Search

The majority of the literature on the transformation of cultural promotion space in old residential areas in the United States and abroad is written from the top-down perspective of God, such as architects, planners, developers, and even government officials, and only a few of them examine the designer’s work from the perspective of aborigines. To sample life and gain insight into human nature, find another means to be as near to the public as possible, listen to the voice of users, and conduct an in-depth examination of the freestyle works altered by the old residential districts through the “people’s architectural planner.”

Good dietary quality among pregnant women is critical for maternal and fetal health. The primary objective of our study was to analyze the dietary quality of pregnant woman and its influencing factors. Pregnant women were enrolled using a multistage, stratified, random-sampling method in Shanghai. We used a personal food frequency questionnaire and a household condiment weighing method for dietary assessments. Participants' scores on the China Healthy Diet Index (CHDI) were analyzed to evaluate diet quality. Significant differences in the median daily intake of almost all food types were found across all trimesters, and all food types were found across all residential areas (urban, suburban and rural). The median of total CHDI score was 71.6 in all subjects, 71.1 in early pregnancy, 71.5 in middle pregnancy and 72.3 in late pregnancy. The results of uni-variate analysis showed that significant differences in CHDI scores were found across trimesters and residential areas. Eighty one point six percent of participants scored below 80 points, indicating general or poor dietary quality. Logistic regression models showed that participants in early and middle pregnancy had lower scores than those in late pregnancy. Women in urban areas had higher scores than those in suburban and rural areas. Most of pregnant women living in Shanghai suffer from a general or poor dietary quality. Education on balance diet should be strengthened to guide pregnant women in making reasonable food choices and intake, especially those living in suburban and rural areas and those in their first and second trimesters.

Cyber village is a residential area in RT (neighborhood association) 36 in the tourist area in Tamansari Yogyakarta. It has recognized image as an information technology based region with good internet network. Internet technology at the cyber village is slowly changing the behavior of the citizens from the social, economy, culture and tourism aspects. The behavior changes on the social, economic, cultural and tourism aspects affect the spatial setting at Tamansari "cyber" village to become a unique tourist area. The methods used in this research were Qualitative Research through observation to identify phenomena that occur, interviews, and literature studies that were analyzed by behavior setting method. The results of this research showed that changes in the image of the region influence the citizens’ behavior that finally creates certain spatial settings to meet the needs for space which could accommodate the village potentials, covering the social, economic, tourism and cultural potentials.

Coronavirus disease 2019 brings about the economic damage and loss of life. Thus, demand of personal protective equipment continues to increase, consequently an increase in infectious equipment pollution. Most of these wastes threaten the environment and increase the spread of diseases. This paper provides a research hypothesis whether effective medical waste management would prevent the possible impacts of coronavirus disease 2019-related waste issues on environment at the city level. To confirm this hypothesis, installation of waste treatment centre is addressed. Then, by incorporating uncertain waste generation amounts utilizing Jimenez method, a pickup routing is addressed to decide the pickup routes between the waste treatment centre and residential area. This study is first to assign the optimistic, realistic and pessimistic scenarios of the uncertain waste generation using time series analysis method and waste generation formulation. Also, L-type matrix is used to define, assess and prioritize the environmental and operational risks on waste generation formulation and to provide risk reaction strategies. Practicality of these approaches is illustrated in the case of Turkey. The computational results reveal the effectiveness of the integrated method, which ensures practical and theoretical insights controlling the waste generation to prevent virus propagation for health authorities.

Nowadays, there are a lot of ongoing construction projects at nearby existing building and residential area. Each construction will have many effects such as environmental effect and damage effect on the existing infrastructure and building. The effects of construction activities include piling work to existing infrastructure or building produce settlements and cracks. This effect is usually caused by vibration effect from construction work. This study represents a research on the effect of vibration during piling installation that is generated by hydraulic piling machine for drainage located at construction site as damage object. All the data were recorded by Labview Signal Express Software and analysed by Microsoft excel. The result from the analysis of the relationship between the vibration with the distance showed that the vibration decreased when the distance increased. Other than that, it showed that all the vibration values were lower that the vibration limit.

Autonomous vehicle technology and its enabled mobility services are evolving at a more rapid pace than the understanding of the infrastructure required for them to be efficiently and safely implemented. This has not been systematically investigated in literature or practice. This research makes exploratory efforts to investigate this research area by examining and evaluating the infrastructure requirements needed to support autonomous vehicles. It formulates an infrastructure change guideline and an evaluation framework to prioritise the safety, efficiency and accessibility when integrating autonomous vehicles alongside conventional vehicles and multimodal users such as public transport commuters and pedestrians. The case study results show that for different type of regions, being a regional commercial and transportation hub in a residential area and a regional CBD street in a multimodal and spatially limited area, different arrangement and trade-offs can be made. Promisingly, the proposed guideline and framework work sufficiently, and serve as a first step towards a more systematic guideline for autonomous vehicle integration. The outcome of the research consists of a review of approaches that can guide urban planners and other users to understand and prioritise the implementation of autonomous vehicles.

Since one and half years, the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus (disease caused is Covid-19) has ruined the entire humanity in unimaginable ways, whether it is economy or unemployment or children mental health disorder or large number of deaths. There is no country in the world which is not affected by this virus. In some countries, this pandemic is coming in the form of outbreak such as first wave of pandemic then after some gap period, second wave of pandemic. In country like India, the second wave of corona pandemic has crippled the economy, public health safety and at the same time put a big question on the health infrastructure of entire nation whether it is availability of oxygen cylinders, or testing facility, hospital bed or ventilators. The actual number of patients who can get affected had not been estimated correctly. This poses more problems due to asymptomatic nature of the expression of COVID-19 on individual basis. Tragically, for developing countries like India with high population density, the situation has been more complex. Additionally, more amount of waste from the Covid affected population goes to effluent water, waste water coming out of residential area, hospitals, isolation centres and so on. In this review article, we have focused on presence of corona virus and infection transmission through effluent water in country like India with huge number of population and also provide further scope in research to inform future studies. Keywords : SARS- CoV-2, COVID- 19, Waste water, Sewage, Developing countries.

Residential area greenness may influence diabetes, but limited studies have explored this relationship in developing countries. This study assessed the association between residential area greenness and diabetes among urban adults in Bangladesh. The mediation effect of the body mass index (BMI) was also assessed. A total of 2367 adults aged ≥ 35 years were extracted from a nationally representative survey. Diabetes was characterised as fasting plasma glucose level be ≥ 7.0 mmol/L or taking prescribed medications to reduce blood sugar level. Residential area greenness was estimated by enhanced vegetation index. Binary logistic regression models were employed to estimate the association between residential area greenness and diabetes adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether BMI mediated the association between greenness and diabetes. Greater area greenness was associated with lower odds of diabetes (adjusted odds ratio 0.805, 95% confidence interval 0.693–0.935, p = 0.0052). BMI significantly mediated 36.4% of the estimated association between greenness and diabetes. Presence of areas of greenness adjacent to living area tends to be associated with lower diabetes prevalence. Findings emphasised the importance of preserving the local environment to tackle the growing diabetes prevalence in Bangladesh.

Paper’s objective is to save time for district heating (DH) companies, which are new to the Geographic Information Systems-supported (GIS) modelling and optimizing heat consumption profiles; also to suggest specific guidelines for the system operation within a residential area. A specific case of the real DH network was simulated. A two-stage programming model combining the optimal design and operation of a DH pipe network was developed. We designed an aerial image of the testing area (modified from Google Map by means of QGIS) and to forecast the building thermal energy consumption, we used a pre-collected data set representing the heating season in Omsk, Russia. Weekday and weekend day were taken as the periods for forecasting. Actual profiles and the simulated data were compared. The error differs slightly for both forecasts regardless of a weekday or a weekend day it is. The obtained results are important because the simulation allows to cut off the peaks at 2:00 and 7:00. The error increases when the optimized values differ greater from the heat consumption basic profiles and vice versa. There are clearly visible local peaks induced by the domestic hot water (DHW) use and a manual temperature setting through a weekday. This leads to a larger inconsistency in relation to a weekend day. It is proposed to optimize the system operation, its objective is to minimize the daily heat energy consumption, annual total fuel demand consumption and the annualized cost of the network.

Introduction. The problematic environmental situation in the industrialized territories requires precise management decisions to ensure the excellent quality of atmospheric air to protect public health. Information on the atmospheric air quality is based on data from various monitoring systems: socio- hygienic, environmental, production control, as well as the results of control measures carried out by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) and Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation (Rosprirodnadzor)). Materials and methods. The analysis of normative permissible emissions, sanitary protection zones projects, the results of socio-hygienic and environmental monitoring, production control, as well as carried out own laboratory, and instrumental laboratory studies of 130 samples of atmospheric air in the sanitary protection zone of the chemical industry enterprise and the nearest residential area. The research was based on the North-West Public Health Research Centre and the chemical-analytical centre “Arbitrage”, D.I. Mendeleev Research Institute for metrology. Results. According to various monitoring systems and the results of own research, on the territory of residential buildings, the concentrations of pollutants did not exceed the MАC, mainly corresponded to the design values. However, the ammonia content in the atmospheric air on the territory of the nearest building to the enterprise exceeded the calculated design values by three times. At the border of the industrial site of the enterprise for ammonia and diPhosphorpentaoxide, concentrations comparable to the MАC were recorded, while hydrochloric acid and gaseous fluorides were not detected either at the border of the industrial site or in the nearest residential development. Conclusions. The programs of air quality control monitoring are based on the research and analysis of the project documentation. The developed scheme for monitoring atmospheric air can be applied to assess atmospheric air quality in areas around mineral fertilizer production enterprises. Contribution: Gorbanev S.A. — the concept and design of the study; Markova O.L. — collection and processing of materials, writing text; Yeremin G.B. — the concept and design of the study, writing text, editing; Mozzhukhina N.A. — the concept and design of the study, editing; Kopytenkova O.I. — writing text, editing; Karelin A.O. — editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version. Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Acknowledgment. The study had no sponsorship.

One of the residential areas that have a densely populated settlement is Pelambuan Village, West Banjarmasin. Pelambuan Village is a slum area with medium and low categories. Rapid population growth also affects the growth of illegal residential buildings on land that is not privately owned. From several settlement conditions formed in Pelambuan Village, it is necessary to analyze residential buildings and settlement areas formed based on three physical aspects: building, environmental, and legal aspects. This study aimed to determine the factors that affect habitability and degradation of environmental quality and perform analysis to determine a treatment plan that needs to be taken for occupancy and problematic areas occupancy can meet the requirements habitability. Analysis and distribution of questionnaires provided several factors that affect the decline in the quality of habitability of buildings and residential areas. From the building aspect, it was found that what caused the residential building to be declared quite feasible with repairs was the condition of the building, which was quite good. However, it needed repairs to several building components, and on the environmental aspect, the factors that made the Pelambuan residential area decreased in quality were the irregularity of the building and inadequate infrastructure. In legality, the problem factor is buildings that stand illegally on the company and government land. Research results are given based on aspects that include, for the building aspect is the addition, repair, and change of the appearance of the building. It is planned to repair, procure, and replace parts of roads in the environmental aspect. It is planned to tighten supervision on licensing and supervision of building construction.

A city is a residential area that is physically indicated by a group of houses that dominate the layout and have facilities to support the lives of its citizens independently. In order to optimize urban development, the use of urban space needs to be directed into a city spatial plan consisting of spatial structure and spatial patterns. Data collection methods in this study using observation techniques and data analysis methods in this study using qualitative descriptive. The final result of this research is the condition of the existing spatial structure in Medan Baru District, which has met the service needs in Medan Baru District. However, there must be added facilities that are still lacking in certain areas. The structure of Medan Baru District is close to the concentric concept, the pattern of urban development is in the middle of Medan Baru District as the central area city ​​and spatial structure model of Medan Baru Subdistrict when viewed based on centers service that is approaching the multi-nodal space structure model which consists of one center and several sub-centers and sub-centers which are connected.

Urban areas are generally in the form of housing with narrow land. The purpose of this activities was to use narrow land for farming with verticulture techniques. The activity was held in Puri Zahara 1 Residence, Medan Tuntungan District. which is a residential area with narrow land. The method used was to provide training to housewife to be able to utilize the land with verticulture techniques. Housewives was briefed in order to be able to use the land using existing materials, especially verticulture techniques. The material used in verticulture techniques was paralon. The result of this dedication is that the community can utilize small land, especially in residential areas with verticulture techniques to plant flowers or vegetable crops, so that the house becomes greener and livelier. With this verticulture technique, more vegetable or fruit crops can be planted. some plants planted include lettuce, water spinach, flowers

It is estimated that more than 27,200 of Malaysians’ deaths annually are related to smoking. Majority of the smokers start smoking at the early age, smoke more than 15 years and spend less than RM 100 for cigarettes in a month. So, this study aims to determine the trend of smoking among smokers in a residential area in Dengkil, Sepang, Selangor. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Malaysian, aged more than 18-year-old with a combination of stratified, systematic and simple random sampling. Respondents who fulfill the inclusion & exclusion criteria were interviewed using a validated questionnaire and data were analysed using SPSS. The prevalence of current smoker was 23.5% with higher among male (50.7%), single (31.0%) and self-employed (44.1%). Peer pressure plays important role in either to start or to quit from smoking. It is important to increase awareness program primarily in educational institutions such as schools and colleges. Keywords: smoking, trend, prevalence, sub-urban, Selangor, Malaysian.

In today's empirical studies on sustainability, researchers still rely on the concept of "triple bottom lines" (economic, social, and environmental), which are influential in covering development issues. However, this concept has limitations for specific cases, such as regional, local, and sectoral levels. One sector that should adopt sustainability principles is the residential area in the suburban area. The academic discourse on sustainable residential area (SRA) is still requiring extensive research, especially on generating reliable and valid indicators. In the policy arena, particularly in Indonesia, an accurate indicator of measuring SRA is not available. Thus, this study intends to develop and validate the SRA indicators. The "citizen-led" approach was used in this study to observe 332 households spread in the cities of South Tangerang, Tangerang, Depok, and Bekasi. These cities are spatially located in the hinterland of Greater Jakarta. Households are divided into residential and non-residential area households. By extending into a literature review, this study develops 51 SRA indicators grouped into economic, social, environmental, infrastructure, technology, and governance parameters. Moreover, using structural equation modelling with a confirmatory factor analysis approach, this study generates 36 valid and reliable SRA indicators. This study provides that the model could be considered a structure and system that enhances the SRA.

Городские инфраструктуры – важные основания городской жизни и городской политики. Кризис больших политических программ с их абстрактными целями и неопределенными временными горизонтами способствовал формированию политик повседневности, центральным пунктом которых стали городские инфраструктуры. Ее отсутствие, ненадлежащее состояние или дефицит является предметом переговоров между различными городскими агентами и основанием их противостояния. Центральный вопрос статьи: как именно жители новых районов отстаивают свои инфраструктурные требования, тем самым нарушая привилегию властей и девелоперов на развитие масштабных инфраструктурных проектов. Статья основана на материалах полевого исследования, проведенного в 2019–2020 гг. в новом жилом районе Подмосковья. Отстаивание надежд и оспаривание привилегий властных агентов происходит благодаря созданию горожанами динамичной, насыщенной событиями аффективной среды, в которой (вос)производится идея должного состояния инфраструктуры. Эта среда формируется одновременными действиями жителей на разных площадках, которые связываются согласованной версией происходящего, артикулируемой через локальные цифровые гражданские медиа – тематические группы в ВКонтакте, Инстаграм, Telegram, созданные и контролируемые местными жителями. Идея долженствования, предлагаемая и отстаиваемая местными жителями, основана на базовом аргументе о необходимости инфраструктуры, разделении ответственности за ее создание между властями, девелоперами и местными жителями. Последние рассматриваются как основная движущая сила изменений, создатели требований, на основе которых оцениваются происходящие события. Создание динамичной, содержательно и аффективно насыщенной среды, которая становится способом давления на власти и девелоперов, происходит за счет множества действий местных жителей на различных (иногда взаимоисключающих) аренах, подчиненных общей цели – отстаиванию их интересов. В процессе онлайн-коммуникации, разворачивающейся в локальных цифровых медиа, наиболее активные местные жители вовлекают в процесс своих соседей. Общими усилиями происходит «расколдовывание» логики создания инфраструктуры и передел ответственности различных агентов, апелляция к эмоциям и общему знанию о районе. Хотя влияние горожан на развитие материальных инфраструктур оценить сложно, можно утверждать, что их усилиями создается и успешно развивается гражданская инфраструктура.

This research aims to develop a GIS-based simulation for choosing the best location for a solar farm in Binh Thuan province, which is in the low, hilly-mountainous region of South-Central Vietnam. Four groups of criteria (climate, location, land use, and orography), which include eight criteria (solar radiation, land surface temperature; distance to substation, main road, residential area, historical and tourism sites; land use; and slope) are considered for the site selection. Moreover, these criteria are divided into twenty-four sub-criteria which indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each criterion. A method of analytic hierarchy process, then, is applied to determine the relative weight of each group, criterion, and sub-criterion. Furthermore, based on a calculated land suitability index score, a map with four categories of very advantageous, advantageous, rather advantageous, and disadvantageous areas for solar power farm development was also created. Finally, the developed model can be used for supporting planners, managers, policy makers, and local government to make decisions on suitable and effective planning strategies for solar power farm site selection and can be applied anywhere around the world.

Block-scale application of photovoltaic technology in city is becoming a viable solution for renewable energy utilization. Rapid urbanization process has made urban buildings have huge development potential for solar energy in China, especially in residential areas that occupy large parts of the city. However, the residential blocks in China show differences in the morphological layout and parameters, which means they have diverse potential for solar energy development. This paper studies the effect of quantified morphological parameters on solar potential for residential blocks in Wuhan, China. The distribution characteristics of solar potential in different block environments are discussed. Various strategies are evaluated in terms of the installation position and height of PV modules. The results showed that floor area ratio, building density, average building height and building interval have significant impact on solar potential for residential block, and their correlation can reach 75%, 71%, 78% and 72% respectively. The average PV installation ratio of roof, south facade and west facade can reach 96%, 32% and 39% respectively. The results of this paper not only provide a reference to the block-scale application of PV technology in urban environment, but also stimulate the implementation of photovoltaic policies on various residential blocks in China.

The rapid development of technology coupled with the increases in population led to requirement of raw materials. For that reason, the largest quantity of production is needed but the large production causes significant social, economic and ecological consequences regarding a sustainable mining activity. Preserving the relevant balances reveals the necessity of developing sustainable projects after mining. Thus, development or sustainable development should be defined not only as increasing the welfare level, but also as protecting human rights, political rights and ecological balance, and leaving a liveable world to future generations. Herewith present study, Tuzluca rock salt mine was been assessed. Due to being located on the Silk Road, Tuzluca (Igdir, Turkey) rock salt mine with its rich reserves and tenors has been of great economic importance since ancient times. Within the areas of this salt mine, the production is still being carried out but the relevant and safe areas are under project for salt therapy purposes. Due to the unique properties of the salt mine and underground air, and its therapeutic ability potential, these areas have been assessed for health tourism, viz. Speleotherapy and Halotherapy center. These treatments are known to be very beneficial for respiratory tract, ear, nose, throat and skin diseases within the framework of complementary medicine applications. However, we should herein note that mining activities carried out might bring significant consequences regarding the social and ecological structures of the region. With the ongoing increase in mining activities, it has enabled the necessary investments, employment, education, trade and infrastructure for the residential area to develop over time. Along with the present project, we have aimed at developing and providing a sustainable prosperity and a safe future after salt mining activities, also aiming at making significant contributions to the region.

Kota Baru Parahyangan residential area, located in Padalarang sub-district of Bandung, has the quality and coverage of 3G and 4G cellular services that are not optimal, thus it has become a complaint of customers to the cellular providers. Therefore in this article a camouflage tower or Outdoor Distributed Antenna System (ODAS) is designed, which is a unique concept that helps in prividing connectivity in location where conventional tower construction is not permitted due to various regulations. This camouflage tower design aims to increase the number of cellular antennas but with minimal costs, land and human resources. In addition, this camouflage tower design has a high aesthetic value to be implemented in these elite residential areas. From the design and implementation results for 4G, the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) value is 70% at a value> -90 dBm and Signal-to-Interference Noise Ratio (SINR) 70% at a value> 5 dB according to the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) provider standard, while for 3G the Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) value is 70% at a value> -78 dBm and Ec / No> -12 dB. This shows that the quality and coverage both of 3G and 4G cellular services in this region have reached the target cellular providers.

The article discusses the features of the transfer of residential premises for the integrated development of the residential area into state or municipal property, and also provides a comparative analysis with the seizure of residential premises on land plots seized for state or municipal needs.

This article discusses the task of developing an urban planning methodology for assessing the degree of destruction of residential areas aff ected by hostilities in Syrian cities. This methodology will be the basis for the theoretical substantiation of the process of restoration the destroyed residential areas of the cities and their functional planning organization in the context of ongoing military confl icts. The research is based on the methodology for assessing the degree of destruction of buildings presented in GOST R 42.2.01-20141 « Civil defense. Assessment of the state of potentially dangerous facilities, defense and security facilities under the infl uence of damaging factors of conventional weapons» .The state of the buildings destruction is determined using satellite imagery as well as fi eld tests. The parameters of the damaging factors are determined analytically. The developed methodology makes it possible to determine the degree of destruction of residential areas within the radius of destruction formed by the excess pressure of the blast wave and the explosives used and to assess the suitability for recovery in the context of continued hostilities. On the basis of the established degree of destruction of residential areas, a scheme of urban planning zoning of the residential area of Homs was made.

Emission inventories are important for both simulating pollutant concentrations and designing emission mitigation policies. Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is the biggest city in Vietnam but lacks an updated spatial emission inventory (EI). In this study, we propose a new approach to update and improve a comprehensive spatial EI for major short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) (SO2, NOx, CO, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), PM10, PM2.5, black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), NH3, CH4, N2O and CO2). Our originality is the use of satellite-derived urban land use morphological maps which allow spatial disaggregation of emissions. We investigated the possibility of using freely available coarse-resolution satellite-derived digital surface models (DSMs) to estimate building height. Building height is combined with urban built-up area classified from Landsat images and nighttime light data to generate annual urban morphological maps. With outstanding advantages of these remote sensing data, our novel method is expected to make a major improvement in comparison with conventional allocation methodologies such as those based on population data. A comparable and consistent local emission inventory (EI) for HCMC has been prepared, including three key sectors, as a successor of previous EIs. It provides annual emissions of transportation, manufacturing industries, and construction and residential sectors at 1 km resolution. The target years are from 2009 to 2016. We consider both Scope 1, all direct emissions from the activities occurring within the city, and Scope 2, that is indirect emissions from electricity purchased. The transportation sector was found to be the most dominant emission sector in HCMC followed by manufacturing industries and residential area, responsible for over 682 Gg CO, 84.8 Gg NOx, 20.4 Gg PM10 and 22 000 Gg CO2 emitted in 2016. Due to a sharp rise in vehicle population, CO, NOx, SO2 and CO2 traffic emissions show increases of 80 %, 160 %, 150 % and 103 % respectively between 2009 and 2016. Among five vehicle types, motorcycles contributed around 95 % to total CO emission, 14 % to total NOx emission and 50 %–60 % to CO2 emission. Heavy-duty vehicles are the biggest emission source of NOx, SO2 and particulate matter (PM) while personal cars are the largest contributors to NMVOCs and CO2. Electricity consumption accounts for the majority of emissions from manufacturing industries and residential sectors. We also found that Scope 2 emissions from manufacturing industries and residential areas in 2016 increased by 87 % and 45 %, respectively, in comparison with 2009. Spatial emission disaggregation reveals that emission hotspots are found in central business districts like Quan 1, Quan 4 and Quan 7, where emissions can be over 1900 times those estimated for suburban HCMC. Our estimates show relative agreement with several local inherent EIs, in terms of total amount of emission and sharing ratio among elements of EI. However, the big gap was observed when comparing with REASv2.1, a regional EI, which mainly applied national statistical data. This publication provides not only an approach for updating and improving the local EI but also a novel method of spatial allocation of emissions on the city scale using available data sources.

Ecological Footprint (EF) assessment helps to identify what activities are having the biggest impact on nature and opens up possibilities to reduce our impact and live within the means of one planet. The introduction of EF has been very necessary for the context of Bangladesh especially in the industrial areas such Gazipur as the endless demand and the unplanned consumption pattern of the population here have been producing a very unsustainable situation. Thus this study intends to initiate it by calculating the Ecological Footprint of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), one of the important residential area of Gazipur and major consuming areas of that city as a sustainability indicator. Basic equation for assessing EF has been done according to Nunes et al. (2013). EF has been calculated for these components: energy, food, waste and building material consumption. Questionnaire survey has been conducted to gather information about consumption pattern for different components in the households of BARI residential area. The study also identified consumption of natural gas for household purpose as the most contributing factor in the footprint of BARI residential area followed by waste, building materials and electricity consumption. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 143-149, 2019

The study was conducted to explore the effect of computer-assisted instructions developed by the researchers on environmental education of secondary school students. The study was conducted on the sample of 640 secondary school students studying in class IX of Amritsar district. The study employed a pre-test / post-test equivalent group experimental design. Results revealed that Computer Assisted Instruction as a technique was more effective in creating a positive attitude towards prevention of environmental pollution among students. The CAI is effective in generating environmental awareness among secondary school students. They are also independent of the residential area of the students for generating environmental awareness among secondary school students. However, they are dependent on the type of school and gender for generating environmental awareness among secondary school students.

Bed bugs are of public health interest due to their high anthropophilia, with Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus representing Cimicidae species of greatest relevance. In Brazil, infestations with C. lectularius have occurred in the south and southeast regions; however they have not yet been registered in the northeast. Thus, this work aimed to carry out a survey of the species of bed bugs in Rio Grande do Norte based on a historical analysis of service orders from pest control companies, and perform an active search for new infestations. The latter was conducted in areas with high touristic attractiveness in the cities of Natal and Parnamirim, such as host houses, public hostels, commercial areas and residences. A total of 125 specimens of C. lectularius were collected, representing the first record of the species in the northeast region of Brazil. For Natal, 91.7 % of infestations occurred in commercial areas and 8.3 % in residential areas. The only case registered in Parnamirim occurred in a residential area. In addition, no bed bugs were registered for host houses or hostels. Thus, our results demonstrate a possible geographical expansion of C. lectularius in northeast Brazil and indicate close relation of infestations to the tourism activities.

With rapid urban construction and expansion, the space for construction is increasingly reduced. Urban productive landscape originates from living and productive labor. It is a landscape with life, culture, long-term inheritance and obvious material output. The type of productive landscape discussed in this paper is mainly based on the agricultural landscape in urban residential areas, and the agricultural products and agricultural activities are integrated into the landscape design as design elements . For urban residents, there is a strong need to participate in planting activities, taste organic and healthy food, and build harmonious neighborhood relationships. The productive agricultural landscape is integrated into the design of urban residential communities %%%. Promoting the localization of urban food production, and changing the problem of formal design of residential area landscape without features play an important role in promoting the sustainable development of cities. This paper summarizes the concept of productive agricultural landscape, analyzes the feasibility and advantages of its design in residential areas, and finally puts forward some design strategies for productively agricultural landscape in urban residential areas.

Research on the use of autonomous vehicles as a mode of public transport in a city context is lacking. This paper focuses on the use of recently established autonomous buses (self-driving electric shuttle buses) running along a regular public transport line in a residential area of Oslo, Norway. We use a mixed-methods approach based on survey and interview data from two independent studies. The paper examines intentions to use autonomous buses before and after these were introduced in the case area as well as how passengers experience traveling by autonomous bus. Results show that the intention to use the autonomous buses was mostly positive both before and after using them. Most users felt safe while traveling by autonomous bus. Two suggestions for improvement made by the users were to: increase the speed and reduce the abrupt breaking of the autonomous buses. Overall, outcomes from this paper suggest that residents would be willing to use autonomous buses if these offer more frequent bus departures than the existing ones. However, as full automation has not been achieved yet and there is a host on board who can control the vehicle if necessary, passenger experiences and intentions to use should be reassessed with fully automated buses in future studies.

As the traffic infrastructure for collecting vehicle tolls, the capacity of the toll plaza determines the service level of the entire highway. The capacity of a toll plaza is highly correlated with its operating costs, especially in peak periods. In this paper, it is assumed that in a competitive transportation system, the residential area and the workplace are connected by a highway with a toll plaza which forms a bottleneck, parallel to a mass transit line; commuters can choose to travel by car or by public transport. By establishing an equilibrium model and two mathematical programming models, the capacity designs of the toll plaza were studied during the traffic service period to achieve three objectives, namely, the toll plaza breaking even, profit maximization, and total social cost minimization of the transportation system. The travel modal splits were analyzed under travel equilibrium in three situations, respectively. In addition, a bi-objective optimization model was developed to optimize total profit and total social cost, and a Pareto optimization scheme was analyzed. Finally, the theoretical analyses were also verified by numerical examples.

[EN] We are witnessing an increasing need to accurately measure people's mobility as it has become an instrumental factor for the development of innovative services in multiple domains. In this context, several ICT solutions have relied on location-based technologies such as GPS, WiFi or Bluetooth to track individual's movements. However, these technologies are limited by the privacy restrictions of data providers. In this paper we propose a methodology to robustly predict citizens' mobility patterns based on heterogeneous data from different sources. Particularly, our methodology focuses on a human mobility predictor based on a low-resolution mobility dataset and the use of water consumption data as a facilitator of this prediction task. As a result, this work explores whether the water consumption within a geographical region can reveal human activity patterns relevant from the point of view of the mobility mining discipline. This approach has been tested in a residential area near Madrid (Spain) obtaining quite promising results., This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, through the Ramon y Cajal Program under Grant RYC2018-025580-I, Grant RTI2018-096384-B-I00, and Grant RTC-2017-6389-5; in part by the Fundacion Seneca del Centro de Coordinacion de la Investigacion de la Region de Murcia under Project 20813/PI/18, and in part by the "Conselleria de Educacion, Investigacion, Cultura y Deporte, Direccio General de Ciencia i Investigacio, Proyectos AICO/2020," Spain, under Grant AICO/2020/302.

This study uses a spatial analysis of geographic information systems to determine the strategic level of a residential area and office business. The spatial analysis used in this research is travel time range analysis based on road network data. Spatial analysis in the form of distance range and travel time were processed using an overlay technique using ArcGIS software. The problem in this research is how the strategic level of residential and business areas in the city of Semarang based on the analysis of the travel time range of public facilities and based on the potential disasters in the city of Semarang. Meanwhile, the aims and objectives of this study are to determine how strategic a residential area (housing) and an office area are based on the range of travel time and the potential for disaster vulnerability using spatial analysis. Based on the calculation results of this study, the highest score is 15 (quite strategic) and the lowest score is 11 (less strategic). The score calculation is based on the number of each weight of the travel time range to the closest public facilities, namely the travel time range to toll gates, train stations, shopping centers, closest health facilities, closest educational facilities, accessibility, surface temperature, and potential risks flood. The strategic level of an area can be determined based on the range of travel time that has taken into account the congestion estimate. Accessibility is one of the most determining factors in determining distance and travel time. The higher the weight score of a place, the more strategic value the place will be.

Nowadays, security and gardening systems in densely populated residential areas are generally done manually. The security system in housing sometimes places security posts at street corners that are some distance from citizen’s homes thus they cannot be monitored at all times. Whereas other problem of watering system in citizen’s homes, someone has to water the plants one by one that it is not efficient in energy, time and water availability thus that it can reduce the quality of the plants. Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept and method for remote control, monitoring, and various tasks. IoT is connected to a network that it can be accessed anywhere which can make things easier. IoT can be used to solve various problems. One of them is security issues and gardening activities. By using smart home technology, the security system is carried out by placing CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) which can be accessed by the home owner, anytime and anywhere the home owner is located. On the other hand, gardening is one of the most popular hobbies. In this field, IoT can be used to monitor and regulate various things to support gardening activities. In this community service activity, we are proposed a simple automatic gardening system for watering some plants programmatically in Pondok Hijau Indah residence. The system also allows manual human intervention either locally or remotely via the internet to control CCTV and water pumps. To build this smart Home system we will use the Xiaomi Home application from Google Play. In this application, we can set a program to control CCTV and water the plants every day at a certain time periodically, in this case, we set every 7 hours to watering the plants.

In this work, a set of physical, chemical and biological parameters were analysed for Khirisan river from the period extending from December 2017up to November 2018. The samples were selected from three different sites, agricultural, commercial and residential area to assess the water quality of the river for drinking and irrigation purposes. The study showed that a number of diversity factors were recognized which have a direct effect on the quality of Khirisan river. This includes the catchment feeding area of the river, untreated domestic sewage from the restaurants, cafeterias and government buildings which are adjacent to the river. Water quality of Khirisan river, according to the Iraqi and international standards, satisfies the limits of the rules of the drinking purposes for all studied parameters except the values of calcium ions and total hardness value for some rainy months as well as to organic load. The mean values of BOD5 and COD for the three sites were 7.7 and 36 mg/l. In terms of irrigation purposes, the water quality of the river can be considered low to medium damage in terms of salinity and sodium hazards. In terms of chloride risk, there are no toxicity problems to the roots and leaves of the plants. Therefore, it requires a continual intensive water quality monitoring program to reduce its impact.

The activities of local authorities in the sanitary improvement of cities in the West Siberian region are characterized in the article. The author analyzes the sanitary regulations of the self-government bodies addressed to the urban population, identifies their common and distinctive features. Attention is focused on the problem of compliance with the instructions issued by the authorities by the owners of factories, plants, trade shops, public baths, hairdressers and other institutions of urban infrastructure, as well as ordinary citizens. Methods of punishment for violation of the accepted sanitary rules and the effectiveness of their application are considered. The conclusion is made about the intensification of the work of urban self-government bodies in ensuring sanitary order, which was caused by an increase in the rates of economic development of cities, an increase in their population, an acceleration of migration processes and, as a consequence, an unfavorable epidemiological situation, an expansion of the residential area due to the chaotic development of urban outskirts, pollution of water supply sources, the emergence of unauthorized household waste dumps. It is emphasized that the need to solve the problems of sanitary improvement forces the city authorities to seek support from caring citizens, to establish interaction with them, which brings first positive results, contributes to the development of private initiative in improving the sanitary condition of the city economy and residential yards of ordinary inhabitants.

This study analyzes the factors affecting residence duration by household type, considering children and income levels, using residential movement panel data from 2008 to 2017 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, and Cox"s proportional hazard model. The main findings are as follows. First, the residential duration of low-income households with children is shorter than that of high-income households without children. Second, low-income households with children have shorter stays when their incomes decrease, and their household members increase. Third, low-income households without children have shorter stays if they have a lower income and live in larger-dwelling units, in apartments or in Seoul. Therefore, housing stabilization policies should be enforced differently depending on household characteristics. Additionally, these findings suggest that housing policies should be strengthened for households with low-income levels and many children. Housing welfare policies focusing on income, housing size, housing type, and residential area could be enhanced after increasing the housing stability of low-income households without children. These findings show that the factors affecting residential duration differ according to household characteristics. The results of this study could serve to justify various housing welfare policies from an evidence-based approach.

Surabaya has a community called "Pedagang Kue", in Kampung Kue precisely in the densely populated residential area, Rungkut Lor II, Rungkut District. The presence of the community of cake traders in the community originated from people's desire to obtain a better economic level, by making the cake village to economic activity, every morning, 65 cake sellers, mostly mothers, have sold various kinds of traditional cakes in front of their homes, but their efforts are still carried out individually and are not well organized, so the impact has not been seen significantly. So it is necessary to open a network with outside parties, among others, with the Daram Cendika Catholic University Community Service Team.The team makes programs that are currently needed, among others: Making SOPs so that work is more efficient, consistent and minimizes mistakes, simple bookkeeping in addition to being needed to know business development as well necessary instill understanding of the need for financial separation for business and personal needs costs. The public at large needs to know about the existence of a cake trader in a cake village, so we need a means of promotion that is by making brochures and katolok which aim to support the promotion tools that already existed before. The last program as a form of concern for the current situation is the corona virus outbreak, so the team and the residents of the cake village built a series of disinfecting sprinkle spray so that no residents were affected by the virus.

Oil production activities have expanded and the use of chemicals in industry has increased and generated various types of wastes. The main objective of this paper Proposes to determine the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chemical waste in the Iranian Petroleum industry. It is conducted in accordance with international laws and regulations such as RCRA and Basel. There is currently no disposal method for these substances, but the results show that more than 73% of the chemical waste can dispose through sanitary landfill. For the case study, more than 160 hazardous chemical substances were investigated. Due to the nearness of these warehouses to the residential area of Ahvaz downtown, the risk of these materials is higher and should be addressed quickly as possible. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s40201-020-00525-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Jalan Surabaya telah terkenal sebagai kawasan distrik penjualan arloji sekaligus kawasan hunian pecinan yang pada masa Belanda disebut dengan nama Canton Straat. Seiring dengan perkembangan jaman kawasan ruas Jalan Surabaya mengalami degradasi kualitas visual dengan nilai historis yang melekat padanya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menghasilkan konsep revitalisasi kawasan bersejarah Jalan Surabaya dengan pendekatan retrofitting. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, tahapan penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan analisis terhadap berbagai aspek dari kawasan, meliputi fisik, sosial, ekonomi dan budaya. Tiga strategi utama retrofitting digunakan untuk menghasilam model revitalisasi kawasan. Hasilnya penelitian menunjukkan bahwa revitalisasi kawasan Jalan Surabaya dapat ditempuh dengan cara pembangunan gerbang pecinan, ruang terbuka publik dan prasarana angkutan umum; signage, area parkir dan penataan pedestrian; serta konservasi bangunan bersejarah. Agar model revitalisasi dapat diterapkan maka akan membutuhkan dukungan semua pihak, termasuk partisipasi masyarakat setempat.

Noise is an inevitable part of daily life and has been identified as a cause of several health deficiencies across the world. It has increasingly become a significant concern on the health and well-being of people. Studies are required to advance knowledge on the sources and impacts of noise in residential neighbourhoods of Lagos State, Nigeria. Therefore, this study assesses the spatial variation of noise levels within a section of the Festac residential area in Lagos in line with noise limits specified by the World Bank Group International Finance Corporation (IFC) Environmental, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines and the Nigerian National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA) Noise Standards and Control guidelines for community noise. Data for this research come from a field study comprising measurements of noise levels from 6 observation stations and questionnaire survey with 200 respondents. The criteria for siting the stations was based on factors such as proximity to the roadside, land use and population density, while the questionnaire was administered at random to assess the peoples’ level of awareness on the sources and effects of noise. A digital sound level meter was used to measure noise level variations over a period of 3 weeks for morning, afternoon and evening periods. The measured noise levels were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistics and the Kriging Geostatistical interpolation technique. Also, logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between the respondents’ perceptions to noise and noise levels. The results indicated that the mean noise levels were within the approximate range of 53.5 – 94.0dBA over the entire period. The highest mean noise levels occurred in the north-western part of the study area where a bus park is present. In general, the noise levels in the area surpass the recommended noise limit of 55dBA, and the logistic regression showed that morning, afternoon and evening mean noise levels were significant predictors of noise variation as perceived by the dwellers. Proper legislation to regulate human activities with respect to noise generation is highly recommended to the local, state and national legislators.

The pollution of natural waters, both sea and fresh, is a crucial issue all over the world. Most of the large and small rivers, streams, and reservoirs almost in every federal district of the Russian Federation are characterized as polluted and dirty. The Miass River is one of the main among the large rivers in South Ural. The ecological state of the river is characterised as bad. This work assesses a thirteen-year change of water quality in the Miass River and Argazinskoe and Shershnevskoe reservoirs, which are the source of drinking water for the residential area of the Chelyabinsk region. The river water is used to provide the cities and towns of the region, as well as numerous industrial and farming enterprises with water. Besides, effluents are discharged into the Miass river along its whole length. The results of many years of observation have shown, that heavy metals and biogenic substances are the main pollutants for the river. This work aims toanalyse episodes of high and extremely high pollution of the water bodies. Episodes of high and extremely high levels of Cu, Zn and Mn are recorded annually at dam part of Argazinskoe reservoir. Episodes of high and extremely high levels of biogenic elements are recorded for the stretches of the river downstream of Chelyabinsk. Currently, some measures within the project «Clean Water» are planned to improve water quality in the studied water bodies.

Public facilities are part of residential area that is provided by developer for the public interest. The public facilities available at Jeulingke Residence such as road, sanitation, drainage, clean water, and electric network. Based on the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 1 of 2011, and Minister of Public Housing Regulation Number 22 / PERMEN / M / 2008, Jeulingke Residence housing still has inadequate public facilities such as worship place, green area, and waste. The purpose this research to identify indicators of public facilities that provide satisfaction for residents of Jeulingke Residence, and identify dominant factors of public facilities that can provide satisfaction for residents of Jeulingke Residence. Respondents in this study were owners at Jeulingke Residence. The sample in this study was 150 people. The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling. The factors evaluated were infrastructure, facilities, and public utilities. Data processing used validity test, and reliability test, while data analysis used descriptive analysis and factor analysis of Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The results showed that the factors of public facilities that could provide satisfaction for residents at Jeulingke Residence were infrastructure and facilities. The dominant factor of public facilities that gives satisfaction to residents at Jeulingke Residence is infrastructure with a variance of 68.942%. Indicators of infrastructure are road condition, drainage condition, sanitation condition, clean water condition, and electric network condition.

A good skylight environment in urban residential areas is an important component of a healthy city, and has always been highly valued. With the rapid development of new-type urbanization, the density of buildings continues to increase, and megacities have entered the stage of stock transformation. An effective method for evaluating the skylight environment of large-scale urban residential areas is urgently needed. However, there is still a lack of empirical research methods and cases of large-scale residential skylight environment. In this regard, this article takes the megacity Beijing as the research object, and proposes an efficient analysis method of residential skylight environment that integrates multiple real-world data at city scale. In terms of data, it collects and integrates 3D data of urban-scale building space and residential boundary data; in terms of algorithm, Sky View Factor (SVF) is used as the evaluation index of residential skylight environment, and an efficient analysis method of urban-scale skylight environment based on cloud parallel simulation is realized. Through analysis, it is found that: (1) the average SVF value of Beijing residential area is 61%, which means that its skylight quality is in general level; (2) the skylight environment of Beijing residential area is distributed in a circle, and there are 4 types of skylight environment quality residential areas; (3) The skylight environment of Beijing residential area is relatively weakly related to the distance from the residential area to the city center and the average height of the residential buildings, and is closely related to the plot volume ratio, the residential building density and the shading from surrounding buildings. The highlight of this study lies in the empirical research on the skylight environment of mega-city residential areas that incorporates multiple real data for the first time, which can promote the study of skylight environment on a city scale and provide a reference for the updating of Beijing’s residential daylight environment.

Perumahan Bumi Tamalanrea Permai adalah salah satu kawasan perumahan yang terletak di bagian timur kota. Perumahan ini termasuk perumahan yang berskala besar berkisar kurang lebih 74 ribu jiwa. Kompleks perumahan ini memiliki jumlah penduduk yang karakteristik masyarakatnya yang heterogen baik dari segi strata sosial budaya, pekerjaan, maupun tingkat pendapatan.Tujuan penelitian memodelkan bangkitan perjalanan pekerja pada perumahan Bumi Tamanlanrea Permai (BTP) Kota Makassar dengan mengambil kasus perjalanan pada Blok A, B, L dan M. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik penduduk di perumahan BTP (Bumi Tamalanrea Pemai) adalah jumlah anggota keluarga, jumlah kepemilikan sepeda motor, jumlah kepemilikan mobil, jumlah penghasilan keluarga, jumlah anggota keluarga yang bekerja. Pilihan kendaraan pekerja untuk melakukan perjalanan sepeda motor masih menjadi pilihan terbanyak untuk bekerja. Pada perumahan ini bangkitan perjalanan dipengaruhi oleh jumlah kepemilikan sepeda motor, jumlah anggota keluarga yang bekerja dan jumlah anggota keluarga yang bersekolah/kuliah berpengaruh positif terhadap jumlah bangkitan perjalanan.

The city of Surakarta is one of the densest cities in Indonesia. From the Surakarta Central Bureau of Statistics, the population density of Surakarta City reaches 12,000 people per one square kilometre. This certainly affects the magnitude of the increasing demand for clean water resources and the reduction of rainwater catchment areas which can lead to disasters such as floods and landslides. Therefore, a simple, sustainable roof design innovation which is easy to be built, is required, particularly in the residential area. This simple, sustainable roof is designed for a house with type 70/120 and inhabited by four people. The sustainable roof components are an extensive green roof with 5.1 meters long, 2.3 meters wide and 0.8-meter height using sedum grass, an application of rainwater harvesting with a capacity of 22000 litres to supply water demand for the inhabitants, as well as electricity for a pump that uses powered solar panel 100 WP.