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The article analyzes the incorporation of applied learning modules for undergraduate students of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos' Administration career to learn more efficiently and dynamically. The Methodology considers the evaluation and review of the criteria taken in a survey to carry out the E-learning Implementation modules. The objective is to determine the factors that influence virtual teaching by validating the students' ability to use a new teaching process to apply any educational topic through this platform. As a result, five factors that influence virtual teaching were determined, validating students' capacity and predisposition to acquire new knowledge through new learning methodologies using virtual media;using these E-learning modules is recommended in conjunction with the Flipped Classroom or B-Learning methodology. It was also determined that only 30% of the students who have taken several virtual courses within their curriculum feel comfortable with this methodology since it requires an entirely didactic and easy to handle system to teach the subject matter.

Information and communication technologies produce changes in society as they facilitate access to information. The research seeks to publicize the increase in the use of the Internet in Peruvian homes, covering the percentage of the population with access to the Internet, the frequency of use, and the activities carried out. Making use of the technical report “Statistics of Information and Communication Technologies in homes”, and through a documentary review of various sources, including the one prepared by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), with emphasis on the use of the Internet since It is essential to have access to the Internet. A comparative analysis of the evolution of its use was also carried out, considering a range of 5 years, taking as reference the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2020. The applied research method is descriptive. As a result, it was found that compared to 2015, where for every 100 households, 91 had at least one ICT; In 2020, the number of families that have at least one ICT has increased to 95. The population has considerably increased the daily use of the Internet, obtaining a variation of 26.8.

This research work has a great influence on the physical security of the urban infrastructure and the citizens of our capital city, that is why it is necessary to apply prevention strategies since our city is located in a very vulnerable area to seismic events, mainly huaycos, floods and landslides, settlements, landslides and other superficial mass movements, so it is necessary to have knowledge of the causes and effects of these phenomena, the different types and carrying capacity of soils in the districts of Metropolitan Lima, in order to contribute to the knowledge of the degree of vulnerability in which urban areas, marginal urban areas, human settlements are exposed. In conclusion, surveys of public servants allowed us to determine that only 55% of them know the meaning of risk and vulnerability, so 45% are totally unaware of these terms. Likewise, surveys of the general public on the lack of a prevention culture, 83% indicated that they did, hence the need to apply a course or training on disaster risk management issues at all educational levels.

The proposal of a renewable energy theme park aims to sensitize the use of clean energy, the integration of ecotourism as an economic activity and environmental sustainability of the population of Tomas in Peru, to turn it into an identity reference point regional and local. For this, the green axis is composed of a series of elements such as thematic squares, vegetation segments, recreation, and incorporation of renewable energies. The bioclimatic architectural design of the theme park is related to the balance of nature’s surroundings, so a series of renewable energy prototypes is proposed in a theme park that takes advantage the use of natural resources from sunlight, radiation, winds, organic waste, among others, which are the components of the proposal. Likewise, interactive education is considered among the resident population of Tomas, and with their renewable resources are the pillars, to sensitize visitors, in caring for the environment.

Objective: To synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the relationship between the components of physical activity, physical fitness and academic achievement in adolescents. Methods: The review followed the methodological procedures described by PRISMA and was carried out in the Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Quantitative empirical studies published as of 2006 were included. The following descriptors and keywords were used: “Motor activity”, “Physical fitness”, “Physical activity”, “Educational status”, “Academic achievement”, “Academic performance”, and their equivalents in Portuguese and Spanish. Results: The most widely investigated variable was physical fitness (45.5%) followed by physical activity (40.9%), whereas only three studies (13.6%) investigated both. Conclusion: Physical activity and physical fitness are positively associated with the academic achievement of adolescents. In more than 80% of studies the association was considered strong. The physical fitness component most frequently associated with academic achievement was cardiorespiratory fitness. Level of evidence II; Systematic review. RESUMO Objetivo: Sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca da relação entre os componentes da atividade física, da aptidão física e o desempenho acadêmico em adolescentes. Métodos: A revisão seguiu os procedimentos metodológicos descritos pelo PRISMA e foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science e Science Direct. Foram incluídos estudos empíricos, de natureza quantitativa, publicados a partir do ano de 2006. Os descritores e palavras chave utilizados foram: “Motor activity”, “Physical fitness”, “Physical activity”, “Educational status”, “Academic achievement”, “Academic performance” e seus equivalentes em português e espanhol. Resultados: A aptidão física foi a variável mais investigada (45,5%), seguida da atividade físic (40,9%), sendo que três estudos (13,6%) investigaram ambas. Conclusão: Atividade física e aptidão física estão positivamente associadas ao desempenho acadêmico de adolescentes. Em mais de 80% dos estudos a associação foi considerada forte. O componente da aptidão física mais frequentemente associado ao desempenho acadêmico foi a aptidão cardiorrespiratória. Nível de evidência II; Revisão sistemática. RESUMEN Objetivo: sintetizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre la relación entre los componentes de la actividad física, de la aptitud física y el desempeño académico en adolescentes. Métodos: La revisión siguió los procedimientos metodológicos descritos por PRISMA y se realizó en las bases de datos Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science y Science Direct. Se incluyeron estudios empíricos, de naturaleza cuantitativa, publicados a partir de 2006. Las palabras clave y los descriptores utilizados fueron: “Motor activity”, “Physical fitness”, “Physical activity”, “Educational status”, “Academic achievement”, “Academic performance”, y sus equivalentes en portugués y español. Resultados: La aptitud física fue la variable más investigada (45,5%), seguida de la actividad física (40,9%), siendo que tres estudios (13,6%) investigaron ambas. Conclusión: La actividad física y la aptitud física están positivamente asociados al desempeño académico de los adolescentes. En más de 80% de los estudios la asociación se consideró fuerte. El componente de la aptitud física más frecuentemente asociado al desempeño académico fue la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Nivel de evidencia II; Revisión sistemática.

In software development, sometimes experienced programmers have difficulty determining before performing their tests, which algorithm will work best to solve a particular problem, and the answer to the question will always depend on the type of problem and nature of the data to be used, in this situation, it is necessary to identify which indicator is the most useful for a specific type of problem and especially in route optimization. Currently, there are techniques and algorithms used in Artificial Intelligence, which, however, cannot display their potential without a well-defined data set. The paper seeks to explain and propose an algorithm selection indicator to build a consistent data set, given the lack of availability of data that allows the best route size decision to be made.

Objective Summarize the effects of interventions designed to promote physical activity during elementary school recess in children between 5 and 10 years old. Effective school interventions for children can promote physical activity and healthy behaviors. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Bireme, SciELO, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Proquest, Physical Education Index, Sports Discus, and Eric databases were included in the data search. Original intervention articles on physical activity that used regression methods, published between 2000 and 2019 in English, Portuguese and Spanish were analyzed. Analyses were performed in 2019. Outcomes were organized according to the direction of the association by independent variables. Ten articles were considered eligible for data extraction and evaluation. Results Several strategies were used including playground markings, demarcation of physical activities zones, group activities, availability of sports equipment and facilities. Most of the studies were conducted in the United States. Recess periods ranged from 20–94 min per day and intervention time ranged from 6 weeks to 2 years. Recess duration and intervention effects were positively associated with physical activity. Gender (girls) and age (oldest) were negatively associated with physical activity during recess. Conclusions Interventions based on modifications of school environment such as playground markings demarcation of physical activities zones, group activities, availability of sports equipment and facilities are cheap and cost-effective for increasing physical activity in school recess.

This paper proposes to improve the process of technological renewal in data centers with the implementation of hyperconverged systems, through the virtualization of physical equipment, networks, storage and systems, to achieve cost reduction in critical areas such as: maintenance, consumption of energy, data center space and the optimization of the resources necessary for the administration and specialization of the IT team. The proposed methodology HSA (Hyperconverged Systems Applied), considers the planning and implementation of an integral IT architecture that combines software with high-level servers that can host systems capable of providing support and continuity of IT services, to design, implement and manage the technology in an orderly manner, reducing management efforts and increasing the organization's ability to support new projects. According to the results obtained with the application of the HSA methodology, it was reduced the size of virtualized systems by an average of 33.33% and the amount of non-virtualized technology by an average of 44.33%, depending on the cases evaluated was increased the level of IT team experience at 56.67% when managing more technology with less staff

The automatic detection of facial expressions is an active research topic, since its wide fields of applications in human-computer interaction, games, security or education. However, the latest studies have been made in controlled laboratory environments, which is not according to real world scenarios. For that reason, a real time Facial Expression Recognition System (FERS) is proposed in this paper, in which a deep learning approach is applied to enhance the detection of six basic emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear and surprise in a real-time video streaming. This system is composed of three main components: face detection, face preparation and face expression classification. The results of proposed FERS achieve a 65% of accuracy, trained over 35558 face images..

The objective of the paper is to provide a model capable of serving as a basis for retraining a convolutional neural network that can be used to detect COVID-19 cases through spectrograms of coughing, sneezing and other respiratory sounds from infected people. To address this challenge, the methodology was focused on Deep Learning technics worked with a dataset of sounds of sick and non-sick people, and using ImageNet's Xception architecture to train the model to be presented through Fine-Tuning. The results obtained were a precision of 0.75 to 0.80, this being drastically affected by the quality of the dataset at our availability, however, when getting relatively high results for the conditions of the data used, we can conclude that the model can present much better results if it is working with a dataset specifically of respiratory sounds of COVID-19 cases with high quality.

This research paper was developed to implement an intelligent solution for This research paper was developed to implement an intelligent solution for the control of the capacity of commercial establishments in times of COVID-19 using Yolo, which is a Convolutional Neural Network and a Deep Learning algorithm. For the application of this solution, a COCO dataset was used that is used in the implementation of Yolov4. A computer module was developed for the analysis of the flow of people, using Python 3.7, which mainly consists of an algorithm that determines the path and direction (movement) of a person, and this is evaluated in a limit o threshold that acts as the entrance and exit door of the main establishment; that is, it determines whether a person leaves or enters according to their route and direction. The results indicate that it is possible to implement this solution as an additional monitoring module for use as capacity control and with this offer a complete alternative to the owners of commercial establishments. In this way, it seeks to control the maximum capacity allowed due to the pandemic generated by the Sars-Cov.2 virus. The tests were conducted using an AMD Ryzen 7 3750H processor and an NVIDIA GTX 1660 TI video card. The possibility of determining whether the number of people who entered less than the number of people who left exceeds the maximum allowed by the pandemic on 50% of the real capacity.

The objective is to determine the wind potential for wind energy generation as a clean development mechanism (CDM) based on climatic parameters, wind speed, and local density for six daily shifts in May 2019. The months of April and June were taken as controls. Wind speed measurements were made with a digital anemometer at 3m above the terrain. It was found that the kinetic energy of the wind ranged from 28.2228252 J to 123.48404 J. This was verified when wind power densities were calculated— gross, usable and effective with carbon nanotube blades, with ranges from 842.21 to 1544.84 W/m2; 499.43 to 946.09 W/m2; 336.88 to 617.94 W/m2 and 438.00 to 803.30 W/m2 respectively, projected at 10 and 50 m/s as minimum speed values for each one of them. The wind potential of this area is sufficient for the micro and medium electric wind turbines, and they qualify to be considered as CDM.

In order to identify the research that addressed the Academia da Cidade and Academia da Saúde Programs (ACP/ASP), a scoping review was conducted in April 2020 in five electronic databases and in reference lists aiming to identify scientific articles that had data collections carried out in the facilities of the ACP/ASP or, that somehow involved the populations of the localities where the programs were implemented. Of the 321 initial records, the descriptive synthesis consisted of 59 studies, which had as their most frequent characteristics: cross-sectional design, use of quantitative approaches in data collection and analysis, Nutrition as a central topic, and involvement of users (adults and the elderly). In conclusion, longitudinal studies involving all actors (managers, practitioners and users) and covering different health topics, besides promoting the approximation between academia and public power, may be promising in the sense of better evaluating the impact that the program represents in the life of the communities that are attended.

This article presents how Artificial Intelligence can improve the ways of learning and teaching on the field of Engineering. The main problem we want to face takes place in Education and it shares a common root with the low development of technology applied to this area. In this document, we explain about how tools like artificial neural networks and Artificial Intelligence can improve the situation of Education, providing an efficient alternative to make the students increase their levels of learning to perform well as professionals after finishing their studies of higher education. From the side of teachers, we implement evaluations for them, to verify how much they contribute in the learning process to their students. All of these functionalities are contemplated in the system that we describe in this document, with the main purpose of change the classic paradigms of Education, introducing technology in benefit of the universitary community.

The “Pantanos de Villa” is a natural habitat that conserves the high biodiversity of species and acts as the lung of the city, which is considered a wetland of international importance. This is being threatened by an inadequate infrastructure existing in the Lucchetti factory that attempts against the biodiversity of wetlands, for which the following project is proposed whose main objective is the mitigation of CO2 caused by polluting gases. Along with this, the integration of the neighbors with the swamps will be encouraged, through the design of an ecological and bio-sustainable park destined for recreational practices and sports, being a pleasant meeting point for families and tourists. With the theme park of clean technologies, the importance of these technologies for the sustainable development of the district will be reflected, without neglecting the natural beauty of the swamps located in front of the park. It will have spaces to enjoy nature, as well as the application of renewable energies. With the construction of this project, more significant economic development will be obtained. Visits to both the park and the swamps will be generated and increased, contributing and motivating the care and conservation of our environment and environmental awareness.

Fitness levels and anthropometric profile of elite referees of Parana certified by the Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of physical fitness and body composition of elite referees from the Football Federation of Parana (FPF). Sample size comprises 16 referees from the FPF, all males, that belong to the national board (certified by the Brazilian Football Confederation). Fitness evaluation was applied during the 2000 Soccer Season. Mean age was 34.5±4.8 years, height was 177.8±7.4 cm, and body weight was 78.7±8.0 kg. The FIFA’s standardized test battery includes the following tests: a 50 meters and a 200 meters running test and the Cooper test. To assess body composition we measured skinfolds (subscapular, triceps, biceps, pectoral, medium axillary, abdomen, suprailiac, thigh and calf), girths (forearm, contracted arm, relaxed arm, thorax, abdomen, hip, thigh, mid-thigh and calf) and breadths (biacromial, biiliocristal, biepicondylar humerus and maleolar) (17,18,19). From anthropometrical variables, body density was determined according to Jackson and Pollock’s (20) equation and the fat percentual using Siri’s (21) equation. Fat weight (PG) was calculated multiplying the body mass (MC) by the fraction of fat percentual (% G), PG=MC(%G/100). Bone weight (PO) and residual

The aim of the study was to identify the main barriers and facilitators to the use of bicycles for transportation and leisure in adults from Curitiba, Brazil. Forty-eight adults of both sexes and presenting distinct characteristics related to cycling (commute, leisure time users and activists) participated in focus groups interviews. The content analysis was used to group similar reports later described according to absolute and relative frequencies distribution. The most reported barriers were "lack of safety" (46 reports, 20%) and "lack of bike lanes" (29 reports, 12.6%), while the most frequently reported facilitators were "well being" (35 reports, 20.2%), presence of "adequate structures" (18 reports, 10.6%), "family support" (18 reports, 10.6%) and "presence of company in general" (17 reports, 10%). Social and environmental aspects such as public safety, group activities and improving infrastructure for bicycle use should be considered in developing programs to encourage its use.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar a associação entre atividade física e autoeficácia em adolescentes. Realizou-se um estudo inquérito de base escolar com 1.698 adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. A atividade física foi avaliada segundo frequência semanal (dias/semana) de prática de atividade física de intensidade moderada ou vigorosa. A autoeficácia foi analisada segundo a soma de uma escala composta por dez itens. A associação entre autoeficácia e atividade física foi testada pela regressão de Poisson (p < 0,05), estratificada por sexo. Entre os meninos, apenas elevada autoeficácia foi associada com todas as categorias de atividade física (p < 0,001), enquanto para as meninas níveis moderados e elevados de autoeficácia foram associados com todas as categorias de atividade física (p < 0,001). Conclui-se que a autoeficácia tem associação positiva com atividade física entre adolescentes, no entanto esta relação é mais consistente entre as meninas. Este é um aspecto importante para o delineamento de intervenções para a promoção de atividade física nesse grupo populacional. This study aimed to examine the association between physical activity and self-efficacy in adolescents. A school-based survey was conducted with 1,698 adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil. Physical activity was evaluated as weekly frequency (days per week) of moderate or vigorous physical activity. Self-efficacy was analyzed as the sum of a 10-item scale. The association between self-efficacy and physical activity was tested by Poisson regression (p < 0.05), stratified by gender. Among boys, only high self-efficacy was associated with all categories of physical activity (p < 0.001), while for girls moderate and high levels of self-efficacy were associated with all categories of physical activity (p < 0.001). In conclusion, self-efficacy showed a positive association with physical activity in adolescents, although the relationship was more consistent in girls. The finding is important for designing interventions to promote physical activity in this age group. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación entre la actividad física y la autoeficacia en adolescentes. Se realizó una investigación de base escolar, mediante una encuesta a 1.698 estudiantes adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. La actividad física se evaluó de acuerdo con la frecuencia semanal (días/semana) de práctica de actividad física con una intensidad moderada o elevada. La autoeficacia fue analizada conforme a la suma de puntos de una escala de 10 ítems. La asociación entre la autoeficacia y actividad física se probó mediante la regresión de Poisson (p < 0,05), estratificada por sexo. Para los adolescentes solamente una actividad física elevada presentó una asociación con todas las categorías de actividad física (p < 0,001), mientras que para las adolescentes unos niveles moderados y elevados de autoeficacia presentaron asociación con todas las categorías de actividad física (p < 0,001). Se concluye que la autoeficacia presenta una asociación positiva con la actividad física entre los adolescentes, sin embargo, esta relación es más consistente entre las adolescentes. Este es un aspecto importante para el diseño de intervenciones en salud, con el fin de promover la actividad física en este grupo de población.

[EN] This paper presents a multi-objective optimisation procedure for optimising the quality of prostheses and manufacturing productivity. The aim of this procedure is to develop machining performance models through a minimal and progressive Design of Experiment (DoE), which models the variables of interest by linear regressions or Surface Response Models (SRMs). The multi-objective optimisation is based on desirability functions, which are defined according to the relative importance of each variable of interest. The procedure was implemented to optimise a process of manufacturing spherical turned components for Ti-6Al-4V hip prostheses with special requirements as regards surface roughness Ra, Rz and geometrical form tolerance, This work has been partially supported by Fundació Caixa-Castelló Bancaixa under the research project INV-2009-39. The authors are grateful to Miguel Angel Aymerich and Arcadi Sanz, who assisted in the experimental part. The authors extend their acknowledgements to Lafitt Company for its collaboration. Additional support was provided by Tecnológico de Monterrey through the research group in Mechatronics and Intelligent Machines.

FUNDAMENTO: Estilos de vida inadequados têm sido as principais causas de morte no mundo. O questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" tem por finalidade auxiliar médicos que trabalham com prevenção, a fim de estes possam melhor conhecer e medir o estilo de vida dos seus pacientes. OBJETIVO: Traduzir e validar o questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" para adultos jovens. MÉTODOS: O processo de tradução e adaptação envolveu quatro etapas: 1) tradução, 2) correção e adaptação semântica por especialistas da área (juízes), 3) avaliação da clareza do conteúdo e 4) avaliação por amostra da população-alvo. Análise estatística: para a consistência interna, utilizou-se o alfa de Cronbach; a consistência externa foi verificada pela correlação intraclasse (R); para a validade de construto, usou-se o índice Kappa. RESULTADOS: O alfa de Cronbach que avalia as correlações entre os itens e o total foi de 0,69, o que é considerado razoável para um instrumento desenhado para medir uma variável latente que somente pode ser estimada e não medida. Quando agrupados os itens em domínios, verificou-se que todos contribuem de maneira semelhante para a estabilidade do instrumento (α = 0,60). A reprodutibilidade avaliada pela correlação intraclasse foi alta (R = 0,92; p = 0,2). A validade de construto testada pela capacidade classificatória do instrumento em quatro e três categorias foi de 75% e 80,7%, com um índice Kappa de 0,58 e 0,7, respectivamente, o que evidencia uma ótima capacidade discriminatória. CONCLUSÃO: O questionário "Estilo de vida fantástico" possui uma consistência interna e externa adequada para a avaliação do estilo de vida de adultos jovens. Recomenda-se a utilização do questionário na atenção primária e em estudos epidemiológicos. BACKGROUND: Inappropriate lifestyles have been responsible for the leading causes of mortality. The purpose of the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire is to help physicians involved in health prevention to identify and assess their patients' lifestyles. OBJECTIVE: To translate and validate the Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire for use with young adults. METHODS: The process of translation into Portuguese and validation consisted of four steps: 1) translation; 2) correction and semantic adaptation by professional experts (judges); 3) content validation; and 4) a final evaluation by the target population. The statistical analyses used were Cronbach's alpha to measure internal consistency reliability, intra-class correlation coefficient (R) for external consistency, and the Kappa index to test construct validity. RESULTS: Cronbach's alpha coefficient measured the correlation between items and the total was 0.69, which is considered reasonable for an instrument designed to evaluate a latent variable that can only be estimated and not measured. When the items were grouped into domains, it was possible to verify that they all contributed equally to the stability of the questionnaire (α=0.60). The external consistency evaluated by intra-class correlation was R=0.92 (p=0.2), which demonstrates a high degree of reproducibility; the construct validity of 4 and 3 categories was 75 and 80.7% with Kappa indices of 0.58 and 0.7, respectively, which show an excellent discriminatory classificatory capacity. CONCLUSION: The Fantastic Lifestyle Questionnaire has an adequate internal and external consistency for evaluating young adult lifestyles, and it can be recommended for primary care and epidemiological studies.

É necessário encontrar meios para quantificar de maneira eficiente e econômica o nível de atividade física da população. Os questionários são formas viáveis e econômicas, embora seja discutível a fidedignidade dessas medidas. Este estudo objetivou determinar a reprodutibilidade e a validade do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ) em homens idosos. A amostra foi composta por 29 homens idosos acima de 60 anos, com média de idade de 66,6 anos (DP = 4,3), participantes do programa de extensão da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: a) IPAQ, forma longa; b) pedômetro; e c) Diário de Atividade Física de Bouchard (DAF). Para a reprodutibilidade foram realizadas duas aplicações do IPAQ, com intervalo de 21 dias (r s = 0,95). A análise estatística adotada foi a correlação de Spearman (r s), o percentual de concordância (%C), o índice kappa (k) e a plotagem de Bland e Altman. A amostra foi dividida, utilizando-se como critério a mediana. A reprodutibilidade apresentou correlação de r s = 0,95. A associação entre o IPAQ e o DAF foi de: r s = 0,38; %C = 69 e k = 0,04 e a associação entre o IPAQ e o pedômetro de: r s = 0,24; %C = 62 e k = 0,19. Concluiu-se que a validade variou de moderada a baixa, enquanto a reprodutibilidade foi adequada. It is necessary to efficiently and economically find means to quantify the level of physical activity of the population. Questionnaires are viable and economical; however, their trustworthiness is questionable. This study aimed to determine the reproducibility and validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in elderly men. The sampling was composed of 29 elderly men over the age of 60, average age of 66.6 years (SD = 4.3), who were members of the extension program at the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The instruments used were: a) IPAQ extended version; b) pedometer and c) Bouchard's Physical Activity Diary (PAD). For reproducibility, the IPAQ was applied twice with a 21 day interval (r s = 0.95). The statistical analysis used was Spearman Correlation (r s); Concordance Percentile (%C); Kappa Index (k); and Bland and Altman plot. The sample was divided using the median as criterion. The reproducibility showed a correlation of r s 0.95. The combination between IPAQ and PAD was: r s = 0.38; %C = 69 and k = 0.04. The combination between IPAQ and the Pedometer was: r s = 0.24; %C = 62 and k = 0.19. It was concluded that the validity varied from moderate to low while the reproducibility was adequate. Es necesario encontrar medios para cuantificar de manera eficiente y económica el nivel de actividad física de la población. Los cuestionarios son formas viables y económicas, aunque se discuta la fidedignidad de estas medidas. Este estudio ha tenido como objetivo determinar la reproducibilidad y la validez del Cuestionario Internacional de Actividade Física (IPAQ) en hombres ancianos. La muestra se compuso de 29 hombres ancianos con más de 60 años, con edad media de 66,6 años (DP = 4,3), participantes del programa de extensión de la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: a) IPAQ, forma larga; b) pedómetro y c) Diario de Actividad Física de Bouchard (DAF). Para la reproducibilidad fueron realizadas dos aplicaciones de IPAQ, con intervalo de 21 días (r s = 0,95). El análisis estadístico adoptada fue el de correlación de Spearman (r s), el porcentaje de concordancia (%C), el índice kappa (k) y el "plotaje" de Bland y Altman. La muestra fue dividida, utilizando como criterio la mediana. La reproducibilidad presentó una correlación de r s = 0,95. La asociación entre el IPAQ y el DAF fue de: r s = 0,38; %C = 69 y k = 0,04 y la asociación entre el IPAQ y el pedómetro de: r s = 0,24; %C = 62 y k = 0,19. Se concluye que la validez varió de moderado a bajo, mientras que la reproducibilidad fue adecuada.

Background Neighborhood safety is one of the environmental aspects that can influence physical activity. We analyzed the association between perceived neighborhood safety and physical inactivity (PI) in adults and examined effect modification according to sociodemographic variables. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,261 adults (62% women), age 18–69 years from Curitiba, Brazil. Results The perception of unsafe neighborhood was higher among women, older participants, those classified in the high socioeconomic (SES) group, overweighed and also among those reporting to have PA equipments and children. The association between perception safety of walking during the day and walking for leisure (women PR = 1.12 CI95% = 1.02–1.22; men PR = 0.82 CI95% = 0.64–1.05; interaction term PR = 1.38 CI95% = 1.03–1.83) and safe perception was associated with PI, just in the highest SES group (PR = 1.09; CI95% = 1.00–1.19; p trend = 0.032) when compared with their counterparts (low SES PR = 0.99; CI95% = 0.90–1.04; p trend = 0.785; interaction term PR = 1.09; CI95% = 1.03–1.15; p trend = 0.007). Conclusion The perception of safety in the neighborhood was associated with PI in transport, but this association varies across of sociodemographic variables.