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Opium has been used traditionally for lowering blood lipids, diabetes, cancer, and postpone of cardiac diseases. The coronary angiography patients were divided to opium user and control group. SYNT...

At the core of digital transformation of the manufacturing industry is the objective to unlock data at multiple points of the production system and produce insights to improve and optimize all aspects of the business operations. Tremendous advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning make it possible to analyze a vast volume of the field and production data and translate them into optimization decisions. Real-time access to the data complements efficient machine learning inference for timely and actionable insights. Flexible and re-configurable manufacturing also demands high-performance, pervasive, and low-la-tency communication links supporting mobility of workers, devices, and robots. Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) introduced basic support for Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communication (urLLC) in Release-15 through intrinsic design features. Release-16 extends real-time capabilities of 5G NR to different verticals, addressing use cases in factory automation, the transport industry, and electrical power distribution. Wireless technologies such as 5G urLLC should co-exist with incumbent and emerging industrial Ethernet systems such as Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) in a heterogenous networking architecture. Hence, specification of interworking with TSN is also part of 3GPP Release-16. In this article, we discuss low-latency and high-reliability features supporting industrial automation, focusing on Release-16 design specifications. The interworking aspects with TSN and time synchronization accuracy limits are also highlighted, followed by performance evaluation of control and data traffic channels of 5G NR with respect to urLLC requirements.

Introduction: Brugada syndrome represents the clinical manifestation of a rare disease with genetic etiology. The syndrome is characterized by ventricular dysrhythmias associated with syncope or sudden cardiac death in the lack of any structural cardiac disease. The diagnosis of Brugada syndrome is established if a type 1 electrocardiographic (ECG) pattern of ST-segment and QRS morphology is present, in association with certain clinical manifestations and/or familial history. Case presentation: A 31-year-old male patient, without any medical history, presented in the emergency department (ED) of a clinical center. His only complaints consisted in palpitations, chest discomfort, and emotional stress related to the recent death of his wife. Earlier on the same day, his wife, a 25-year-old female was brought via emergency medical services (EMS) to the ED after presenting ventricular fibrillation. The female patient presented a long term history of chest pain and one year prior to this episode she presented idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, for which she had undergone implantation of an automated cardioverter defibrillator. As the couple were cousins, the EMS specialist suspected the presence of a familial cardiac disorder. The electrocardiogram of the male patient revealed a coved-type ST-segment elevation of 4 mm in leads V1–V3 compatible with type 1 Brugada syndrome. Conclusion: In case of Brugada syndrome, a genetic disorder associated with increased risk of SCD, the patient's first-degree relatives should be investigated as well, in order to identify the presence of the syndrome and to prevent SCD. As the sole established effective therapeutic measure for patients diagnosed with Brugada syndrome, ICD implantation should be considered in order to decrease the risk of syncope and SCD. This case is particular because a rare disease with familial etiology was identified in both husband and wife, who were cousins.

From medical to aerospace applications, construction on the Earth to construction on the other planets, additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which is commonly known as 3D printing, has revolutionized manufacturing and construction industries. In other word, other Renaissance era has been started by the born of AM technology. Since the early stage, AM technology developed the initial concepts such as workforce, production time, and costs to an advanced level. With further progression and introduction of multifunctional materials to 3D printing technology, a new chapter of attempts towards mechanization in many more industries, eliminating excessive components needed for fabricated devices, and post-fabrication processes has been launched, which undoubtedly are able to push limitations forwards automation in building and construction industry. Despite of passing almost three decades since the genesis of AM technology, its application in construction industry has not reached to its real potential due to the various numbers of reasons including inappropriate available 3D printing techniques for large-scale construction, limitations in the materials, economic issue due to the expensive equipment, etc. Appearance of new 3D printing methods suitable for structural printing such as contour crafting and binder jetting, have provided new paths towards automated building and construction industry. However, in respect of material science, numerous challenges must be addressed including developing smart cementitious composites suitable for 3D structural printing, reinforcement of cementitious composites during printing process, and 3D printing of fibre-reinforced cementitious composites. Achieving to high-performance printed cementitious composites are another challenge ahead. Highly likely, construction of real habitats on the other planets such as the Mars and Moon, would not be a dream if we could cope with present hurdles in 3D structural printing and develop innovative generation of 3D printers, such as robotic 3D printers. Hence, due to the important role of cement-based materials in the future of automated construction industry, this paper makes an attempt to represent a critical review of materials and methods for AM of cementitious composites, and will address challenges and future possibilities of this beneficial field of science.

Objective The detection of pulmonary embolism in emergency department requires an urgent therapeutic and diagnostic attention. This study was performed to determine the accuracy and efficacy of ultrasound in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Methods In this study, 110 patients who referred to the emergency department with traumatic embolism symptoms were enrolled. All the patients underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography. Patients were divided into positive and negative outcomes according to the results of transthoracic ultrasonography and CT angiography. Results In this study, 110 patients were enrolled, of whom 52 (47.3%) were male and 58 (52.7%) were female. Among the patients, 100 (90.9%) patients presented with dyspnea, whereas the frequency of pleural pain was 27% (24.5%). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for ultrasound were 45.67%, 77.41%, 88.09%, and 35.29%, respectively. The positive outcomes from CT scan were significantly associated with gender, p = 0.005. The gender and transthoracic ultrasonography outcomes were also significantly correlated, p = 0.019, and the outcomes of ultrasound were significantly different from those of CT scan, p = 0.008. Conclusion Transthoracic ultrasonography may be used to diagnose pulmonary embolism as a technique in the emergency department, especially in patients who are unable to move due to the severity of the disease. However, further comparative studies are required in this aspect.

INTRODUCTION Since mortality and morbidity of coronary artery disease are high, there is a need for non-invasive diagnostic methods for early diagnosis and prediction of ischemic heart disease (IHD) outcome. This study aimed to assess the relationship between angiographic findings, the Presystolic wave (PSW) and some of the ischemic related parameters in echocardiography of the patients with chronic stable angina. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on the patients with chronic angina pectoris who referred to a tertiary hospital for coronary angiography in Mashhad, Iran. Demographic and medical history of the patients, as well as echocardiography findings, including ejection fraction (EF), regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA), PSW and diastolic function were recorded. Angiographic findings, including SYNTAX score were also assessed. RESULTS A total of 220 patients (132 males and 88 females) with the mean age of 62.43 ± 11.40 years old participated in this study. The prevalence of PSW was 49.1%. The absence of the PSW was related to more RWMA (P =.002), and higher stages of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) (P =.029) and higher SYNTAX score (P =.001). There was a significant association between the absence of the PSW and EF categories, especially in severe LV systolic dysfunction (LVEF

Dear Editor, Coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens. In December 2019, a new virus from the coronavirus family, called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered the outbreak of pneumonia from Wuhan across China. The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through unknown intermediate animals. Currently, the lives of millions of people around the world are affected by the crisis caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 diseases, which has brought huge economic and social costs. Despite the efforts made in many countries to reduce the risks and the negative effects of this crisis, the damage and the resulting costs are still increasing. People with cancer are among the groups that need more attention and are highlighted as high-risk groups. The risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 as a consequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is not uniform. Evidence show that patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19 compared with the non-cancer population. It seems that cancer patients are at a higher risk of respiratory viruses such as influenza because of their frequently observed immunocompromised state. Patients with blood malignancies, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and multiple myeloma, along with those in active treatment for any type of cancer and people who have undergone bone marrow transplants are among the high-risk groups. According to the existing literature on COVID-19 pathogenesis and cancer, several shared features have been selected to define the risk assessment in cancer patients, including patient characteristics (such as older age, underlying diseases, obesity, and sex), disease characteristics, therapeutic characteristics, and clinical and laboratory variables. Given the competitive risks of cancer-related deaths and serious complications from SARS-CoV-2 and higher mortality, providing care for cancer patients in this crisis is a challenging task. Many cancer patients are seeking to find a cure for their disease due to cancellation or delay in treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. There are also concerns that patients with curable cancers, who need timely treatments, find the risk of COVID-19 higher than the benefits of cancer treatment. New findings from researchers in the United States show that 13% of patients, including cancer patients, who used a combination of azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine or just hydroxychloroquine for treatment died within one month. However, further testing is needed to determine the risks and benefits of these drugs. It has recently been reported that using a combination of the two drugs to treat cancer patients infected with COVID-19 has tripled their risk of death within 30 days. Hence, it is recommended that these patients do not use the mentioned drugs. Insufficient provision of personal protective equipment for health care providers, limited hospital capacity, including intensive care units, may be effective in providing care to people with cancer. Early treatment of cancer patients should not be compromised during the pandemic. However, patient management should be tailored to the best available resources, and the need for any intervention should be balanced against the increased risk of pandemic. In addition, alternative modified procedures, including counseling and treatment services such as home care and tele-nursing should be considered for cancer patients. The goals, alternative modified procedures, including counseling and treatment services, were to ensure the continuity of care and to protect the health care professionals from the infection. Health scholars in different disciplines have proposed another method to manage cancer patients; according to these scholars, in special circumstances, cyberspace like “WhatsApp”, “Telegram”, or “Instagram” should be used to communicate with patients and share educational materials and information. Moreover, training nurses to respond appropriately to patient needs, such as stress management and proper nutrition, is essential. Outpatients should be treated with the safest level of care and away from any danger. Several measures may help reduce the virus transmission as follows: training the proper communication rules and hand hygiene protocols, explaining infection control measures, teaching the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, highlighting the importance of staying home and non-exposure to high-risk individuals, and emphasizing the importance of reporting any new symptoms to physicians and health care providers. Attendance at the clinic should be limited only to patients themselves and a maximum of one companion; in addition, outpatient care clinics, including chemotherapy injection units should have careful screening and be prepared to identify possible cases safely and without risk of transmission. Currently and due to the limited data, there are no international guidelines to address the management of cancer patients in any infectious pandemic, but for each patient, a separate decision should be made according to age, general condition, stage, and spread of the disease, and the patients should consult their physician about this issue. At present, more than ever, the world needs to espouse perspectives free of race, religion, ethnicity, and gender to help countries come together for the sake of the health of all populations. Community participation, attention to the health of all cancer patients in all age groups, non-discrimination, access to quality services and information, and appropriate collaboration can help in this regard.

Background. Diabetes mellitus is recognized as one of the most common, serious, and costly chronic diseases. Opium addiction is also a common health problem in Iran. Given the high prevalence of opium use in South Khorasan Province and the increasing prevalence of opioid abuse in the community, this study was performed to investigate the effect of opioid abuse on the extent of disease in diabetic patients undergoing coronary angiography in the cardiology department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Birjand city, South Khorasan Province, Iran. Methods. This study recruited a total of 1051 diabetic patients who underwent coronary angiography in the cardiology department of Vali-e-Asr Hospital of Birjand city from 2011 to 2015. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 with the chi-square test and univariate regression analysis. P value Results. Among opiate-addicted diabetics, the risk of coronary artery disease was 0.44 times higher than among nonaddicted diabetics (range 0.24–0.77, P=0.004). The extent of coronary vessel involvement, when present, was not different between the two groups. Conclusion. Opiate-addicted diabetics appear to be more susceptible to CAD than their nonaddicted counterparts. The determinants and correlates of this interaction must be the subject of further study.

The article's abstract is no available.

Medical image contrast enhancement is an important issue playing a prominent role in the digital image processing applications in some areas such as Medical Imaging, Biometric Image Recognition, Satellite, and etc. Basically, image enhancement on the basis of Histogram Equalization fails to provide the better image contrast enhancement and brightness preservation which might cause loss inaccurate diagnostic information of medical images. Hence, in order to improve image quality in computer processing, it can modify the intensity of image pixels by image contrast enhancement. In this research, some important various image contrast enhancement methods such as HE, BBHE, DSIHE, GHE, CLAHE, QWAGC-FIL, are simulated based on retinal image. This practical study attempts to focus upon the comparative analysis of various image contrast enhancement techniques.

Background: Lead e?ects on children and pregnant women are grave, and screening tests would be logical to detect high blood lead levels (BLLs) in early stages. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were taken from the pregnant mothers who referred to midwifery clinic with further phone interview postdelivery. Results: In 100 patients evaluated, the mean age was 29 ± 5 years (median interquartile range gestational age of 33 [24, 37] weeks). Tere was a signifcant correlation between polluted residential area and median BLL ( P = 0.044) and substance exposure ( P = 0.02). Te median BLL was signifcantly lower in those without a history of lead toxicity in the family ( P = 0.003). Te only factor that could predict the BLL levels lower than 3.2 and 5 µ g/dL was living in the nonindustrial area. All pregnant women delivered full?term live babies. Conclusion: Positive history of lead toxicity in the family and living in polluted areas may pose a higher BLL in pregnant women.

Traditional companies used to design products, evaluate marketing messages, and control product distribution channels with a low level of customer contribution. Nonetheless, with the advancements in communication and information technologies, the interaction between customers and company is much higher compared to the past, and it is no longer solely controlled by the companies, thus, users can now impact companies by simultaneously playing two roles as value creators and as consumers. The present study develops a conceptual framework for value co-creation in small- and medium-sized tourism agencies. The sample consisted of 23 purposefully selected employees and managers of small- and medium-sized tourism agencies. Data were extracted from semi-structured interviews and analyzed with open and axial coding. For validity, an eight-person panel of experts was asked to review the framework and to apply corrective comments. The reliability was tested using a re-test method, which confirmed the reliability of the coding with a re-test reliability of 79%. Based on the findings, the proposed framework contains eight components including value inception, value conception, value risk, resource planning, platform, actors, co-creation process, co-created value, and learning process, whose components were identified and encoded.