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We aimed to examine the correlation between Internet addiction and sleep disturbance symptoms among students. Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used. The students with addictive Internet use were more likely to have difficulty in falling asleep and night awakenings. Problematic Internet users and addictive Internet users were found to sleep significantly less than avarage Internet users. A significant positive correlation between daily sleep duration and IAT and weekly Internet use was found. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative and independent association of IAT with daily sleep duration. These results indicate an association between the Internet addiction and impaired sleep.

We aimed to show the effect of osteoporosis on sleep quality in 59 postmenopausal women. The participants’ bone-mineral density levels were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). According to their DEXA results, participants were divided into two groups as osteoporotics and controls. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate sleep quality. Fourteen osteoporotic women (43.8%) and four controls (14.8%) were “poor” sleepers (p < 0.05). Postmeno-pausal women with osteoporosis scored greater on the “sleep latency” and “sleep duration” components of PSQI than controls. According to the findings of our study, osteoporosis is a risk factor for poor sleep quality in postmenopausal women.

Sir: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), or dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder characterized by preoccupation with an imagined defect in one's appearance. Alternatively, BDD may involve a minor physical abnormality, but the concern is regarded as grossly excessive.1 Most patients with BDD show repetitive behaviors, such as mirror checking, requests for reassurance, and skin picking, which resemble obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) compulsions. Studies using psychometric scales found that dysmorphophobic patients were more “obsessoid” and reported higher scores on the Leyton Obsessional Inventory than healthy controls.2

WOS: 000329864600008 PubMed: 23952625 The purpose of this study was to investigate Internet use patterns and Internet addiction among adolescents and to examine the correlation between Internet addiction and eating attitudes and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted among 1,938 students, aged between 14 and 18 years. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and a sociodemographic query form were used to collect data. According to the IAT, 12.4% of the study sample met the criteria for Internet addiction. A significant positive correlation between BMI and the IAT (r=0.307; p0.05). No relationship was found between the EAT and the IAT and duration of weekly Internet use. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant independent association of the IAT with BMI (r=0.235; p

WOS: 000305769000002 PubMed: 22000475 Purpose: This study aimed to investigate Internet use patterns and Internet addiction among young adult university students and to examine the correlation between excessive Internet use and dissociative symptoms. Methods: The study was conducted among 1034 students, aged between 18 and 27 years. Internet Addiction Scale, Dissociative Experiences Scale, and a sociodemographic query form were used in the collection of data. Pearson correlation analysis, the t test, and chi(2) test were used for data analysis. Results: According to the Internet Addiction Scale, 9.7% of the study sample was addicted to the Internet. The Pearson correlation analysis results revealed a significant positive correlation between dissociative experiences and Internet addiction (r = 0.220; P < .001) and weekly Internet use (r = 0.227; P < .001). Levels of Internet addiction were significantly higher among male students than female students (P

Lithium is a widely used mood stabilizer, which may cause cardiac side effects. In this article, we present the case of a 39-year-old woman who had presented with pre-syncope and developed multiple ECG abnormalities that are caused by lithium intoxication and are disappeared after hemodialysis. © 2008 Canan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

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WOS: 000183769800004 PubMed: 12811674 Objective: While in most healthy persons dexamethasone administration suppresses cortisol synthesis from the adrenal cortex, such suppression is not usually observed in patients with depression. We set out to investigate whether the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) reveals any neurobiological relationship between fibromyalgia (FM) and depression related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Method. To discover a relationship between depression and FM we performed the DST in 2 0 FM patients with depression, 26 FM patients without depression and 20 healthy subjects serving as a control group. Results: Compared with the control group the cortisol level was found to be significantly higher in response to the DST in FM patients with depression (p = 0.03; z: -2.165), but not in those without depression (p = 0.15 3 ; z: -1.429). The cortisol level was not found to be statistically significant when patients with FM without depression were compared with the control group (p = 0.249 z: -1.152). In 7 FM patients with depression the DST failed to suppress cortisol; this was statistically significant compared with FM patients without depression (p = 0.014) and the control group (p = 0.008). Among FM patients without depression cortisol was not suppressed in one case. Cortisol was suppressed in all the controls. There was no statistically significant difference in cortisol suppression between FM patients without depression and the control group (p = 1.00). Conclusion: Our findings show that the DST reveals no neurobiological relationship between FM and depression related to the HPA axis.

WOS: 000185080500019 PubMed: 12923337 Paradoxical therapy consists of suggesting that the patient intentionally engages in the unwanted behaviour such as performing compulsive ritual or wanting a conversion attack. In this study, the subjects were selected by the emergency unit psychiatrist from patients who were admitted to the emergency unit with pseudoseizure. The diagnoses was based on DSIVI-IV criteria. Paradoxical intention was applied to half of the 30 patients with conversion disorders; the other half were treated with diazepam in order to examine the efficiency of the paradoxical intention versus diazepam. In both groups the differences of the anxiety scores at the beginning of the study were found to be insignificant (z=1.08, p=0.28). Of the 15 patients who completed paradoxical intention treatment, 14 (93.3%) responded favorably to paradoxical intention. On the other hand of 15 patients who completed diazepam therapy, 9 (60%) responded well to therapy and 6 patients carried on their conversion symptoms at the end of 6 weeks. Paradoxical intention-treated patients appeared to have greater improvements in anxiety scores (z=2.43, p

Introduction Self-image is developed by the way in which adolescents think, feel and behave and it arises from the person's body image during preadolescence. problematic A considerable amount of literature published so far on Internet addiction reveals that it is a worldwide phenomenon. Objectives Internet use involves an individual's inability to control his or her use of the Internet, negative consequences (e.g., failing in school, decreased productivity), and marked distress and/or functional impairment Until now, no studies were performed to investigate the relationship between Internet addiction and self-image. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate Internet addiction among adolescents and to examine the correlation between problematic Internet use and self-image. Methods We assessed 1912 high school students, aged between 14 and 18 years. Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Offer Self- Image Questionnaire (OSIQ), and a sociodemographic query form were used in the collection of data. Results According to the IAT, 201 students (10.5%) were found to be a ‘problematic Internet user’ or an ‘Internet addict’. The students with Internet addiction scored lower on all subscales of OSIQ (impulse control, emotional tone, body image, social Relations, vocational and educational goals, family relations, mastery of the external world, emotional health and superior adjustment), except sexual attitudes. A significant negative correlation between daily OSIQ subscales and IAT and weekly Internet use was found. Conclusions The results of this study showed that Internet addiction was related to the development of the self-image, which is a crucial psychological structure gained in adolescence.

Introduction It is widely accepted that obesity is a major public health problem in the world. The rapid rise in prevalence suggests environmental factors are responsible. Increased use of information and communication technology is also reported to be associated with increased rates of obesity. Objectives Although many studies have analyzed the impact of televison viewing on obesity, the association of excessive Internet use with body mass index (BMI) has heretofore been evaluated only in relatively few studies. Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate Internet use patterns and Internet addiction among adolescents and to examine the correlation between problematic Internet use and BMI. Methods The study was conducted among 1938 students, aged between 14 and 18 years. Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Eating Attitudes Test, and a sociodemographic query form were used in the collection of data. Results According to the IAT, 10.5% of the study sample was a ‘problematic Internet user’ or an ‘Internet addict’. A significant positive correlation between BMI and IAT (r = 0.307; p Conclusions These results indicate an association between the Internet addiction and BMI. Further studies are needed to describe the causality of this association.

Introduction Sleep quality is a relevant dimension with regards to sleep-wake functioning, and poor sleep quality has been found to be associated with poor academic achievement and health. Objectives Internet use has been identified as having a detrimental effect on sleep patterns. Studies, however, on the relationship between Internet overuse and physical health or sleep problems have been rarely performed (5,6). Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate Internet addiction among adolescents and to examine the correlation between problematic Internet use and sleep disturbance symptoms. Methods The study was conducted among 1956 students, aged between 14 and 18 years. Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and a sociodemographic query form were used in the collection of data. Results The students with Internet addiction were more likely to have difficulty in falling asleep (p Conclusions These results indicate an association between the Internet addiction and impaired sleep. Further studies are needed to describe the causality of this association.