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144,000 results on '"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)"'

1. Latency-Aware Strategies for Deploying Data Stream Processing Applications on Large Cloud-Edge Infrastructure

Author: Laurent Lefèvre, Alexandre da Silva Veith, Marcos Dias De Assuncao, Department of Computer Science [University of Toronto] (DCS), University of Toronto, Ecole de Technologie Supérieure [Montréal] (ETS), Algorithms and Software Architectures for Distributed and HPC Platforms (AVALON), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Laboratoire de l'Informatique du Parallélisme (LIP), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Data stream mining, Computer science, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Cloud computing, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Science Applications, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Hardware and Architecture, Scalability, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Overhead (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, The Internet, Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution, Latency (engineering), business, Software, Edge computing, Information Systems, Computer network
Abstract: International audience; Internet of Things (IoT) applications often require the processing of data streams generated by devices dispersed over a large geographical area. Traditionally, these data streams are forwarded to a distant cloud for processing, thus resulting in high application end-to-end latency. Recent work explores the combination of resources located in clouds and at the edges of the Internet, called cloud-edge infrastructure, for deploying Data Stream Processing (DSP) applications. Most previous work, however, fails to scale to very large IoT settings. This paper introduces deployment strategies for the placement of DSP applications on to cloud-edge infrastructure. The strategies split an application graph into regions and consider regions with stringent time requirements for edge placement. The proposed Aggregate End-to-End Latency Strategy with Region Patterns and Latency Awareness (AELS+RP+LA) decreases the number of evaluated resources when computing an operator’s placement by considering the communication overhead across computing resources. Simulation results show that, unlike the state-of-the-art, AELS+RP+LA scales to environments with more than 100k resources with negligible impact on the application end-to-end latency.
Published: 2023

2. Balancing selection and the crossing of fitness valleys in structured populations: diversification in the gametophytic self-incompatibility system

Author: Vincent Castric, Roman Stetsenko, Sylvain Billiard, Thomas Brom, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: two genes epistasis, education.field_of_study, fitness landscape, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, metapopulation, Population genetics, Locus (genetics), Metapopulation, negative frequency dependent selection, Diversification (marketing strategy), Biology, Balancing selection, genetic architecture, Genetic architecture, Evolutionary biology, Genetics, education, business, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, fitness landscape negative frequency dependent selection metapopulation genetic architecture two genes epistasis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Subdivision
Abstract: The self-incompatibility locus (S-locus) of flowering plants displays a striking allelic diversity. How such a diversity has emerged remains unclear. In this paper, we performed numerical simulations in a finite island population genetics model to investigate how population subdivision affects the diversification process at a S-locus, given that the two-genes architecture typical of S-loci involves the crossing of a fitness valley. We show that population structure slightly reduces the parameter range allowing for the diversification of self-incompatibility haplotypes (S-haplotypes), but at the same time also increases the number of these haplotypes maintained in the whole metapopulation. This increase is partly due to a higher rate of diversification and replacement of S-haplotypes within and among demes. We also show that the two-genes architecture leads to a higher diversity in structured populations compared with a simpler genetic architecture where new S-haplotypes appear in a single mutation step. Overall, our results suggest that population subdivision can act in two opposite directions: it renders S-haplotypes diversification easier, although it also increases the risk that the self-incompatibility system is lost.
Published: 2022

3. Hyperspectral Image Super-Resolution via Deep Spatiospectral Attention Convolutional Neural Networks

Author: Gemine Vivone, Jocelyn Chanussot, Jin-Fan Hu, Ting-Zhu Huang, Tai-Xiang Jiang, Liang-Jian Deng, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China [Chengdu] (UESTC), Southwestern University of Finance and Economics [Chengdu, China], Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis of the National Research Council (IMAA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: Source code, Hyperspectral imaging, Mean squared error, Computer Networks and Communications, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Multispectral image, Tensors, Superresolution, Convolutional neural network, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Artificial Intelligence, Robustness (computer science), Computer architecture, Image resolution, media_common, Spatial resolution, Network architecture, Training data, Learning systems, business.industry, Pattern recognition, Computer Science Applications, Artificial intelligence, business, Software
Abstract: International audience; Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are of crucial importance in order to better understand features from a large number of spectral channels. Restricted by its inner imaging mechanism, the spatial resolution is often limited for HSIs. To alleviate this issue, in this work, we propose a simple and efficient architecture of deep convolutional neural networks to fuse a low-resolution HSI (LR-HSI) and a high-resolution multispectral image (HR-MSI), yielding a high-resolution HSI (HR-HSI). The network is designed to preserve both spatial and spectral information thanks to a new architecture based on: 1) the use of the LR-HSI at the HR-MSI’s scale to get an output with satisfied spectral preservation and 2) the application of the attention and pixelShuffle modules to extract information, aiming to output high-quality spatial details. Finally, a plain mean squared error loss function is used to measure the performance during the training. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed network architecture achieves the best performance (both qualitatively and quantitatively) compared with recent state-of-the-art HSI super-resolution approaches. Moreover, other significant advantages can be pointed out by the use of the proposed approach, such as a better network generalization ability, a limited computational burden, and the robustness with respect to the number of training samples. Please find the source code and pretrained models from https://liangjiandeng.github.io/Projects_Res/HSRnet_2021tnnls.html .
Published: 2022

4. A New Belief-Based Incomplete Pattern Unsupervised Classification Method

Author: Zhe Liu, Zuo-Wei Zhang, Ma Zongfang, Hao Wang, Yiru Zhang, Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Declarative & Reliable management of Uncertain, user-generated Interlinked Data (DRUID), GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), and Université de Rennes (UR)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, unsupervised classification, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Fuzzy logic, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Task (project management), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], belief functions theory, Classifier (linguistics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, incomplete pattern, Cluster analysis, business.industry, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Pattern recognition, Missing data, fuzzy c-means, Computer Science Applications, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Classification methods, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, clustering, Information Systems
Abstract: The clustering of incomplete patterns is a very challenging task because the estimations may negatively affect the distribution of real centers and thus cause uncertainty and imprecision in the results. To address this problem, a new belief-based incomplete pattern unsupervised classification method (BPC) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the complete patterns are grouped into a few clusters by a classical soft method like fuzzy c-means to obtain the corresponding reliable centers and thereby are partitioned into reliable patterns and unreliable ones by an optimization method. Secondly, a basic classifier trained by reliable patterns is employed to classifies unreliable patterns and the incomplete patterns edited by the neighbors. In this way, most of the edited incomplete patterns can be submitted to specific clusters. Finally, some ambiguous patterns will be carefully repartitioned again by a new distance-based rule depending on the obtained reliable centers and belief functions theory. By doing this, a few patterns that are very difficult to classify between different specific clusters will be reasonably submitted to meta-cluster which can characterize the uncertainty and imprecision of the clusters due to missing values. The simulation results show that the BPC has the potential to deal with real datasets. © 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
Published: 2022

5. Humanitarian aid and local responses: the aftermath of the rebuilding effort on Tongoa island, Vanuatu

Author: Maëlle Calandra, IDEX-ISITE initiative 16-IDEX-0001 CAP 20-25/challenge 4 (CAP 20-25), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et de Documentation sur l'Océanie (CREDO), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)
Subjects: History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Natural hazard, Vernacular architecture, medicine, Humans, Anthropology, Cultural, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Confusion, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Humanitarian aid, business.industry, General Social Sciences, Storm, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Economy, 13. Climate action, Archipelago, Damages, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Cyclone Pam swept through the archipelago of Vanuatu on 13-14 March 2015, with wind speeds exceeding those recorded anywhere in the South Pacific since the 1980s. Southern and central parts of the country were particularly affected. Material damage on Tongoa, one of the most afflicted islands, was extensive, but no deaths were reported. During the storm, villagers found shelter in their kitchen, in what is considered locally as a 'lifeboat'. The aftermath was managed and mitigated by international aid organisations. On Tongoa, this included a 'Shelter Cluster' programme, under which villagers were given house rebuilding kits. Elaborating upon extensive ethnographic investigations on site between 2011 and 2018, this paper explores and reveals the ways in which this aid generated confusion among the local population. In a larger context of regular disasters triggered by natural hazards, locals have found endogenous ways of dealing with such extreme climatic events, for the most part without any external assistance.في الفترة من 13 إلى 14 مارس 2015 ، اجتاح إعصار بام أرخبيل منطقة فان واتو بسرعات رياح تجاوزت تلك المسجلة في أي مكان في منطقة جنوب المحيط الهادئ منذ الثمانينيات. وقد تأثرت الأجزاء الجنوبية والوسطى من البلاد بشكل خاص. في تونغوا، إحدى الجزر الأكثر تضررًا، كانت الأضرار المادية جسيمة على الرغم من عدم الإبلاغ عن أي حالة وفاة. خلال العاصفة، وجد القرويون المأوى في مطبخهم، والذي اعتبروه محليًا "قوارب نجاة". تمت إدارة تداعيات الكارثة والتخفيف من حدتها من قبل منظمات الإغاثة الدولية. وشمل ذلك في تونغوا برنامج "مجموعة المأوى" حيث تم تزويد القرويين بمجموعات أدوات إعادة بناء المنازل. بالتفصيل في التحقيقات الإثنوغرافية المكثفة في الموقع التي أجريت بين عامي 2011 و 2018 ، تستكشف هذه المقالة وتكشف الطرق التي تسببت بها هذه المساعدة في حدوث ارتباك بين السكان المحليين. في سياق أكبر من الكوارث العادية التي تسببها الأخطار الطبيعية، وجد السكان المحليون طرقًا داخلية للتعامل مع مثل هذه الأحداث المناخية المتطرفة ، في الجزء الأكبر من دون أي مساعدات خارجية - مما يكشف عن ديناميكية المساعدات الإنسانية الكلمات الدالة: إعصار بام ، كارثة ، مساعدات إنسانية ، إعادة بناء ما بعد الكارثة ، تو نغوا ، فان واتو ، العمارة العامية.2015年3月13日-14日，飓风帕姆席卷瓦努阿图群岛，风速超过了自1980年代以来南太平洋地区任何地方的记录。该国南部和中部地区受到的影响尤其严重。汤戈阿是受灾最为严重的岛屿之一，虽然没有死亡报告，但财产损失很大。暴风雨期间，村民们都躲在厨房里避难，厨房被当地人视为是“救生艇”。国际援助组织为这场灾难提供了善后工作和减灾帮助。这包括一项“避难所助建”计划，向村民提供房屋重建工具包。本文详细阐述了2011年至2018年间，在现场进行的大范围民族学调查，探讨并揭示了这种援助对当地人造成混乱的各种情况。对于周期性的自然灾害，当地人在大多数没有任何外界援助的情况下，已经掌握了一些在处理此类极端气候事件的老办法，这也揭示了人道主义援助的动态关键词：飓风帕姆，灾难，人道主义援助，灾后重建，汤戈阿，瓦努阿图，乡土建筑.
Published: 2022

6. Hy-FiX: Fast In-Place Upgrades of KVM Hypervisors

Author: Guillaume Urvoy-Keller, Dino Lopez-Pacheco, Quentin Jaquemart, Fabien Hermenier, Andrea Segalini, Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia-Antipolis (I3S) / Equipe SIGNAL, Signal, Images et Systèmes (Laboratoire I3S - SIS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, Software_OPERATINGSYSTEMS, Computer Networks and Communications, business.industry, Computer science, Initialization, Cloud computing, Hypervisor, computer.software_genre, Hypervisor update, Computer Science Applications, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], Hardware and Architecture, Virtual machine, Operating system, State (computer science), business, Cloud, computer, Host (network), Software, Data Center, Information Systems, Reboot, Live migration
Abstract: International audience; Maintaining up-to-date KVM hypervisors requires regular upgrades to the host kernel, hence rebooting the physical host with the consequent termination of running Virtual Machines (VMs). Cloud platforms capable of massive large-scale live migrations evacuate VMs from the hosts before rebooting, minimizing the impact over VM up-time. However, scenarios exist where resource constraints make live migration undesirable, or the presence of fault-tolerant instances (e.g., replicated services) favors the adoption of VM termination, a simpler but more disruptive strategy. In this article, we present Hy-FiX, a fast in-place upgrade solution for KVM hypervisors. Hy-FiX preserves VM memory across host reboots, protecting the execution state of running guests while hypervisor upgrades are applied. Hy-FiX memory preservation across reboot, combined with a mixed suspend-to-disk/suspend-to-RAM technique, achieves a 2.31-second checkpoint/restore time for a 256 GB VM, and Hy-FiX lazy memory initialization reboots an enterprise-class host in constant time (7.6 seconds) regardless of its equipped memory. Hy-FiX is, therefore, a better alternative to classical VM termination and restart.
Published: 2022

7. Antiviral drugs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 - the DisCoVeRy trial

Author: Bruno Mourvillier, François-Xavier Lescure, Dominique Costagliola, Alain Makinson, Valérie Pourcher, Odile Launay, Clément Dubost, Saad Nseir, Emmanuel Faure, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Jean-Christophe Richard, Lila Bouadma, Kevin Bouiller, Juliette Saillard, Jean Reignier, Claire Andrejak, Alpha Diallo, Lionel Piroth, Jean-Philippe Lanoix, Violaine Tolsma, Christelle Delmas, Gilles Peytavin, André Cabié, Marion Noret, Karine Lacombe, Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers, Thérèse Staub, Johan Courjon, Florence Ader, Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Jean-Christophe Navellou, Maya Hites, Jean Reuter, Noemie Mercier, Maude Bouscambert-Duchamp, François Danion, S. Gallien, Julien Poissy, Florent Wallet, Guillaume Martin-Blondel, Raphaël Clere-Jehl, Bruno Lina, Amandine Gagneux-Brunon, Antoine Kimmoun, Rostane Gaci, Olivier Epaulard, Axelle Dupont, François Raffi, Aline Dechanet, François Goehringer, Joy Mootien, Stéphane Jauréguiberry, Sylvie Leroy, Charles Burdet, Toni Alfaiate, Drifa Belhadi, Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Lille, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Virology and human respiratory Pathologies - Virology and human respiratory Pathologies (VirPath), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), ANRS - Maladies infectieuses émergentes (ANRS - MIE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Santé Publique, Université de Médecine Carol Davila, Centre d'investigation Clinique [CHU Bichat] - Épidémiologie clinique (CIC 1425), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), ANRS France Recherche Nord & sud Sida-hiv hépatites, Département d'Epidemiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique (DEBRC), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists [Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy] (INI-CRCT), Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu [Nancy], Service de Réanimation Médicale [CHRU Nancy], AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Hospitalized patients, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Lopinavir, Hydroxychloroquine, Odds ratio, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Internal medicine, medicine, Ritonavir, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.drug
Abstract: BackgroundLopinavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir-interferon (IFN)-β-1a and hydroxychloroquine efficacy for COVID-19 have been evaluated, but detailed evaluation is lacking.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir-IFN-β-1a, hydroxychloroquine or remdesivir for improving the clinical, virological outcomes in COVID-19 inpatients.DesignOpen-label, randomized, adaptive, controlled trial.SettingMulti-center trial with patients from France.Participants583 COVID-19 inpatients requiring oxygen and/or ventilatory supportInterventionStandard of care (SoC, control), SoC plus lopinavir/ritonavir (400 mg lopinavir and 100 mg ritonavir every 12h for 14 days), SoC plus lopinavir/ritonavir plus IFN-ß-1a (44 μg of subcutaneous IFN-ß-1a on days 1, 3, and 6), SoC plus hydroxychloroquine (400 mg twice on day 1 then 400 mg once daily for 9 days) or SoC plus remdesivir (200 mg intravenously on day 1 then 100 mg once-daily for hospitalization duration or 10 days).MeasurementsThe primary outcome was the clinical status at day 15, measured by the WHO 7-point ordinal scale. Secondary outcomes included SARS-CoV-2 quantification in respiratory specimens and safety analyses.ResultsAdjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) for the WHO 7-point ordinal scale were not in favor of investigational treatments: lopinavir/ritonavirversuscontrol, aOR 0.83, 95%CI, 0.55 to 1.26, P=0.39; lopinavir/ritonavir-IFN-β-1aversuscontrol, aOR 0.69, 95%CI, 0.45 to 1.04, P=0.08; hydroxychloroquineversuscontrol, aOR 0.93, 95%CI, 0.62 to 1.41, P=0.75. No significant effect on SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance in respiratory tract was evidenced. Lopinavir/ritonavir-containing treatments were significantly associated with more SAE.LimitationsNot a placebo-controlled, no anti-inflammatory agents tested.ConclusionNo improvement of the clinical status at day 15 nor SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance in respiratory tract specimens by studied drugs. This comforts the recent Solidarity findings.RegistrationNCT04315948.FundingPHRC 2020, Dim OneHealth, REACTing
Published: 2023

8. Communication between hospitals, Family Medicine Groups and community pharmacists during transitions of care interventions

Author: Cyril Breuker, Louise Mallet, Philippe Imbeault, Suzanne Gosselin, Benoit Cossette, Mylaine Breton, Julie Teasdale, Marie-France Langlois, Yves Couturier, Jean-Philippe Turcotte, Geneviève Ricard, Caroline Sirois, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Laval University Medical center, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), and MORNET, Dominique
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Scope of practice, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], health care facilities, manpower, and services, education, Pharmacist, Psychological intervention, Pharmaceutical Science, Single group, Information needs, Community Pharmacy Services, Pharmacy, Pharmacists, Health outcomes, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, health services administration, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Therapeutic intent, Survey, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, health care economics and organizations, Aged, [SDV.MHEP.GEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.GEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Geriatry and gerontology, Communication, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Laboratory results, Hospitals, 3. Good health, [SDV.SP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, Cross-Sectional Studies, Transitions of care, Older adults, Family medicine, Family Practice, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Background Pharmacist-led transitions of care (TOC) interventions have been associated with improved health outcomes. Community pharmacists’ (CP) TOC communications have been described whereas limited evidence is available for hospital pharmacists (HP) and none for non-dispensing pharmacists, integrated into Family Medicine Groups (FMG). Objective To assess information needs and perceptions about TOC communications of HP, FMG pharmacists (FMG-P) and CP and to identify optimal TOC practices and their barriers. Methods In a cross-sectional design, a survey was distributed via email to the 70 pharmacists who participated in a multicenter, single group, longitudinal TOC intervention study for older adults at risk of medication-related harm. All pharmacists were surveyed on their TOC practices before the TOC study, as part of usual care. Pharmacists who followed TOC study patients were also surveyed on their TOC practices during the TOC study. Results Survey responses were received from 35 pharmacists (50%), including 8 HP, 6 FMG-P and 21 CP. The frequency of communication between pharmacists of different settings increased significantly during the TOC study, with more than 80% of pharmacists reporting satisfaction with the quality of the information provided. At hospital discharge, in optimal TOC, the FMG-P and CP reported that the most important information to transfer was the reasons of hospitalization, patient weight and height, and the therapeutic intent of the medications. The main barriers to TOC implementation were the lack of clinical information about patients for FMG-P and CP and understaffing for HP. FMG-P and CP reported a similar high degree of interest in assuming responsibility for the new extended scope of practice activities of medication adjustments according to therapeutic targets or laboratory results and the implementation of a plan for gradual dose increases or drug tapering. Conclusions The surveyed pharmacists reported an increased frequency of communication and satisfaction with the information exchanged between the pharmacists of different settings during the TOC study compared to usual care, before the study. The pharmacists extended scope of practice offers new opportunities to optimize TOC interventions.
Published: 2022

9. BiSuT: A NoC-Based Bit-Shuffling Technique for Multiple Permanent Faults Mitigation

Author: Daniel Chillet, Romain Mercier, Youri Helen, Angeliki Kritikakou, Cedric Killian, Architectures matérielles spécialisées pour l’ère post loi-de-Moore (TARAN), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-ARCHITECTURE (IRISA-D3), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre Electronique de l'Armement [Bruz] (CELAR / DGA), Ministère de la Défense, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and ANR-18-CE25-0006,SHNoC,SHNoC : un réseau embarqué sur puce multi-technologies et sûr de fonctionnement(2018)
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Shuffling, Exploit, Computer science, business.industry, Transistor, ACM: C.: Computer Systems Organization/C.2: COMPUTER-COMMUNICATION NETWORKS/C.2.1: Network Architecture and Design, Fault tolerance, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, 02 engineering and technology, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Field (computer science), 020202 computer hardware & architecture, law.invention, Bit (horse), law, Embedded system, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Hamming code, Software
Abstract: International audience; Since several decades, fault tolerance has become a major research field due to transistor shrinking and core number increasing in System-on-Chip (SoC). Especially, faults occurring to Network-on-Chips (NoCs) of those systems have a significant impact, due to the high amount of data, crossing the NoC, for the communication among Intellectual Properties (IPs). Furthermore, existing fault tolerant approaches cannot efficiently deal with several permanent faults, which occur in NoC routers. To address these limitations, we propose the Bit Shuffling meThod (BiSuT) for fault tolerant NoCs that reduces the impact of faults on data communications. To achieve that, the proposed approach exploits, at run-time, the position of permanent faults and changes the order of bits inside a flit. Our method reduces, as much as possible, the impact of faults by transferring the faults on Least Significant Bits (LSBs), instead of keeping them on Most Significant Bits (MSBs). The results obtained by extensive evaluations show that BiSuT can reduce the impact of multiple permanent faults, with low hardware costs, compared to existing approaches, like Hamming code.
Published: 2022

10. Black-Box Optimization Revisited: Improving Algorithm Selection Wizards Through Massive Benchmarking

Author: Laurent Meunier, Paco Wong, Jeremy Rapin, Antoine Moreau, Olivier Teytaud, Carola Doerr, Baptiste Roziere, Herilalaina Rakotoarison, Facebook AI Research [Paris] (FAIR), Facebook, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TAckling the Underspecified (TAU), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique (LISN), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Recherche Opérationnelle (RO), LIP6, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'informatique de l'École polytechnique [Palaiseau] (LIX), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Optimization problem, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, Overfitting, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Theoretical Computer Science, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Black box, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business.industry, Black-Box Optimization, Suite, Benchmarking, Wizard, Range (mathematics), Computational Theory and Mathematics, Benchmark (computing), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, business, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; Existing studies in black-box optimization for machine learning suffer from low generalizability, caused by a typically selective choice of problem instances used for training and testing different optimization algorithms. Among other issues, this practice promotes overfitting and poor-performing user guidelines. To address this shortcoming, we propose in this work a benchmark suite, OptimSuite, which covers a broad range of black-box optimization problems, ranging from academic benchmarks to real-world applications, from discrete over numerical to mixed-integer problems, from small to very large-scale problems, from noisy over dynamic to static problems, etc. We demonstrate the advantages of such a broad collection by deriving from it Automated Black Box Optimizer (ABBO), a general-purpose algorithm selection wizard. Using three different types of algorithm selection techniques, ABBO achieves competitive performance on all benchmark suites. It significantly outperforms previous state of the art on some of them, including YABBOB and LSGO. ABBO relies on many high-quality base components. Its excellent performance is obtained without any task-specific parametrization. The OptimSuite benchmark collection, the ABBO wizard and its base solvers have all been merged into the open-source Nevergrad platform, where they are available for reproducible research.
Published: 2022

11. Material category of visual objects computed from specular image structure

Author: Pascal Barla, Katja Doerschner, Alexandra C. Schmid, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Melting the frontiers between Light, Shape and Matter (MANAO), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Photonique, Numérique et Nanosciences (LP2N), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Bilkent University [Ankara]
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Pattern recognition, Context (language use), Gloss (optics), 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, Range (mathematics), 0302 clinical medicine, Visual Objects, Perception, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Contrast (vision), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Artificial intelligence, Specular reflection, business, computer, Categorical variable, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, computer.programming_language, media_common
Abstract: Recognising materials and their properties from visual information is vital for successful interactions with our environment, from avoiding slippery floors to handling fragile objects. Yet there is no simple mapping of retinal image intensities to the physical properties that define materials. While studies have investigated how material properties like surface gloss are perceived from regularities in image structure, such as the size, sharpness, contrast, and position of bright patches caused by specular reflections, little is known how this translates to the recognition of different material classes like plastic, pearl, satin, or steel, and the underlying mechanisms involved. We investigated this by collecting human psychophysical judgments about complex glossy objects rendered in natural illumination fields. We found that variations in specular image structure – produced either by different reflectance properties or direct manipulation of image features – caused categorical shifts in material appearance, suggesting that specular reflections provide diagnostic information about a wide range of material classes, including many that should be defined by more complex scattering functions. Moreover, differences in material category were predicted by, but also appeared to mediate, cues for surface gloss, providing evidence against a traditional feedforward view of neural processing that assumes combinations of mid-level properties mediate our holistic, categorical impressions. Instead, our results suggest that the image structure that triggers our perception of surface gloss plays a direct role in visual categorisation and, importantly, that the perception and neural processing of stimulus properties should not be studied in isolation but rather in the context of recognition.
Published: 2023
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12. Stochastic local search and parameters recommendation: a case study on flowshop problems

Author: Lucas M. Pavelski, Marie-Eléonore Kessaci, Myriam Regattieri Delgado, Alex A. Freitas, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR), Operational Research, Knowledge And Data (ORKAD), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Computing [Kent], and University of Kent [Canterbury]
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Computer science, business.industry, Management of Technology and Innovation, Strategy and Management, Local search (optimization), [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Management Science and Operations Research, Business and International Management, [INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM], business, Computer Science Applications
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

13. Light Scattering Mechanisms in Few-Mode Fibers

Author: Yves Quiquempois, Stéphane Plus, Marianne Bigot, Maroun Bsaibes, Pierre Sillard, Guillaume Labroille, Adrien Masselot, Jean-Baptiste Trinel, Laurent Bigot, Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CAILabs (CAILabs), Prysmian Group, Institut de Recherche sur les Composants logiciels et matériels pour l'Information et la Communication Avancé - USR 3380 (IRCICA), Prysmian Group (.), Photonique (Photonique), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-20-CE24-0016,MUPHTA,Photonique Multimode pour Applications Telecom(2020)
Subjects: Optics, Materials science, business.industry, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Mode (statistics), business, Light scattering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

14. PECATI: A Multicentric, Open-Label, Single-Arm Phase II Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib in Pretreated B3-Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Patients

Author: Laurence Bigay-Game, Miguel Sampayo, Nicolas Girard, Laurent Greillier, Benjamin Besse, Javier de Castro, Jordi Remon, Sophie Cousin, R. Bernabé, Oscar Juan, Joaquin Mosquera, Silvia Novello, Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal, Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut Curie [Paris], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Service de pneumologie [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe = University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), and Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Lung Neoplasms, Thymoma, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Second-line, Pembrolizumab, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Immunotherapy, Lenvatinib, Pembrolizumab, Second-line, Thymic epithelial tumors, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Lenvatinib, Humans, Medicine, Thymic epithelial tumors, Lung cancer, Survival rate, Thymic carcinoma, business.industry, Phenylurea Compounds, Standard treatment, Cancer, Thymus Neoplasms, medicine.disease, chemistry, Quinolines, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Immunotherapy, business
Abstract: International audience; Thymic epithelial tumors are rare neoplastic proliferations of thymic epithelial cells. The aggressiveness of these malignancies increases as higher is the histologic subtype, being thymic carcinoma the most aggressive subtype, with a greater tendency to metastatic spread. In metastatic setting, there is no standard treatment after progression on platinum-based chemotherapy. In this scenario, monotherapy treatment either with lenvatinib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic properties, or pembrolizumab, an immune-checkpoint inhibitor, has reported clinical activity. Potential combination of both agents may have synergistic activity as reported in other cancer types. PECATI trial is a single-arm, investigator-initiated phase II study aiming to assess the activity and safety of the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab in 43 patients with advanced B3-thymoma or thymic carcinoma who progressed on or after at least one previous line of platinum-based chemotherapy. The primary endpoint of the trial is 5-month progression-free survival rate and the secondary endpoints include overall response rate, duration of response, and overall survival.
Published: 2022

15. Combining Dantzig-Wolfe and Benders decompositions to solve a large-scale nuclear outage planning problem

Author: Halil Şen, Rodolphe Griset, François Vanderbeck, Boris Detienne, Marc Porcheron, Pascale Bendotti, Optimisation, Simulation, Risque et Statistiques pour les Marchés de l’Energie (EDF R&D OSIRIS), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Reformulations based algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization (Realopt), Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche en Informatique (LaBRI), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RealOpt, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Électronique, Informatique et Radiocommunications de Bordeaux (ENSEIRB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux (IMB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Formulations étendues et méthodes de décomposition pour des problèmes génériques d'optimisation (EDGE), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Bordeaux - Sud-Ouest
Subjects: Mathematical optimization, Information Systems and Management, General Computer Science, Computer science, Benders decomposition, 020209 energy, 0211 other engineering and technologies, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Benders' decomposition, Electricity demand, 7. Clean energy, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Decomposition (computer science), Production (economics), 021103 operations research, business.industry, Scale (chemistry), Nuclear outage scheduling, Integer programming, OR in energy, Modeling and Simulation, [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Electricity, business
Abstract: International audience; Optimizing nuclear unit outages is of significant economic importance for the French electricity company EDF, as these outages induce a substitute production by other more expensive means to fulfill electricity demand. This problem is quite challenging given the specific operating constraints of nuclear units, the stochasticity of both the demand and non-nuclear units availability, and the scale of the instances. To tackle these difficulties we use a combined decomposition approach. The operating constraints of the nuclear units are built into a Dantzig-Wolfe pricing subproblem whose solutions define the columns of a demand covering formulation. The scenarios of demand and non-nuclear units availability are handled in a Benders decomposition. Our approach is shown to scale up to the real-life instances of the French nuclear fleet.
Published: 2022

16. Pulmonary tuberculosis and management of contact patients in a Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation

Author: Anne-Marie Rogues, Karine Moreau, Pierre Merville, Isabelle Pellegrin, A. Duvignaud, Lionel Couzi, Hannah Kaminski, Marie-Catherine Receveur, Laure Burguet, Olivia Peuchant, D.T. Nguyen, Admin, Oskar, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Immunology from Concept and Experiments to Translation (ImmunoConcept), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Contacts, Interferon gamma release assay, Interferon Gamma Release Assay, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Latent Tuberculosis, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Kidney transplantation, 0303 health sciences, Latent tuberculosis, Tuberculin Test, Prophylaxis, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Kidney Transplantation, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Therapy, business, Interferon-gamma Release Tests, Kidney disease
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES: To describe the investigation, follow-up, management and outcomes in a cohort of chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients exposed to a case of pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: Contacts were investigated following a concentric circles approach and followed-up according to their level of priority. In those with an evidence of latent tuberculous infection, treatment decision was based on the level of exposure, individual vulnerability, as well as the results of an interferon-gamma release assay. RESULTS: 130 patients with chronic kidney disease and 180 kidney transplant recipients were identified as contacts and followed-up over a two-year period.Only few vulnerable high-priority contacts received an anti-tuberculosis treatment, including the 2 (100%)highly exposed patients in circle 1, 11/78(14.1%)chronic kidney disease patients and 4/142 (2.8%) kidney transplant recipients in circle 2, and10/52 (19.2%) chronic kidney disease patients and 2/36 (5.6%) kidney transplant recipients in circle 3;all having a positive interferon-gamma release assay result. No incident case of tuberculosis disease occurred. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that latent tuberculosis treatment, as recommended in European guidelines, might be reasonably avoided in vulnerable high-priority contacts of circle 2 with a negative interferon-gamma release assay in countries with low prevalence of tuberculosis.
Published: 2022

17. Optimizing subscriber migrations for a telecommunication operator in uncertain context

Author: Adrien Cambier, Adam Ouorou, Matthieu Chardy, Michael Poss, Rosa Figueiredo, Orange Labs [Chatillon], Orange Labs, Laboratoire Informatique d'Avignon (LIA), Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI-Avignon Université (AU), Orange Labs [Issy les Moulineaux], France Télécom, Méthodes Algorithmes pour l'Ordonnancement et les Réseaux (MAORE), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Avignon Université (AU)-Centre d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Informatique - CERI, and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mixed-Integer Linear Programming, Information Systems and Management, General Computer Science, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Robust Optimization, Polytope, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Robust optimization problem, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Through-the-lens metering, 0502 economics and business, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], OR in telecommunications, [MATH]Mathematics [math], 050210 logistics & transportation, 021103 operations research, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Capacity Expansion, Robust optimization, Bass model, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Modeling and Simulation, Scalability, Telecommunications, business
Abstract: Preprint submitted to EJOR; We consider a telecommunications company expanding its network capacity to face an increasing demand. The company can also invest in marketing to incentivize clients to shift to more recent technologies, hopefully leading to cheaper overall costs. To model the effect of marketing campaigns, previous works have relied on the Bass model. Since that model only provides a rough approximation of the actual shifting mechanism, the purpose of this work is to consider uncertainty in the shifting mechanism through the lens of robust optimization. We thus assume that the (discrete) shifting function can take any value in a given polytope and wish to optimize against the worst-case realization. The resulting robust optimization problem possesses integer recourse variables and non-linear dependencies on the uncertain parameters. We address these difficulties as follows. First, the integer recourse is tackled heuristically through a piece-wise constant policy dictated by a prior partition of the uncertainty polytope. Second, the non-linearities are handled by a careful analysis of the dominating scenarios. The scalability and economical relevance of our models are assessed through numerical experiments performed on realistic instances. In particular, we choose one of these instances to perform a case study with simulations illustrating the possible benefit of using robust optimization.
Published: 2022

18. Bandpass NGD Time- Domain Experimental Test of Double-Li Microstrip Circuit

Author: Rym Assila Belhadj Mefteh, Atul Thakur, Wenceslas Rahajandraibe, Glauco Fontgalland, Remy Vauche, Fayu Wan, Fayrouz Haddad, Preeti Thakur, Sebastien Lallechere, Blaise Ravelo, Institut des Matériaux, de Microélectronique et des Nanosciences de Provence (IM2NP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Frequency band, Bandwidth (signal processing), Microstrip, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Optics, Band-pass filter, Hardware and Architecture, Frequency domain, Time domain, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Center frequency, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Software, Group delay and phase delay
Abstract: This paper details a time-domain (TD) test to visualize impacts on the double-li microstrip circuit behavior of its bandpass (BP) negative group delay (NGD). To determine the central frequency and the bandwidth of the input signal to use during the TD test, a frequency domain (FD) S-parameter analysis of the circuit has been done. This preliminary analysis, carried out first with the aid of simulations and then with the aid of measurements, shows a NGD for a frequency band of 15 MHz (resp. 8 MHz) around 2.345 GHz (resp. 2.364 GHz). To observe in the TD the NGD impact around 2.345 GHz, TD experimentations have been performed using a 2.345 GHz sine carrier shaped by Gaussian pulses. During these TD tests, the BP NGD signature was verified thanks to the output envelopes which presents rising and falling edges in time-advance compared to the input ones. It was also experimentally shown that the output is normally delayed when the input sine carrier is outside of the li-circuit NGD frequency bands.
Published: 2022

19. uPA/PAI-1 et EPClin® : comparaison de leur impact sur la prise en charge des cancers du sein de pronostic intermédiaire

Author: Carole Mathelin, Nathalie Reix, Marine Osada, Pauline Maniez, Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de génétique et biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Reproductive Medicine, business.industry, Upa pai 1, medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], business
Abstract: Resume Objectif. Le dosage d’uPA/PAI-1 et le test EPClin® s’ajoutent aux criteres clinico-pathologiques pour poser l’indication d’une chimiotherapie adjuvante dans le traitement des cancers du sein invasifs de pronostic intermediaire. Notre etude a eu pour objectif principal d’analyser la concordance des tests uPA/PAI-1 et EPClin® dans le classement des patientes en deux groupes : faible et haut risque de rechute. Methodes. Nous avons inclus 63 patientes prises en charge pour un cancer du sein invasif de pronostic intermediaire et ayant beneficie d’un dosage d’uPA/PAI-1 et d’un test EPClin®. Resultats. Les tests uPA/PAI-1 et EPClin® etaient concordants pour 56,2 % et discordants pour 43,8 % des patientes. En cas de discordance, la decision therapeutique a ete prise dans 95,2 % des cas selon le test EPClin®. Au total, l’indication de chimiotherapie adjuvante a ete retenue pour 38 patientes apres realisation des 2 tests. Le delai moyen de rendu des resultats apres chirurgie etait de 9 jours pour uPA/PAI-1 et 35 jours pour EPClin®. Aucun cas de recidive ou de deces n’a ete retrouve, avec une moyenne de suivi de 32 mois. Conclusion. Le test EPClin® a conduit a la prescription de plus de chimiotherapies que ne l’a indique uPA/PAI-1. Il nous est toutefois impossible de conclure a la superiorite d’un test par rapport a l’autre, le recul sur les donnees de survie ainsi que l’effectif etudie etant insuffisants. De maniere generale, les etudes comparant les differentes signatures aidant a la decision therapeutique des cancers du sein de pronostic intermediaire doivent etre encouragees.
Published: 2022

20. Tuning absorption and emission in monolayer semiconductors: a brief survey

Author: Xavier Marie, Cedric Robert, Lei Ren, M. A. Semina, Mikhail M. Glazov, Bernhard Urbaszek, Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, and Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS)
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor, 0103 physical sciences, Monolayer, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

21. An Ultra-Thin Near-Perfect Absorber via Block Copolymer Engineered Metasurfaces

Author: Cian Cummins, Alberto Alvarez-Fernandez, Nils Demazy, Marc Zelsmann, Georges Hadziioannou, Philippe Barois, Ahmed Bentaleb, Alexandre Baron, Ranjeet Dwivedi, Gwenaelle Pound-Lana, Quentin Flamant, Guillaume Fleury, Virginie Ponsinet, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal (CRPP), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Team 4 LCPO : Polymer Materials for Electronic, Energy, Information and Communication Technologies, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique (LTM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ANR-10-EQPX-0028,ELORPrinttec,'Plate-forme de l'Université de Bordeaux pour l'organique électronique imprimable : de la molécule aux dispositifs et systèmes intégrés - valorisation et commercialisation'(2010), ANR-10-IDEX-0003,IDEX BORDEAUX,Initiative d'excellence de l'Université de Bordeaux(2010), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie et de Physique (ENSCBP)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Equipex ELORPrintTec ANR-10-EQPX-28-01 French state’s Initiative d’Excellence Bordeaux IdEx ANR-10-IDEX-003-02, and European Project: IdEx Bordeaux (ANR-10-IDEX- 003-02)
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Nanoparticle, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Block copolymers, metasurfaces, nanoresonators, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Biomaterials, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Planar, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Copolymer, Optoelectronics, Photonics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), business, Light absorber, perfect absorbers, flat optics, Layer (electronics)
Abstract: International audience; Producing ultrathin light absorber layers is attractive towards the integration of lightweight planar components in electronic, photonic, and sensor devices. In this work, we report the experimental demonstration of a thin gold (Au) metallic metasurface with near-perfect visible absorption (~ 95 %). Au nanoresonators possessing heights from 5-15 nm with sub-50 nm diameters were engineered by block copolymer (BCP) templating. The Au nanoresonators were fabricated on an alumina (Al2O3) spacer layer and a reflecting Au mirror, in a film-coupled nanoparticle design. The BCP nanopatterning strategy to produce desired heights of Au nanoresonators was tailored to achieve nearperfect absorption at ≈ 600 nm. The experimental insight described in this work is a step forward towards realizing large area flat optics applications derived from subwavelengththin metasurfaces.
Published: 2022

22. Update on glasdegib in acute myeloid leukemia – broadening horizons of Hedgehog pathway inhibitors

Author: Fanny Mathias, Cyril Fersing, UNICANCER - Institut régional du Cancer Montpellier Val d'Aurelle (ICM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)
Subjects: Pharmacology, business.industry, glasdegib, PF-04449913, PF-913, acute myeloid leukemia, Hedgehog pathway, smoothened, pf-913, Pharmaceutical Science, Myeloid leukemia, General Medicine, pf-04449913, Hedgehog signaling pathway, hedgehog pathway, [SDV.SP.MED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Medication, Cancer research, Medicine, HD9665-9675, business, Smoothened, Pharmaceutical industry
Abstract: Numerous new emerging therapies, including oral targeted chemotherapies, have recently entered the therapeutic arsenal against acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The significant shift toward the use of these novel therapeutics, administered either alone or in combination with intensive or low-intensity chemotherapy, changes the prospects for the control of this disease, especially for elderly patients. Glasdegib, an oral Hedgehog pathway inhibitor, showed satisfactory response rates associated with moderate toxicity and less early mortality than standard induction regimens in this population. It was approved in November 2018 by the FDA and in June 2020 by the EMA for use in combination with low-dose cytarabine as a treatment of newly-diagnosed AML in patients aged ≥ 75 and/or unfit for intensive induction chemotherapy. The current paper proposes an extensive, up-to-date review of the preclinical and clinical development of glasdegib. Elements of its routine clinical use and the landscape of ongoing clinical trials are also stated.
Published: 2022

23. Optimal transport improves cell–cell similarity inference in single-cell omics data

Author: Laura Cantini, Huizing G, Gabriel Peyré, Institut de biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Marien Ngouabi, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-20-CE45-0015,scMOmix,Méthodes pour l'intégration de données multi-omiques en cellule-unique(2020), Cantini, Laura, Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Analyse (DMA), Département de Mathématiques et Applications - ENS Paris (DMA), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Méthodes pour l'intégration de données multi-omiques en cellule-unique - - scMOmix2020 - ANR-20-CE45-0015 - AAPG2020 - VALID, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, ANR-19-P3IA-0001,PRAIRIE,PaRis Artificial Intelligence Research InstitutE(2019), and PaRis Artificial Intelligence Research InstitutE - - PRAIRIE2019 - ANR-19-P3IA-0001 - P3IA - VALID
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Inference, [MATH] Mathematics [math], Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Similarity (network science), [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Profiling (computer programming), 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BIBS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], business.industry, Pattern recognition, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, 3. Good health, [STAT] Statistics [stat], Computer Science Applications, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [STAT]Statistics [stat], Identification (information), Computational Mathematics, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Metric (mathematics), Benchmark (computing), symbols, Probability distribution, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Artificial intelligence, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Motivation High-throughput single-cell molecular profiling is revolutionizing biology and medicine by unveiling the diversity of cell types and states contributing to development and disease. The identification and characterization of cellular heterogeneity are typically achieved through unsupervised clustering, which crucially relies on a similarity metric. Results We here propose the use of Optimal Transport (OT) as a cell–cell similarity metric for single-cell omics data. OT defines distances to compare high-dimensional data represented as probability distributions. To speed up computations and cope with the high dimensionality of single-cell data, we consider the entropic regularization of the classical OT distance. We then extensively benchmark OT against state-of-the-art metrics over 13 independent datasets, including simulated, scRNA-seq, scATAC-seq and single-cell DNA methylation data. First, we test the ability of the metrics to detect the similarity between cells belonging to the same groups (e.g. cell types, cell lines of origin). Then, we apply unsupervised clustering and test the quality of the resulting clusters. OT is found to improve cell–cell similarity inference and cell clustering in all simulated and real scRNA-seq data, as well as in scATAC-seq and single-cell DNA methylation data. Availability and implementation All our analyses are reproducible through the OT-scOmics Jupyter notebook available at https://github.com/ComputationalSystemsBiology/OT-scOmics. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Published: 2022

24. Detecting Specular Reflections and Cast Shadows to Estimate Reflectance and Illumination of Dynamic Indoor Scenes

Author: Eric Marchand, Salma Jiddi, Philippe Robert, Technicolor [Cesson Sévigné], Technicolor, Geomagical Labs, InterDigital R&D France, Sensor-based and interactive robotics (RAINBOW), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-RÉALITÉ VIRTUELLE, HUMAINS VIRTUELS, INTERACTIONS ET ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)
Subjects: diffuse, reflectance, Computer science, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, 02 engineering and technology, Virtual reality, Metaverse, shadow, Shadow, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], specular, Computer vision, Specular reflection, mixed reality, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, business.industry, illumination, 020207 software engineering, Photometric registration, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Reflectivity, Mixed reality, Range (mathematics), Specularity, Signal Processing, retexturing, RGB color model, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, business, texture, Software
Abstract: International audience; The goal of Mixed Reality (MR) is to achieve a seamless and realistic blending between real and virtual worlds. This requires the estimation of reflectance properties and lighting characteristics of the real scene. One of the main challenges within this task consists in recovering such properties using a single RGB-D camera. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework to recover both the position and color of multiple light sources as well as the specular reflectance of real scene surfaces. This is achieved by detecting and incorporating information from both specular reflections and cast shadows. Our approach is capable of handling any textured surface and considers both static and dynamic light sources. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through a range of applications including visually-consistent mixed reality scenarios (e.g. correct real specularity removal, coherent shadows in terms of shape and intensity) and retexturing where the texture of the scene is altered whereas the incident lighting is preserved.
Published: 2022

25. Soluble CD146 is increased in preeclampsia and interacts with galectin-1 to regulate trophoblast migration through VEGFR2 receptor

Author: Ahmad Joshkon, Alexandrine Foucault-Bertaud, Wael Traboulsi, Christophe Demattei, Françoise Dignat-George, Nadia Alfaidy, Richard Bachelier, Odile Paulmyer-Lacroix, Jean-Christophe Gris, Aurélie S. Leroyer, Marcel Blot-Chabaud, Sylvie Bouvier Pharm, V. Letouzey, Nathalie Bardin, Mathieu Fortier, Sandra M. Blois, Marie Nollet, Eve Mousty, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Vascular research center of Marseille (VRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research (C2VN), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique Innovation et Méthodologie [CHU Nîmes] (BESPIM), Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mécanisme de l’Angiogenèseet des BarrièresBiologiques (MAB2), BioSanté (UMR BioSanté), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant (IRTSV), and GRIS, Jean-Christophe
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.HEM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Galectin 1, MESH: Pre-Eclampsia, MESH: Trophoblasts, CD146 Antigen, [SDV.MHEP.GEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, Preeclampsia, Andrology, MESH: Pregnancy, Pre-Eclampsia, Trophoblast migration, Pregnancy, Galectin-1, Blocking antibody, Soluble CD146 could be proposed as a biomarker in preeclampsia and a potential therapeutic target, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Receptor, reproductive and urinary physiology, MESH: Galectin 1, MESH: Humans, Eclampsia, business.industry, Trophoblast, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, medicine.disease, Trophoblasts, MESH: Prospective Stufies, carbohydrates (lipids), [SDV.MHEP.GEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Gynecology and obstetrics, medicine.anatomical_structure, CD146/sCD146, Female, Signal transduction, MESH: CD146 Antigen, business, MESH: Female
Abstract: International audience; Objective: To explore the regulatory role of soluble CD146 (sCD146) and its interaction with galectin-1 (Gal1) in placenta-mediated complications of pregnancy.Design: Prospective pilot and experimental studies.Setting: University-affiliated hospital and academic research laboratory.Patient(s): One hundred fifteen women divided into three groups: 30 healthy, nonpregnant women, 50 women with normal pregnancies, and 35 with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications.Intervention(s): Wound-healing experiments were conducted to study trophoblast migration.Main outcome measure(s): Quantification of sCD146 and Gal1 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analysis of trophoblast migration by wound closure.Result(s): Concomitant detection of sCD146 and Gal1 showed lower sCD146 and higher Gal1 concentrations in women with normal pregnancies compared with nonpregnant women. In addition, follow-up of these women revealed a decrease in sCD146 associated with an increase in Gal1 throughout pregnancy. In contrast, in women with preeclampsia, we found significantly higher sCD146 concentrations compared with women with normal pregnancies and no modification of Gal1. We emphasize the opposing effects of sCD146 and Gal, since, unlike Gal1, sCD146 inhibits trophoblast migration. Moreover, the migratory effect of Gal1 was abrogated with the use of an anti-CD146 blocking antibody or the use of small interfering RNA to silence VEGFR2 expression. This suggests that trophoblast migration is mediated though the interaction of Gal1 with CD146, further activating the VEGFR2 signaling pathway. Significantly, sCD146 blocked the migratory effects of Gal1 on trophoblasts and inhibited its secretion, suggesting that sCD146 acts as a ligand trap.Conclusion(s): Soluble CD146 could be proposed as a biomarker in preeclampsia and a potential therapeutic target. Clinical trial registration number: NCT 01736826.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01736826.
Published: 2022

26. Redrawing therapeutic boundaries: microbiota and cancer

Author: Jonathan Sholl, Thomas Pradeu, Gregory D. Sepich-Poore, Rob Knight, Immunology from Concept and Experiments to Translation (ImmunoConcept), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 637647,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,IDEM(2015), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: Network medicine, Cancer Research, causality, Carcinogenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Oncology and Carcinogenesis, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Bioinformatics, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system, Article, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, fluids and secretions, 0302 clinical medicine, Neoplasms, medicine, cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Aetiology, network medicine, 030304 developmental biology, Predictive biomarker, Clinical Oncology, therapeutic modulation, 0303 health sciences, Bacteria, business.industry, Microbiota, [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, biomarkers, Cancer, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, stomatognathic diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Oncology, Cancer incidence, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Cancer development, business
Abstract: International audience; The unexpected roles of the microbiota in cancer challenge explanations of carcinogenesis that focus on tumor-intrinsic properties. Most tumors contain bacteria and viruses, and the host’s proximal and distal microbiota influence both cancer incidence and therapeutic responsiveness. Continuing the history of cancer–microbe research, these findings raise a key question: to what extent is the microbiota relevant for clinical oncology? We approach this by critically evaluating three issues: how the microbiota provides a predictive biomarker of cancer growth and therapeutic responsiveness, the microbiota’s causal role(s) in cancer development, and how therapeutic manipulations of the microbiota improve patient outcomes in cancer. Clarifying the conceptual and empirical aspects of the cancer-associated microbiota can orient future research and guide its implementation in clinical oncology.
Published: 2022

27. Shoulder arthrodesis in brachial plexus palsy

Author: M. Antoni, P. Clavert, Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Shoulder, medicine.medical_specialty, Limb salvage, Arthrodesis, 030230 surgery, Shoulder arthrodesis, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Paralysis, Medicine, Brachial Plexus, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Complication rate, Range of Motion, Articular, 030222 orthopedics, Palsy, Shoulder Joint, business.industry, Rehabilitation, [PHYS.MECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics], Tendon, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, business, Brachial plexus
Abstract: Long considered as the ultimate surgery for limb salvage in case of brachial plexus palsy, shoulder fusion has seen its indications reduced with the development of more numerous and multiple tendon transfers. This option remains valid and should always be suggested first because of its reliable effects on pain and function. However, it is a demanding surgery, the position of the fusion remains difficult to determine and the complication rate is not negligible.
Published: 2022

28. Molecular characterization of fast-growing melanomas

Author: Anderson Loundou, Gabriela Gremel, Richard Marais, Martin G. Cook, Caroline Gaudy-Marqueste, Eduardo Nagore, Nicolas Macagno, Piyushkumar A. Mundra, Timothy Budden, Victoria Akhras, L'Houcine Ouafik, Lijing Lin, J.J. Grob, Eric Pellegrino, Rajesh Kumar, Amaya Viros, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire de Transfert d'Oncologie Biologique [Hôpital Nord - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital Nord [CHU - APHM], Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester [Manchester], St George’s University Hospitals, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), and Instituto Valenciano de Oncologia
Subjects: Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Skin Neoplasms, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Dermatology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Melanoma, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Tumor biology, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Methods observational, 3. Good health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, business, Adjuvant, Memory bias, Rate of growth
Abstract: Background The rate of growth of primary melanoma is a robust predictor of aggressiveness, but the mutational profile of fast-growing melanomas (FGMM) and the potential to stratify patients at high risk of death has not been comprehensively studied. Objective To investigate the epidemiologic, clinical, and mutational profile of primary cutaneous melanomas with a thickness ≥ 1 mm, stratified by rate of growth. Methods Observational prospective study. Deep-targeted sequencing of 40 melanoma driver genes on formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded primary melanoma samples. Comparison of FGMM (rate of growth > 0.5 mm/month) and nonFGMM (rate of growth ≤ 0.5 mm/month). Results Two hundred patients were enrolled, among wom 70 had FGMM. The relapse-free survival was lower in the FGMM group (P = .014). FGMM had a higher number of predicted deleterious mutations within the 40 genes than nonFGMM (P = .033). Ulceration (P = .032), thickness (P = .006), lower sun exposure (P = .049), and fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) mutations (P = .037) were significantly associated with fast growth. Limitations Single-center study, cohort size, potential memory bias, number of investigated genes. Conclusion Fast growth is linked to specific tumor biology and environmental factors. Ulceration, thickness, and FGFR2 mutations are associated with fast growth. Screening for FGFR2 mutations might provide an additional tool to better identify FGMM, which are probably good candidates for adjuvant therapies.
Published: 2022

29. Psychothérapie augmentée par rTMS pour les troubles neurologiques fonctionnels

Author: I. English, Hugo Bottemanne, L. Pernet, T. de La Forest Divonne, K. Imadache, Bruno Millet, E. Barron, Sciences, Normes, Démocratie [Paris] (SND), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de médecine [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Psychiatrie Adulte [CHU Pitié-Salpêtière], Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, [SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Neurological disorder, Psychogenic tremor, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Psychogenic paralysis, medicine, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Resume Contexte Nous rapportons l’observation d’une patiente de 47 ans souffrant d’un trouble neurologique fonctionnel (TNF) avec une tetraparesie, des tremblements mixtes et des crises psychogenes non-epileptiques (CPNE), traitee par un protocole de psychotherapie augmentee par stimulation magnetique transcrânienne repetee (rTMS). Intervention Nous avons realise un protocole de psychotherapie biofeedback augmentee par rTMS (vingt seances a raison de deux seances par jour pendant dix jours avec un protocole de stimulation : 1 Hz, 150 % du seuil moteur, sessions de vingt minutes, 300 pulses par sessions) au cours duquel la patiente visualisait l’activite motrice de ses membres superieurs pendant une stimulation de l’aire motrice primaire (AMP). L’evolution de la symptomatologie neurologique a ete evaluee a l’aide de l’echelle MRC pour la force musculaire (Medical Research Council Scale for Muscle Strength). Resultats La symptomatologie a ete amelioree entre les quatrieme et sixieme jours de traitement (huitieme et douzieme seances) avec premierement une levee de la paresie, puis une amelioration secondaire en cascade des autres symptomes fonctionnels. A deux mois, la patiente ne presentait plus de symptome neurologique fonctionnel. Discussion & conclusion Nous proposons plusieurs hypotheses concernant l’efficacite de ce type de protocole de biofeedback utilisant la rTMS. Nous suggerons egalement que ce type de protocole devrait etre systematiquement associe a un accompagnement psychotherapeutique travaillant sur les elements biographiques pour une prise en charge holistique. Cette observation souligne l’interet de potentialiser les psychotherapies cognitivo-comportementales utilisant le principe du conditionnement operant a l’aide de la stimulation cerebrale dans les troubles neurologiques fonctionnels, et motive la realisation d’etudes futures.
Published: 2022

30. Does the Addition of a Gastroepiploic Artery to Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery Improve Survival?

Author: Olivier Jegaden, Fadi Farhat, Amar O. Hassan, Margaux P. O. Jegaden, Armand Eker, Joel Lapeze, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Université de Lyon, Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre Cardio-Thoracique de Monaco (CCTM), Clinique de l'Infirmerie Protestante de Lyon (CIPL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and CarMeN, laboratoire
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Internal thoracic artery, Coronary Artery Disease, Gastroepiploic Artery, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Lower risk, Revascularization, 03 medical and health sciences, Coronary artery bypass surgery, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.artery, medicine, Humans, Coronary Artery Bypass, Mammary Arteries, Radial artery, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, General Medicine, 3. Good health, Surgery, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Treatment Outcome, 030228 respiratory system, Right coronary artery, Arterial revascularization, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Mace
Abstract: International audience; It is unclear whether the additional conduit to supplement bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITA) influences the patient outcome in coronary surgery. This retrospective study compared long-term survival of patients undergoing left-sided BITA grafting in which the third conduit to the right coronary system (RCA) was either vein graft (SVG) or gastroepiploic artery (GEA). From 1989 to 2014, 1432 consecutive patients underwent left-sided revascularization with BITA associated with SVG (n = 599) or GEA (n = 833) to RCA. Propensity score was calculated by logistic regression model and patients were matched 1 to 1 leading to 2 groups of 320 matched patients. The primary end point was the overall mortality from any cause. GEA was used in significantly lower risk patients. The 30-day mortality was 1.6% without influence of the graft configuration. Postoperative follow-up was 13.6 ± 6.6 years and was 94% complete. The significant difference in patients' survival observed at 20 years in favor of GEA in unmatched groups (48 ± 4% vs 33 ± 6%, P \textless 0.001) was not confirmed in matched groups (41 ± 7% vs 36 ± 7%, P = 0.112). In multivariable Cox model analysis, the conduit used to RCA did not influence the long-term survival in matched groups, like no other graft configuration or operative parameter. Only complete revascularization remained predictor of survival (P = 0.016), with age (P \textless 0.0001), diabetes status (P = 0.007), and left ventricle ejection fraction (P \textless 0.0001). Long-term survival in patients undergoing BITA grafting is not affected by using GEA as third arterial conduit in alternative to SVG. Further studies are necessary to assess its impact on long-term cardiac events.
Published: 2022

31. Long-Term Safety and Efficacy Data of Golodirsen in Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Amenable to Exon 53 Skipping: A First-in-human, Multicenter, Two-Part, Open-Label, Phase 1/2 Trial

Author: Ashish Dugar, Eugenio Mercuri, Xiaodong Wang, Volker Straub, Baoguang Han, Daniela Leone, Navid Khan, Dan Wang, Erica Koenig, Laurent Servais, Andreea Mihaela Seferian, Michela Guglieri, Mariacristina Scoto, Francesco Muntoni, University of Oxford, Institut de Myologie, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège (CHU-Liège), Université de Liège, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University College of London [London] (UCL), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children [London] (GOSH), Sarepta Therapeutics, University of Oxford [Oxford], I-Motion Institut [CHU Trousseau], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore [Roma] (Unicatt), Fondazione 'Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli' [Rome], and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: Duchenne muscular dystrophy, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Population, Oligonucleotides, Walk Test, golodirsen, Biochemistry, Dystrophin, 03 medical and health sciences, FEV1/FVC ratio, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Multicenter trial, Drug Discovery, Genetics, medicine, Clinical endpoint, Humans, education, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, business.industry, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Exons, medicine.disease, Original Papers, Exon skipping, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne, [SDV.SP.PHARMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Ambulatory, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Molecular Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, exon skipping
Abstract: The aim of this Phase 1/2, 2-part, multicenter trial was to report clinical safety and efficacy of long-term golodirsen treatment among ambulatory patients with exon 53 skip-amenable Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Part 1 was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-titration study followed by 9-week safety review. Part 2 was a 168-week, open-label evaluation of golodirsen 30 mg/kg. Part 1 primary endpoint was safety. Part 2 primary endpoints were dystrophin protein expression and 6-minute walk test (6MWT); secondary endpoints were percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%p) and safety. Post hoc ambulation analyses used mutation-matched external natural history controls. All patients from Part 1 (golodirsen, n = 8; placebo, n = 4) plus 13 additional patients entered Part 2; 23 completed the study. Adverse events were generally mild, nonserious, and unrelated to golodirsen, with no safety-related discontinuations or deaths. Golodirsen increased dystrophin protein (16.0-fold; P
Published: 2022

32. Machine learning at the service of meta-heuristics for solving combinatorial optimization problems: A state-of-the-art

Author: El-Ghazali Talbi, Mehrdad Mohammadi, Patrick Meyer, Maryam Karimi-Mamaghan, Amir Mohammad Karimi-Mamaghan, Optimisation de grande taille et calcul large échelle [BONUS], Equipe DECIDE (Lab-STICC_DECIDE), Laboratoire des sciences et techniques de l'information, de la communication et de la connaissance (Lab-STICC), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL), Département Logique des Usages, Sciences sociales et Sciences de l'Information (IMT Atlantique - LUSSI), IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), University of Tehran, Université de Lille - UFR des Humanités (Lille UFRH), Université de Lille, Optimisation de grande taille et calcul large échelle (BONUS), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 [CRIStAL], École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Brest (ENIB)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées Bretagne (ENSTA Bretagne)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bretagne Loire (UBL)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and Université de Lille - Faculté des Humanités (Lille Humanités)
Subjects: Service (systems architecture), Information Systems and Management, General Computer Science, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Initialization, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Robustness (computer science), Taxonomy (general), 0502 economics and business, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Quality (business), Metaheuristic, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, 050210 logistics & transportation, 021103 operations research, business.industry, 05 social sciences, [INFO.INFO-RO]Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], Modeling and Simulation, Key (cryptography), State (computer science), Artificial intelligence, business, computer
Abstract: International audience; Mixed Integer Linear Programs (MILPs) are usually NP-hard mathematical programming problems, which present difficulties to obtain optimal solutions in a reasonable time for large scale models. Nowadays, metaheuristics are one of the potential tools for solving this type of problems in any context. In this paper, we focus our attention on MILPs in the specific framework of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), where the determination of a score of technical efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) is one of the main objectives. In particular, we propose a new hyper-matheuristic grounded on a MILP-based decomposition in which the optimization problem is divided into two hierarchical subproblems. The new approach decomposes the model into discrete and continuous variables, treating each subproblem through different optimization methods. In particular, metaheuristics are used for dealing with the discrete variables, whereas exact methods are used for the set of continuous variables. The metaheuristics use an indirect representation that encodes an incomplete solution for the problem, whereas the exact method is applied to decode the solution and generate a complete solution. The experimental results, based on simulated data in the context of Data Envelopment Analysis, show that the solutions obtained through the new approach outperform those found by solving the problem globally using a metaheuristic method. Finally, regarding the new hyper-matheuristic scheme, the best algorithm selection is found for a set of cooperative metaheuristics ans exact optimization algorithms.
Published: 2022

33. N-Cluster Loss and Hard Sample Generative Deep Metric Learning for PolSAR Image Classification

Author: Licheng Jiao, Bo Ren, Biao Hou, Shuang Wang, Chen Yang, Jocelyn Chanussot, Yue Hu, Xidian University, GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: Measurement, Discriminator, Similarity (geometry), Contextual image classification, business.industry, Computer science, Feature vector, Deep learning, Pattern recognition, Sample (statistics), Scattering, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Task analysis, Metric (mathematics), Feature extraction, Training, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Convergence, business, Focus (optics), Data mining
Abstract: International audience; Deep learning works normally in PolSAR image classification because the complex terrain scattering characteristic results in large intraclass differences and high interclass similarity. Deep metric learning (DML) aims to make the features keep a closer intraclass and a farther interclass distance. Therefore, we introduce DML and then propose an N-cluster generative adversarial net (N-cluster GAN) framework for PolSAR image classification. However, existing DML losses mainly focus on the relationship between individual samples in feature space. Hence, we propose N-cluster loss that pays more attention to the overall structure of all samples. Meanwhile, traditional hard negative sample mining methods occupy lots of computational resources. In addition, the hard level of the negative samples will affect the model’s performance. Therefore, we explore a new method based on a GAN framework to replace the sample mining. Positive N-cluster loss is added to the discriminator ( D ), and a negative one is added to the generator ( G ). In this way, D will possess better classification ability, and G can produce hard negative samples for D . Then, the hard level of the generated negative samples will change with the discrimination of D , which is appropriate for the proposed model. N-cluster loss can be directly calculated through the extracted features rather than redundant data preparation. The proposed model is verified on four PolSAR datasets from two aspects of the loss function and negative samples mining. Then, it achieves competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art algorithms.
Published: 2022

34. Non-Triangular Self-Synchronizing Stream Ciphers

Author: Philippe Guillot, Marine Minier, Paul Huynh, Julien Francq, Loic Besson, Gilles Millérioux, Airbus CyberSecurity SAS [Élancourt], Laboratoire de Mathématiques de Versailles (LMV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cryptology, arithmetic : algebraic methods for better algorithms (CARAMBA), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Algorithms, Computation, Image and Geometry (LORIA - ALGO), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Analyse, Géométrie et Applications (LAGA), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), This work was partially supported by the French National Agency of Research under the grants number ANR-13-INSE-0005-01 and by the french PIA project 'Lorraine Université d’Excellence', reference ANR-15-IDEX-04-LUE., IMPACT-DIGITRUST, ANR-15-IDEX-0004,LUE,Isite LUE(2015), ANR-13-INSE-0005,THE CASCADE,THEorie du Contrôle Appliquée à la Synchronisation des CommunicAtions DiscrEtes(2013), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Finite-state machine, Dynamical systems theory, business.industry, Computer science, stream ciphers, Synchronizing, Topology, control theory, Theoretical Computer Science, Automaton, symmetric cryptography, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Symmetric-key algorithm, Hardware and Architecture, [INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering, finite state automata, business, Representation (mathematics), Stream cipher, Software
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we propose an instantiation, called \textsf{Stanislas}, of a dedicated Self-Synchronizing Stream Cipher (SSSC) involving an automaton with finite input memory using non-triangular state transition functions. Previous existing SSSC are based on automata with shifts or triangular functions (T-functions) as state transition functions. Our algorithm Stanislas admits a matrix representation deduced from a general and systematic methodology called Linear Parameter Varying (LPV). This particular representation comes from the automatic theory and from a special property of dynamical systems called flatness.
Published: 2022

35. HCV-related lymphoproliferative disorders in the direct-acting antiviral era: From mixed cryoglobulinaemia to B-cell lymphoma

Author: Matheus Vieira, Cloé Comarmond, D. Saadoun, Paul Régnier, Patrice Cacoub, Service de médecine interne et d'immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de Référence Maladies auto-immunes Systémiques Rares [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Departement Hospitalo- Universitaire - Inflammation, Immunopathologie, Biothérapie [Paris] (DHU - I2B), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses [CHU Tenon] (CeréMAIA), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Lariboisière-Fernand-Widal [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Département de médecine interne et immunologie clinique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (DMIIC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Trousseau [APHP]
Subjects: Lymphoma, B-Cell, Hepatitis C virus, Lymphoproliferative disorders, lymphoma, Hepacivirus, medicine.disease_cause, Antiviral Agents, cryoglobulinemia, vasculitis, extrahepatic manifestation, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, HCV (Hepatitis C), hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Humans, B-cell lymphoma, Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, B cell, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, treatment, Hepatology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Cryoglobulinemia, Lymphoproliferative Disorders, 3. Good health, Lymphoma, direct acting-antivirals (DAA), medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Immunology, lymphoproliferative disorder, Vasculitis, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to induce many B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. B lymphocytes are specialized in producing immunoglobulins, and within chronic HCV infection they can cause a range that goes from polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia without clinical repercussions, passing by mixed cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and eventually reaching B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This spectrum is supported by substantial epidemiological, pathophysiological and therapeutic data. Many, although not all, pathogenic pathways leading from one extreme to another have been decrypted. Chronic viral antigen stimulation of B lymphocytes has a central role until the last steps towards overt malignancy. This has direct implications in treatment strategies, which always include the use of direct-acting antiviral agents sometimes associated with immunosuppressants. The role of direct-acting antiviral agents has been well established in patients with cryoglobulinemia vasculitis. Its positive impact on B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma needs to be confirmed in larger studies with longer follow-up.
Published: 2022

36. Generating Natural Adversarial Remote Sensing Images

Author: Nicolas Courty, Rémi Flamary, Jean-Christophe Burnel, Kilian Fatras, Observation de l’environnement par imagerie complexe (OBELIX), SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Parcimonie et Nouveaux Algorithmes pour le Signal et la Modélisation Audio (PANAMA), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PNRIA, ANR-17-CE23-0012,OATMIL,Apprentissage statistique avec transport optimal(2017), ANR-20-CHIA-0030,OTTOPIA,Observation de la Terre par Transport Optimal pour l'Intelligence Artificielle(2020), ANR-18-EURE-0006,E4C,Energy for Climate Interdisciplinary Instute(2018), ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-SIGNAUX ET IMAGES NUMÉRIQUES, ROBOTIQUE (IRISA-D5), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-NE]Computer Science [cs]/Neural and Evolutionary Computing [cs.NE], Image (mathematics), Adversarial system, Deep Learning, [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], Perception, Natural (music), Segmentation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, media_common, Remote sensing, Artificial neural network, business.industry, Deep learning, Generative models, Real image, Adversarial Examples, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, business
Abstract: International audience; Over the last years, Remote Sensing Images (RSI) analysis have started resorting to using deep neural networks to solve most of the commonly faced problems, such as detection, land cover classification or segmentation. As far as critical decision making can be based upon the results of RSI analysis, it is important to clearly identify and understand potential security threats occurring in those machine learning algorithms. Notably, it has recently been found that neural networks are particularly sensitive to carefully designed attacks, generally crafted given the full knowledge of the considered deep network. In this paper, we consider the more realistic but challenging case where one wants to generate such attacks in the case of a black-box neural network. In this case, only the prediction score of the network is accessible, given a specific input. Examples that lure away the network's prediction, while being perceptually similar to real images, are called natural or unrestricted adversarial examples. We present an original method to generate such examples, based on a variant of the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network. We demonstrate its effectiveness on natural adversarial hyper-spectral image generation and image modification for fooling a state-of-the-art detector. Among others, we also conduct a perceptual evaluation with human annotators to better assess the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Published: 2022

37. Cytokine release syndrome and tumor lysis syndrome in a multiple myeloma patient treated with palliative radiotherapy: A case report and review of the literature

Author: Bastien Jamet, Axel Cailleteau, Cyrille Touzeau, Stéphane Supiot, Valentine Guimas, Emmanuel Jouglar, Bernardo, Elizabeth, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER, Regulation of Bcl2 and p53 Networks in Multiple Myeloma and Mantle Cell Lymphoma (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 10), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Site de Recherche Intégrée sur le Cancer - SIRIC « ILIAD » [Nantes], and Apoptosis and Tumor Progression (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 9)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, R895-920, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Case Report, Radiation oncology, Gastroenterology, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Cytokine release syndrome, Multiple myeloma, Total body irradiation, Internal medicine, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Respiratory system, Tumor lysis syndrome, RC254-282, Leukemia, Hematology, Radiotherapy, business.industry, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, Radiation therapy, Oncology, business
Abstract: Highlights • Radiotherapy can trigger cytokine release syndrome and tumor lysis syndrome in association with chemotherapy drugs. • Extreme caution must be given when irradiating large tumor volumes at high risk of tumor lysis. • Evidence of cytokine release following radiotherapy unveils the systemic interactions of radiotherapy with the immune system., We present the case of a 53-year-old woman treated with analgesic radiotherapy for a multiple myeloma bone lesion of the forearm. After a first fraction of 5 Gray (Gy), she presented with an acute respiratory syndrome with fever a few hours after the treatment. The same symptoms occurred after the second fraction 3 days later. The patient recovered quickly thanks to intravenous hydration and suspension of the radiotherapy. Biological tests revealed a tumor lysis syndrome. We concluded that the clinical symptoms could be defined as cytokine release syndrome. This is the second time in the literature that cytokine release syndrome has been described following radiotherapy. First, we synthesize TLS and radiotherapy to determine how radiotherapy could be a trigger associated with other well-known factors. Furthermore, we discuss radiotherapy and cytokine release syndrome. Summary We present the case of a woman treated with analgesic radiotherapy for a multiple myeloma bone lesion. Following the first and the second treatment fraction, the patient presented with an acute respiratory syndrome with fever and biological tests revealed a tumor lysis syndrome. We concluded that the clinical symptoms could be defined as cytokine release syndrome. Furthermore, we discuss how radiotherapy could be a trigger of cytokine release syndrome and tumor lysis syndrome in association with chemotherapy drugs.
Published: 2022

38. Dispiroacridine-indacenobisthiophene positional isomers: impact of the bridge on the physicochemical properties

Author: Bertrand Donnio, Jean-David Peltier, Joëlle Rault-Berthelot, Benoît Heinrich, Nicolas Leclerc, Cyril Poriel, Thomas Heiser, Olzhas A. Ibraikulov, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Institut de chimie et procédés pour l'énergie, l'environnement et la santé (ICPEES), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Region Bretagne Region Bretagne, Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME), CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Commission, Universite de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), GENCI [2021-A0100805032], poriel, cyril, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE)
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, Structural engineering, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Bridge (interpersonal), 0104 chemical sciences, [CHIM] Chemical Sciences, Materials Chemistry, Structural isomer, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: International audience; We report the influence of positional isomerism on the electronic (electrochemical HOMO/LUMO energy levels), photophysical and physical properties (molecular organization, crystallinity and phase transitions) and charge transport properties of dispiroacridine-indacenobisthiophene positional isomers. The isomers differ from the central indacenobisthiophene (IDT) core, which displays either para or meta linkages. We show that the spiro-connected phenylacridine bridges have a significant influence on all these properties and particularly on the charge transport mobility values, which were found to be higher in the meta isomer than in the para isomer. This finding is different to what was reported in the literature for the other couples of IDT-based isomers and shows the key role played by the spiro-connected fragments in these molecular systems.
Published: 2022

39. Elimination versus mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of effective vaccines

Author: Agnes Binagwaho, Viola Priesemann, Gavin Yamey, Ayman El-Mohandes, Miquel Oliu-Barton, Bary S. R. Pradelski, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Michael G Baker, Andreas Peichl, Gregory J. Dore, Arnaud Fontanet, Guntram B. Wolff, Yann Algan, CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision (CEREMADE), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Performance analysis and optimization of LARge Infrastructures and Systems (POLARIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Biologie des ARN de Plasmodium - Plasmodium RNA Biology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), City University of New York [New York] (CUNY), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Ludwig-Maximilians University [Munich] (LMU), Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Esade Centre for Economic Policy [Madrid] (EsadeEcPol), Duke University [Durham], and University of Barcelona
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, COVID-19 Vaccines, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Distribution (economics), Civil liberties, Politics, Viewpoint, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Development economics, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, Disease Eradication, Pandemics, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, Public health, Vaccination, COVID-19, General Medicine, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Business, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology
Abstract: International audience; There is increasing evidence that elimination strategies have resulted in better outcomes for public health, the economy, and civil liberties than have mitigation strategies throughout the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. With vaccines that offer high protection against severe forms of COVID-19, and increasing vaccination coverage, policy makers have had to reassess the trade-offs between different options. The desirability and feasibility of eliminating SARS-CoV-2 compared with other strategies should also be re-evaluated from the perspective of different fields, including epidemiology, public health, and economics. To end the pandemic as soon as possible-be it through elimination or reaching an acceptable endemic level-several key topics have emerged centring around coordination, both locally and internationally, and vaccine distribution. Without coordination it is difficult if not impossible to sustain elimination, which is particularly relevant in highly connected regions, such as Europe. Regarding vaccination, concerns remain with respect to equitable distribution, and the risk of the emergence of new variants of concern. Looking forward, it is crucial to overcome the dichotomy between elimination and mitigation, and to jointly define a long-term objective that can accommodate different political and societal realities.
Published: 2022

40. Reconstruction Error-Based Decomposition Feature Selection for PolSAR Image

Author: Biao Hou, Chen Yang, Xianpeng Guo, Licheng Jiao, Bo Ren, Jocelyn Chanussot, Shuang Wang, Xidian University, GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Data models, Synthetic aperture radar, Feature selection, Pattern recognition, Image (mathematics), Scattering, Reconstruction error, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Task analysis, Image reconstruction, Decomposition (computer science), Feature extraction, Training, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: International audience; Target decomposition features are the cornerstone of subsequent analyses for PolSAR images. Generally, adopting single or several decomposition algorithms limits the representation ability for original terrain characteristics. Using all the existing decomposition features, however, will definitely increase computational complexity. Besides, some features even have a negative effect on the following tasks. To address these problems, a sparse variational autoencoder feature selection framework (SVAE-FS) is proposed in this article. In detail, the encoder transforms the original feature set into latent space and then decoder reconstructs the corresponding pseudo set on this latent space. Similarly, a pseudo subset is subsequently obtained by the SVAE. The discrepancy, namely reconstruction error, between the pseudo set and the pseudo subset is taken as an evaluation criterion which reflects the feature representation ability of pseudo subset. Sparse constraint in the encoder makes the representative features stand out. Meanwhile, the linear feature transformation layer of the encoder enables the SVAE to evaluate different scale subsets without repeated training. Finally, a greedy selection approach with search scale K is proposed to find the suboptimal subset. This procedure not only reduces time consumption, but also ensures the performance of the subset. The selected features are analyzed on four real PolSAR datasets according to the terrain scattering characteristics. Furthermore, these features have achieved competitive performance on three PolSAR image tasks.
Published: 2022

41. Convolutional Neural Networks for Multimodal Remote Sensing Data Classification

Author: Jocelyn Chanussot, Danfeng Hong, Xin Wu, Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: Synthetic aperture radar, Hyperspectral imaging, business.industry, Computer science, Deep learning, Data classification, Network architecture, Ranging, Convolutional neural network, Laser radar, Lidar, Modal, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Task analysis, Feature extraction, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Convolutional neural networks, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Remote sensing
Abstract: International audience; In recent years, enormous research has been made to improve the classification performance of single-modal remote sensing (RS) data. However, with the ever-growing availability of RS data acquired from satellite or airborne platforms, simultaneous processing and analysis of multimodal RS data pose a new challenge to researchers in the RS community. To this end, we propose a deep-learning-based new framework for multimodal RS data classification, where convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are taken as a backbone with an advanced cross-channel reconstruction module, called CCR-Net. As the name suggests, CCR-Net learns more compact fusion representations of different RS data sources by the means of the reconstruction strategy across modalities that can mutually exchange information in a more effective way. Extensive experiments conducted on two multimodal RS datasets, including hyperspectral (HS) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, i.e., the Houston2013 dataset, and HS and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data, i.e., the Berlin dataset, demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed CCR-Net in comparison with several state-of-the-art multimodal RS data classification methods. The codes will be openly and freely available at https://github.com/danfenghong/IEEE_TGRS_CCR-Net for the sake of reproducibility.
Published: 2022

42. CyCU-Net: Cycle-Consistency Unmixing Network by Learning Cascaded Autoencoders

Author: Jocelyn Chanussot, Zhu Han, Lianru Gao, Danfeng Hong, Bing Zhang, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), German Aerospace Center (DLR), GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: remote sensing (RS), business.industry, Computer science, Deep learning, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Process (computing), Hyperspectral imaging, Pattern recognition, 02 engineering and technology, cycle consistency, Net (mathematics), Autoencoder, Cascaded autoencoders (AEs), hyperspectral unmixing (HU), Term (time), self-perception, Consistency (database systems), deep learning (DL), [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Curve fitting, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering
Abstract: International audience; In recent years, deep learning (DL) has attracted increasing attention in hyperspectral unmixing (HU) applications due to its powerful learning and data fitting ability. The autoencoder (AE) framework, as an unmixing baseline network, achieves good performance in HU by automatically learning low-dimensional embeddings and reconstructing data. Nevertheless, the conventional AE-based architecture, which focuses more on the pixel-level reconstruction loss, tends to lose some significant detailed information of certain materials (e.g., material-related properties) in the reconstruction process. Therefore, inspired by the perception mechanism, we propose a cycle-consistency unmixing network, called CyCU-Net, by learning two cascaded AEs in an end-to-end fashion, to enhance the unmixing performance more effectively. CyCU-Net is capable of reducing the detailed and material-related information loss in the process of reconstruction by relaxing the original pixel-level reconstruction assumption to cycle consistency dominated by the cascaded AEs. More specifically, cycle consistency can be achieved by a newly proposed self-perception loss, which consists of two spectral reconstruction terms and one abundance reconstruction term. By taking advantage of the self-perception loss in the network, the high-level semantic information can be well preserved in the unmixing process. Moreover, we investigate the performance gain of CyCU-Net with extensive ablation studies. Experimental results on one synthetic and three real hyperspectral data sets demonstrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of the proposed CyCU-Net in comparison with several state-of-the-art unmixing algorithms.
Published: 2022

43. Two‐dimensional photonic metasurfaces for slow light‐controlled photocatalysis

Author: Yves Jourlin, Chantal Guillard, Matthieu Bugnet, Thomas Dursap, Said El-Jallal, Emmanuel Drouard, Jean-Marc Chovelon, Brice Devif, Céline Chevalier, Jérôme Capitolis, Solène Brottet, Corinne Ferronato, Marwa Hamandi, Gilles Berhault, Jose Penuelas, Stéphanie Reynaud, N. Crespo-Monteiro, Jean-Louis Leclercq, Christian Seassal, Eric Puzenat, Hai Son Nguyen, Marion Hochedel, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École supérieure de Chimie Physique Electronique de Lyon (CPE), Institut de recherches sur la catalyse et l'environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)
Subjects: Materials science, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, Slow light, depollution, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, TiO2, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Photonic crystal, [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, metasurface, Photocatalysis, TA401-492, Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business, TiO 2, photocatalysis, photonic crystal
Abstract: International audience; Photocatalysis using semiconductor materials like titania (TiO 2) is a key method for environmental purification or solar fuel generation. Nanostructures that maximize incident light absorption are highly desired to enhance depollution rate or solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency in limited volumes of catalysts. Here, we report on structural and optical properties of metasurfaces based on a 20 nm thick anatase layer conformally deposited onto a wavelength-scale two-dimensional periodic photonic lattice. We investigate the NO degradation using such metasurfaces, and evaluate the impact of the patterning on photocatalytic activities between 340 and 400 nm. In the 380-385 nm range, the mean photochemical efficiency is increased by a factor up to 5.7 compared to flat references, with an overall threefold enhancement within the whole spectral range of interest. This approach can be applied to numerous types of systems by varying active materials, leading to substantial improvements in air/water depollution, water splitting or artificial photosynthesis processes.
Published: 2022

44. Role of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles and their interactions in COVID‐19‐associated thrombopathy

Author: Laurence Jesel, Julie Favre, Antonin Trimaille, Antoine Caillon, Olivier Morel, Gilles Kauffenstein, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg (CRBS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nanomédecine Régénérative (NanoRegMed), Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Biomatériaux et Bioingénierie (BB), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: Blood Platelets, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Neutrophils, Review Article, Extracellular Traps, Extracellular vesicles, Extracellular Vesicles, Immune system, COVID‐19, Humans, Medicine, Platelet, Platelet activation, therapeutic strategy, Review Articles, Pandemics, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Innate immune system, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, covid 19, COVID-19, Thrombosis, Hematology, Neutrophil extracellular traps, Purinergic signalling, platelets, Immunology, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic extended all around the world causing millions of deaths. In addition to acute respiratory distress syndrome, many patients with severe COVID‐19 develop thromboembolic complications associated to multiorgan failure and death. Here, we review evidence for the contribution of neutrophils, platelets, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) to the thromboinflammatory process in COVID‐19. We discuss how the immune system, influenced by pro‐inflammatory molecules, EVs, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), can be caught out in patients with severe outcomes. We highlight how the deficient regulation of the innate immune system favors platelet activation and induces a vicious cycle amplifying an immunothrombogenic environment associated with platelet/NET interactions. In light of these considerations, we discuss potential therapeutic strategies underlining the modulation of purinergic signaling as an interesting target.
Published: 2022

45. Bayesian Unmixing of Hyperspectral Image Sequence With Composite Priors for Abundance and Endmember Variability

Author: Qian Du, Jocelyn Chanussot, Hongyi Liu, Zhihui Wei, Zebin Wu, Youkang Lu, Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )
Subjects: Endmember, Hyperspectral imaging, Posterior probability, Bayesian probability, Principal component analysis, Statistics::Machine Learning, symbols.namesake, Image sequences, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Abundance (ecology), Prior probability, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Lighting, Mathematics, business.industry, Markov processes, Monte Carlo methods, Pattern recognition, Markov chain Monte Carlo, Bayes methods, Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, symbols, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Likelihood function, business
Abstract: International audience; A hyperspectral image sequence can be obtained at different time in the same region from a hyperspectral sensor. The environmental change usually leads to variation in endmember reflectance, which has an important influence on unmixing process. In this article, a Bayesian unmixing model considering spectral variability for hyperspectral sequence is proposed, in which composite prior distributions of abundance and endmember variability are developed. The abundance priors consider the continuity of abundance in the temporal and spatial domains, simultaneously. Specifically, in the spatial domain, a data-adaptive variance of the abundance prior distribution is put forward based on local spatial difference. Moreover, the priors of endmember variability in temporal continuity and spectral smoothness are also exploited. Finally, a joint posterior distribution is obtained by the likelihood function and the parameter prior distributions, which can be calculated by the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. Experiments on synthetic and real data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of abundance, endmember, and its variability estimation accuracy.
Published: 2022

46. Robust Gust Load Alleviation of Flexible Aircraft Equipped with Lidar

Author: Robin Vernay, Minh Tu Pham, Paolo Massioni, Laurent Bako, Michele Colombo, Hugo Fournier, Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Ampère, Département Automatique pour l'Ingénierie des Systèmes (AIS), Ampère (AMPERE), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, Computer science, Aerospace Engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 010305 fluids & plasmas, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Aerospace engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Wing, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Work (physics), Flight control surfaces, Aerodynamic force, Model predictive control, Lidar, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Space and Planetary Science, Control and Systems Engineering, Actuator, business
Abstract: This work concerns the problem of gust load alleviation of a flexible aircraft by focusing on Airbus’s XRF1 aircraft concept, with a fully actuated wing. The aircraft is equipped with a lidar senso...
Published: 2022

47. Human hair testing for selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs): Current knowledge and limitations

Author: Alice Ameline, Jean-Sébastien Raul, Pascal Kintz, Laurie Gheddar, Laboratoire de pharmacologie et de toxicologie neurocardiovasculaire (LPTNC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Drug, Urinalysis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, media_common.quotation_subject, Toxicology, Bioinformatics, Anabolic Agents, Androgen receptor, Nandrolone, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Medicine, business, Andarine, Stanozolol, Testosterone, medicine.drug, media_common
Abstract: Summary Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are a class of drugs presenting identical anabolic properties to usual anabolic steroids (testosterone, stanozolol, nandrolone…) in addition to marked reduced androgenic effects. These drugs have emerged in the doping area within the early 2000s. Ligandrol, ostarine, RAD-140 and andarine are the most popular agents belonging to this class. According to the world anti-doping agency (WADA) prohibited list, SARMs are prohibited at all times (i.e. in and out-of-competition) and are listed under the section S1.2 (other anabolic agents), a section that also contains clenbuterol. The compilation of the WADA testing figures reports from 2015 to 2019 has indicated a regular increase of adverse analytical findings (AAF) due to SARMs, particularly with ostarine and ligandrol. The implementation of highly sensitive chromatographic anti-doping analyses has induced high-profile challenges of anti-doping rules violations as athletes have claimed in numerous occasions that contamination was the reason for their AAF. As a result, hair tests were presented in order to establish the circumstances of these AAF. In case of an adverse analytical finding, hair testing can be a complement to document the claim of the athlete but of course, the result should not be considered as an alternative to urinalysis. This is because a negative hair result cannot exclude the use of the detected drug and cannot overrule the urine result. A review of the scientific literature, using the key words “SARMs” and “hair” has indicated that only 7 papers were published on this topic, including 3 dealing with equine hair. Although literature seems very limited, there is an increasing request for hair tests, which as prompted our laboratory to develop screening methods. Drugs are extracted from hair after decontamination under mild alkaline condition and submitted to LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS assays. In this review, several original cases are provided, and the challenges of interpreting these findings are highlighted in light of the lack of controlled studies in the literature.
Published: 2022

48. What underlies the observed hospital volume-outcome relationship?

Author: Isabelle Ray-Coquard, Lionel Perrier, Xavier Joutard, Marius Huguet, Centre Ingénierie Santé, Saint-Étienne (CIS - MINES), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Laboratoire d'Economie et de Sociologie du Travail (LEST), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) (OFCE), Sciences Po (Sciences Po), Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon - Saint-Etienne (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail (LEST), Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (OFCE), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Tumor resection, Volume-outcome causal effect, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Outcome (game theory), Proxy (climate), JEL: I - Health, Education, and Welfare/I.I1 - Health/I.I1.I18 - Government Policy • Regulation • Public Health, Hospital volume, Net income, medicine, Humans, C36, C31, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ovarian Neoplasms, Care pathway, Learning effect, I18, I11, business.industry, Research, Health Policy, L11, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health services research, Epithelial ovarian cancer, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Hospitals, JEL: L - Industrial Organization/L.L1 - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance/L.L1.L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure • Size Distribution of Firms, Instrumental variable, Organization of care, JEL: C - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods/C.C3 - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models • Multiple Variables/C.C3.C31 - Cross-Sectional Models • Spatial Models • Treatment Effect Models • Quantile Regressions • Social Interaction Models, JEL: I - Health, Education, and Welfare/I.I1 - Health/I.I1.I11 - Analysis of Health Care Markets, Epithelial ovarian carcinoma, Treatment modality, Emergency medicine, Income, Volume outcome relationship, Centralization of care, Treatment decision making, France, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Volume (compression)
Abstract: Background Studies of the hospital volume-outcome relationship have highlighted that a greater volume activity improves patient outcomes. While this finding has been known for years, most studies to date have failed to delve into what underlies this relationship. Objective This study aimed to shed light on the basis of the hospital volume effect on patient outcomes by comparing treatment modalities for epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients. Data An exhaustive dataset of 355 patients in first-line treatment for Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma (EOC) in 2012 in three regions of France was used. These regions account for 15% of the metropolitan French population. Methods In the presence of endogeneity induced by a reverse causality between hospital volume and patient outcomes, we used an instrumental variable approach. Hospital volume of activity was instrumented by the distance from patients’ homes to their hospital, the population density, and the median net income of patient municipalities. Results Based on our parameter estimates, we found that the rate of complete tumor resection would increase by 15.5 percentage points with centralized care, and by 8.3 percentage points if treatment decisions were coordinated by high-volume centers compared to decentralized care. Conclusion As volume alone is an imperfect correlate of quality, policy-makers need to know what volume is a proxy for in order to devise volume-based policies.
Published: 2022

49. ArbRPN: A Bidirectional Recurrent Pansharpening Network for Multispectral Images With Arbitrary Numbers of Bands

Author: Xiaomin Yang, Zhibing Lai, Gemine Vivone, Gwanggil Jeon, Jocelyn Chanussot, Lihui Chen, Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis of the National Research Council (IMAA), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Incheon National University, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), GIPSA - Signal Images Physique (GIPSA-SIGMAPHY), GIPSA Pôle Sciences des Données (GIPSA-PSD), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Apprentissage de modèles à partir de données massives (Thoth), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and ANR-19-P3IA-0003,MIAI,MIAI @ Grenoble Alpes(2019)
Subjects: business.industry, Computer science, Multispectral image, pansharpening, Pattern recognition, multispec- tral (MS) images, image fusion, remote sensing, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Deep learning (DL), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Artificial intelligence, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business
Abstract: International audience; Although the performance of pansharpening has been significantly improved by advanced deep-learning (DL) technologies in recent years, most DL-based methods fail to process multispectral (MS) images with arbitrary numbers of bands by a single model. Consequently, it is inevitable to train separate models for MS images with different numbers of bands, which is time- and storage-consuming as well as inefficient in practice. To tackle the above problem, we propose a bidirectional recurrent pansharpening network (named ArbRPN) for MS images with arbitrary numbers of bands. Our ArbRPN can dynamically reconstruct high-resolution (HR) MS images with different numbers of bands by adaptively changing the number of recurrence to the number of bands of the low-resolution (LR) MS images. Leveraging on the ability of the ArbRPN to process MS images with any number of bands, one can even customize the bands to be pansharpened. Moreover, to achieve superior performance, spectral discrepancy and dependence are considered in the ArbRPN. Details from the panchromatic (PAN) image are adaptively injected into the fused product according to the captured spectral dependence. Furthermore, training strategies of existing DL-based pansharpening methods can only group MS images with a constant number of bands into mini-batches. Therefore, we present a mask-based training method (called mask-training) to solve this problem. Benefiting from the mask-training, our ArbRPN can achieve superior performance and robustness during pansharpening. Extensive experiments show the superior performance of our ArbRPN with respect to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods applied to MS images with different numbers of bands. The code of our ArbRPN is available on https://github.com/Lihui-Chen/ArbRPN.git.
Published: 2022

50. Controlling the interfacial reactions and environment of rare-earth ions in thin oxide films towards wafer-scalable quantum technologies

Author: Philippe Goldner, Christophe Labbé, Alexandre Tallaire, Philippe Marcus, Alban Ferrier, Nao Harada, Antoine Seyeux, Diana Serrano, Xavier Portier, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris (IRCP), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU), Nanomatériaux, Ions et Métamatériaux pour la Photonique (NIMPH), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: Materials science, Silicon, rare earth, thin film, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-COMP-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Computational Physics [physics.comp-ph], Condensed Matter::Materials Science, chemistry.chemical_compound, Laser linewidth, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Wafer, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Thin film, 010306 general physics, quantum technologies, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics], business.industry, square, Doping, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, chemistry, Chemistry (miscellaneous), [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Optoelectronics, Photonics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract: Rare earth (RE) doped oxides have demonstrated great potential for photonic applications and have also appeared as promising candidates for quantum memory devices and microwave to optical transducers. Here, we investigate the potential of Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) europium-doped Y2O3thin films on silicon as a new platform for integrated quantum devices. We aim at improving the optical properties of such thin films by carefully controlling the RE ion's environment. In particular, we study the effect of annealing post treatments and demonstrate that a significant source of broadening of the optical transition arises from interfacial reactions with the silicon substrate. We thus propose to encapsulate RE ions between undoped high-quality thick layers in order to limit the impact of interfacial reactions on their properties during thermal annealing. Using this approach, we succeeded in measuring a narrow inhomogeneous linewidth of 18 GHz and an ultra-narrow homogeneous linewidth of 5 MHz inferred from spectral hole width. These results are promising towards the use of these engineered RE doped thin films for the development of a scalable nanostructured spin-photon interface. In addition, our strategy could be applied to a large variety of oxide films for a broad range of applications. Paper published in Materials Advances.
Published: 2022

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