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The reliability of the glass used in spacecraft windows depends on the size of the defects forming upon the impingement of meteoritic particles on a window, as well as the size, density, velocity, and angles of impingement of the particles. In this article, based on the theory of the strength in a double-layer model, formulas are developed that express the dependence of the residual glass strength on the diameter, density, velocity relative to the first cosmic velocity, and angles of impingement of the particles.

The spectral features of the energy structure of Co2+, Ni2+, and Fe2+ ions in semiconductor materials ZnO, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, CdO, CdS, CdSe, CdTe and the relation of these structures to the band gap are studied. The feasibility of lasing in these materials in the range of 1.5–3 µm is estimated.