Search

The hospital health service industry needs to have optimal services with quality human resources seeing many similar endeavors. Competing in similar industries requires patient trust. Confidence comes from the idea that the parties involved will provide the best quality. Therefore, in this case, the patient's trust is measured by experience, betrayal of the institution, and faith in doctors. This research thus seeks to examine the impact of medical expertise on betrayal institutional, the doctor's confidence, and patient trust in health care. The technique of sampling is purposeful sampling sample of outpatients at hospitals in the Jakarta area is 305. This type of research is deductive, with data collection by distributing questionnaires. The analytical method used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The study results conclude: First, there is an effect of medical experiences on institutional betrayal. Secondly, there is an impact of institutional betrayal of trust in-hospital treatment. Three, medical experiences have an impact on patients' confidence in healthcare. Four, the impact of doctor trust on the confidence of individuals in healthcare. This study indicates that hospital leaders may provide training, development to enhance medical officers' abilities and know-how, and improve hospital performance systems to offer video satisfaction services and reduce the incidence of institutional betrayal to establish confidence for patients.

Women veterans experience disproportionately high rates of military sexual trauma (MST). Nonetheless, many MST survivors delay or forgo health care, particularly within Veterans Health Administration (VHA) settings. Institutional betrayal (IB) has been posited as a potential explanation for this. Objective The current study examined if IB was associated with women veterans' willingness to seek VHA and non-VHA mental health and medical care, prior use of VHA care, past year use of VHA care, and use of VHA and non-VHA MST-related care. Method Participants were 242 women veterans who screened positive for MST and completed self-report measures of IB and willingness to seek VHA and non-VHA mental health and medical care. Use of VHA care was assessed through VA Corporate Data Warehouse data. Results IB was associated with lower willingness to use VHA medical care and higher willingness to use non-VHA mental health care. Although IB was not significantly associated with prior use of VHA care, participants who reported more IB were more likely to have used VHA care in the past year and to have used both VHA and non-VHA MST-related care. Conclusion These findings illuminate the relationship between the institutional response to MST with women's help-seeking willingness and use. Addressing IB may be important for increasing women MST survivors' willingness to use VHA medical care. Additionally, as IB was associated with greater willingness to use non-VHA mental health care, non-VHA institutions and providers should be prepared to serve women veterans who have experienced MST-related IB. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

BackgroundExposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) is associated with increased risk for substance use disorders (SUDs), although population-based studies remain limited. The goal of this study was to better understand the relationships between PMIE exposure and lifetime and past-year alcohol use disorder (AUD), drug use disorder (DUD), and SUD.MethodsData were analyzed from the 2019–2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, which surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1321 combat veterans. Multivariable analyses examined associations between three types of PMIE exposure (perpetration, witnessing, and betrayal), and lifetime and past-year AUD, DUD, and SUD, adjusting for sociodemographic variables, combat exposure severity, prior trauma, and lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder.ResultsPerpetration was associated with increased odds of lifetime AUD (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.01–1.31) and lifetime SUD (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.03–1.35). Witnessing was associated with greater odds of past-year DUD (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.04–1.38) and past-year SUD (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.02–1.28). Betrayal was associated with past-year AUD (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.03–1.39). A large proportion of the variance in past-year AUD was accounted for by betrayal (38.7%), while witnessing accounted for 25.8% of the variance in past-year DUD.ConclusionsExposure to PMIEs may be a stronger contributor to SUDs among veterans than previously known. These findings highlight the importance of targeted assessment and treatment of moral injury among veterans with SUDs, as well as attending to specific types of morally injurious experiences when conceptualizing and planning care.

Introduction. Gennady Bashkuev’s works attempt to comprehend the late Soviet and post-Soviet eras, and To Kill Time proves a most significant prose work of the writer. Goals. The article seeks to identify and analyze the relationship between the system of characters in the novel and its motif structure, which helps clarify the underlying idea of the work, eclectic in structure and close in form to a short story cycle. Methods. The study rests on the theses about a relationship between semantics of motif and character, predicativity of motif, and on the concept of motif complexes and leitmotif construction of the narrative. Results. The main character of the novel is the narrator, the narrative proper divided into childhood memories and those of recent past. The characters of childhood can be clustered into three groups: family, friends, adults —motifs of happiness, celebration, romantic dreams and that of loss are associated with them. The characters of adulthood are women and childhood friends who are associated with motifs of marginal life, betrayal, guilt, and that of romance. The motifs of ‘childhood’ and ‘adulthood’ memories are intertwined, and it is the motif structure that ensures the integrity of the narrative. The key role in the novel is played by the binary image — the saleswoman Inga and the city madwoman — that combines two main themes for the narrator’s self-reflection: childhood and women. The plot structure partly fits into the universal mythological scheme: a series of trials — sketches-events from the life of the autobiographical narrator — is built into somewhat a ‘mythological journey’ to finally end with the acquisition of ‘elixir’ — catharsis and spiritual liberation. Conclusions. The image of the protagonist, the narrator, is explicated in the text and is revealed in the system of motifs associated with characters of his memories. Analysis of the character system proves instrumental in revealing key ideas of the novel and interpreting its title: those are reflections about time that become a focus of the author’s viewpoint uniting the seemingly disparate stories.

Patients with complex medical conditions may have a medical history that includes multiple negative/traumatic experiences with the health care system over the course of their diagnosis and treatment. The BITTEN (Betrayal history by health-related institutions; Indicator for health care engagement; Trauma symptoms related to health care; Trust in health care providers; Expectation of patient; Needs of patient) model posits that health care providers can recognize and respond in a way that encourages resisting patient retraumatization. We present a hypothetical case study applying the BITTEN model as a patient-centered framework to include in a standard visit. Increased awareness of the patient’s risk for institutional betrayal, trauma, and overall negative past health care experiences can help the NP better understand the patient’s current and future health care needs and expectations.

In 2019, we collaborated with German theatre artists to co-create Between Worlds: Outsourcing Dementia Care, an immersive, multi-media piece performed in Newcastle and Berlin. This performance work animated and staged our interviews conducted with the owners of and caregivers working in private care facilities recently built in northern Thailand to provide dementia care for overseas guests from across the Global North. This creation process also drew from interviews we conducted with the family members who had chosen this option for their loved ones with dementia. Incorporating elements of documentary theatre, movement and cinematic projection, Between Worlds was designed to bring audiences into an intimate space, drawing them close to the complexities of the outsourcing of dementia care in order to prompt public conversation and reflection on dementia care in both Thailand and the Global North. Here, we consider the performance of the play and the method that our theatre collaborators used to render transparent the process of translation within performance. We critically assess the outcome to question the possible betrayals implicit in creative and social science work and in the doing of cultural geography.

In his poem, “Such a Parcel of Rogues in a Nation” (1791), the great Scottish crofter poet, Robert Burns, wrote scathingly of the betrayal of Scotland by lowland capitalists in signing the Treaty o...

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) are a fast-growing source of healthcare for women with intersectional identities, or those most frequently exposed to and negatively impacted by interpersonal trauma. According to the "3 E" conceptualization of trauma, certain Event- and Experience-related characteristics of a trauma predict victims' physical and mental health Effects. The "3 Es" have yet to be studied in female FQHC patients. The current study examined the prevalence of interpersonal trauma and interrelationships among traumatic Event-related factors (e.g., cumulative trauma by victim-perpetrator relationship), Experience-related factors (e.g., betrayal, resilience), and Effects (e.g., somatic symptoms, posttraumatic stress (PTS), anxiety/depression, mistrust, reduced sense of safety) among 138 predominantly Black (89.1%) women receiving care at an FQHC in the southeastern U.S. Roughly 65% of participants (n = 86) endorsed exposure to at least one type of interpersonal trauma. More cumulative trauma was significantly correlated with more somatic, PTS, and anxious/depressive symptoms, and a reduced sense of safety. Experiences of betrayal and/or resilience were better predictors of PTS and anxious/depressive symptoms and lack of safety than Event-related factors. Findings support the need for the implementation of trauma-informed care within community-based health centers. Healthcare providers should consider women's subjective experience of trauma when screening for exposure and providing trauma-sensitive care.

This article discusses the rhetorical construction of self-identity in Ian Smith's autobiography. I argue that in communicating self-identity and claiming historical agency, Smith deploys rhetoric born out of intertextuality. Intertextual references construct nation-building rhetoric that positions Smith as an agent of history. The article demonstrates that Smith's invocation of past texts and citations provokes unintended and problematic meanings. While Smith constructs rhetorical discourse, he is in turn also constructed by that discourse as a subject of history.

Our goal was to identify gender differences in the prevalence and outcomes of exposure to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) in a sample of U.S. military veterans. In a national sample of post-9/11 veterans (n = 7200) weighted to reflect the larger population of newly separated U.S. veterans, we conducted gender-stratified analyses of the prevalence of exposure to PMIEs and their associations with psychological and functional problems. Veterans reported exposures stemming from witnessing (27.9%), perpetrating (18.8%), and being betrayed (41.1%). Women more frequently reported witnessing- and betrayal-based PMIEs, but no gender differences were observed for perpetration-based PMIEs. Psychological distress was associated with witnessing and betrayal among women and with witnessing, betrayal, and perpetration among men. Whereas betrayal was most consistently associated with functional impairment across domains for women, perpetration was most consistently associated with functional impairment for men. Moral injury contributes to psychological and functional problems among a significant minority of military veterans, although effects vary based on PMIE type and gender. Implications for veterans and other populations who experience moral injury are discussed.

I argue for an account of the vulnerability of trust, as a product of our need for secure social attachments. This account seeks to explain why it is true that, when we trust or distrust someone, w...

The paper focuses on how the 15th-century Scottish writer Robert Henryson deals with and punishes a female character’s betrayal in The Testament of Cresseid. For centuries, scores of male authors have described the heroine Cresseid by applying the social and religious significance of the time. More than anyone else, Henryson uniquely commences The Testament of Cresseid by summoning Cresseid from the narrative after her betraying Troilus and being cursed with leprosy because of the blasphemy of gods. Some critics still argue that Henryson lays the groundwork for Cresseid’s salvation. In contrast with this, Henryson punishes Cresseid for her betrayal. With leprosy, her beautiful appearance disappears, which makes her suffer from social isolation. She is brutally chastised and dies alone. In The Testament of Cresseid, showing the death of a beautiful but faithless heroine, Henryson attempts to enlighten medieval readers and give moral lessons and religious admonitions by using it as warnings.

Drawing on the prevailing theoretical paradigm of post-Holocaust research, which defines primarily the post-traumatic subject positions of victim and perpetrator, this paper focuses on the Chinese ...

Edward Snowden’s Permanent Record is the story of a whistleblower’s betrayal of covert intelligence gathering programmes originating in the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and National Security A...

The article puts forward the hypothesis that in the novel by F. Kafka “Metamorphosis” a mythological plot of the transition is realized. The author interprets this type of plot as an event when a hero crosses the border between life and death. The mythocritical and immanent methodology is used. It is concluded that in the Kafka’s novel the plot of the transition is reproduced in a reduced version. The significance of this reduction is proved: its discovery allows revealing the deep foundations of the tragic content of the novel. The author analyzes the approaches existing in science in interpreting the image of the three tenants who settled in Mr. Zamza’s apartment after the hero’s transformation. In a polemical perspective, some interpretations of the image of guests are considered. A new interpretation of this collective character is put forward: it is raised to the figure of a psycho-pump in the article. It is shown that the tragic pathos of the novel is associated with the event of the expulsion of the tenants, which is interpreted as a reduction of the rite of transformation. It is proved that the function of the image of tenants is to strengthen the semantics of family betrayal. Observations are made on the nature of Kafka's mythologism based on the material of its mythological miniatures.

The article deals with detailed linguistic stylistic analysis of one of Harold Pinter’s “memory plays” Betrayal. The object of our investigation is the text of the play and the subject is its linguistic stylistic peculiarities. This literary work stands out from the rest of the plays due to its autobiographical element – the prototypes of main characters of Betrayal are Pinter himself, his lover Joan Bakewell and her husband. The central motif, as the title suggests, is betrayal which incorporates two types of this phenomenon – a betrayal of a spouse and a betrayal of a friend. We have studied the motif of betrayal realized both in author’s remark and characters’ dialogue at all language levels. It is noticeable that incomplete, elliptical sentences together with aposiopesis prevail – their purpose is to reflect emotional tension presented in characters’ utterances. Among other dominant figures of speech are repetition of different type (alliteration, morphological and lexical repetition, anaphora, epiphora and parallel construction), semantic associative group of words denoting human relationship and marriage, words denoting emotions (mostly adjectives), numerous intensifiers, words with strong emotional connotations and verbal irony. Also, author’s remarks “pause” and “silence”, performing various functions, are conspicuous.

This article includes three essays to explore how U.S. universities engage in practices that terrorize, threat, and betray women of color in academia. Drawing from personal narratives to illuminate...

The main focus of this research work is to analyze the symbols and their role in interpreting the novel “The Kite Runner” by Afghan-born American writer Khaled Hosseini who has widely used artistic signs in his novel. With the help of symbols the essence of the work has been conveyed to the reader through the sensitivity of artistic principles. The symbols in the novel were analyzed being divided into categories as characters, places, things and complex symbols. The introduction of the symbols in the novel, as the secret information of the author to the reader, is a masterpiece of the artistic idea that has not been provided in the text but intended for it. Moreover, it is a figure of speech through which any author is able to express in an indirect way a certain mood, concept, a political ideology, a period or emotion in a work of literature using a physical object, character, event or word. Symbols in the literary work are of great importance to help readers visualize complex concepts and central themes, and track their development; afford writers the opportunity to communicate complex ideas efficiently and artfully; invite readers to interpret a text independently; add emotional value to a text; conceal themes that are too controversial to state openly; imply change or growth in characters or themes through shifts in the way that characters interact with particular symbols, or ways in which the symbols themselves change over time. The catastrophic events connected with the World Trade Center that occurred on September 11, 2001, caused a surge of interest in a little-known Central Asian country Afghanistan. Consequently, most people around the world discovered a new, yet soon stereotyped face of Afghan people as terrorists and their allies. Thus, Khaled Hosseini along with other compatriot authors endeavored to reshape the overlooked image of his nation and his native land once he abandoned, in different perspectives, social and moral angles.

Institutional betrayal occurs when an institution fails to appropriately respond to harm experienced by a member of the institution, such as through a failure to act or a mishandling of cases. The concept has been applied to the higher education institution (HEI) response students who experience sexual violence, particularly Title IX investigations, showing that institutional betrayal is common among student survivors. Yet, to our knowledge, institutional betrayal in HEI Title IX investigations has not been qualitatively explored. We conducted interviews of sexual violence survivors (N = 21) who participated in a Title IX investigation at a U.S. HEI to understand their experiences of institutional betrayal. We found that all participants experienced some form of institutional betrayal during the Title IX investigation. Through grounded theory analysis, we identified themes of survivors’ experiences of institutional betrayal including HEI self-protection from liability, lack of agency, HEI culture, and lack of proper support/resources. We discuss implications for institutional responses to survivors that minimize the risk of institutional betrayal.

Conquistadors’ interpreters in America could be seen as mediators whose effort made possible the communication between Indians and Europeans. Yet, their very names are stigmatised as symbols of betrayal if and when they emerge as fictionalised figures in literature, political move-ments and popular culture. Columbus’ interpreter is an outcast in both the New and the Old World. La Malinche is widely epitomised as Cortés’ mis-tress and traitor of the Aztecs, although her identity has been re-evaluated as mother of the Mexican nation and feminist icon of Chicana writers. Felipillo, Pizarro ’s ill-reputed interpreter, is used in the Andean regions as a metaphor for corrupt politicians.

Objective The COVID-19 pandemic brought unparalleled pressure, stress, and a dramatic change in practice to health care systems across the world. National Health Service (NHS) staff have reported higher levels of burnout, stress, and other mental health issues that they relate directly to the impact of the pandemic. Burnout is often used as a "catch-all" term for psychological distress in the workplace, and it has been suggested that, during the pandemic, experience of "burnout" may be influenced by "moral injury": the distress that can arise from actions, or lack of action, that are seen to violate one's ethical code. This study investigates NHS staff experiences of burnout and betrayal-based moral injury, in which a trusted authority betrays "what is right." Method Sixteen NHS staff members were interviewed in relation to their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, and data were thematically analyzed. Results Three themes were identified: abandonment as betrayal; dishonesty and lack of accountability; and fractured relationship to management or the NHS. Conclusions This analysis concludes that self-identified "burnout" in NHS staff may include a significant moral component, and that failure to engage in moral repair following betrayal-based moral injury may relate to a long-term loss of trust or fractured relationship with the organization. In addition to traditional trauma-informed psychological support, leadership at all levels should be trained to be aware of betrayal-based moral injury and to engage in moral repair to reduce staff intent to leave and encourage mutual trust. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

In this commentary, researchers, health care consumers, and medical providers reflect on institutional betrayal during the COVID-19 pandemic in American and Canadian health care systems. Examples of institutional betrayal experienced by patients and their family members, as well as medical providers, are described. Although such examples may be more evident to the general public during the current pandemic, they do not represent new problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

The exact identification of Judas Iscariot has long vexed scholars. The gospel accounts themselves say little, offering a variety of possible motivations for his action, including money and Satanic impulse. The key word used of Judas' actions, paradidonai, found in all four canonical Gospels, offers two translations, “hand over” and “betray,” which remain highly contested. However, the fact that both God and people may “hand over” offers a possible solution, which emerges from an examination of the genre and environment of the four Gospels.

Objective Prior research suggests that there is a relationship between traumatic experiences and poor health. When considered through the lens of betrayal trauma (i.e., the perpetrator and the victim have a close interpersonal relationship), traumatic experiences predict greater posttraumatic difficulty and higher levels of depression. Betrayal trauma has been associated with poorer interpersonal relationships and less trust in individuals and systems that may be important for a person's wellbeing, such as health care systems. In turn, trauma survivors are less likely to adhere to medical treatment, which may ultimately affect their overall health. The current study examined the complex relationship between experiences of betrayal trauma and poor health, while accounting for demographics, mental health symptoms, trust in physicians and the medical system, attachment style, and nonadherence to medical treatment. Method A demographically representative sample of 312 Canadian participants was surveyed online. Participants completed measures that assessed symptoms of mental health (PTSD, depression), trauma, attachment style, trust, and nonadherence to medical treatment. Results Hierarchical regression models were used to examine the relationship between betrayal trauma and health. Betrayal trauma significantly predicted nonadherence to treatment, while trust in physicians was explained by trauma, attachment style, and mental health symptoms. All of these factors significantly explained poor health status. Conclusions Results suggest the importance of implementing trauma-informed care in health care systems. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Mythology, in the poetry of Kadare, is quite present. It is presented as a special theme, which reveals not only the poetic but also philosophical ideas of Kadare. As such, mythical topography in Kadare's poetry is not only presented in various forms, but also presented with numerous mythological figures, especially from ancient Greek mythology, and also from Albanian mythology. Being present in poetry of Kadare, mythical topics are always in the function of comparing with contemporarily, taking the examples of mythological figures and heroes, but their places, not rarely implied as influential or comparable elements: mythical heroes with personalities from contemporary; their actions with the events and actions of modernity, and the ancient places with today's countries, either as patriotic or enemy countries.

Purpose This paper aims to draw on Latour’s (1991) conceptual “performative” framework to investigate the role of management control systems (MCSs) in the establishment of post-acquisition integration. The study adopts a qualitative case study approach, where data are collected and analysed from an Australian company which had recently completed a number of acquisitions. Findings demonstrate the performative powers and effects of MCSs, which contribute to shaping customer and sales integration activities, including the forms some resistance may take. In this case, a bitter betrayal was perceived to have occurred in an early stage of the merger, and this paper argues that the use of a performative theoretical framework has enabled subsequent post-acquisition integration strategies to be rendered more visible and thus actionable. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts a qualitative approach where data are collected and analysed from an Australian case study company which had recently completed a number of acquisitions. Research methods used include semi-structured interviews, a review of archival documents and observations to capture daily integration activities and practices of actors operating in the company. Findings Findings demonstrate the performative powers and effects of MCSs, which structure customer and sales integration activities and make post-acquisition integration relations strategy visible and actionable. Research limitations/implications Findings are only on one case study, and there is a need to undertake further detailed case studies across a range of industries and timeframes, plus, where possible, revisit such studies post hoc to assess the stability of success of the integration. Practical implications Integration strategy and strategic change may be constituted by non-human actants such as MCSs. Practitioners who are engaged in acquisitions and making integration decisions need to recognise that MCSs do not merely play a subordinate role to integration strategies, but rather is an important moderating variable that play an active role in their formulation, configuration and enactment. Originality/value A performative approach is taken to provide a broader analytical framework for analysing the construction and sustaining of post‐acquisition integration relations, where there is no distinction between technical and social dimensions of action but, rather, the two are merged. This makes it possible to overcome the limitations inherent in existing theoretical frameworks. Using this approach, integration relations involve construction of a network of entities that are enrolled to support, create and sustain the integration.

This article examines the concept of German Realism, also known as poetic realism or bourgeois realism, using the example of the motif of marital betrayal. Theodor Fontane’s Effi Briest is the most widely known literary work that portrays infidelity and the punishment inflicted on the wife who breaks her marriage vows. The novel is often compared to Madame Bovary and Anna Karenina. It depicts not only the young wife’s affair but also its consequences: divorce, losing the rights to her child, social isolation and finally her premature death, caused by her “anguish”. A superficial reading suggests that Fontane was inspired by the literature of European Realism and Naturalism; however, even a cursory comparison of Flaubert’s and Fontane’s works reveals the distinctive features of German Realism. It is this specificity of the mid-19 century German novel that constitutes the main focus of this article. The key aesthetic category characteristic of the German 19th century prose was “humour”, defined by Wolfgang Preisendanz as finding the connection between two seemingly unrelated things. Fontane wrote about the “beautifying veil”, which makes it possible to portray extreme social problems in a poetic way, never directly. The reader must uncover aspects of the literary work which evoke the dilemmas of a world on the verge of modernity.

The legal basis for prosecution and conviction for gross negligence manslaughter has failed to provide prosecutors, judges, and juries with sufficient certainty as to what constitutes the offense in the nineteenth or twentieth centuries. It remains to be seen whether 'revised guidance' or a plea for clearer understanding of the elements of the offense of gross negligence manslaughter as set out in the rapid policy review will be a sufficient remedy to allay doctors fears, or whether an entirely new approach is required. If the latter, then founding the charge on the basis of a betrayal of trust between the patient and her doctor may represent a concept that the jury can recognize and empathize with. If a jury can understand a binary decision of betrayal vs nonbetrayal, then the judge's task of direction will be simplified, less ambiguous, providing certainty. At the same time, the Crown Prosecution Service of the UK may find it easier to identify the rare cases of betrayal of trust that merit prosecution. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: V; expert opinion.

«Donna Anna» (1929) by Hordiy Brasiuk (the representative of Executed Renaissance) is virtually unexamined novel. Therefore, in the article, the novel is analyzed in the aspect of the semantics of the infernal machine and through the conflict between two outlooks of male opponents – the apologist of the industry, the engineer-inventor and the servant of Muses, the composer and the musician. It has been defined that besides the problems of sex, love, desire, marital morality and betrayal presented in the novel, one more clearly stands out – the collision of two types of creativity, two approaches to it. These types are embodied by male heroes – man of action, Homo faber, engineer Nick Bachinsky (Cast Iron Commander) on the one hand and man of art and theatrical bohemian, Homo ludens, composer Volodymyr Shalvia (embodiment of musical element and freedom of passion, Don Juan) from another. The first type represents the avant-garde hero – the newest iron god, the conqueror of energy and the earth's interior (the sociocultural type of proletkult and futurism). The second is a type of modernist hero-artist, relativist, and immoralist. And the image of the infernal machine – the invention that destroys its inventor – plays a leading part in solving such an ideological confrontation. Thus, numerous sound, color and pyrotechnical details in the description of the infernal machine in action, as well as the expressive reaction of the viewers and the imaginary death of the engineer are preceded by a plot and are semantically related to the episode of default – the death of the inventor during the experiment. This scene of machine in action seems to suggest the fate of the newest Commander in the epoch of iron cast. In the end, life defeat is experienced by each of the representatives of the outlined love triangle. The Cast Iron Commander perished by his own invention (even if it happened with direct participation of Don Juan), his invention is seized to others, and his cast-iron figure arises like mute reproach only to his former wife, and he is unable to punish the main abuser. Freedomloving Don Juan becomes a mere vegetable as if paying for the combination of genius and crime in his own person. And soon he completely loses his creative inspiration after that, as Anna destroyed his opera, and Talya made an abortion. Donna Anna is crestfallen, reconciling to the role of the cook.

The paper conceptualizes the complex events in Koliivshchyna in Andrew Hudyma`s historical poem-novel “Bubbled Eagles”, also it is considered the images of brave leaders – Maksim Zalizniak, Ivan Gaunt – in the light of folk and historical sources. Taking into account that this poem- novel was printed more than two hundred years ago but like in the folk art the reliable facts and events are also covered artistic fiction (a murder of church warden Danylo, the consecration of knives in the Black Yar,the crimes of confederates etc.). The work consists of a prologue and three parts: “Blagovest”, “In the heat of hellish pain”, “Dance of Fire”, each of which has multiple partitions, indicating the place names of historical events. In addition to historical sources, the highly model on the poem -novel “Bubbled Eagles” is the poem “Gaydamak” Shevchenko. These works have much in common: a plot – based semantic model, poetic estimates of folk events, image protagonists and in genre definition (I. Bezpechnyi, O. Sloniovs`ka prove that it is a historical poem-novel). A. Hudyma showed the movement of haydamak not as a blind revolt against aristocratic oppression but and organized rising with a clear purpose – to free farmers from the Polish cruel exploitation, to get national will and to achieve the Hetman revival. Representant “suremnopainful” hours in Ukraine, the singer of the events and the expression of the views of the author are Kobzar. The main characters of the novel in poems submitted by the author and biographical data about them, and historical and folk sources. Maksim Zalizniak appears as an ordinary man looking for the solutions from difficult circumstances, in everyday communication with villagers, in conversations with loved Orylia and in thoughts of his mother. Also it mentioned in the novel other participants of the uprising, they are documented – Andriy Zhurba, Mykyta Shvachka, Pavlo Taran, Nezhyvyi Semen and those who helped to destroy Haidamaks betrayal and their leaders – brothers Hdyshytskiy, Kshemus`kiy, Kologrivov, Guriev. “Bubbled Eagles” – an artistic reminder for the descendants about Koliivshchyna, like as a page of heroic past of the people, like as a call for the awakening of national consciousness.

Nizami is one of the most famous poets of the sixth century. His mystical and romantic stories are full of wisdom. His two stories called ‘Haft Peykar’ and ‘Khosrow and Shirin’, which are discussed in this article, have interested artists throughout the history of Iranian art. The painter of the ‘Haft Peykar’ painting shows the whole story from beginning to end in one single image. The painter of the ‘Death of Shirin’ painting, emphasizes the paradoxes of life, the confrontation of life and death, heaven and earth, and loyalty and betrayal in the composition, colors and symbolic elements. This study used an analytical-descriptive method. The purpose of this research was to determine how the painters used these two mystical literary texts to express their own ideas. What can be seen from the two paintings is that the artists used the stories of Nizami to create their works with an artistic and mystical visual language, using symbolism in the composition and the colors. It should be noted that the painters also added meanings to their paintings and thus presented new content for the viewer.

Background: Ethical relationships are important among many participants in healthcare, including the ethical relationship between nurse and employer. One aspect of organizational behavior that can impact ethical culture and moral well-being is institutional betrayal. Research aim: The purpose of this concept analysis is to develop a conceptual understanding of institutional betrayal in nursing by defining the concept and differentiating it from other forms of betrayal. Design: This analysis uses the method developed by Walker and Avant. Research context: Studies were reviewed using health literature databases with no date restrictions. Ethical considerations: Analysis was conducted using established guidelines for ethical research. Findings: Although institutional betrayal is a concept applied in the literature, there was a paucity of studies exploring the concept within nursing. Examples of the concept in the literature include violation of trust between organization (i.e. employer) and nurse, such as provision of inadequate workplace protections, ineffective or hostile management, and gaslighting of those who experience negative events. Examples of institutional betrayal have become more visible during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discussion: A conceptual definition of institutional betrayal is a deep violation of trust or confidence or violation of moral standards committed by an institution toward a nurse. This definition incorporates experiences and issues suggested by the literature. Outcomes are likely negative, including impacts on nurse psychological and workplace well-being. This concept likely fits within a framework of ethical workplaces and has conceptual relationships with moral distress and moral resilience. Further studies can help qualitatively explore and empirically measure this concept. Conclusion: In the pursuit of improving the ethical culture of healthcare workplaces, this concept can provide meaningful insight into organizational behavior and its consequences. Naming and describing the concept can promote conceptual clarity and equip researchers, nurses, and leaders to identify and mitigate the issue.

Objective Suicide is a problem on college campuses. One of the strongest predictors of suicide risk is symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Additional factors, such as trauma, also increase risk for suicide. One type of trauma that is especially insidious is 1 in which people are betrayed by others on whom they depend for support or protection (betrayal traumas). However, there is little research on the incremental effects of BPD symptoms and trauma with varying degrees of betrayal on suicide risk. Method In this study, we examined the relative effects of BPD symptoms and traumatic experiences with varying degrees of betrayal on suicide risk in a sample of college students (N = 915) using a Bayesian approach to multiple linear regression. Results Results suggest that BPD symptoms and traumas with high and medium degrees of betrayal have incremental effects on suicide risk, although this effect differs by sex. Conclusion These findings highlight the utility of assessing history of trauma over and above BPD symptoms in the prediction of suicide risk and have implications for future research and clinical intervention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

The BITTEN theoretical framework of trauma-informed healthcare proposes that each patient presents to a healthcare encounter with a baseline level of historical institutional B etrayal and trauma e...

The subject of this publication is related to such directions of modern linguistics as critical discourse analysis, media linguistics, and text semantics. The article examines the features of the media discourse of Ukraine on the example of antonymic semantic relations that are the result of modern discursive practice. The media discourse of modern Ukraine demonstrates the facts of the emergence and functioning of the pseudo-antonymic opposition. The research is based on economic topics articles published in Ukrainian online publications during 2019-2020. The texts of the publications are written in Ukrainian or Russian. All articles are devoted to the problem of “betrayal or victory”. The author of the article asserts that the active functioning of the Ukrainian lexemes “betrayal” and “victory” in the media discourse influenced not only the emergence of unusual oppositional relations between these lexemes. The active use of pseudo-antonyms in speech contributes to the destruction of traditional axiological values of Ukrainians and involves them in pseudo-discussions. Thus, first of all, the “power of discourse” is manifested. The author speaks about the formation of an independent discourse “betrayal or victory” in the Ukrainian media discourse. Pseudo-antonyms explode the pragmatic intentions of the sender of the message and are a means of manipulative influence on the linguistic consciousness of the recipient.

Extant theories of trust assume the trustee has agency (i.e. intentionality and free will). We propose that a crucial qualitative distinction between placing trust in Artificial Intelligence (AI) vs. trust in a human lies in the degree to which attributions of agency are made to the trustee by the trustor (human). We specify two mechanisms through which the extent of agency attributions can affect human trust in AI. First, the importance of the benevolence of the trustee—the AI—increases if the AI is seen as more agentic, but so does the anticipated psychological cost if it violates the trust (because of betrayal aversion, see Bohnet & Zeckhauser, 2004). Second, attributions of benevolence and competence become less relevant for placing confidence in a non-agentic seeming AI system, and instead benevolence and competence attributions to the designer of the system become important. Both mechanisms imply that making an AI appear more agentic may increase or decrease the trust that humans place in it. While designers of AI technology often strive to endow their creations with features that convey its benevolent nature (e.g. through anthropomorphizing or transparency), this may also change agency perceptions in a manner that results in making it less trustworthy in human eyes.

This study conducted a discourse analysis of posts, comments, and contextual material on three Danish Facebook Pages, all established because of social groups' skepticism of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. The researchers of this study accessed most administrator posts and visitors' comments, and pursued additional information through links provided on the Pages, supplementary media coverage, and available knowledge about the development of the controversy over HPV vaccination in Denmark. Using the discourse analysis framework, discourses of loss, doubt, and betrayal were identified. Associating important existential, propositional, and value assumptions affiliated with HPV vaccination, these three interconnected discourses embody important strands of vaccination skepticism. The loss discourse emerged from the personal stories about losing one's mobility or quality of life, which then mobilized expressions of sympathy and a genuine wish that things would improve. The doubt discourse was affiliated with posts and comments questioning the evidence behind HPV vaccination. Administrators and visitors doubted the information provided by the health authorities for many reasons. Some were skeptical of the epistemic value of studies showing HPV vaccination to be safe, and others simply did not trust the health authorities for sound medical advice. Finally, the betrayal discourse underlying the HPV vaccination skepticism was connected to statements that accused the health authorities of betraying all those who have experienced personal loss in relation to HPV vaccination. This discourse established a difference between “us” and “them.” The “we” indicated all those afflicted by suspected adverse events, and all those taking a critical stance on HPV vaccination. The “they” were all those in favor of HPV vaccination, particularly the health authorities, pharmaceutical companies, and the Danish Cancer Society. Based on the study findings, it can be concluded that HPV vaccination skepticism is mediated through discourses that are personal, epistemological, social, or political, and value-laden in nature. Dealing with one of these dimensions alone, for example treating HPV vaccination skepticism as an information deficit or as a partisan issue, may risk missing the point entirely.

Moral injury, an experience of betrayal or transgression of moral values, continues to receive attention because of its associations with psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder and suicidality. There is growing recognition that moral injury may require novel interventions that involve religious or spiritual paradigms. This pilot study presents feasibility data and exploratory outcomes for 40 veteran participants across seven cohorts who participated in a novel 12-week moral injury group (MIG) over 35 months. The MIG was cofacilitated by a Veterans Affairs chaplain and psychologist and designed to reduce distress and improve functioning in individuals with histories of morally injurious experiences from military service. The intervention included a ceremony in which participants shared testimonies of their moral injury with the general public. Recruitment feasibility and retention were high, with participants completing an average of 9.45 (SD = 2.82) sessions of the 12-week group, and 32 participants (80.0%) attending nine or more sessions and the community healing ceremony. Exploratory analyses revealed medium effect sizes, ω2 = 0.05-0.08, for reductions in depressive symptoms, improvements in psychological functioning, and self-compassion after the intervention, with small effect sizes, ω2 = 0.03, in anticipated directions for personal growth and spiritual struggles. The results were not impacted by participant engagement in concurrent psychological treatments. Taken together, these findings support the feasibility of the MIG, the potential merit of an interdisciplinary approach to addressing moral injury, and justification for further research into the efficacy of this approach.

This chapter examines the emergence of betrayal as a central theme in James Joyce’s work and tracks its influence on subsequent Irish fiction. It explains how Joyce saw betrayal everywhere he looked: in Irish history, in the novel as a form, and in his own life. Already apparent in his earliest writings, Joyce’s major work represents a relentless dissection of the anatomy of betrayal in all its shapes and degrees. This obsession, moreover, was to have a lively afterlife in subsequent Irish literary discourse as generations of writers, from Frank O’Connor and Elizabeth Bowen to Bernard MacLaverty and Anne Enright, returned to this theme time and again until, following the economic and ethical crises of the early twenty-first century, society at large learned to speak the Joycean language of betrayal.

In the years immediately prior to, and of, the Second World War textual glimmers of an unnamed Roger Casement can be detected in a preoccupation with the ghostly return of Irish history. As Ireland grappled with what role she could or should play in the (impending) war, a role complicated immeasurably by the precarious border and new Northern statelet, numerous authors grappled with an Irish history compromised by unclear allegiances and betrayal. This chapter uses a collection of mid-twentieth century texts – James Joyce’s Finnegans Wake (1939), Jorge Luis Borges’ ‘The Theme of the Traitor and the Hero’ (1944) and Elizabeth Bowe’s The Heat of the Day (1948) – to map how the interlinking preoccupations of espionage, betrayal and, frequently, sexual intimacy, are deeply connected, implicitly or explicitly, to the haunting spectre of Casement.

This was the first study to examine the experience of parents who discover their child was living with anorexia nervosa (AN), thus fulfilling a critical gap in the eating disorder literature. Gadamerian hermeneutic inquiry was the guiding philosophy and method used to investigate this topic. Dialogues with parents revealed the ambiguity inherent within discovery; the isolation, betrayal, and loss felt by parents; and the complicated family dynamics occurring during the process of discovering one’s child has AN. As such, when discoveries are made, parents play a vital role in the development and functioning of the family’s response to the situation. This research offers health care providers a better understanding of the difficult times parents and caregivers experience when discovering their child has AN.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the media have repeatedly praised healthcare workers for their ‘heroic’ work. Although this gratitude is undoubtedly appreciated by many, we must be cautious about overuse of the term ‘hero’ in such discussions. The challenges currently faced by healthcare workers are substantially greater than those encountered in their normal work, and it is understandable that the language of heroism has been evoked to praise them for their actions. Yet such language can have potentially negative consequences. Here, I examine what heroism is and why it is being applied to the healthcare workers currently, before outlining some of the problems associated with the heroism narrative currently being employed by the media. Healthcare workers have a clear and limited duty to treat during the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be grounded in a broad social contract and is strongly associated with certain reciprocal duties that society has towards healthcare workers. I argue that the heroism narrative can be damaging, as it stifles meaningful discussion about what the limits of this duty to treat are. It fails to acknowledge the importance of reciprocity, and through its implication that all healthcare workers have to be heroic, it can have negative psychological effects on workers themselves. I conclude that rather than invoking the language of heroism to praise healthcare workers, we should examine, as a society, what duties healthcare workers have to work in this pandemic, and how we can support them in fulfilling these.

espanolLos "lugares comunes" extraidos de la Biblia en la literatura han sido usados durante siglos. En este trabajo se revisa como leyendas y pasajes del libro sagrado del cristianismo fueron usados en producciones liricas de indole politica, para persuadir a la opinion publica sobre los sucesos de la Revolucion de 1910 y hasta despues del asesinato del presidente Francisco I. Madero, en 1913, para denunciar la traicion del Ejercito. English"Common places" extracted from the Bible in Literature have been used por centuries. This work reviwes how legends and passages fron the holy book of Christianity wre used in lurical and political productios to persuade public opinion about the events of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 and even after the assassination of the President Francisco I. Madero, in 1913, to denounce the Army's betrayal.

One of the most outstanding poets, novelists and short story writers in American literature is Sylvia Plath (1932-1963). A confessional poet whose texts are genuine in style and subject matter. Death is a dominant theme in the poetry of Sylvia Plath. She had dealt with this topic from various perspectives. Her father''s death left her dejected. Besides, her husband''s betrayal made her more forlorn and desperate. All of these events in her life caused her mental state disorder and this is clear in the poems I chose to analyze, “Daddy”, “Lady Lazarus”, and “Edge”. This paper examines Plath''s depiction of death in her poetry and the illustration of death related to her biography. It also aims at presenting the existence of death in her life and the absence of the fear of death in her poetry as well; which is her observation of death. Moreover, it will examine how Sylvia Plath’s mental state did affect her works and how it is important for the reader to know the background of Sylvia Plath to understand her works. Hence, the paper will start with introducing her style of writing. Then, the paper analyzes the selected poems accordingly. For this purpose, the paper will give a deep dive into the selected poems of the poet’s posthumously poem collection book “Ariel”, and conclude the overall picture of each poem for better understanding the reasons behind the poet’s behaviors. Finally, the paper concludes the findings of the study.

Trust, an essential component of political effectiveness within a country and the international system, always involves risk. Trust introduces benefits such as reducing transactional costs but also carries a risk of self-disclosure. Data from focus groups with 108 upper-level students at three elite Russian universities reveal risk aversion in interpersonal and Internet communication. To detect the prospect of “betrayal” by the other of the expected confidentiality of self-disclosure, they devise tests by which to identify sources to trust or reject. In the real world, as on the Internet, how do risk-averse young elites arrive at interpersonal trust—if they ever do—and how do they navigate the Internet through endless numbers of sites? What criteria do they apply? Do they distinguish between government-generated persuasive-communications sites and others?