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Background The complexity of healthcare and concurrent advances in technology have promoted Interprofessional Education (IPE) in healthcare schools to prepare students to collaborate on interdisciplinary teams. Since 2016, healthcare curricula in Taiwan have incorporated IPE-based capstone courses to enhance creativity. To better understand the predictors of team creativity could help educators improve IPE and outcomes for nursing students and patients. Purpose To determine whether nursing students' demographic characteristics, individual creativity, and perceived team interaction behaviors, team swift trust, team conflict, and team task interdependence may predict high perceived team creativity in IPE settings. Methods A cross-sectional study design included nursing students (N = 99) at a science and technology university in Taiwan. Data from self-report questionnaires included variables for demographic characteristics, individual creativity, and perceived team characteristics. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed predictors of high perceived team creativity. Results Nursing students who perceived high team creativity also perceived higher interaction behaviors and lower process conflict than those who perceived less creativity. Spontaneous communication and team task conflict predicted high perceived team creativity. Conclusions Nursing educators could increase team creativity in IPE by encouraging spontaneous communication and constructive task-oriented conflict management. This may benefit patient outcomes in the future.

Medication errors are a common problem in healthcare, particularly in elderly individuals, who often have multiple prescriptions due to chronic diseases. At present, the design of most commercial drug packaging do not take into account the deteriorating sensory, nervous, and musculoskeletal functions of the elderly, leading to errors in taking medications as a consequence of visual and/or behavioral impairments. Attempt have been made to optimize the designs of healthcare products and services, for example, medication bags using experience-based co-design (EBCD), by involving different stakeholders such as elderly individuals; however, the elderly have mostly played passive roles during those processes. Although the elderly were consulted, they rarely in fact participated in the product design process. This study therefore combined EBCD and design thinking to establish a user-centered elder and youth co-creation (EYCC) model, the process of which included five workshops: engage, empathize, define, ideate, and prototype and test. The participants of this study included 9 individuals between the ages of 61 and 74, who themselves or their family members were suffering from chronic diseases and were taking multiple types of medications, and 8 young designers. All participants cooperated together on the redesign of medication bags. The results of this study show that the workshops in the EYCC model improved the general self-efficacy of a number of the elderly participants and significantly improved the empathy of the young designers; however, improvements in drug compliance of the elderly participants were not found. The positive findings of this study can serve as a reference for future co-creation procedures involving the elderly and youth.

Patients having serious postpartum emotional disorder could have the intention of committing suicide or be in the danger of harming the new-born baby. Some researchers have developed a postpartum emotional disorder assistance mobile application, We’ll, with social support as its core structure. Emotional support for the patients suffering postpartum emotional disorder can be enhanced through the interactive function of making wishes to further ease their depression problems. The study aimed to understand the subjective usability and willingness of use for the target users of We’ll APP and discuss the actual needs of the users to further propose the optimized plans and suggestions for the mobile application. In this study, 15 subjects, satisfied the criteria of being a Taiwanese puerpera around 20 to 40 years old with child-birth experience, were recruited. The subjects are required to operate the We’ll APP and perform 12 predetermined tasks for the evaluation of system usability scale (SUS). The willingness of use, satisfaction and other suggestions to the APP can be understood from semi-structured interview. The overall average score of SUS is 79.5, which is higher than the previous study. Hence, it is known that the usability of We’ll APP satisfied the standards. We proposed and suggested the following plans to make subsequent optimization and revision based on the feedback of the subjects during the interview: (1) Create personal pregnancy experience database for users. (2) Set up prompt reminder function. (3) Create mothers’ forum. (4) Enhance online real-time professional medical care consultation.

This study examined the effect of participant physique on the increase in shank circumference (ISC) for the 2-hr standing. We recruited 20 healthy male participants (10 with normal body mass index (BMI) and 10 who were overweight) and examined their ISC every 20 min under two prolonged standing conditions (static and intermittent standing). Results showed that prolonged standing types, physiques, and sustained time significantly influence the ISC. The ISC during intermittent standing (mean = 0.38 cm) was significantly lower than that observed during static standing (mean = 0.52cm). That is, 1 min of relaxation after every 20 min of standing can effectively relieve the load on the participants’ shank during standing. The normal (BMI = 21.9) group exhibited a significantly higher ISC than the overweight group (BMI = 26.5) did. This increase was also reflected in the subjective discomfort rating results. The standing type may be more dominant than the worker's physique on the lower-limb loading when performing prolonged standing tasks.

Many health care education programs, particularly those in Taiwan, have begun offering capstone product-based curricula, not only to improve nursing students' problem-solving skills but also to foster creativity and innovation regarding health care issues. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative design to explore the efficacy of teaching for creativity among nurse faculty in Taiwan. Results showed knowledge of intellectual property rights was low, as was ability to creatively evaluate trademark and patent designs. Curiosity was the main predictor associated with self-efficacy of teaching for creativity.

Postpartum emotional disorders depending on the severity of symptoms can be divided into postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis. Those who develop severe symptoms may intend to commit suicide or harm the newborn. Therefore, these women need professional medical assistance and care services. A previous study (Kao 2017) used social support as the basis to develop a simulation trial version of a mobile application (App), We’ll, which helps women suffering from postpartum emotional disorders relieve depression via its function of interaction. The We’ll app for the present study is a trial simulation version. The official version of Android We’ll system hasn’t been evaluated its usability yet. The purpose of the study is for the usability evaluation of Android We’ll system. The researchers indicated users’ usability, satisfaction, and feedback regarding the interface and functional frameworks of the current app version. This study recruited 30 participants with the inclusion criteria of Taiwanese women aged 20 to 40 years who had experience in giving birth. Task testing comprised 12 items covering all functions provide by the app. All of the participants completed all tasks. The participants were asked to perform thinking aloud during the task testing period. On the basis of the feedback to the thinking aloud process during the test, interface operation issues were categorized into three types of errors, namely, navigation error, presentation error, and control error by the nature of errors and severity regarding how the errors influenced task completion. The overall average score of the SUS was 70.5, higher than the designated standard average of the SUS. Therefore, the satisfaction toward We’ll met the standard level. After the aforementioned procedure, usability task testing results were organized to determine the following problems that need to be solved. (a) Redesign the house icons of friends, family, and hospital on the home page (b) Enlarge the click area of friend and family rows (c) Improve the presentation of the EDPS test results, change the histogram into numeral score feedback, and add suggestions and reminders (d) Establish a dynamic tutorial for first-time login users.

Background Recently, empirical researchers have observed direct associations between conflict and interaction behaviors within organizational teams. However, research concerning indirect links between conflict and interaction behaviors on interdisciplinary teams in nursing school is scant, particularly in Taiwan. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the relationships among various types of conflict and interaction behaviors on interdisciplinary nursing education teams. Design, setting, and participants This study utilized a cross-sectional, quantitative, descriptive design. The authors collected survey data from 99 nursing students who participated in 18-week capstone courses of small interdisciplinary groups collaborating to design healthcare products in Taiwan during 2018 and 2019. Methods Questionnaires assessed the nursing students' perceptions about their teams' conflicts (of task, process, and relationship), and interaction behaviors (constructive controversy, helping behaviors, and spontaneous communication). The authors used descriptive statistics to compare demographics, conflict scores, and interaction behavior scores for collocated and distributed interdisciplinary teams. A Pearson's analysis identified correlations among the variables and their components, and the SPSS PROCESS macro showed moderating effects of spontaneous communication on the relationship between distributed team and conflict subscales. Results After confirming the distributed team experienced significantly more conflict than the collocated team, we found significant negative correlations between constructive controversy and both process conflict and relationship conflict on the distributed team. Another interaction behavior, spontaneous communication, had a moderating effect on the relationships between the distributed team and both task conflict and relationship conflict. Conclusion In interdisciplinary educational settings for nursing students, spontaneous communication may moderate the types of conflict that distributed teams are more likely than collocated teams to experience. Constructive controversy may be especially effective at mitigating conflict on distributed teams. Nursing educators may refer to these insights to improve outcomes for educational interdisciplinary healthcare teams.

The aim of this study is to address languages barriers and cultural barriers problems through experience-based design (EBD) approach, that may occur in healthcare settings faced by the increasing numbers of foreigners in Taiwan. This study put foreigners at the center in the service of a healthcare system, applied the modified EBD approach to understand their needs and to improve the health check service process for them. The results of this study showed that EBD approach could come out appreciate solutions to solve languages barriers and improve foreigner’s health check service quality. Because of the foreign patient joined the process and co-design to figure out the solution that has potential to reduce their negative feelings.

The purpose of this study is to determine how many of face features and their combinations could be better comprehensive for different level of physical exertion. Thirty-four healthy volunteers, including 18 males and 16 females were recruited from a university population to participate in the study. There were four types of stimuli outline faces including one holistic condition and three partial face conditions were examined. The sequence of displaying the four types of stimuli faces was from single feature to multi-feature, the order was mouth only condition, eyebrows with eyes condition, eyebrows with mouth condition, and holistic face condition. The main finding of this study is that the different combination of face feature stimuli would influence on perceiving the facial expression of effort. If the key features of facial expression were shown no matter other features were reduction, participants could still correctly understand the information.

Occupational noise still remains one of the most prevalent occupational health and safety problems. Hearing protectors are very important in providing proper protection for workers’ hearing ability in noisy working environments. The protection efficiency of wearing hearing protectors such as earplug depends heavily on whether it is fitting inner the ear. Three-dimensional (3D) surface anthropometry enables us to collect key dimensions to fit between ear canal and earplug. However, few studies explore the relationship between hearing protectors and 3D canal data. Therefore, this study employs an ear impression injection and 3D scanning of ear impression to measure the external auditory canal size of Taiwanese adult, and find the key dimensions of EAC to provides a reference for hear protecting earplug design. 220 ear canal impressions were taken from both side ears of 110 adults. The portable 3D Camera was used to collect 3D auditory canal data from the ear impression models. The results of the study show that the key dimensions of external auditory canal for hearing protection are the length, width, depth of cavum concha, the ear aperture length and width, the canal isthmus, and the length of from ear aperture to first bend and second bend. In addition, we find the differences in ear canal size between men and women. The results of this study can give references for designing and choosing earplugs, achieve the objective of hearing protection for workers.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hyperuricemia are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. However, findings regarding the relationship between serum uric acid (UA) level and components of MetS have been inconsistent. This study was performed to explore the potential value of UA level as a marker of MetS among male and female Chinese of different ages.Methods: A total of 5896 subjects (2960 females and 2936 males) were recruited from the Department of Health Management at the Chang Gung Medical Center. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum UA value >7.0 mg/dL for males or >6.0 mg/dL for females. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the Adult Treatment Panel III, as modified for Chinese subjects. Serum UA was used to differentiate MetS and to calculate epidemiological indices by means of discriminate analysis and logistic regression.Results: The sensitivity and specificity of serum UA concentration as a marker of MetS ranged from 55.2% to 61.4% and 61.9% to 68.4%, respectively. Subjects with high UA had a higher risk of MetS, with odds ratios ranging from 1.23 to 1.82 (P < 0.01). A positive correlation between serum UA and MetS was observed in both sexes. Serum UA and the occurrence of MetS rose with increasing age in females; in males, however, UA values did not vary with age.Conclusions: Serum UA is more closely associated with MetS in females than in males. High UA among middle-aged women may predict the development of MetS.

Information concerning the association of serum UA levels and the development of MS in the Chinese aging population is limited. The aims of this study were to investigate age-related metabolic disorders and analyze the relationship between serum UA levels and the components of MS in the elderly. This cross-sectional observational study was performed in subjects from the Department of Health Examination, including 1182 subjects aged ≧65 years; among these subjects, 528 were women (mean age, 70.7 ± 4.8 years) and 654 were men (mean age, 71.4 ± 5.3 years). All the subjects underwent three-dimensional (3-D) whole-body scanning for accurate anthropometric measurements. Data analyses were performed using SPSS software. Results: MS, hyperuricemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) were present in 53.9%, 40.6%, 33.1%, and 30.1% of the subjects, respectively. Univariate statistical analysis showed that age, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, high-density lipoprotein levels, triglyceride levels, WBC count, and related anthropometric indices differed significantly in subjects categorized according to serum UA levels. In conclusion, our study showed that a high percentage of elderly subjects had hyperuricemia. The results showed an association between serum UA levels and cardiovascular risk factors, and this finding warrants concern with regard to the aging population.

Visual information such as pictures, drawings or dynamic videos is often designed to facilitate learning and instruction. Many studies have explored the effectiveness of presenting procedural learning information through comparing different media and combinations of media; however the mapping of a task and its specific media is still not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using different kinds of visual information aids on learning a procedural task performance for larger scale equipment. The comparison between the three factors (dynamic, planned, and abstract) of the five learning media indicated the significant effect of different kinds of visual information. The findings show that for this specific learning purpose, the alternative media types for visual information instruction should be utilized. The second and also most important finding in this research is that well-designed and planned pictures were much better than unplanned ones. The third finding is that the abstract drawing is also very important in specific learning situations.

Clothes fitting simulation is of great importance in assisting online fashion shopping. Recently, human mannequin and clothes simulations have improved to the point that they can generate realistic animation of clothes in real-time. However, under the constraints of online technologies, e.g. server calculation and download speed, this function is only available with larger online retailers. With the consideration of a low cost system installation and limited Internet download speeds, an experimental online toolkit development was undertaken. It consisted of creating and adjusting the digital human model, digitalising clothes data and virtually fitting clothes. Finally, the whole process was integrated into an online fashion shop.

Increasingly there are more and more advantageous technical facilities and automated systems visible in business conference rooms. One of most advantageous media from the central system to users is the wireless facility controller and it is expected to bring individuals more convenience and efficiency by assisting them to control many kinds of media. This paper discusses 'usability analysis' with a 'scenario-based' approach on 'user-oriented' design concepts early on in the product design process through a practical case study concerning the controller. This study suggests a practical approach of scenario and usability analysis through a simple, structured framework. The framework is outlined by three major components: the design strategy from analyzing competitors' products with scenario-based approach consisting of user, product, applications and field of use as context variables, usability analysis with product interaction and user' observations with existing problems.

Designing for Chinese industries and the new China market has became a 'hot' issue within the global and Chinese industrial design society. The characteristics of low labor costs and hard-working Chinese have had an effect on the rapid economic development within the region as a whole. The purpose of this paper is to analyze state of the art industrial development within Taiwan and Mainland China, and to evaluate the critical problems of industrial design development in both regions. Additionally to discover how Taiwan Chinese digital technology industries confront this situation with user-oriented design (UOD). This paper synthesizes six approaches to carry out an innovative product development framework of new product development procedures, with user oriented scenario predictions and experience innovation approach. These approaches not only generate original design data from a user's point of view, but furthermore make it much easier to get consensus from product development teams and really create innovative designs through interdisciplinary collaboration to create innovative cultural enterprises.