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The interest in the use of natural materials by construction professionals has been growing as the concern with designing buildings with low environmental impact arises. For this reason bamboo is an excellent choice, as this material has a high resistance parallel to the fibers, is light and has a great capacity to incorporate CO². Given the context described above, this article aims to analyze the constructive techniques in bamboo culms in two works of architectural relevance: Max Feffer Cultural Center (Brazil) and Casa Serra Grande (Brazil), by architects Leiko Motomura and Simón Vélez. For this, field visits were made for a better understanding of bamboo connections, analysis of photographs, files, 3D models and bibliographical research regarding the material. The study helps to understand and reflect on the constructive components of bamboo in architectural projects, highlighting the association between the traditional elements of fittings, associated with the technology available today, such as the grout associated with screws, clamps and spacers.

The entire process of the Lianhuadang Farm Project, that is, from early-stage investigations to the completed construction, was documented. This project is a graduate design–build course of the School of Architecture of Southeast University. Dingshu Town, Yixing, which has a long handicraft tradition in eastern China, is the project site. Students and craftsmen constructed six viewing facilities and renovated a toilet and a management building. We explored ways of using bamboo and traditional craftsmanship by analyzing the main teaching procedures and the key technical issues in the project. We also studied contemporary methods to expand the construction in real environments. Finally, the significance of bamboo construction for architectural design teaching was examined. Keywords: Bamboo tectonics, Design–build course, Craftsmanship

Sustainable architectural education is offered in colleges and universities all over the world. Studies have emphasized the importance of sustainable architectural education in introductory courses of architecture major programs, but methods and strategies for teaching sustainable architecture at lower levels are scarce. This study focuses on the design-to-physical-construction process and creates a teaching framework that incorporates the concept of sustainable development from the perspectives of sustainable economy, environment and society. Based on the teaching method of learning through the design-to-physical-construction process and referring to the grounded theory, a case study on a bamboo construction project was conducted to explore approaches and strategies of sustainable architectural education in introductory courses. Results reveal that five systems, including the system of sustainable development, consist of a framework that illustrated the teaching effects. Based on the framework, we discovered five factors that should be considered in incorporating the concept of sustainable development into architectural design teaching, including the necessity of conducting sustainable architectural education in introductory courses. This study helps explore the potential role sustainability plays in incorporating interdisciplinary knowledge, connecting specialized knowledge across different program levels, and motivating student learning. It also provides a reference for the practice of sustainable architectural education.

Bamboo forest distributes largely in Hot-Humid climate regions, where the local application of bamboo in building industry possesses multiple potentials such as high-value utilization of bamboo resources and improvement of building sustainability. To support the application of bamboo in building envelope, the paper carried out study on the bamboo construction design optimization in Hot-Humid climate region. For bamboo as a hygroscopic material, the coupled heat and moisture process model was adopted for the hygrothermal performance study of bamboo construction. With 4 groups of meteorological data from 2 representative cities in the Hot-Humid climate region of North America as external conditions, exterior walls were constructed in WUFI Plus and the coupled heat and moisture process simulation was performed. Based on the statistical analyses of a large sample of simulation results, scientific laws for promoting the parameter optimization were generated, for which the simulation results were grouped to the indicators on three level, including annual exterior walls hygrothermal performance, indoor hygrothermal environment and HVAC demand. Factor impact analyses were carried out to investigate the effect of the partition boards, thermal insulation infill and air layer arrangement. Hygrothermal performance design optimization suggestions were generated, in terms of material and construction parameters optimization, which would support the climate adaptive design of bamboo building envelope in Hot-Humid climate region.

This scoping review explores the bamboo construction situation in Pakistan, including the species available, where they grow, built examples, perceptions, barriers to their use and the potential of the material, aiming to enable state-of-the-art use of bamboo in the country.

Some traditional habitations, which are vanishing with urban expansion, are sustainable. Linpan contains abundant and excellent construction skills, especially that of using bamboo materials, reflecting the architectural wisdom of local village craftsmen. This paper focuses on the activation of traditional bamboo construction techniques under the background of sustainable urbanization in a logical sequence of "extraction–evolution–activation". Through a literature review and field investigations, this paper preliminarily extracts the typical bamboo techniques in Linpan, such as bamboo roofs, walls, and window lattices. Then, this paper uses SketchUp and BECS software to conduct qualitative and quantitative analyses on bamboo construction techniques and their corresponding building performances. Although the heat conductivity coefficients of bamboo materials are relatively low, the thermal performance of traditional bamboo roofs and walls are still poor, due to the absence of the heavy construction layer. To inherit sustainable architecture and preserve rural memory during rapid urbanization, this study introduces a modern bamboo material—bamboo steel, analyzing its properties and construction methods. Finally, this research practices the activated bamboo construction techniques in the design stage of BambooUp, namely the Chengdu Bamboo Culture Exhibition Center. This project is also a medium to further demonstrate and inherit excellent bamboo construction skills.

Bolt joint is one of the common joineries in a modern bamboo construction. The usage of the bolt joints in bamboo joinery are believed to be the most efficient therefore the bolt joint was used regardless of the various kind of different forces in every bamboo joinery. One of the disadvantage of the bolt joints in bamboo construction in the force that flow parallel to the bamboo fibers therefore some of joineries needed to be strengthen to prevent the joinery failure. The Great Hall OBI Eco Campus is one of the building which the joineries entirely connected by the bolt joints, through different forces in every joinery some of the joinery in the building are strengthen by rope. The bolt joints have many other combinations to strengthen the joinery that could be an option, they are bolt joint with clamping and with mortar injection. Key Words: Bolt Joint, parallel forcee to the bamboo fiber, strengthen by rope, “The Great Hall” OBI Eco Campus, Clamping, Mortar Injection

This manuscript summarizes the experience of the Sino-Italian “Bamboo #Pavillon Contest_A contest for a Pavilion in Bamboo Technology” held between the Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria (Italy) and the College of Civil Engineering of Nanjing Tech University (China) in 2018. The contest for the pavilion to be realized with bamboo technology was divided into three phases. The first one was aimed at identifying the best project idea among those presented from students of Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria. The second phase was comprised of both the technical design and the construction of the bamboo pavilion by the students of Nanjing Tech University. The last phase consisted in the closing ceremony of the contest held at the Zhejiang University - University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign Institute. Particularly, the goal was the design of a temporary exhibition pavilion to be realized with bamboo structures, such as GluBam, an eco-sustainable building material also light and flexible but solid and resistant. The bamboo pavilion was realized and completed during the summer of 2018 and now it is a good example of a temporary structure made of engineered bamboo.

The INBAR Construction Task Force (TFC), facilitated by INBAR since 2013 and officially established in 2014, helps to coordinate activities of international research institutes and commercial companies interested in structural uses of bamboo. Prior to the task force’s initiation, there was little coordination or communication between individual research teams or commercial companies working on this subject. Currently, the TFC consists of a core group of 28 experts from 18 countries, aiming to serve as the world’s premier information and knowledge repository on structural uses of bamboo. In the past four years, the TFC has contributed many achievements including: standardisation work for structural uses of bamboo; high quality peerreviewed publications; international projects; consultancy services; international conferences; and capacity-building for the bamboo construction professional.

Bamboo based materials are opening new construction possibilities, being used as structural materials for large scale buildings. In this work, vernacular construction using bamboo is analysed as to understand what are the design principles that may be applied for different scenarios, whereas industrialized bamboo materials are studied as to propose solutions for the limits that vernacular construction poses. With this information a set of properties of bamboo as a natural and transformed material is obtained and a hierarchical matrix with different scales is proposed to allow designers to associate a product to its potential uses. Therefore, the main result of this work is a state-of-the-art where it is promoted the elaboration of an array of possibilities that includes a hierarchical database and allows the search for future solutions anticipating probable human and technical constraints on today's and tomorrow's structures., Programa Operacional Temático Factores de Competitividade(PTDC/ECM-EST/1072/2014), info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Bamboo is a fiber-reinforced bio-composite with superior structural behavior. The hollow structure as well as the gradient distribution of bamboo fiber is the embodiment of the superior bamboo construction. To validate this, tensile tests were performed on bamboo test specimens. The volume fractions of bamboo fiber and parenchymatous ground tissue along the radius of the culm wall were scanned and calculated. The elastic moduli of bamboo fiber and parenchymatous ground tissue were estimated, according to the linear equations obtained by regression analysis. With the equivalent volume, a numerical hollow model and solid model were built to make comparative analysis on their mechanical behavior. For the purpose of verifying the advantage of fiber gradient distribution, models, which were composed of fiber and parenchymatous ground tissue with different fiber distributions, were built for comparative analysis. Results show that under the condition of using the same material, the hollow structure as well as fiber gradient distribution of bamboo possess excellent mechanical performance of bamboo structure.

This article introduces a bamboo building constructed by the team from Tongji University in the Louna International University Construction Competition. It introduces the design strategies on how the building responds to the local natural environment. Based on the study of ecological design, this article aims to discuss the value of bamboo and its ecological significance as a kind of building material. After analyzing this construction as the theme of “camping device” in Louna, Guizhou, China, it discusses the strategies and methods of architectural design from three aspects: regional building materials, terrain environment and regional climate. Under the guidance of the ecological design principles, it also wants to explore the design principles and methods of the bamboo materials. Afterwards, combined with this camping equipment, this article not only shows the process of bamboo structure design from concept design to detailed study, but also has a brief study of bamboo structure, bamboo node and bamboo skin. In the design process, we think about the design itself, and thus to dig the role of bamboo construction in response to the natural environment in Guizhou province.

The background of designing Bamboo Foundation in Boyolali is the emergence of human’s awareness to save the environment especially in the use of eco-friendly building materials. Unfortunately these phenomenon is used by several parties to gain much profit by producing materials and labeling their product with eco-friendly label and then sell them in a very expensive price. Because of the phenomenon then occur an idea to persuade the society to use eco-friendly materials but in a cheap price and good quality which is bamboo. Along with the finding of bamboo preservation and processing methods ,it shows that bamboo has a big potential to be used as main material in a construction. So the existence of Bamboo Foundation to provide education about bamboo for the society. The designing problem is not only how to develop the bamboo preservatives and processing education but also about the conservation of various bamboo species based on the application of sustainable architecture in Bamboo Foundation design. The method used is architectural design method that combine various bamboo construction structure with the application of sustainability architecture. The result is the design of a bamboo education facilities consists of gallery, class, workshop, bamboo conservation, and supporting buildings that also use as a precedent for the visitors. Keywords: Bamboo, Conservation, Education, Sustainable Architecture.

Taking advantage of local abundant bamboo resources in the South of China, build green bamboo building. Full text does bamboo construction eco-resolution analysis from building materials, architectural surface, structured methods and modular assembly to create a "rain-home-bamboo" eco-living units, and ecological communities in virtuous circle.

An experimental study of the pushover behaviour of a bamboo portal frame structure is reported. The objective of the study is to begin to establish an engineering basis for non- or marginally engineered bamboo construction appropriate for vernacular construction. The prototype frame used grouted bar column base connections and multiple single bolt culm to culm connections to affect the lateral resistance of the portal frame. The results of the pushover test revealed unanticipated column base behaviour. Therefore, a tangent study of the behaviour of single- and four-culm grouted bar column bases was performed. Through these experimental studies, the physical behaviour of the prototype structure was established. Finally, an analytical model, suitable for simple engineering environments is demonstrated and validated using the experimental results.

A temporary theater has been constructed by the villagers for the New Year Rite of Damine Kannon Temple using bamboo and Hinoki logs since the end of Edo Period. This article surveys the building construction system and construction process. Bamboo construction easily sags down as time goes by although the theater roof must be maintained in a certain height. Estimating the sagging, the villagers has devised the suspending structure by balanced Hinoki logs. The theater is really instant building as it is easily built by a several hours and dismantled soon after the rite.

Bamboo is a construction material that has great potential to be utilized as structural material on building construction. Bamboo available in variety length and high strength-weight ratio that make it ideal to be used as main structural component of buildings, such as column, beam, floor, partitions or trusses structural elements. High strength bamboo material can not be fully utilized due to the constraints in the connection system. The connection system adopted in joining bamboo elements on bamboo construction significantly influences the strength as well as behavior of the structure. The existence of nodes at the end of bamboo culms may improve the strength of connection. In practice, however, it is nearly impossible to have all bamboo element with nodes at the end of bamboo culms. Therefore in design of strength bamboo connection should be based on condition of end bamboo culms without nodes. In this research, analytical method considering two strength criterions is verified with result from experimental work. Results of research show that shear strength is the smallest strength among others. As bolt is used as connector in bamboo connections, shear strength commonly serves as critical criterion that determines the connection strength. This paper presents the result of study aiming at determination of minimum distance of bolt to the end of bamboo culms without node. Tests conducted by giving tensile force on the bolt with certain distance based on the analysis of shear strength and bearing strength of bamboo. The results showed that the critical distance of bolt to end of bamboo culms without node is 4-5 times the diameter of bamboo. Two main criterion of connection failure, namely shear and bearing failures are considered.

While the earthquake resistant building design and construction code has been developed in sophisticated national/city level, the implementation at the local level has been more of an exception than the rule. Other than concrete and steel, one such material that can be used in construction in the seismic zone area of the developing countries like India, especially in the northeast states, is bamboo, where bamboo is available in abundant. Bamboo’s light weight and relative flexibility make it a particularly attractive alternative for residential construction in seismic regions. Compared on a mass-per-volume basis to concrete, steel and wood, bamboo is second to concrete for strength, and ranks first for stiffness. As strong as mild steel with the compression strength of concrete, amazingly, one inch of bamboo can hold up to 7 1/2 tons of weight. This present study is an attempt to implement bamboo construction in Manipur which is regarded as one of the most seismically active regions worldwide. In this work, a bamboo housing system and a reinforced concrete frame structural system was modeled using finite element analysis program SAP, considering the model structures to be taken from the types of building that is built in Manipur. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the seismic performance of the structures and El-Centro Earthquake and Kobe Earthquake recorded excitation are used for input in the dynamic analysis on the models. The study has revealed that the bamboo structures are performing better in earthquake than the commonly built RC residential building. The behavior of the bamboo structure modeled in this present study gives an opportunity to accept bamboo as a construction material in seismic zone areas.

Bamboo in Indonesia grows rapidly and is ready to be used after three to five years of planting. Bamboo has a pipe-like cross-section and excellent mechanical properties, especially tensile and compressive strength with a specific gravity varies from 0.55 to 0.75. Thus bamboo is now becoming an important sustainable construction material, especially in rural areas. One crucial issue in bamboo construction is the connection system where failure of the connection develops at low level of loading associated with bamboo splitting. In this study, seventeen single-bolted bamboo joints in total were prepared. Four joints are loaded in perpendicular loading direction, and the rest are loaded in parallel loading direction or overlap connections. These joints were a double-shear configuration of bamboo Wulung ( Gigantochloa atroviolacea ) connected by 12-mm bolts and were tested under a quasi-static load. Some of them were reinforced with natural fiber (Indonesian name, “ijuk”) and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). The results showed that a significant increase of joint slip modulus and load carrying capacity was found in the joints reinforced with FRP. The wrapping effect caused by FRP sheets successfully postpones the bamboo splitting failure, while in the case of joints reinforced with natural fiber ijuk, this increase is negligible.