectively. For the automatic detection of these points, active appearance models (AAM) are utilized in our experiment. It had been shown that the results of experiment -were very close with actual rotational angles of human face. Especially when facial rotation in a naturally small angle, less than 30/spl deg/, we can obtain the approximate accurate value of rotational angles by using this method.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly angiogenic malignancy that is resistant to standard therapy; neo-formed vessels of this aggressive malignancy are thought to arise by sprouting of pre-existing brain capillaries. However, the conventional anti-angiogenic therapy, which seemed promising initially, shows transitory and incomplete efficacy. The discovery of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) has offered a new horizon for understanding tumor vascularization. VM is a tumor cell-constituted, matrix-embedded fluid-conducting meshwork that is independent of endothelial cells and is positively correlated with poor prognosis. Therefore, a better understanding of GBM vasculature is needed to optimize anti-angiogenic therapy. This review focuses on the signaling molecules and cascades involved in VM in relation to ongoing glioma research, as well as the clinical translational advances in GBM that have been offered by the development of optimized anti-angiogenesis treatment modalities.

Background Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an alternative treatment modality for patients with glioma. The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of apoptosis contributes to the main therapeutic efficacy of BNCT and to compare the relative biological effect (RBE) of BNCT, γ-ray and reactor neutron irradiation. Methods The neutron beam was obtained from the Xi'an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) and γ-rays were obtained from [60Co] γ source of the Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU) in China. Human glioma cells (the U87, U251, and SHG44 cell lines) were irradiated by neutron beams at the XAPR or [60Co] γ-rays at the FMMU with different protocols: Group A included control nonirradiated cells; Group B included cells treated with 4 Gy of [60Co] γ-rays; Group C included cells treated with 8 Gy of [60Co] γ-rays; Group D included cells treated with 4 Gy BPA (p-borono-phenylalanine)-BNCT; Group E included cells treated with 8 Gy BPA-BNCT; Group F included cells irradiated in the reactor for the same treatment period as used for Group D; Group G included cells irradiated in the reactor for the same treatment period as used for Group E; Group H included cells irradiated with 4 Gy in the reactor; and Group I included cells irradiated with 8 Gy in the reactor. Cell survival was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) cytotoxicity assay. The morphology of cells was detected by Hoechst33342 staining and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometer (FCM). The level of Bcl-2 and Bax protein was measured by western blot analysis. Results Proliferation of U87, U251, and SHG44 cells was much more strongly inhibited by BPA-BNCT than by irradiation with [60Co] γ-rays (P < 0.01). Nuclear condensation was determined using both a fluorescence technique and electron microscopy in all cell lines treated with BPA-BNCT. Furthermore, the cellular apoptotic rates in Group D and Group E treated with BPA-BNCT were significantly higher than those in Group B and Group C irradiated by [60Co] γ-rays (P < 0.01). The clonogenicity of glioma cells was reduced by BPA-BNCT compared with cells treated in the reactor (Group F, G, H, I), and with the control cells (P < 0.01). Upon BPA-BNCT treatment, the Bax level increased in glioma cells, whereas Bcl-2 expression decreased. Conclusions Compared with γ-ray and reactor neutron irradiation, a higher RBE can be achieved upon treatment of glioma cells with BNCT. Glioma cell apoptosis induced by BNCT may be related to activation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2.