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Background Green tea is a popular beverage worldwide and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most bioactive polyphenol in green tea. Our study aims to investigate the anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of EGCG against colorectal-cancer SW480, SW620, and LS411N cells, and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Methods The in vitro anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of EGCG against colon-cancer cells were evaluated using MTT, scratch-wound-healing, and transwell-migration assays. The effects of EGCG on apoptosis were assessed by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining and JC-1 staining. Besides, Western blotting was employed to detect the protein-expression level and elucidate the underlying pathways. Real-time qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were adopted to determine the mRNA level and promoter activity. Results Our results demonstrated that treatment with EGCG resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation by the induction of apoptosis. EGCG also inhibited SW480 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner as assessed by wound-healing and transwell-migration assays. Western blot confirmed that EGCG induced apoptosis by the activation of Caspase-3 and PARP. In addition, both STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) were downregulated significantly by EGCG in three selected colorectal-cancer cell lines. EGCG treatment also resulted in a significant decrease in Bcl-2, MCL-1, and Vimentin, and an increase in E-cadherin. When STAT3 was inhibited, EGCG showed no obvious effect on cell proliferation and migration. Further investigation by luciferase-reporter-activity assay showed that EGCG suppressed the promoter activity of STAT3 and downregulated the transcription of STAT3. Conclusion Our study presents evidence on the anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of EGCG against colorectal-cancer SW480, SW620, and LS411N cells by downregulating the expression of STAT3 and suggests that EGCG could be an effective and natural supplement for colon-cancer treatment.

In recent years, the research of immune checkpoint inhibitors has made a great breakthrough in lung cancer treatment. Currently, a variety of immune checkpoint inhibitors have been applied into clinical practice, including antibodies targeting the programmed cell death-1, programmed cell death-ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, and so on. However, not all patients can benefit from the treatment. Abnormal antigen presentation, functional gene mutation, tumor microenvironment, and other factors can lead to primary or secondary resistance. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance and various combination strategies to overcome resistance, in order to expand the beneficial population and enable precision medicine.

LEAF is a heavy ion experimental facility with low energy, high intensity and high charge state. It belongs to the strong current linear accelerator, and its maximum beam power can reach 10 kW. High-power beams can pose a great risk of damaging field devices in continuous beam mode due to high-power beam bombardment. In order to ensure the safe operation of field devices and key equipment, an interlocking control system for LEAF is designed by using the control board of FPGA and PLC controller. The FPGA-based interlock system mainly implements the real-time monitoring of the arc fault signals from the RFQ cavity, a few fast fault signals from LLRF system and beam diagnostic system. When a valid fault signal is detected, the system will send its protection instruction to the chopper power supply to cut off the beam rapidly. The PLC-based interlock system mainly handles the fault state detection and safety operation of field devices with a slower protective action, and the action time is in a millisecond range. The protective action time of the FPGA interlock system has been achieved within 10 µs. This system adopts two sets of control and protection logic, which are implemented in the control board of FPGA and the PLC controller. It can ensure the safety of the core devices through the double-redundant beam-cutting actions if the key equipment fails or the beam parameters are abnormal. The complete system has a simple structure. The redundant technique is used in the design of the control protection logic and data transmission path. This provides a reliable safety measure for beam commissioning and physical experiment of the LEAF facility.

Objective: The striatum is unevenly impaired bilaterally in Parkinson's disease (PD). Because the striatum plays a key role in cortico-striatal circuits, we assume that lateralization affects cortico-striatal functional connectivity in PD. The present study sought to evaluate the effect of lateralization on various cortico-striatal circuits through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Methods: Thirty left-onset Parkinson's disease (LPD) patients, 27 right-onset Parkinson's disease (RPD) patients, and 32 normal controls with satisfactory data were recruited. Their demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological information was collected. Resting-state fMRI was performed, and functional connectivity changes of seven subdivisions of the striatum were explored in the two PD groups. In addition, the associations between altered functional connectivity and various clinical and neuropsychological characteristics were analyzed by Pearson's or Spearman's correlation.Results: Directly comparing the LPD and RPD patients demonstrated that the LPD patients had lower FC between the left dorsal rostral putamen and the left orbitofrontal cortex than the RPD patients. In addition, the LPD patients showed aberrant functional connectivity involving several striatal subdivisions in the right hemisphere. The right dorsal caudate, ventral rostral putamen, and superior ventral striatum had decreased functional connectivity with the cerebellum and parietal and occipital lobes relative to the normal control group. The comparison between RPD patients and the controls did not obtain significant difference in functional connectivity. The functional connectivity between the left dorsal rostral putamen and the left orbitofrontal cortex was associated with contralateral motor symptom severity in PD patients.Conclusions: Our findings provide new insights into the distinct characteristics of cortico-striatal circuits in LPD and RPD patients. Lateralization of motor symptoms is associated with lateralized striatal functional connectivity.

Background and Aims. Magnifying chromoendoscopy (ME-CE) through the observation of pit patterns is a productive way to distinguish between neoplastic and nonneoplastic polyps. Magnifying optical enhancement technology (ME-OE) is an emerging virtual chromoendoscopy imaging technology and appeared to be a promising approach. However, this information is currently not available. This study is aimed at comparing the differential diagnostic value of ME-CE and OE for neoplastic and nonneoplastic polyps. Patients and Methods. Consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy were randomized (1 : 1) into examination by ME-OE or ME-CE. Histopathological findings were utilized as the reference standard. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of two endoscopy methods were compared using ME-OE (were classified according to the JNET classification) and ME-CE (were classified according to the Kudo pit pattern classification), respectively, and the time to predict the histological polyp type was compared. And the agreements between the pathological and clinical diagnosis by ME-OE or ME-CE were analyzed. Results. A total of 365 polyps were found in the 220 patients included (ME-OE: 185; ME-CE: 180.202 had nonneoplastic polyps, 163 had neoplastic polyps). The diagnostic accuracy of ME-OE was higher than that of ME-CE (93% vs. 92%, p > 0.05 ). The average diagnosis time was lower in ME-OE than ME-CE ( 83 ± 26.4 s vs. 194 ± 17.7 s , p < 0.001 ). The agreements between the pathological and clinical diagnosis were at least substantial in both groups. Conclusion. ME-OE was superlative to ME-CE in predicting the histology of polyps. OE devoted classification would possibly similarly enhance the endoscopist performance. The trial is registered with ChiCT2000032075.

Somatic mutations of STK11 or KEAP1 are associated with poor clinical outcomes for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chemotherapy, or targeted therapy. Which treatment regimens work better for STK11 or KEAP1 mutated (SKmut) aNSCLC patients is unknown. In this study, the efficacy of atezolizumab versus docetaxel in SKmut aNSCLC was compared. A total of 157 SKmut aNSCLC patients were identified from POPLAR and OAK trials, who were tested by blood-based FoundationOne next-generation sequencing assay. Detailed clinical data and genetic alterations were collected. Two independent cohorts were used for biomarker validation (n = 30 and 20, respectively). Median overall survival was 7.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8 to 9.9) in the atezolizumab group versus 5.8 months (95% CI, 4.4 to 7.2) in the docetaxel group (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for death, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.99; P = .042). Among atezolizumab-treated patients, objective response rate, disease control rate, and durable clinical benefit were higher when blood tumor mutation burden (bTMB) and PD-L1 being higher (biomarker 1, n = 61) or with FAT3 mutation-positive tumors (biomarker 2, n = 83) than otherwise. The interactions for survival between these two biomarkers and treatments were significant, which were further validated in two independent cohorts. In SKmut patients with aNSCLC, atezolizumab was associated with significantly longer overall survival in comparison to docetaxel. Having FAT3 mutation or high TMB and PD-L1 expression potentially predict favorable response in SKmut patients receiving atezolizumab.

Objective: Motor asymmetry is characteristic in Parkinson disease (PD). This phenomenon is originated from uneven degeneration of bilateral substantia nigra. However, this asymmetry may not restrict to substantia nigra or striatum. We aimed to determine the effect of asymmetry on spontaneous brain activity across the whole brain. Methods: We consecutively recruited 71 patients with PD, as well as 35 healthy controls, and collected relevant demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological information. The PD patients were divided into two groups according to the side of motor symptom onset. All the participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, and spontaneous brain activity was assessed using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF). The associations between areas showing significant group differences and various clinical and neuropsychological measures were analyzed. Results: Finally, the data of 30 PD patients with left-onset (LPD), 27 PD patients with right-onset (RPD), and 32 healthy controls were obtained. The three groups had similar age and gender ratios. Our results demonstrated that LPD patients had increased ALFF in the left inferior temporal gyrus and decreased ALFF in bilateral thalamus and cerebellum anterior lobes than the control group. The value of ALFF of the left inferior temporal gyrus was correlated with motor function, and ALFF value of the thalamus was associated with cognition. Comparisons between LPD and RPD patients and between RPD patients and the controls did not yield significant difference. Conclusions: The present study provides new insights into the distinct characteristics of spontaneous brain activity in LPD, which may be associated with motor and cognitive function.

Background Yan Hou Qing (YHQ) is a Chinese medicinal formula designed to alleviate sore throat symptoms, but underlying mechanism of YHQ treatment for pharyngitis is poorly defined up to now. Methods In this study, the modulation of YHQ on pharyngitis is investigated in ammonia-induced acute pharyngitis rat models. After treatment with YHQ or dexamethasone respectively for five consecutive days, all rats were sacrificed for biomolecular and histopathologic study. Protein expressions of MAPKs, NF-κB, COX-2 and 5-LOX in pharyngitis tissue were evaluated by western blot analysis and the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, prostaglandin (PG) E2, leukotrienes (LT)-B4 and LT-D4 in pharyngeal tissue were measured via ELISA assay. Evans blue (EB) dye exudation test was performed parallelly to assess the integrity of pharyngeal tissue. Results Compared with normal control group, EB dye exudation, and inflammatory cytokines in the model group were significantly increased, and the pharynx tissue was obviously infiltrated by inflammatory cells. YHQ treatment improved the inflammatory infiltrate in pharyngeal tissue, and reduced EB dye exudation in AP rat models. The up-regulated TNF-α and IL-6 in pharyngeal tissue of AP were significantly reduced by YHQ through inhibition of phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB. YHQ treatment also reversed the increased level of PGE2 through down-regulation of COX-2. Conclusions YHQ formula attenuated the pharyngitis related symptoms via suppression of COX-2 and phosphorylation of p38, Erk and NF-κB (p65).

Objective To develop a risk predictor model in evaluation of tomosynthesis-detected architectural distortion (AD) based on characteristics of contrast-enhanced digital mammography (CEDM). Methods Ninety-four AD lesions on CEDM in combination with tomosynthesis were retrospectively reviewed from 92 consecutive women (mean age, 52.4 years ± 7.9) with abnormal diagnostic or screening mammography. CEDM results were correlated with histology of ADs using cross-tabulation for statistical analysis. Predictors for risk of malignancy from CEDM characteristics (background parenchyma enhancement, degree of AD enhancement, enhancing morphology, size of enhancement, and enhancing spiculations) and patient’s age were evaluated using logistic regression. We propose a sum score, termed AD score (ADS), for risk stratification and corresponding suggested BI-RADS category. Results Thirty-three of ninety-four (35.1%) of detected AD lesions were malignant. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of CEDM in evaluation of malignant AD are 100%, 42.6%, 48.5%, and 100%, respectively. Absence of AD enhancement on CEDM is highly indicative of no underlying malignancy. On multivariate analysis, the predictors on CEDM with statistical significance are (1) marked intensity of AD enhancement (OR, 22.6; 95%CI 3.1, 166.6; p = .002); and (2) presence of enhancing spiculations (OR, 9.1; 95%CI 2.2, 36.5; p = .002). A prediction model whose scores (ADS) given by ranking of OR of all predictors with AUC of 0.934 and Brier score of 0.0956 was developed. Conclusion ADS-based lesion characterization on CEDM enables risk assessment of tomosynthesis-detected AD lesions. Key Points • Architecture distortions presenting with marked enhancement intensity and presence of enhancing spiculations are highly associated with risk of malignancy. • Absence of architecture distortion enhancement in minimal or mild background parenchyma enhancement on CEDM indicates low risk of breast malignancy (NPV = 100%).

PurposeTo evaluate the kinetic patterns of benign and malignant breast lesions using contrast-enhanced digital mammogram (CEDM).MethodsWomen with suspicious breast lesions on mammography or ultrasound were enrolled. Single-view mediolateral oblique (MLO) CEDM of an affected breast was acquired at 2, 3, 4, 7, and 10 min after injection of contrast agent. Three readers visually and semi-quantitatively analyzed the enhancement of suspicious lesions. The kinetic pattern of each lesion was classified as persistent, plateau, or washout over two time intervals, 2-4 min and 2-10 min, by comparing the signal intensity at the first time interval with that at the second.ResultsThere were 73 malignant and 75 benign lesions in 148 patients (mean age: 52 years). Benign and malignant breast lesions showed the highest signal intensity at 3 min and 2 min, respectively. Average areas under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for diagnostic accuracy based on lesion enhancement at different time points were 0.73 at 2 min, 0.72 at 3 min, 0.69 at 4 min, 0.67 at 7 min, and 0.64 at 10 min. Diagnostic performance was significantly better at 2, 3, and 4 min than at 7 and 10 min (all p < 0.05). A washout kinetic pattern was significantly associated with malignant lesions at 2-4 min and 2-10 min frames according to two of the three readers' interpretations (all p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionApplications of optimal time intervals and kinetic patterns show promise in differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions on CEDM.

Flecainide acetate is a Vaughan-Williams class IC antiarrhythmic drug prescribed for the treatment of supraventricular arrhythmias. It has a narrow therapeutic index and proarrhythmic effects even at therapeutic doses. Flecainide is metabolized by a CYP2D6 enzyme that exhibits polymorphism. In this case report, we present, to our best knowledge, the first case of toxicity contributed by genetic polymorphism in an infant. Our patient with recurrent supraventricular tachycardia was treated with a therapeutic dose of flecainide but developed heart block requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support and subsequent treatment with lipid emulsion therapy. He was found to have supratherapeutic serum flecainide concentration, and gene testing revealed the patient to be an intermediate metabolizer. With this case report, we reinforce the importance of evaluating the CYP2D6 genotype before drug initiation in the neonatal population and recommend regular monitoring of serum flecainide levels and electrocardiograms in these patients.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease that requires more convenient, safe and effective antigen-specific immunotherapies. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of intranasal administration of a eukaryotic expression vector co-expressing Der p2 and A20 protein (pVAX1-Der p2-A20) on mice with allergic rhinitis. The pVAX1-Der p2-A20 vaccine was prepared and encapsulated into poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles. An allergic rhinitis Balb/c mouse model was established through intraperitoneal sensitization with recombinant Der p2 and cholera toxin followed by intranasal challenge with recombinant Der p2. The treatment effect of the DNA vaccine on nasal allergic inflammation was evaluated, and serum IgE, sIgE, IgG and cytokine levels were determined by ELISA. The percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs in the spleen was detected by flow cytometry. The DNA vaccine co-expressing Der p2 and A20 was successfully constructed and encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles. Der p2-A20 DNA vaccine intranasal administration markedly ameliorated Der p2-induced nasal allergic inflammation. The serum Der p2-specific IgE, IL-4 and IL-13 expression levels were inhibited, while the Der p2-specific IgG1, IgG2a and IFN-γ expression levels in the serum and splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg population were significantly increased after Der p2-A20 DNA vaccine treatment. These results indicated that the Der p2-A20 DNA vaccine alleviates nasal allergic inflammation and promotes splenic Treg population in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Background Severe malignant airway obstruction (SMAO) is a life-threatening form of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Objectives To determine the efficacy and safety of para -toluenesulfonamide (PTS) intratumoral injection in NSCLC-SMAO. Methods Ninety patients with NSCLC-SAO received repeated courses of PTS intratumoral injection until tumor sizes had reduced by 50% or greater. Primary endpoint was objective alleviation rate, assessed by chest computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy, at day 7 and 30 following final dosing. Secondary endpoints included airway obstruction, spirometry, quality-of-life and survival time. Results In full-analysis set ( N =88), using RECIST criteria, PTS treatment resulted in a significant objective alleviation rate [chest CT: 59.1% (95%CI: 48.1%–69.5%), bronchoscopy: 48.9% (95%CI: 38.1%–59.8%) at day 7; chest CT: 43.2% (95%CI: 32.7%–54.2%), bronchoscopy: 29.6% (95%CI: 20.3%–40.2%) at day 30]. There was a remarkable increase in FVC (mean difference: 0.35 liters, 95%CI: 0.16–0.53 liters), FEV 1 (mean difference: 0.27 liters, 95%CI: 0.07–0.48 liters), Baseline Dyspnea Index (mean difference: 64.8%, 95%CI: 53.9–74.7%) and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung Cancer Subscale (mean difference: 6·9, 95%CI: 3.8-9.9) at day 7 post-treatment. We noted significantly reduced prevalence of atelectasis (by 42.9%) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group physical performance scale (mean difference: 7.2, 95%CI: 3.9–10.5). Median survival time was 394 days in full-analysis set and 460 days in per-protocol set. Adverse events were reported in 64.0% of subjects. Seven severe adverse events (7.9%) were reported, of which three led to death (drug-related in one case). Conclusion PTS intratumoral injection is effective and well tolerated for palliative therapy of NSCLC-SMAO.

SummaryObjective Although menstrual cycle length is one of the main concerns of women and may have important health consequences, little is known about its predictors. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of menstrual cycle length variability in healthy women. Design Prospective cross-sectional study. Patients Two hundred healthy women aged 21–45. Measurements A questionnaire was administered to determine lifestyle factors. Ovarian parameters, metabolic parameters, pituitary hormones, sex steroids and antimullerian hormone (AMH) were measured. Results Women with long (≥35 days) and normal (25–34 days) menstrual cycles had >5-fold and >2-fold higher serum AMH levels, respectively, compared to those with short cycles (

The notable clinical success of cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade suggests that it is likely to form the foundation of curative therapy for many malignancies. However, checkpoint blockades do not achieve sustained clinical response in most patients and thus amounts of problems needed to be figured out. Regarding these challenges, the 2017 Chinese Lung Cancer Summit expert panel organized a forum on the 14th Chinese Lung Cancer Summit to formally discuss these controversies. Five consensuses finally were reached to guide the application of checkpoint blockades.

Ethnopharmacological relevance Yan-Hou-Qing (YHQ), a Chinese medicine formula containing fourteen kinds of materials, has been designed for pharyngitis and cough treatment in Oriental medicine. In the present study, the anti-allergic effects and underlying mechanisms of YHQ in inhibition of airway hyper responsiveness (AHR) was explored in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma mouse model. Materials and methods BALB/c mice were sensitized by OVA and cholera toxin (CT) and challenged with OVA intranasally to induce allergic asthma mouse model. YHQ (200 mg/kg) was orally administered for 3 weeks from week-2 after OVA sensitization. The AHR and histological changes of lung tissues were evaluated by whole-body barometric plethysmography analysis and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, respectively. The serum concentration of OVA-specific IgE and T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines (IL-4 and IL-13) were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry was performed to evaluate the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) in the spleen. Results The elevated AHR responses, heavier inflammatory cell infiltration and Th2 cytokines in allergic asthma group indicated Ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mouse models were built successfully. Compared to allergic asthma group, OVA-induced AHR responses and eosinophil infiltration in lung were improved significantly, and the productions of OVA-specific IgE and Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, in the serum were also reduced dramatically after the treatment of YHQ. Moreover, YHQ treatment significantly increased the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg in OVA-induced allergic asthma mouse model. Conclusions YHQ improves the allergic asthma related symptoms via promotion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Treg and suppression of Th2 responses in mouse model, suggesting YHQ can be used as a potent agent to alleviate allergic asthma related symptoms.

Purpose To explore mild cognitive dysfunction and/or spatial working memory impairment in patients with primary onset middle-age type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM] using ethology (behavior tests) and blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). Materials and Methods Eighteen primary onset T2DM patients and 18 matched subjects with normal blood glucose levels were all tested using the Montreal cognitive assessment scale test, the Wechsler Memory Scale Chinese-revised test, and scanned using BOLD-fMRI (1.5T, EPI sequence) while performing the n-back task to find the activation intensity of some cognition-related areas. Results The ethology results showed that T2DM patients had a mild cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction (P

With the prevalent use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for AIDS patients since 1996, the mortality of HIV/AIDS patients has been remarkably decreased. With long-term use of HAART, drug resistance and side effects of antiretrovirals have been frequently reported, which not only reduce the efficacy, but also decreases the tolerance of patients. Traditional herbal medicine has become more popular among HIV/AIDS patients as adjuvant therapy to reduce these adverse effects of HAART. SH formula is a Chinese herbal formula consisting of five traditional Chinese herbs including Morus alba L., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Artemisia capillaris Thumb., Astragalus membranaceus Bge., and Carthamus tinctorius L. SH formula is clinically used for HIV treatment in Thailand. However, the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between these Chinese herbs and antiretroviral drugs have not been well documented. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential herb-drug interaction between SH herbal Chinese formula and the antiretroviral drug atazanavir (ATV).The combination effect of SH formula and ATV on HIV protease was studied in HIV-1 protease inhibition assay in vitro. The inhibition of SH formula on rat CYP3A2 was assessed by detecting the formation of 1'-OH midazolam from midazolam in rat liver microsomes in vitro. The in vivo pharmacokinetic interaction between SH formula and ATV was investigated by measuring time-dependent plasma concentrations of ATV in male Sprague-Dawley rats with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Through the in vitro HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, combination of SH formula (41.7-166.7 μg/ml) and ATV (16.7-33.3 ng/ml) showed additive inhibition on HIV-1 protease activity than SH formula or ATV used alone. In vitro incubation assay indicated that SH formula showed a weak inhibition (IC50=231.2 µg/ml; Ki=98.2 µg/ml) on CYP3A2 activity in rat liver microsomes. In vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated that SH formula did not affect the metabolism of ATV in rats.Our study demonstrated for the first time that there is no metabolism-based herb-drug interaction between SH formula and ATV in rats, but this combination enhances the inhibition potentials against HIV protease activity. This observation may support the combinational use of anti-HIV treatment in human.

Based on results of the supplementary feasibility study geological and geotechnical investigation of some hydropower project about the active fault, which is partly buried by thick quaternary soil and partly exposed fault that triggered the earthquake ( M7.6 ) of Kashmir in 2005, Comprehensive methods such as geological mapping, drilling, borehole TV, acoustic wave test and testing on-site, are applied, it ascertains location, strike (orientation and dips), width of affected band, approximate depth, properties and integrity of the rocks within the active fault, developing trend and distribution range of the active fault. Interrelations of different methods and advantages or disadvantages are discussed and analyzed, at the same time, key points, difficulties and working procedures during the geological and geotechnical investigations are summarized, lot of data, results and figures are offered and analyzed,these methods and procedures can be mirrored and inferred in the future similar project.

Based on “Great Electric” subjects and with the characteristics of renewable powers , NCEPU positioned Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering as the main direction of development of water resources development and utilization and hydropower reservoir optimal scheduling and other services for the power sector and Formulated talents training model and curriculum system for the purpose of training senior applied talents, and has achieved some success and delivered many qualified professional talents for the sector of hydrology and electric power since set up.

For the observed EEG data under +Gz acceleration, the traditional Fourier transformation can not express the change regularity of EEG frequency spectrum characteristic with time, so it is tried to make data treatment with the help of analysis tool of WVD. Through the theory comparison on WVD, PWVD and SPWVD-this three analysis methods and the comparison analysis on the application results of the actually measured EEG data under centrifuge +Gz acceleration, the respective advantage and disadvantage of the three methods is studied, and SPWVD is found to be relatively a better analysis method. It can eliminate effectively crossing term interference which is innate for quadratic form distribution and has better focusing characteristic, and can better reflect the state of EEG under different G acceleration and frequency spectrum change characteristic.

Cooperative robot tracking of multiple targets plays an important role in many realistic robot applications. In order to minimize the time during which any target is not tracked, target trading among robots at runtime is a common phenomenon. After a period of successful tracking, the robot can gain a lot of knowledge about the target details, for example, the appearance changes caused by motion and illumination. However, the accumulated knowledge is dropped simply in existing research while robots trading targets, which makes each robot has to learn the knowledge of target details from scratch. The absence of knowledge sharing heavily influences the tracking accuracy in practice. In this paper, we propose a novel approach named Cloudroid Tracking which enables knowledge sharing through the support of the back-end cloud infrastructure. Our approach adopts the deep neural network (DNN) and its online tuning mechanisms to enable the knowledge accumulation. The dynamic connection of multiple DNNs on the cloud infrastructure and multiple robots is enabled. No matter how the target changes, the robot can connect to the corresponding neural network which is responsible for a specific target. The experimental results on both open dataset and real robots show that our approach can promote the accuracy for robot tracking significantly.

Currently, the traffic management technology used in vehicle dynamic weighing is gradually matured. However, in China, the existing technology has not been widely used in practical detection. The main reason is the high cost of the existing weighing system which has to destroy a short road during its construction, at the same time, requires arranging a lot of cables to form a monitoring network. This is not only harmful to vehicular traffic, but also wasteful in manpower and financial resources. This paper develops a wireless smart aggregates array based on the protocol for Zigbee802.15.4 and the passive piezoelectric structural health monitoring (SHM). By measuring the vehicle with various loads, the test is performed to validate the proposed Wireless Smart Aggregates Vehicle Dynamic Weighting System (WSA-VDWS). The experimental results are consistent with the results of actual conditions. The developed system is stable and reliable, which is able to be applied in real-time online tests of vehicle dynamic weighting monitoring.

Aimed at the structure limitation of tandem following warhead, a variable-structure following warhead which can be transformed from series to parallel was proposed. The following process of the variable-structure was simulated by numerical simulation method, and the advantages in reaming and aftereffect was proved, which provided new ideas for the design of the following warhead.

Researches on health monitoring technology of concrete structures by using piezoelectric smart aggregates have achieved a great development. However, the technique is not widely used so far in practical engineering. Because when constructing large-scale structural health monitoring (SHM) system using wire-based sensors, it requires a lot of cables to form a monitoring network, resulting in huge cost of abundant material of wires and labor for wire placement, and the relatively heavy maintenance work in case of failure of the SHM system. A kind of wireless sensor network based on the protocol for Zigbee802.15.4 and the passive piezoelectric smart health monitoring technology is developed in the paper. Through internal load monitoring tests of a concrete bridge model under impact loading, the developed wireless smart aggregate (WSA) health monitoring system is experimentally validated. The finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the process as the same as the bridge model test, and the numerical results are consistent with those of the experiment. The experimental results show that the developed wireless system is stable and reliable, and can be applied in concrete bridge structure health monitoring under impact loading.

Lacking communication and coordination between suppliers and retailers is the main cause of the shortage. The combination is simple bundle between two sides. For integrate back-end integration and supply chain, the two sides need powerful data analysis capabilities, this paper proposed trust evaluation indicators established a model of cooperation based on trust.

The MCU system is used to simulate laser signals and the signals received by avalanche transistors so as to conduct signal detection of actual circuit boards.With establishing a library of fault cases through the computer serial port, the MCU and the fault setting module can be based on to realize the fault simulation of actual circuit boards and conduct the training in fault detection and removal. The designed fault setting software and assessment software can be combined to assess the training effects of fault analysis, detection and removal. The developed prototype passes the test of training, showing good results and high training benefits

Ecological tourism park is a new form of tourism emerging in recent years, which have very important significance to the new rural construction. The design of landscape architecture in ecological park is still at the exploratory stage. This paper presents the design idea, design method of landscape architecture. In order to improve the design level of architectures in the ecological park, the method of integrating the architectural art, design technology and environment is proposed.

This paper introduces the architectural art design based on ecological aesthetics. The philosophical foundation, thinking ways and research methods of ecological aesthetics are described detailedly. The architectural art design which absorbs the advantages of ecological aesthetics shows the beauty of architecture. This is beneficial attempt from three aspects, namely whole vision, cultural ecology and aesthetic participation. All these research promote the development of architectural art design.

Background Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is a rare meningioma, with radiologic features not well characterized in literature. The purpose of this study was to describe and characterize the clinical features and imaging findings of CCM. Materials and methods The computed tomography (n = 16) and magnetic resonance (n = 23) images of 23 patients (12 men and 11 women; mean age, 34.6 years) were retrospectively reviewed. All of the patients underwent surgical resection. Follow-up was performed through clinical observations. Results Cerebellopontine angle was the most frequently presenting location (n = 10). The tumors were isointense (n = 12) or hypointense but associated with isointense (n = 7) appearance to gray matter on T1-weighted images. However, the tumors seemed to be isointense (n = 6) or isointense and hyperintense (n = 13) on T2-weighted images. On gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images, heterogeneous enhancement was seen in 14 lesions. Four lesions had amorphous calcifications, 18 showed peritumoral edema, 14 had cystic areas, 2 had bone hyperostosis, and 8 manifested bone destruction. On initial surgery, 17 patients underwent complete resection, whereas 5 patients underwent subtotal resection of their tumors. The operative result for the remaining patient was unknown. Follow-up was possible in 22 patients. Eleven patients had recurrence and 2 had died. Conclusions Clear cell meningioma is a rare subtype of meningioma that occurs in younger patients and often recurs. Cerebellopontine angle is the most affected area in this series. The extent of initial surgical resection is the most important prognostic factor. In radiological studies, CCM tends to have marked heterogeneous enhancement, prominent peritumoral edema, intratumoral cystic components, and involvement of the adjacent bone.

Objective To investigate resistance and safety of HHPG–19K in treating non–small cell lung cancer patients. Methods A total of 30 cases were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups: three HHPG–19K groups of different dosage (60 μg/kg/day, 100 μg/kg/day, 200 μg/kg/day), positive control group (Filgrastim, namely G–CSF5 μg/kg/day) and negative control group. Safety indexes of 5 groups were observed and compared. Results All patients had adverse event (100%) in three HHPG–19K groups, and increased ALP, ALT and AST were main events. The degree was mild to moderate. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event between dosage groups and positive control group no difference. But the incidence of negative control group was 13%, which was significantly lower than dosage groups and positive control group. Conclusions non–small cell lung cancer patients have satisfactory tolerance to HHPG–19K, and have no resistance. Besides, dosage at 100 μ g/kg is the most safe.

In order to get further improvement of the rendering speed, and the establishment of a high precision terrain at the same time, this paper discusses the high precision terrain rendering algorithms of the specific content and characteristics based on the fractal theory. The analysis shows that: in order to draw out more realistic topography, there must be the magnitude of the terrain data as the foundation in the present terrain simulation field,. Even the terrain data is rich enough, it also have certain defective, which can cause untruthfulness of the vision. This paper can improve the rendering speed and establish a high precision terrain based on the fractal theory at the same time.

Recently, with the development of Internet and the coming of new application modes, data storage has some new characters and new requirements. In this paper, a Distributed Computing Framework Mass Small File storage System (For short:Dnet FS) based on Windows Communication Foundation in .Net platform is presented, which is lightweight, good-expansibility, running in cheap hardware platform, supporting Large-scale concurrent access, and having certain fault-tolerance. The framework of this system is analyzed and the performance of this system is tested and compared. All of these prove this system meet requirements.

It is easy for the bulky spherical tank to take place wind-induced buckling under wind load, combined with the Daqing region specific practical engineering, simulation analysis of spherical tank system with 15.7m under random wind loads has been carried out by using ANSYS finite element software. The author investigates the mechanical properties of spherical tanks with the actions of self-weight and wind load, and obtains the deformation and stress distribution law of the tank, pillars and drawbars, at last construction suggestions of spherical tank is given, and these can provide technical support for improving the actual design for large spherical tank.

In this paper, we investigate an acoustic remote control technology through the annulus channel in an oil-well. To establish a reliable communication, we first evaluated the acoustic charateristic of the aunnulus channel through field experiments. Then, a remote control system was implemented with a ground equipment serving as an acoustic source, and an underground equipment used as a receiver. A demonstrative experiment, in which we succeded in remoting an intelligent valve over 1257 m, has been presented to verify the proposed technology.

No standard therapy for pulmonary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (PEH) has yet been established due to the rarity of the disease, the lack of clear standards for treatment and the partial-to-complete spontaneous regression. This report describes three cases of PHE manifested as bilateral intrapulmonary masses with an initial diagnosis conducted by thoracoscopic lung biopsy. These patients demonstrated a partial response to combination chemotherapy with carboplatin, paclitaxel, bevacizumab or endostar, and an improvement in clinical status. Furthermore, we reviewed the literature regarding such patients who received chemotherapy and immunotherapy; this indicated that patients with PEH demonstrated a good partial response to chemotherapy with carboplatin, paclitaxel, bevacizumab, thalidomide and α-interferon. Overall, combination chemotherapy regimens may hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of this rare disease.

Under 4 different conditions (the smallest air door αpy =1.60, the smaller air door αpy =2.20, the larger air door αpy =3.16 and the largest air door αpy =4.41), the double fire grates boiler designed by the author have been tested. The corresponding result is that the temperature distribution appears similar law in height, depth and width. Secure, stabile and economical operation of the boiler has been realized on the better work state (between condition 2 and condition 3). It will be an important type of straw briquette boiler. It lays foundation for optimization design of burning equipment and running adjustment.

Basic science studies have advanced our understanding of the role of key enzymes in the steroidogenesis pathway and those that affect the pathophysiology of PCOS. Studies with ovarian theca cells taken from women with PCOS have demonstrated increased androgen production due to increased CYP17A1 and HSD3B2 enzyme activities. Furthermore, overexpression of DENND1A variant 2 in normal theca cells resulted in a PCOS phenotype with increased androgen production. Notably, cellular steroidogenesis models have facilitated the understanding of the mechanistic effects of pharmacotherapies, including insulin sensitizers (e.g., pioglitazone and metformin) used for the treatment of insulin resistance in PCOS, on androgen production. In addition, animal models of PCOS have provided a critical platform to study the effects of therapeutic agents in a manner closer to the physiological state. Indeed, recent breakthroughs have demonstrated that natural derivatives such as the dietary medium-chain fatty acid decanoic acid (DA) can restore estrous cyclicity and lower androgen levels in an animal model of PCOS, thus laying the platform for novel therapeutic developments in PCOS. This chapter reviews the current understanding on the pathways modulating androgen biosynthesis, and the cellular and animal models that form the basis for preclinical research in PCOS, and sets the stage for clinical research.

The laser divergence angle is an important parameter of laser beam quality. In order to meet the actual needs of engineering, a method for measuring the laser divergence angle was derived. The laser divergence angle was obtained by measuring the total laser energy and the laser energy behind the aperture. A measuring device was designed for validation. The experimental results showed that the result of the measurement was accurate with an error being smaller than 0.001 mrad . The entire measurement method and the system are simple, easy to operate and can quickly and accurately measure the laser divergence angle. They completely satisfy actual needs.

The method of reverberation-ray matrix proposed by Pao et al. is applied to analyze the transient response of a multi-span pipe conveying fluid. The pipe under transverse vibration is considered as Timoshenko beam conveying axial flow. In the process of analysis, fast Fourier transform is used to convert the partial differential equation into ordinary differential equation. The support points of the pipe are chosen as the elements’ nodes. The transient wave motions at each node are divided into incident and reflected wave. By virtue of continuity and balance condition, the scattering relation is established between the above wave motions. The transient response is obtained by inverse fast Fourier transform. In the examples, the natural frequencies are calculated for single- and multi-span pipe conveying fluid with different fluid velocity, and great agreement is shown with the published literature. And then the transient responses, such as deformation, velocity, shear force and bending moment are obtained for a two-span pipe conveying fluid under different fluid velocity.

Design and implementation of Automatic Schematics Verification Platform based on open EDA (Electronic Design Automation) tools has been discussed. This platform adopts client/server pattern and provides an environment of design Verification and sharing data for designers separately, and at the same time, this platform has strong transplantable ability because of it’s strong cohesion and weak coupling with the open EDA tool, therefore we can transplant this platform to other open EDA tools expediently.

During the Process of ASP Produced Fluid Treatment, a Considerable Amount of Chemical Agents Were Injected to the Production System due to Problems such as Heavy Emulsion, Scaling and Foaming, Etc. these Chemicals React on each other and Finally Coexist in the Produced Fluid. how about Compatibility between the Chemicals? Will they Strengthen or Weaken their Functions on each other? this Paper Has Confirmed the Effects and their Influences to the Produced Fluid through Lab Tests on Compatibility between Demulsifiers, Defoaming Agents and Proposed a Proper Concentration to Eliminate Influences Caused by the Uncompatibility. Therefore, it Reduces the Effect on the Water Quality.

The effects of Gamma value,color temperature and brightness parameters on the display colors were researched in this paper.The experimental results show that the appropriate gamma value can improve the image display quality;the effect of color temperature on display color is more than gamma,it can be chosen according to the specific work environment of the monitor;brightness has almost no effect on display color,it can be chosen according to the observing conditions.

Aiming at the high fault rate and the problem of high fault harmfulness of civil aircraft hydraulic pumping source system, the fuzzy synthetic evaluation algorithm is researched. Aiming at the complex system, more influenced factors, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is presented to establish the weight set. Aiming at the real-time need of health assessment, the expert system is used to build membership function. Finally the method is validated by a set of data of that system.

Though the motor car I or motor car II of the diesel multiple units （DMUs） has the same objective condition, the difference of the wearing oil, particularly the condition of the calculator software comprehensive processing is a new topic that we should pay attention to. In this article, we have done with the values of ferrographic analysis and spectrometry analysis of motor car I and motor car II of the“New Dawn ’’DMUs ,for example, with the help of the Delphi 7 software and gotten homologous curve diagram at the same condition. We can evaluate the wear degree of diesel engine of the motor car I or motor car II of the DMUs and have a new way to deal with the wearing of the electric multiple units as well as the other types of the DMUs according to the characteristics of ferrographic analysis and spectrometric analysis of the motor cars.

Based on the orthotropic physical properties of coal cleats, the fluid-solid coupling model for stress sensibility coal seams is established. The equations of the coupling model are solved by using the finite element method. The history matching for JS-3 well in Ordos basin is carried on by using the coupling model. The comparison between calculated results based on the coupling model and the measured values indicates their good agreement, which verifies the accuracy and rationality of the model. The effect of the permeability orthotropic coefficient of coal cleats on the pressure distribution in coal seams is analyzed. The results show that the pressure along the butt cleats direction increases with permeability orthotropic coefficient increasing; The pressure along the face cleats decreases with permeability orthotropic coefficient increasing between 0m~30m and 170m~200m, whereas both increases from 30m to 170m.

Aiming at life prediction for aircraft components, the life distribution types and the parameter estimation methods were introduced, then a method using grey relational analysis to determine the type of the life distribution was proposed, from which can calculate the remaining life. In this paper, the typical aircraft components were taken as an example to demonstrate the feasibility of the method. It has some certain reference value in the maintenance decision-making.

Due to the complicated structure and the high speed turbulence, it is difficult to measure and analyze the flow field characteristics of the main nozzle by experimental methods, naturally, some software such as FLUENT become a powerful tool to perform the numerical simulation for flow field of the main nozzle of an air-jet loom. The distribution of the airflow velocity and static pressure along axial and radial direction in main nozzle were investigated. The results indicated that the airflow in the main nozzle was extremely complex, its velocity in throat could be sonic and a certain backflow was produced. The research results will play an important role on the structural parameters optimization and energy conservation.

Health assessment is one of the key technologies for civil aircraft health management system. In order to access the health status of components, subsystems and systems of civil aircrafts, this paper explicitly defines the health status, and presents the fuzzy synthetic evaluation algorithm. Then the model of the evaluated object is established to get the health status of quantitative level. Finally, the method is used for health assessment of aircraft hydraulic pump .The results of simulation show the practicability of this method.

On the principle of surface photovoltage (SPV) and photocatalysis, an approach was proposed and developed to evaluate a photocatalytical activity of catalysts from SPV intensity measurements. By using a model case of TiO2 catalysts, the method was experimentally studied for determination and prediction of the activity by intensity of SPV responses as a parameter. It was found that the photocatalytical activity correlates well with the SPV value of catalysts. The SPV intensity as measuring parameter, with characteristics of quick, easy, non-destructive operation, may be applied efficiently to evaluate photocatalytical activity of solid materials such as mono/multi crystalline, film and particulate powder in various types, sizes and treatments.