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Purpose This paper aims to focus on the basic principle of WO3 gas sensors to achieve high gas-sensing performance with good stability and repeatability. Metal oxide-based gas sensors are widely used for monitoring toxic gas leakages in the environment, industries and households. For better livelihood and a healthy environment, it is extremely helpful to have sensors with higher accuracy and improved sensing features. Design/methodology/approach In the present review, the authors focus on recent synthesis methods of WO3-based gas sensors to enhance sensing features towards toxic gases. Findings This work has proved that the synthesis method led to provide different morphologies of nanostructured WO3-based material in turn to improve gas sensing performance along with its sensing mechanism. Originality/value In this work, the authors reviewed challenges and possibilities associated with the nanostructured WO3-based gas sensors to trace toxic gases such as ammonia, H2S and NO2 for future research.

Aim: To improve management of the posterior urethral valve (PUV) in children in a hospital environment. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study that covered a sixteen (16) years period, from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2017, In pediatric surgery and urology departments of our teaching hospital, 26 cases of posterior urethral valve (PUV) were involved. The diagnosis was made by retrograde urethrocystography and micturition, supplemented by ultrasound. Results: During this period, 26 patients (1.7%) had a PUV. The mean age of the patients was 73, 2 months with extremes ranging from 6 to 180 months. Fifteen patients consulted for dysuria, 8 for complete retention of urine. Only one patient had a history of rolling the valves to the benign ones. The main complications found were urinary tract infection in 15 children, urolithiasis in 3 children and renal failure in 2 children. Two children had serum creatinine values of 50 and 58 mg/L. The lamination of the posterior urethral valves was performed in all patients. In our series, we had one death from chronic renal failure in a 6-year-old child with a bilateral mute kidney at IVU. Conclusion: The valve diagnosis of the posterior urethra is made late because the diagnosis is still postnatal.

This article is aimed to study the thermal energy transport phenomenon caused by heating the porous cavity at left vertical wall as well as an internal heating by a strip of varying length near the cooling surface. The internal heating strip that varies in length is kept at x = 3L/4 of the cavity where L is the overall cavity length. Finite element method is at the core of solution techniques which is employed along with triangular shaped elements. The solution is arrived by following an iterative method that depends on satisfying the equations to a predetermined error level. It is ensured that the results are accurate enough to predict the phenomenon under study. The main aim of the study is to understand what happens when the heating element is placed towards the right vertical surface. The results are described for physical and geometrical parameters of the problem being considered.

Many attempts to predict sports using historical data have been made, but people continue to outperform computers in predicting sports outcomes. There are various trading firms that specialize in sports research and forecasting. They track their data with sophisticated software and statistics algorithms, but they still have experts reviewing games by hand in some cases. In this paper, we recommend that the package have a transition time for live cricket and football scores. For cricbuzz school cricket and ESPN football games, we use the API. The programme displays live scores for all games, including T20, test matches, IPL, one-day international tournaments, and all football matches. The software is written in python.

For this research, a 5 KW standalone wind and solar power combined system is developed, manufactured and ground tested. The dimension of this transportable device is width= 8 ft, 5 in, depth =∼ 8 in, 4 in, and height = ∼ 38 ft. This device comprises of four solar panels (120 watts), a wind turbine (1.5 KW), a solar charge controller, remote power storage, battery and battery control. Without the need for a grid, this hybrid device can be used in highways, and various other applications. A summary and characterizations of this device and the photovoltaic data collected in the month of April (Mangalore) are provided. To further increase the performance of solar panel technology, this device can be used. The plan of construction the hybrid energy tower is simple. The hybrid energy tower is a combination of vertical wind axis turbine to obtain wind energy and solar panel to obtain solar energy. The tower is placed in between the divider and the automobile on the roadway, which, owing to its velocity, creates a significant amount of air. The solar panel is utilized for producing energy and is also mounted in a manner which deflects the air from the automobile to the turbine. To produce power, the generator and the gear systems are attached to the shaft of the wind turbines. So it is possible to get a portable solution to energy issues.

In the present scenario, the requirement for energy has been increasing in a distressing rate and the availability of the energy resources are not abundant for sustainable development and the need of the hour is to establish an economical pollution free inexhaustible energy resources to compensate the increasing demands. Since, walking is the most common activity in human day to day life, whenever a person walks he exhausts energy to the ground which goes as a waste. In order to preserve and make use of this energy we are converting it into electrical energy using piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric effect is utilized by piezoelectric sensor producing output energy in the form of AC voltage. To produce energy in a large extent, in this model implementation of the piezoelectric sensor network along the footpath is carried out which is given to the lane of streetlights along with it the smart shoe is implemented for a small production that consists GPS tracking. In this proposed work model, GPS tracking has been added and also streetlights switching technique comparing with existing model.

Background: Neurocognitive decline and depression are the most common unaddressed but noticeable adverse consequences linked with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) which can affect work performance, social functioning, and quality of life. It is significant to explore both cognition and mood disorders in OSA, as there is adequate evidence in the literature supporting the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the management. Aims and Objectives: The aim was to assess the neurocognitive profile and depression in patients with OSA in our center. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in a tertiary care center between January 2017 and January 2018. A total of 92 patients with an established diagnosis of OSA (by polysomnography) were included in the study. All patients were given questionnaires for the assessment of neurocognitive function and depression scoring. Results: Out of 92 OSA patients, 29 (31.5%) had normal cognition, 43 (46.7%) had mild cognitive impairment (CI), and 20 (21.7%) had major CI. Out of twenty patients with major CI, major attention deficit was observed in 17 (85%), memory impairment in 16 (80%), verbal fluency was affected in 13 (65%), deficit in language skills was observed in 7 (35%), and visuospatial abilities were affected in 17 patients (85%). Out of 92 OSA patients, 21 (22.8%) had depression and 71.4% of them were females. Conclusions: OSA is an independent risk factor for both depression and neurocognitive decline. It is highly recommended that patients with OSA should be screened for both, so as to provide better clinical outcomes.

Background and Aims: Simulation is one of the important learning tools when it comes to skill acquisition and as a supplemental tool for training in high stake situations like COVID-19. The aim of this study is to meet the global requirements of knowledge on ventilatory management, prepare and to evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching module for non-anesthesiology trainees on COVID-19 patients. Methods: Quasi experimental cross sectional pilot study was conducted with a sample of twenty-six trainees. A teaching module was prepared and validated which consisted of lectures, audio-video sessions, demonstrations with hands-on training, debriefing, analytical-phase and reflection. Pre and Post evaluations from student t-test and direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) were used for knowledge and skill assessment respectively and feedback obtained from Likert's score. Results: Pre- and Post-tests had a mean score of 7.42 ± 2.12 and 14.92 ± 2.9 respectively (P value 0.00001). DOPS included 16 point score, in which 23 trainees (88.4%) met the expectations and above expectations as per training objectives. A five-point Likert's score feedback revealed satisfactory and highly satisfactory scores of 100% (ABG), 96.1% (mechanical ventilation), and 84.6% (ventilation in COVID-19 patients). Overall satisfaction for the workshop among respondents was 100 per cent. Confidences of handling scores were 84.5% (interpreting ABG), 65.3% (maneuvering mechanical ventilation), and 96.15% (intubation in COVID-19 patients). Conclusion: A planned teaching module in ventilation management helps to train non-anaesthesiologists more effectively as a part of COVID-19 preparedness. Simulation with debriefing based training to the medical fraternity is the best alternative in the present pandemic and it will also ensure the safety of health care professionals.

Three different antennas such as corner cut inset-fed dual-band slot, inset-fed dual-band slot and inset-fed microstrip antennas are presented. These antennas will find applications in Bluetooth/WLAN, Personal Communications service (PCS) and Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). The antenna simulations are carried using HFSS. The inset-fed antenna is proposed to operate in frequency range of 2.35GHz to 2.42GHz, which finds application in WLAN. The proposed inset-fed dual-band slot antenna is considered among 1.6GHz to 1.64GHz and 2.38GHz to 2.43GHz. By modulating the proper position of slot, the corner cut inset-fed dual-band slot antenna is proposed to operate among the frequency range for lower band as 1.74GHz to 1.78GHz and 1.92GHz to 1.97GHz and for upper band as 2.38GHz to 2.43GHz. The experiment is also carried out for inset-fed microstrip antenna. A comparison among simulation and measured results are presented in this paper.

of wireless network is vital research area for the researchers and scientists. This work demonstrates a deep study of security levels in Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). This study includes different security schemes of WLAN like Security Aware Packet Scheduling Algorithm (SPSS), Automated Security-Aware Packet Scheduling (ASPS), Bio-cryptic Security-Aware Packet Scheduling (BSPS), Enhanced Bio-cryptic Security-Aware Packet Scheduling (EBSPS), Enhanced Merged Bio-cryptic Security- Aware Packet Scheduling (EMBSPS) and Multi Merged Bio- cryptic Security-Aware Packet Scheduling (MMBSPS). To analyze the performance of the each algorithm some simulations were conducted by considering different parameters like Security Level (SL), size of Wireless Data Packet (WDP), Speedy Authentication (SA) and Load- on- network Switch (LOS). The simulations were performed using Matlab and Network Simulator-2. Finally our experiment result concludes that, each algorithm has got its own advantages and limitations.

Security and quality of service are two major problems in wireless communications. This work concentrated on improving the security levels for Enhanced Bio-cryptic Security- Aware Packet Scheduling-Algorithm (EBSPS) and also the fast communication between Wireless Node (WN) and Advanced Radius authentication server (ARAS). This paper introduces a novel Enhanced Merged Bio-cryptic Security- Aware Packet Scheduling-Algorithm (EMBSPS). Simulations were conducted using the Matlab and EMBSPS is compared with the results of present EBSPS and BSPS. To accomplish better Quality-of-Service (QoS) in WLAN, it is substituted with the existing EBSPS with novel EMBSPS. This EMBSPS Algorithm assures the finest concert in improving the security levels and speeds up the authentication process. Lastly, simulation result proves that proposed model is performing finer than the present algorithm in terms of the quality of service. General Terms

Melioidosis which is known to be endemic in South-east Asia and Northern Australia is a treatable infection and is more common than currently appreciated. It is now expanding rapidly to other regions of the world predominantly in the Indian subcontinent. The key for successful management of this disease lies in facilitating rapid and accurate diagnosis by expert personnel and timely selection of adequate sensitive antibiotics. We present here a series of three cases of melioidosis involving lung and pleura along with clinico radiological and treatment details. [J Med Allied Sci 2019; 9(1.000): 36-39]

Resume Objectif Analyser les aspects epidemiologiques, anatomocliniques, chirurgicaux et evolutifs des complications urologiques de la chirurgie gynecologique. Patientes et methodes Il s’agissait d’une etude retrospective, concernant 81 patientes hospitalisees dans le service d’urologie du CHU de Brazzaville de 2000 a 2008 pour complications urologiques de la chirurgie gynecologique. Les parametres epidemiologiques, diagnostiques, chirurgicaux et evolutifs ont ete analyses. Resultats Les complications urologiques de la chirurgie gynecologique etaient retrouvees chez 3 % des patientes hospitalisees en urologie. L’âge moyen etait de 37 ± 14,52 ans (17et 74 ans) la mediane etait de 36 ans. Le delai moyen de diagnostic etait de 15 jours (0 et 350 jours). Les signes cliniques revelateurs etaient : l’oligoanurie ( n = 12), l’incontinence urinaire ( n = 57), la douleur lombaire ( n = 9) et l’hematurie cyclique ( n = 2). Les interventions chirurgicales en cause etaient : la cesarienne ( n = 50), l’hysterectomie ( n = 26), la myomectomie ( n = 3) et l’hysterectomie pour cancer ( n = 2). Les lesions observees ont ete 55 (67,9 %) fistules vesico-vaginales, 12 (14,8 %) ligatures ureterales, huit (10 %) fistules uretero-vaginales, trois (3,7 %) fistules vesico-uterines, deux (2,4 %) plaies ureterales et une (1,2 %) fistule vesico-vaginales et uretero-vaginale. Le traitement avait consiste en une ureterorraphie termino-terminale, 20 reimplantations ureterovesicales, 57 cures de fistules vesico-vaginales et une nephrectomie. La guerison avait ete obtenue chez 96 % des lesions ureterales et 90 % des fistules vesico-vaginales. Conclusion Les lesions de l’uretere et de la vessie etaient souvent rencontrees au cours de la chirurgie gynecologique. La prise en charge necessite des connaissances de l’anatomie du petit bassin.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common all over the Indian subcontinent, with a prevalence of 70-100% in the general population. Vitamin D deficiency has a role in several diseases of the respiratory system including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Studies have shown that vitamin D deficient COPD patients have lower lung function measured by FEV1. We conducted a study to see prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in COPD patients and it’s correlation with Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad, Telangana during the period of one and half year. This included 104 COPD cases attending outpatient department of pulmonary medicine. Serum vitamin D levels were measured, and spirometry was done in all patients and data was analyzed accordingly.Results: Among 104 patients, 87 were males and 17 were females. Most of the study population (44.2%) was aged between 60-70 years. Mean BMI was 26.40 (±5.77) kg/m2. Majority of study populations (66.34%) were in GOLD stage 1 and 2. The mean Vitamin D value of the study population was 20.77±11.74ng/ml. Majority of the COPD patients were vitamin D deficient (69.2%). 25.0 % was severely deficient of vitamin D. The mean FEV1 volume (%) was 83.15±11.53, 60.97±17.47, 30.71±7.96 in sufficient, deficient and severe deficient patients.Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is common in COPD patients. Serum vitamin D deficiency increases with increased severity of COPD. There is positive correlation between serum vitamin D levels and post bronchodilator FEV1 (%).

Background: In India, patients visit a number of hospitals generating a lot of paper-based records, which are gradually lost with time. Because of this loss of health records, proper monitoring of health care in India is almost unendurable. Proper monitoring of ADR and prevention of antibiotic resistance cannot be efficiently fulfilled. So, in order to fulfil the health needs of Indian citizens, an integrated health care system like EHR is necessary. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study on barriers and benefits of EHR with their solutions was performed in five multispeciality hospitals in Rajamahendravaram city of Andhra Pradesh. A total of 102 individuals were involved in study. Results: Benefits of EHR were evaluated, in which individuals felt it beneficial for effective treatment during emergency conditions. Rating of EHR-related barriers showed individual barrier and financial barrier as major barriers in implementing EHR. The individual barrier, which consists of lack of belief in EHR, was the main barrier faced; rating the solutions for individual barriers and implementing a backup plan in the system will be helpful to regain lost data. Discussion: Based on participants’ perspective, it was considered that the lack of knowledge and experience with using computers was the main barrier of all. This could mean that hospitals have low knowledge of using EHR systems. Conclusion: We should be aware that successful EHR system implementation consists of more than just implementing a single system. Overcoming current and potential difficulties to these implementations, which are significant factors, is needed for implementation to succeed.

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease involving multiple organs. Most commonly affected organs are lungs, followed by skin, lymph nodes. Hematological manifestations of sarcoidosis are uncommon and may include hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, peripheral lymphopenia but severe thrombocytopenia is very rare. Our patient presented with petechial rash, papular skin lesions and had severe thrombocytopenia. Skin biopsy showed granulomatous inflammation without necrosis with good clinical, radiological and hematological response to oral prednisolone. [J Med Allied Sci 2018; 8(2.000): 94-97]

Our previous article (Part I) discussed the theoretical and experimental study of the performance boost obtained by a cooking vessel with central cylindrical cavity on lugs when compared to that of a conventional cylindrical vessel on floor/lugs. This article compares the performance of the cooking vessel with depressed lid on lugs with that of the conventional vessel on lugs. A mathematical model is presented to understand the heat flow process to the cooking vessel and, thereby, to the food material. It is found from the experiments that the cooking vessel with depressed lid results in higher temperature of the thermic fluid loaded in the cooking vessel compared to that of the thermic fluid kept in the conventional vessel when both are placed on lugs. Similar results were obtained by modeling the process mathematically. The average improvement of performance of the vessel with depressed lid is found to be 8.4% better than the conventional cylindrical vessel.

The performance of conventional box type solar cookers can be improved by better designs of cooking vessels with proper understanding of the heat flow to the material to be cooked. An attempt has been made in this article to arrive at a mathematical model to understand the heat flow process to the cooking vessel and thereby to the food material. The mathematical model considers a double glazed hot box type solar cooker loaded with two different types of vessels, kept either on the floor of the cooker or on lugs. The performance of the cooking vessel with a central cylindrical cavity is compared with that of a conventional cylindrical cooking vessel. It is found from the experiments and modeling that the cooking vessel with a central cylindrical cavity on lugs results in a higher temperature of the thermic fluid than that of a conventional vessel on the floor or on lugs. The average improvement of performance of the vessel with a central cylindrical cavity kept on lugs is found to be 5.9% and 2.4% more than that of a conventional cylindrical vessel on the floor and on lugs, respectively.

A pulsed power amplifier that achieves stringent spectral requirements at RF frequencies by significantly reducing the side band radiations using a squared cosine pulse modulation scheme is proposed. The scheme compliance the requirements of MIL STD 291C, an interface standard for Tactical Air Navigation, TACAN signal. The Squared Cosine baseband is generated using an FPGA by employing a Look-Up table based method. The digitally generated samples from FPGA are passed through a DAC followed by a reconstruction filter for its smoothening. High slew rate Opamp followed by a power MOSFET further amplifies the pulse level and current drive requirements, to implement drain modulation of GaN based RF power amplifier. The designs are tested on a developed board with integrated power amplifier in the frequency band of 1025MHz to 1150MHz in step of 1MHz. The test results are matching with theoretical and simulated results.

Meckel's diverticulum is the commonest congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal tract. Hemorrhage, obstruction and inflammation are the three main categories of complications resulting from Meckel's diverticulum. Spontaneously perforation of Meckel's diverticulum is very rare and mimics acute appendicitis. We report a case of 26 year-old male, who presented since 5 days worsening abdominal pain predominantly in the right iliac fossa associated with high grade fever. On physical examination his abdomen was distended with guarding and rigidity. A provisional diagnosis of appendiculaire peritonitis was made. Our patient had an emergency laparotomy, where a perforated Meckel's diverticulum and advanced peritonitis were discovered. A diverticulectomy with ileostomy were performed. Heterotopic mucosa of diverticulitis was confirmed on histopathology. The patient made an uneventful recovery postoperatively and ileostomy reconstruction was done two months later. This case report is an interesting and unusual case of Meckel's diverticulum complications and highlights the importance of considering Meckel's diverticulum as a differential diagnosis in every patient presenting with acute abdomen.

Computational intelligence techniques are proved to be outperforming compared to standard statistical techniques, specifically when dealing with large, unbalanced and high dimensional data. In this paper we present an enhancement approach for improving the performance of decision tree using Support Vector Machine (SVM) when dealing with unbalanced data. The proposed approach modifies the available training data according to the predictions of SVM and this modified training data is then used to train decision tree. As the dataset at hand i.e. COIL data is highly unbalanced with 94:6 class distribution ratios, we also employed various standard sampling techniques for extensive analysis. Based on sensitivity measure, it is observed that the proposed approach enhanced the efficiency of decision tree exceptionally well. Other intelligent methods can be tested in place of DT.

This paper introduces a method for the supervision and control of devices in electric substations using fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks. An automatic knowledge acquisition process is included which allows the on-line processing of operator actions and the extraction of control rules to replace gradually the human operator. Some experimental results obtained by the application of the implemented software in a simulated environment with random signal generators are presented.