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Systolic processors offer a hardware design which can accommodate more functions in a small footprint. Hardware utilization efficiency can be enhanced by appropriately designating the intended hardware with a task in space and time through parallel computing platforms. Regular algorithms known for their computational complexity can be mapped to systolic array by dependence graphs, which allot hardware to the design data. Manual mapping techniques tend to be tedious with more inaccuracy and calls for efficient mapping techniques, automated through algorithmic procedures. Texture Analysis marks the preliminary progression of image analysis and interpretation. Automotive systems, Robotics, Industrial processing and similar automated applications can be simplified through texture analysis. This work deals with employing evolutionary algorithms for mapping texture analysis onto systolic architecture. Memetic Algorithms (MA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms were comparatively studied and the efficiency of designing a parallel architecture through systolic array is analyzed through cost function and processing time.

BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of gum which surrounds and supports the teeth. Globally, periodontal disease is one of the most common oral diseases. Unhealthy periodontium has been connected to systemic conditions like pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Periodontal disease affects individuals of all ages, but it is most commonly seen in elderly patients. According to the World Health Organization, nearly 65 % of people have respiratory problems due to periodontal disease. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) is defined as the maximum rate and speed of expiration of an individual. We wanted to determine and compare PEFR in acute and chronic periodontitis. METHODS The present case control study was carried out among patients in the 20 - 40 years age group, who were attending outpatient department of Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. Study participants were grouped into three categories as ‘normal individuals’, ‘patients with acute periodontitis’ and ‘patients with chronic periodontitis’; each group had 20 people. Spirometer was used to detect the peak expiratory flow rate. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. P value of less than or equal to 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. RESULTS Results were obtained and expressed as mean ± SD. The Tukey HSD Post-hoc Test was used. Significance value is < 0.05. PEFRs are 420 ± 21.37 and 317 ± 21.05 in control and periodontitis individuals, respectively. P values for these criteria were < 0.05. Males have a high PEFR when compared to females in normal individuals group. This difference was statistically not significant. Females have a high PEFR when compared to males in patients with acute periodontitis. This difference was statistically not significant. Males have a high PEFR when compared to females with chronic periodontitis. When compared within and between groups, it was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis could be a key source of respiratory disorders. This study shows that acute periodontitis expiratory flow rate was greater than chronic periodontitis expiratory flow rate. Proper maintenance of oral health and early detection of periodontitis may aid in reducing the frequency of respiratory problems due to periodontitis. KEY WORDS Acute Periodontitis, Chronic Periodontitis, Peak Flow Meter, Respiratory Disease

Nasal medication known as Nasya (medication through nasal route) is one among the Panchakarma (five internal bio-cleansing therapies) procedures which delivers drugs through the nasal route to cure ailments related to head and neck. Ayurvedic classics explain management of Sanyasa (coma) with immediate administration of most Tikshna (high potency) Nasya (medication through nasal route) and Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya (Nasya therapy by medicated powder insufflations). The present case report attempts to disclose the significance of an Ayurveda treatment modality Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya in an unanticipated medical condition (deep stupor) happened to a patient admitted to National Ayurveda Research Institute for Panchakarma (NARIP) Cheruthuruthy for the treatment of low back pain. On examination of the case, it was found that the patient was in deep stupor (Grade III state of awareness as per Grady coma Scale- and score seven on Glasgow coma scale GGCS). In this case, Rasnadi Choorna was selected for Pradhamana Nasya. The medicine was administered after placing the medicinal powder in a fine thin cotton cloth and a Pottali was made and it was just introduced into patent’s nostrils. Immediately after the administration of Pradhamana/Dhmapana Nasya the patient wake up from deep stupor state and became alert. This case report is an attempt to reveal the effect of Nasya in an unexpected medical condition and it also gives a new ray of hope to conditions of disturbed consciousness through nasal route of drug delivery.

Tuberculosis threatens to destroy millions across the globe. There is an urgent need for new methods to prevent and treat the disease. Similar to most microorganisms, mycobacterium tuberculosis - the causative agent of tuberculosis, requires iron for important metabolic pathways. Since iron is not readily accessible in the host, pathogens must compete aggressively to create an infection for this metal, but they must also carefully regulate the acquisition of iron, as excess free iron can be highly toxic. The aim of the study was to create awareness of iron blockage and stop tuberculosis among college students. A descriptive survey was conducted among various college students using questionnaires in google forms. The questionnaire consists of 16 questions were framed based on the knowledge and awareness of iron knowledge to stop tuberculosis and receive a response from 100 participants. In this survey, 67.53% were aware of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cause tuberculosis in the human body and 59.74% were aware that bacteria which causes tuberculosis to need iron to survive but 27.27% were not aware. Majority of participants were aware that iron was capable of restarting replication and refractive to antibodies and trigger the state of persistence bacteria. Nearly 57.14% of participants Mycobacterium tuberculosis has a remarkable ability to persist in the absence of Fe, but 19.48% stated it does not survive. By this current survey, it can be evident that the majority of participants are educated about knowledge of tuberculosis associated with causes, main role and physiological mechanisms involved in it.

HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus which cripples the immune system and causes AIDS; with no effective cure. It can be diagnosed by many techniques like HIV-Antigen/antibody test, Nucleic acid test-CD4 T Cell count, viral load (HIV RNA)-drug-resistant, complications test, tuberculosis, hepatitis B or C-STIS, Liver or kidney damage. The aim of this study was to assess the popular perception about the advances in diagnostics of HIV among the general population. An online survey with a self-structured questionnaire was prepared based on the advances in diagnostics of HIV/AIDS. A questionnaire containing 10 questions was distributed among the general population through an online survey platform. Results were analyzed using SPSS software version 2.0. 37% of them were aware of the various HIV diagnostic tests and the majority were not aware. 92% of the population believed that Antigen/antibody test can also be a diagnostic test for HIV. 69% were familiar about the recent testing methods which have the potency to diagnose p24. Based on this survey, it was concluded that the general population was well aware about the recent techniques of diagnostics used in HIV.

A natural immune booster is an additional immunizing agent which helps to increase and sustain the immune response of the body Circumin is an active compound in turmeric which is a natural antioxidant which is used as an immune booster, antimicrobial, antipathogen and as a detoxifying agent Pepper contains piperine that has antioxidant potential which will decrease the level of lipid peroxidase and has immunomodulatory activity, it increases macrophage migration index and phagocytic index The vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant that reduces the duration and severity of upper respiratory tract infections Along with natural immune boosters, healthy practices like yoga and meditation will regulate and maintain organ functions, thereby improving our immunity The main aim of the study is to create an awareness on natural dietary immunoboosters to combat COVID 19 A self structured questionnaire comprising of about 15 questions was prepared and circulated through online based i e Google forms The results were obtained and statistically analyzed through SPSS software The survey was done on a small scale population comprising 110 participants in which 62 male (56 4%) and 48 female (43 6%) participated About 95 5% of the population are aware that taking citrus fruits that have vitamin C will boost their immunity but only 4 5% of them are not aware 80% of the population are aware that green tea is a powerful antioxidant which will help in building immunity but 9 1% were not aware and 10 9% was not sure of the fact 82 7% of the population are well aware that spinach and other green vegetables have to be cooked as little as possible to retain nutrients present in them but only 10 9% of them were not sure and 6 4% of them were not aware © 2020 Global Research Online All rights reserved

This research endeavours to explore the impact of leadership styles towards organizational commitment in influencing employees and employer’s outcomes in the context of organizational commitment. Based on this theory, two leadership styles practices, namely, Transformational Leadership and Transactional Leadership, have been used to examine employees’ and employer’s reactions towards commitment in the organization chosen which is Amogha Maju Sdn Bhd, Kuching, Sarawak. Data were acquired from employees in administrative level through interview questions. Thus, researcher acknowledge that the employees were influenced by Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles.

BACKGROUND Glucocorticoids and L-asparaginase form essential components of induction therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL). These drugs produce hyperglycaemia in about 10-16% in children and 10-56% among adults. Hyperglycaemia has been associated with shorter duration of remission, decreased survival periods, increased infections and mortality rate. We wanted to study the prevalence of hyperglycaemia in patients suffering from ALL and the impact of hyperglycaemia during induction therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS ALL patients admitted in the medicine ward and paediatric ward (Haematology) from July 2017-October 2018 were included in the study. Known cases of diabetes were excluded. Random blood glucose levels >200 mg/dL or fasting blood glucose >126 mg/dL in two occasions were defined as hyperglycaemia. All hyperglycaemic patients were treated with insulin (Basal and Sliding Scale). RESULTS The incidence of hyperglycaemia in the study was 23%. All of the hyperglycaemic patients were above 30 years of age. The prevalence of infections including bacterial and fungal infection was more in the hyperglycaemic group. The complete remission (CR) was achieved in 76.08% patients. There were 11 deaths during induction and 4 deaths after CR. CONCLUSION Bacterial sepsis and fungal infections are more common in hyperglycaemic patients. Hyperglycaemia associated with increased mortality rate and causing decreased CR.

With the rapid increase in the economy, the number of vehicles has grown extensively in the past few years. This leads to a sequence of traffic-related issues, starting with the driver’s and passenger’s safety, traffic congestion, and transportation delay. Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can provide a better solution for the above problems, by smartly connecting the vehicles. Thus, every vehicle senses and shares traffic-related information with other vehicles through the Internet. IoV provides smart and intelligent applications that consume a significant amount of computing power and network resources. However, the limited computational capacity of onboard ECUs makes it difficult to perform these highly demanding applications. Moreover, the data sensed from the vehicles are processed on the cloud data centers, which reside at multi-hop distance from the IoV devices. Thus, a longer period is required to pass the data between the IoV devices and applications resulting in degradation of application service delivery time and network congestion. This possesses a severe threat to the driver’s safety. To tackle these challenges, fog and edge computing can be used as an innovative technology that acts as an extension of the cloud at edge network. Edge computing provides processing of data at the Internet gateways, whereas fog computing includes gateways and additional computing components to reduce the burdens of resources and services from the user. In this paper, a detailed survey on fog and edge computing for smart and secure vehicular communications has been discussed. It also elaborates on the application management and mobility of fog computing nodes in vehicular environments.

Introduction: Toothache is the pain or inflammation in the tooth. A symptom of toothache includessensitivity, gum bleeding, cavities etc. Toothache can occur due to improper an dental care and oral hygienepractice which is one of the commonest reasons. The genus Helichrysum consists of about 600 specieswhich are flowering in the family of sunflower. The other names are Italian strawflower and Immortelle.It grows on dry, rocky and sandy regions in the Mediterranean. It has anti-inflammatory, antispasmodicand analgesic properties. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of helichrysum oil on toothache.Materials and Methods: The sample size of the study was 15 individuals with toothache who visited thedental clinics. Participants having periodontal problems, cardiovascular problems were excluded from thestudy. To every 2 drops of helichrysum oil, 1 ml of coconut oil was added. The intensity of the pain wasmeasured by using the pain scale. The participants were given to apply it on the gingival area of the painfultooth. The patients were followed to know the intensity of pain after a few hours. The results were tabulatedand then statistically analysed. Results and Discussion: 27% of the participants have moderate pain after afew hours of application of oil. 26% of them have less pain. 13% of participants have very little pain. 27%of them do not feel any change in the intensity of pain. 7% have high pain. Conclusion: From this studyit was evident that helichrysum oil had an effect in reducing the tooth ache as helichrysum possess antiinflammatoryproperties.

Here we report a case of peri-ovarian hematoma following ovum pick-up in a patient in a pooling cycle IVF (in vitro fertilization). We have attempted to discuss the possible mechanisms for the development of hematoma in such patients, the common clinical presentation, monitoring, and management of these cases. The decision to operate or to manage conservatively forms an important aspect of managing such patients. This case report can help to keep the clinicians alert while managing this subgroup of patients.

This paper proposes the Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) for different Application, Advances and Challenges as high data rate multimedia services are evolving continuously and exponentially increasing the demand for wireless capacity 5G generation and upgrading Technologies. These are used to bypass the RF transmission band, which is inadequate to meet the demand for future high data rate 5G services. It offers services for both indoor and outdoor application as well as in the submerged area with contact distances ranging from nm to more than 10,000 km. This paper provides an overview and performance analysis of technical communication involving Visible light, Line of sight underwater, free space, optical communication, optical camera communication and light detection for all surveys of keys understanding technologies (OWCs) and presents them as aspects of criteria such as spectrum use, application, design, classification advances and challenges.

Background: Recent alarming increase in breast cancer, especially in younger women, has been attributedto the increasing usage of mobile cellular phones and their placement in contact with the body especially thebreast region. The bio-effects of high frequency electromagnetic radiations accompanied by thermal damageto the tissues play an important role in tumor initiation and progression.Method: The study was carried out in 260 working women from Pondicherry. They were questioned aboutmobile phone keeping behavior using a three item questionnaire.Results: Women involved in unskilled job kept their mobile phones more proximal to the breast regionwhen compared to the women engaged in white collar job. However the duration of mobile phone usagewas higher in the latter group.Conclusion: Longitudinal studies to follow up the relationship between mobile phone keeping behavior anddevelopment of breast cancer need to be undertaken. Hence we propose researchers to ask for history aboutmobile phone keeping behavior while dealing with breast cancer patients.

Esthetic dentistry can be defined as the art and science of dentistry applied to create or enhance beautyof an individual within functional and physiological limits. Esthetics is the branch of philosophy dealingwith beauty. In dentistry, The theory and philosophy that deal with beauty1 and the beautiful, especiallywith respect to the appearance of a dental restoration, as achieved through its form of colour. The aim ofthis study is to assess the dental esthetics awareness among dental students. Survey was conducted online.Questionnaire which consists of 10 questions was prepared and distributed through google forms. Studypopulation consists of 100 dental students. This creates awareness about aesthetics and helps to understandthe importance of aesthetics and also provide required technology. This studies shows a high level of selfconsciousness and the findings of the studies prove that even slight variations have greater impact onphysiological functional and physical aspects.

Cloud computing is a type of internet based computing that provides shared computer processing resources and data to computers and other devices on demand [pay per-use model] which is changing the world around us. The reason to go for cloud computing is that it gives cost effective, flexible, mobility, secure, scalable, etc. However, the growing demand of cloud infrastructure has considerably increased the energy consumption of data centers, that has become a critical issue and thereby it increased the emission of carbon dioxide (co2) which is not environmentally friendly. To overcome this issue the technique called Green cloud computing appears that can not only save energy, but also reduce operational cost consumption is reduced in data centers by scheduling the job using priority algorithm at the rate of Power Usage Effectiveness [PUE] called PP Scheduling Algorithm. Power usage efficiency (PUE) is a metric used to determine the energy efficiency of a data center. Before the job is allocated to the data center, PUE rate for each data center is calculated and the data center with the efficient or average PUE rate is chosen for the job allocation in order to reduce the power consumption.

This paper addresses two fundamental problems in the absorptive capacity (AC) literature: conceptual ambiguity on what AC is and a lack of synthesized empirical findings showing how AC matters for firm outcomes. We take a two-pronged approach to address these problems: (1) conceptual distillation of the literature to discern the core AC dimensions, outcomes, and contingent external knowledge conditions and (2) meta-analysis of the empirical literature to synthesize the findings. For conceptual distillation, we identify three dimensions of AC: absorptive effort (i.e., the knowledge-building investments made by a firm), absorptive knowledge base (i.e., the current knowledge stock of a firm), and absorptive process (i.e., a firm’s internal procedures and practices related to knowledge diffusion). We develop these dimensions by explicating their theoretical roots, functions, mechanisms, and corresponding measures. Leveraging the conceptual distillation, we conduct meta-analyses of the empirical literature and synthesize key findings. We find that AC has a significant positive effect on firm outcomes and that the most commonly used dimension, absorptive effort, has the lowest mean effect size. We also find that knowledge acquisition and innovation generation fully mediate the effect of absorptive knowledge base but partially mediate the effects of absorptive effort and absorptive process on firm performance. Furthermore, AC’s effects on firm outcomes vary across external knowledge contingencies. Overall, this paper provides a strong theoretical and empirical basis to advance a dimensional approach in AC research and thereby facilitates a more rigorous research necessary for cumulative knowledge development on this important topic.

Research Questions: How did the small satellite ecosystem emerge and evolve? Although the first modern small satellite UoSat-1 was successfully launched in 1981, and the CubeSat dominant design was introduced in 1999, the sales takeoff of small satellites did not occur until the early 2010s. What explains this long time period?

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the major global health challenges of the 21st century. It is a chronic disease leading to multiple complications bearing a lot of social, physical and financial impact on individuals and society. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of DM that is developed in a few pregnant women although it usually reverts back to normalcy after delivery. However, it is well established that the risk in developing DM at a later stage in their lives increases with GDM. Very few works done in this area explore the possibility of using prognostic Machine Learning algorithms to predict occurrence of DM after GDM. In this paper, we conduct a methodical review of current practices, and then analyze GDM data from our University hospital to identify predisposing factors that could be used as inputs to different ML techniques.

Over the past decade or so the amount of data on the Internet has increased exponentially. Thus arises the need for a system that processes this immense amount of data into useful information that can be easily understood by the human brain. Text summarization is one such popular method under research that opens the door to dealing with voluminous data. It works by generating a compressed version of the given document by preserving the important details. Text summarization can be classified into Abstractive and Extractive summarization. Extractive summarization methods reduce the burden of summarization by selecting a subset of sentences that are important from the actual document. Although there are many suggested approaches to this methodology, researchers in the field of natural language processing are especially attracted to extractive summarization. The model that is introduced in this paper implements extractive text summarization using a supervised approach with the minimalistic features extracted. The results reported by the proposed model are quite satisfactory with an average ROUGE-1 score of 0.51 across 5 reported domains on the BBC news article dataset.

The incidence of breast carcinoma is on the rise in Asian countries like India and pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases encountered here. Although coexistence of active pulmonary tuberculosis and breast cancer in same patient is rare, it poses a huge challenge to the anaesthetist when patients having the above conditions concomitantly are posted for surgeries like mastectomy. Here we report the anaesthetic management of a case of breast carcinoma with active pulmonary tuberculosis managed successfully under thoracic epidural anaesthesia chosen to avoid major hemodynamic, respiratory and other complications like operation theatre pollution and drug interactions between anti tubercular and anticancer drugs and drugs used for general anesthesia.

INTRODUCTION A study conducted in 58 cases of children who were admitted and evaluated over a period of 2 years October 2013 to November 2015 to find out the prevalence of cholestatic jaundice in children. This study conducted in KGH, AMC, Visakhapatnam. OBSERVATION Out of the total cases studied (58) 12 cases were Biliary atresia (20.68%) and 24 cases were hepatitis (41.37%). The various sub groups of hepatitis were hepatitis ‘A’ ‘B’, other infections 14(24.13%), neonatal hepatitis 5(8.62%), Malarial hepatopathy 2(3.44%), enteric fever 3(5.17%). Sickle hepatopathy 3(5.17%), IHBA 1(1.72%), hypothyroidism 6(10.34%), Down syndrome 3(5.17%), Gall stone disease 6(10.34%), Drug induced 3(5.17%). Out of 58 cases 0-3 months’ age were 28(48.27%), females outnumbered males in many conditions especially in gallstones and drug induced cholestatic jaundice. AIMS To study the incidence and etiological causes cholestatic Jaundice in pediatric patients between the age group 0 to 12 years during the period November 2013 to November 2015. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study was conducted in the department of paediatrics, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam between January 2013 to November 2015. During this period 25 cases of Cholestatic Jaundice were taken up for study. Cases from both the sexes ranging from birth to 12 years were included in the present study. CONCLUSION The study utilisation of the newly developed "AIIMS clinical scoring index" to differentiate the two main groups of cholestatic disorders, i.e., Biliary atresia and hepatitis and compared the score with the scan patterns of HIDA scan patterns. Finally the present study was analysed and the results compared with the results of other similar studies reported in literature.

With a focus on inter-firm relationships involving the simultaneous pursuit of competition and cooperation, we develop a conceptual framework that explicates key paradoxical conditions, paradoxical tension, and performance implications of tension in such relationships. We propose felt tension as the actual manifestation of the paradox and offer insights on critical capabilities necessary to understand and manage the paradox. Our paper extends the paradox literature in the inter-organizational context and provides a set of concepts and propositions designed to stimulate systematic empirical research on the competition–cooperation paradox.

The various images can be taken by camera, due to some artifacts image become noisy and blur .As a result the image may be containing the noise and unwanted details. This noise will be degrading the image information. The proposed method also used removes the noise in images. These methods are using combined total variation and wavelet thresholding to removing the noise from images. The image quality can be measured using the MSE (Mean Square Error),PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio),Entropy, Correlation Coefficient.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In patients with burn injury drug pharmacology will be altered and this poses special anaesthetic challenge when an subcutaneous injection of a non- depolarizing muscle relaxant occurs in such a patient. Small studies remain an important source of knowledge and hence this study aims to provide information on the anaesthetic management in a case of accidental subcutaneous injection of vecuronium bromide in a burns patient. PRESENTATION, DIAGNOSIS & MANAGEMENT: A 22 year young male with 4 days old hot water induced grade 1 burns involving 45% of body surface area was posted for burns dressing. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and vecuronium bromide through an external jugular vein to aid tracheal intubation. As the patient was not anaesthetized even after 10 minutes routine check lead to the discovery of fullness at the tip of the intravenous catheter indicating an extravasation of the drugs. Hence the other external jugular vein was cannulated and the patient induced and intubated using propofol, sevoflurane, nitrous oxide and oxygen. The action of vecuronium outlasted the duration of surgery. So the patient continued to receive support of mechanical ventilation with nitrous oxide and oxygen. It took 130 minutes for the clinical signs of recovery from the muscle relaxant to manifest. He was then reversed & extubated with subsequent good recovery. CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous injection of these drugs poses problems of delayed onset of action and prolonged duration of action. In an inadvertent accidental subcutaneous 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium bromide injection in a patient with 4 day old 45% burns showed delayed onset action and prolonged neuromuscular blockade due to subcutaneous deposition of the drug which was managed with mechanical ventilation .The reported resistance to the action of NDMR drugs in patient with burns was not noticed here probably because of the age of the thermal injury.

While pursuit of novel innovation requires both business and scientific knowledge, often in an iterative manner, these two bodies of knowledge or their sources are not necessarily compatible. With ...

Research in social network analysis has increased in recent years. Because of the popularity of the social networking sites, many researchers concentrate on this area for research. In this, community mining plays an important role. Hidden communities affect the social networks in different ways. But not all hidden communities are dangerous or illegal. Most of the hidden communities are having potential knowledge. Communities are represented as a graph format. People are represented as nodes, and the relationship between the nodes are represented as edges. Several mining techniques do not considered the disconnected edges in the graph. Those hidden or disconnected edges may useful to the others in the network. Our approach on social network is fully based on the community mining on heterogeneous network. Here we analysis the various community mining techniques which is already available. Such as MinCut algorithm, Regression based algorithm, Max-Min modularity measure, LM algorithm and SECI model. Our results show that, there are some limitations in the hidden community mining technique in large scale networks. So we planned to do research in this area for better improvement.

Background: Microwave irradiation has been tried as a replacement for the conventional tissue processing technique in histopathology laboratories for quite some time. Studies have shown that Domestic Microwave Tissue Processing (DMWTP) provides a faster delivery of the tissue sections with a morphology which is similar to that which is seen Conventional Tissue Processing (CTP). But many laboratories still confine the domestic microwave tissue processing method only to the handle selected specimens, for which urgent reports are needed. One of the probable reasons is that, understanding about the number of tissue sections which can be processed using a microwave oven at a time, with the appropriate quality, still remains unclear. Aim: The aim of this study was to quantitatively analyze the optimum number of samples that a domestic microwave could process at a time, as well as to qualitatively analyze the morphological outcome of those tissue sections with that of conventional processing. Materials and Methods: This study was approved by the research and ethical committee of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital. A total of 135 paired tissue sections were included in the study. Ten tissue sections (which are mentioned hereafter as A10) were processed in a domestic microwave and their paired 10 tissues were processed by a conventional method. Subsequently, the number of tissues which was to be processed was increased to B15, C20, D25, E30 and F35, after ascertaining that the morphological qualities of the previously processed tissue sections were satisfactory. Sections of 4 μm thickness were taken and they were stained by the Haematoxylin and Eosin method. The slides of the tissues which were processed by the microwave method and the conventional method were randomly numbered, for a blind study, which were independently evaluated by two observers. The qualities of slides were assessed, based on 4 parameters: the cytoplasmic details, the nuclear details, the tissue architecture and the staining characteristics. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 15.0. Results: The morphological outcomes (quality) of the DMWTPs were comparable to that of the CTPs, when the sample load (quantity) in the microwave oven was up to 25 samples. Conclusion: Domestic microwave processing can be effectively used in laboratories with a maximum sample size of 25 samples per load. This has the advantage of being rapid, with its morphological quality being identical to that of conventional processing.

Introduction: Millet grains, before consumption and for preparing food, are usually processed by commonly used traditional processing techniques to improve their edible, nutritional and sensory properties. Background: The processing techniques aim to increase the physicochemical accessibility of micronutrients, decrease the content of anti-nutrients or increase the content of compounds that improve bioavailability. Objectives: Thus, an attempt was made in the present study with the objectives to study the effects of boiling, pressure cooking, roasting and germination on functional, nutritional, anti-nutritional and pasting properties of barnyard millet and foxtail millet. Materials and Methods: Physical properties of unprocessed millets, chemical, functional, anti-nutritional and pasting properties of both unprocessed and processed millets were analysed using standard techniques. Results and Conclusion: Physical characteristics such as thousand grain weight, thousand grain volumes, hydration capacity and index, swelling capacity and index and cooking quality of the selected two unprocessed millets were considerably differed from each other. There was a significant variation with respect to functional, nutritional, anti-nutritional and pasting properties of selected two millets in response to different processing methods. Among them, germination reduces the anti-nutritional factors while roasting significantly increases the nutritional compounds. The improved functional and pasting properties of the selected two millets were observed in the germinated and roasted millet flours.

Objectives: The main aim of this study is to compare the oronasal and nasal spirometry among adenoid hypertrophy children before and after surgery.Methods: A total of 40 healthy and 40 adenoid hypertrophy children were recruited for this study with the age range from 6 to 15 years. All the children were examined by two measurements (1) oronasal spirometry and (2) nasal spirometry. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1), FEV 1/FVC%, forced expiratory time (FET), peak expiratory flow rate, peak inspiratory flow rate (PIFR), and forced expiratory flow (FEF)25-75, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, FIF25%, FIF50%, and FIF75% were recorded.Results: All the parameters were significantly reduced in adenoid hypertrophy by nasal spirometry when compared to oronasal spirometry. FEV1/ FVC% was insignificant from oral to nasal values among adenoid hypertrophy in both the sexes. FET can act as an indicator for upper airway obstruction which shown significantly in adenoid hypertrophy but insignificant among control and adenoidectomy. Inspiratory parameters also had shown more variation in nasal than oronasal spirometry.Conclusion: Significant differences were found in many parameters between oronasal and nasal spirometry among adenoids and adenoidectomy. Nasal spirometry is a portable one, simple, and less cost-effective and so it can be used to determine the obstruction in the nose nasopharynx region.

Background and Aim: The global burden of breast cancer is on the rise, not sparing countries undergoing rapid urbanization. India is one among the top emerging countries to be affected by this disease. Breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications due to autonomic dysfunction and oxidative stress. Changes in autonomic balance can be assessed by measuring resting heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS). Serum levels of malondialdehyde and inflammatory markers give an estimate of ongoing oxidative stress. Methods: A study was conducted in two groups: (i) study group consisted of women with breast cancer who have undergone modified radical mastectomy and awaiting radiotherapy and (ii) control group consisted of normal healthy age-matched volunteers. Resting HRV and BRS were measured for participants of both the groups. Estimation of serum oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers was also done. Results: Decrease in HRV and BRS accompanied by increase in oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers in circulation was observed in cancer patients when compared to control group. Conclusion: Autonomic dysfunction, high oxidative stress, and decreased BRS were prominent in breast cancer patients, which could expose them to future cardiovascular events.

While ties among subsidiaries—the key players of a MNC network—are a prerequisite for the formation of the network and the flow of knowledge within the organization, we know little about factors influencing the formation of such ties. By building on the literature on inter-firm networks and knowledge-based view of the firm, we develop a multi-level model consisting of subsidiary characteristics, dyadic dynamics, and salient contextual factors to explain the inter-subsidiary collaboration for knowledge development and exchange. We bring to the fore the importance of examining multiple dimensions in understanding what predicts tie formation and the efficacy of these ties in creating a knowledge advantage. This paper advances the notion of subsidiary knowledge networking capability—the ability to form, manage, and leverage a network for gaining and sharing knowledge—and suggests that such capability is critical for subsidiaries and by extension the MNC, to achieve a competitive advantage.

Small and Medium‐Sized Enterprises (SMEs) face tremendous challenges in their attempt to pursue technological innovations. This paper argues that co‐opetition strategy—simultaneous pursuit of compe...

The article discusses ties between subsidiaries within a multinational corporation. The authors examine what factors motivate a focal subsidiary to form knowledge ties with peer subsidiaries, and w...

and Key Results This study examines antecedent factors that influence foreign subsidiaries’ innovation through learning from local environments, which in turn influences their knowledge contribution back to the headquarters. We argue that subsidiary local embeddedness, subsidiary top management team heterogeneity, and MNC corporate entrepreneurial culture are the key enablers for subsidiaries to learn and innovate in the local environments. The findings support that the learning and innovation of U.S.-based subsidiaries are significantly influenced by their local embeddedness, their top management team heterogeneity, and the corporate entrepreneurial culture of their parent company, along with the control variables including subsidiary size and the internationalization of parent company.

Robotics is one of the emerging fields in today's industries and the motion of a manipulator can be expressed based on the kinematical approach. Generally the process of computing the inverse kinematics solution is a tough assignment. By this method the joint angles of the end effector can be retrieved corresponding to the position and orientation which is provided as input. Here the Neural Network approach is adopted and the algorithms employed are Feed forward and Elman Back propagation Neural Network. Since these algorithms are put to use, the inverse kinematics of a five DOF robot can solved and the fetched result will be more precise and less complex, thus finally it can analyzed and compared.

Meningiomas are tumours of the arachnoid cap cells. Usually they are referred to according to their location. They are primarily treated with surgery. They tend to recur following surgery. Suprasellar meningiomas frequently present with visual disturbances. Our patient is a case of recurrent suprasellar meningioma. The visual acuity in one eye was No Perception of Light(NPL). From NPL, the visual acuity improved to 6/12 in six months after High Precision Irradiation (HPI). This case emphasizes the importance and the need for aggressive management. It also shows the use of radiotherapy techniques used in synergy to produce the necessary results.