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With rapid development of Latino communities and their members’s active involvement in the US social and political life the attitudes toward Latinos (Hispanics) have changed, both from the outside and the inside. The Latino people themselves came to realize their self-identification and, consecutively, the portrayal of Latinos in the media has been altered. In this paper the author argues, that the range of Latino stereotypes has become wider today and that the model that used to work decades ago in picturing Latino migrants is no longer relevant. Thus, the main goal of the study is to mark out and describe the changes that have occurred in the US media regarding the images of ‘Latinos’ (/Latinas). Comparative analysis is the key method in addition to the content analysis of media publications. The empirical basis consists of 80 publications, including digital media footage, published in 2016-2020 (both in English and Spanish languages) – such as the New York Times, The Time, The Washington Post, El Opinion, etc. These newspapers and magazines are considered to be highly influential as they set the agenda, shape the opinion and affect public consciousness. The material of the study also comprises 20 TV episodes related to the coverage of Hispanic issues in the USA. Having analyzed the media content related to the Latino issue (mainstream media, online sources, TV footage), the author comes to a conclusion that the number of roles that are attributed to the Latinos/Latinas has increased significantly and the today’s narrative to a larger degree is aligned with the changes occurring in real life of the Latino community.

This contribution studies the debated terms “politically correct” and “cancel culture” on Twitter and in particular investigates the meaning that people give when they label something or someone as politically correct or indicate a case of cancel culture in the Italian context, where they are not yet widespread as they are in the USA and Britain. A textual analysis of a corpus of tweets selected through a set of hashtags was carried out to identify thematic clusters to understand features and meanings given to these expressions, along with their ways of using in the various situations and contexts. The main results show different meanings of the term, in the negative sense as a limitation of freedom of speech, and in a positive sense as the exclusion of some terms that may offend some people or groups. In this case, the meaning of a word is relative and depends on the situation and context in which it is used. Furthermore, the recourse in the discourses of cancel culture is only rhetorical; there are no actions of cancellation or boycott of someone or something.

Actuality. Our time is characterised by the penetration of egalitarian ideas of Western liberalism and political correctness in the sphere of language. Language, speech, communication practices are reviewed and revised to determine if they are politically correct. Religious and sacred texts of Christianity and Judaism do not stand aside from the careful examination of the followers of the ideas of compiling a politically correct Bible. The purpose of this article is to find out if it is possible to change the texts of English translations of the Christian Bible, from a theological and linguistic point of view, and if it is possible to consider gender-neutral versions of Messianic passages of the English Bible as authentic, suitable for the correct transmission of meaning, i.e. reading, theological and historical analysis, as well as liturgical practice. The object of the research is represented by the texts of several widely used in modern Anglicanism gender-neutral English versions of the Bible: The Inclusive Bible: The First Egalitarian Translation by Priests for Equality (IBFET, 2009); New English Translation (NET, 1998); New International Version Inclusive Language Edition (NIVI, 1995). King James’ Bible original version (KJV) of 1611 edition is used as a reference point. Research techniques include the method of contextual analysis, comparative method, structural method, comparative historical method. Such taxonomic units of sacred Messianic texts as son of God, son of man, the lord, the master, the king, heaven kingdom , constructions of common grammatical gender are analysed. It is demonstrated that in almost all cases of gender-neutral constructions use, the meaning of the text changes: from insignificant changes to the reproduction of openly heretical views from the viewpoint of traditional Anglicanism. Our study shews that gender-neutral language introduces new feminist meanings into Messianic sacred texts, which were not previously contained there. Gender-neutral English translations of the Christian Bible cease to be canonical from the point of view of Christian theology. Nevertheless, gender-neutral philological strategies of modifying the ways of modern Anglican preaching can be an extremely interesting and instructive example of the fact that in the modern world certain social and political discourses can stand behind Christian homiletics.

A theory on the political economy of image production argues that the U.S. film industry, namely, Hollywood, prioritizes financial considerations over racial justice or political correctness. Decisions made in the production and marketing processes are to minimize financial risks, but they often limit the representation of racial–ethnic minority filmmakers and actors. At the same time, Hollywood incorporates foreign-born directors and actors to reach international audiences. This article assesses how Hollywood’s “going global” impacts local racial–ethnic minority politics in the U.S. film business. As a part of a larger study examining the 100 top-grossing films in the United States from 1995 to 2014, we closely examine films where racial–ethnic minorities comprise the majority of the cast or films where minorities are the lead actors. We argue that the incorporation of foreign-born directors and actors undermines U.S. racial–ethnic minority filmmakers’ efforts to tell cinematic narratives from a critical perspective. Also, Hollywood fails to promote black films and black actors based on the assumption that they cannot appeal to international audiences, but our findings illustrate that black films directed by black directors perform well domestically and they show great potential with more support from Hollywood.

In January 2018, Philip Roth said about the #MeToo movement in an interview with The New York Times, “none of the more extreme conduct I have been reading about in the newspapers lately has astonished me” (McGrath). At the height of the #MeToo movement, which had indicted media and business tycoons, as well as political leaders, Roth said that his lifelong novelistic concern in “depicting these men each as he is, each as he behaves, aroused, stimulated, hungry in the grip of carnal fervor” had meant that he had confronted the “hard facts” of such male lustful drives (McGrath). This paper rereads The Human Stain, in which Roth criticizes the effects of political correctness in the enclosed institution of academia, to comment on the perspective of human existence as “inevitably stained” (Roth 242). In rereading the tragic dimensions of the novel, this paper seeks to grapple with the effects of political correctness and the limitations of public opinion (represented through the academic institution, including the flawed feminist scholar Delphine Roux) on the lives of characters like Coleman Silk and Faunia Farley.

The main news Americans were taught about colleges during the last few Bush years was that they had been infected with a galloping moral disease, "Political Correctness." Talking with academics across the country and visiting over twenty campuses in the last year, the author came to think that the charges of PC were fundamentally a smoke screen designed to discredit higher education. The American education system has always, in part, been a means for stratifying society. Schools used to sort students, primarily on the basis of class characteristics, into variously named tracks—college-bound, general, or commercial—or into "ability" groups. Now, colleges are being made to play an increasing role in such class stratification. In sum, colleges and universities, especially in the public sector, have suffered unprecedented budget cuts, even as they are being asked to accommodate larger numbers of students.

Until the 1980s, the teaching of history in Australian schools almost always represented the nation’s past from a very narrow perspective. Through more than 100 years of compulsory universal education, Australian children had been taught little about Aboriginal people and culture and even less about the history of the relationship between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Despite the fears of some conservatives that the new syllabus would represent a return to some form of political correctness in teaching the nation’s history in Australian schools, the proposed new History syllabus suggested that the Rudd Government was as adventurous as its predecessor in its determination to return to the basics in Australian education. Aboriginal people have insisted that the diversity of these experiences be recognised. As well, teachers must be prepared to give equal emphasis to Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal perspectives. All must be recognised, for to prefer one is to make others feel marginalised, excluded or under-valued.

“He Saw a Black Man in the Street, but Not a Cannibal”. Translation and Political Correctness

A number of U.S. universities are embroiled in debates over the longtime commemoration and valorization of white supremacy through the campus landscape. Recognizing place naming as a legitimate political arena, activists have called for—and in some instances succeeded—in removing from university buildings the names of historical figures shrouded in racial controversy. For the broader public and even sympathetic higher education officials, there is a lack of understanding about why these demands are important and even less recognition about the violence that racially insensitive place naming inflicts on the belonging of marginalized groups. Instead, the renaming of campus landscapes is understood as merely an act of political correctness and thus campus authorities have offered uneven and incomplete solutions in the name of progressive reform. Applying recent innovations in race and memory studies, specifically the ideas of wounded places and memory work, we situate ongoing university place naming ...

Our subject lived for 20 years as Hester Lynch Salusbury, and more than 40 years as the wife, then widow, of Gabriel Piozzi. Her bestselling literary works appeared under the name Hester Lynch Piozzi and yet she is recognized for her 20 years as Mrs Thrale: friend, confidante, amanuensis, and muse of Samuel Johnson. Upon her second marriage, “Piozzi” became a hostile signifier for a woman who defied her family and social opinion to choose a new husband and a new name; later biographers would recast her as “Dr Johnson’s Mrs Thrale,” the wife of one man, the possession of another. Meanwhile, modern critics have employed more than 20 different names, variously signaling emotional loyalty, theoretical affiliation, political correctness, or sensitivity to the academic marketplace. The naming of Hester Lynch Piozzi continues to complicate our understanding of one of the eighteenth century’s most distinguished and inscrutable figures.

The recent sacking of the eminent scientist Tim Hunt from one of the United Kingdom’s leading research institutions is only the latest in a series of cases where public individuals have been derided for comments made in jest on social media, with serious consequences for their professional and personal lives. This article discusses the case of Tim Hunt as an example of the extent to which the privileging of the correct over the true which has long pervaded media discourse is taken to the extreme by the instant-response culture of social media. It points to the emergence of a new form of instantaneity enabled by these networked forms of communication that serves to reinforce systemic inaction rather than the change widely associated with these technologies. It draws on philosophy and critical theory as useful conceptual frameworks for highlighting the ways in which Twitter and co. increasingly call us to action but crowd out thought, thereby passing over opportunities for real social change.

In Said´s notion of “Orientalism” as a set of discursive practices through which the West structured the imagined East, the Czech Republic (or former Czechoslovakia) in particular, and so called Eastern Europe in general, has been viewed by “the West” as a space inhabited by “exotic other”. The former socialist countries (and the so called post-socialist countries) have been constructing their own “Orients” and “exotic others” as well including Noble Savage stereotype of Native Americans. This paper focuses on a visual (re)presentation of a meeting between people who might have mutually constructed each other as the “exotic other”. Based on filming of a visit of a Native American sport team competing in the Czech Republic, the paper would like to discuss who are the “exotic ones” and for whom and the methodological issues related to the creation of the cross-cultural ethnographic films.

While considerable quantitative research demonstrates ideological liberalism among American professors, only qualitative work examines whether this affects undergraduate education. Using the HERI dataset surveying students in their first and fourth years in college (n=7,207), we use OLS regressions to test whether students’ political beliefs are associated with reported college grades and perceived collegiate experiences. We find that while standardized test scores are the best predictors of grade point average, ideology also has impacts. Even with controls for SES, demographics, and SAT scores, liberal students report higher college grades and closer relationships with faculty. Nevertheless, conservative students consistently show higher levels of satisfaction with college courses and experiences, and higher high school grades. We discuss implications.

The article examines how political correctness (PC) affects work-related lexis. A particular focus is put on English bizspeak that aims to fulfil PC demands by using creative vocabulary and euphemisms to motivate employees, stimulate their creativity, and win or keep customers. A brief theoretical outline is followed by an analysis based on authentic material. The results show that such colourful language may contradict PC postulates and impede effective communication.

In recent months a number of news stories with tantalizing headlines appearing in the Chronicle of Higher Education, New York Times, and the Atlantic, among others, caught my attention. “Sexual Par...

Language is the essence of human communication. The very words we choose and the way we use them have meaning and influence those around us. If done well, communicating with and about people with diabetes can inspire, build confidence, and improve self-care and well-being; however, poor choices of words, phrases and body language can be de-motivating, stigmatising, and hurtful and undermine self-care efforts. Getting our language right is not a matter of political correctness – it affects the core of our interactions with and about people with diabetes.

Inverse performance theory deals with the critic’s problem of how to extract in his critique what is hidden behind a performance output. To initiate this theory, we therefore should question the perspectives which a critic has to envisage. To begin with, we inquire the intriguing task of feuilletonistic critique: why is it a never ending story? Is it substantially necessary—beyond music business? We then position the critic within the sociological context: How do norms intervene in critique? This is exemplified by Glenn Gould’s performative redefinition of classics. The chapter terminates with an ethnomusicological view on historicistic performance as it is typically undertaken by Nicolas Harnoncourt.

Once it was the Left that argued for the freest possible speech on campus, and the Right that argued there must be limits and restraint.It was Berkeley radicals who ignited New Left passions with t...

Without any doubt it is correct that the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e.V., AWMF) asks authors of medical guidelines to disclose any potential conflicts of interest; however, it seems that common sense of proportion is missing in Germany as each potential conflict of interest has to be declared regardless of the corresponding financial value. Here are some examples for this in my opinion unreasonable request for complete political correctness

Scores of American universities have opened campuses abroad, New York University, where I teach, among them. (Others include Georgetown in Qatar, Yale in Singapore, Columbia in Jordan, and Duke in China.) Criticism and debate surround these developments, but have been limited mainly to financial and enrollment viability and to abstract questions of ethical and political correctness. I think the issues need to be contextualized with specifics. I taught at NYU's campus in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, for seven weeks in September-October 2011, and the experience revealed that, while each foreign campus has unique characteristics, NYU's in Abu Dhabi is an outlier among them.

This paper provides an overview of the major LGBT organizations in the U.S., their organizational resources, and ways to influence politicians and the media. LGBT movement during the 1990s, completed its transition from liberationist and the system outside position, to the lobbyist and system insider position. The paper discusses the criticism dissidents from LGBT movement consider the alienation of LGBT establishment of the true interests of its membership. At the end of the article LGBT movement and its organizations are considered from the point of success in achieving the goals and compared with the achievements and impact of counter-movement of Christian traditionalists.

La littérature africaine américaine moderne, née au début du vingtième siècle sous le double patronage de W.E.B. Du Bois et de jeunes auteurs plus provocateurs comme Zora Neale Hurston ou Langston Hughes, est inextricablement liée au développement du politiquement correct aux Etats- Unis. L’usage que ces écrivains ont fait du mot “nigger”, insulte suprême que les Noirs se sont appropriée pour en faire un symbole de leur identité, en est la preuve. Si l’on observe l’histoire littéraire du vingtième siècle, il apparaît que ce terme cristallise les évolutions de l’idée et de la pratique de la littérature noire, mais aussi la manière dont chaque écrivain s’est inventé une manière propre de s’accommoder des héritages de l’Histoire, à travers des poétiques qui jouent avec le politiquement correct, le transgressent ou le détournent. Modern African American literature, birthed in the early twentieth century by W.E.B. Du Bois and other, more provocative authors such as Zora Neale Hurston or Langston Hughes, is intertwined with the development of political correctness in the United States. The way these writers use the word “nigger”, the most offensive among racial slurs, that African Americans have turned into a symbol of their identity, is a good illustration of that idea. The literary history of the twentieth century shows us that this word embodies the evolutions of the concept and the practice of black literature, as well as the way each writer invented his or her own way to deal with the legacies of History, crafting aesthetics which play with political correctness, violate it, or give it a new twist.

In the last two decades British and American drama translators have shown a growing interest in the Spanish classics, resulting in English versions exclusively intended for the stage. Within this particular context, this paper is intended to provide a general view on how a motif present in the source texts, i.e. the role of women, is transferred into the target plays. A close analysis of the translated works reveals how women’s acts can be enhanced or downplayed in order to accommodate them to the recipient culture. Hence, political correctness, reaction to male domination, moral squeamishness and honour emerge as important elements to be taken into account. Conclusions will ultimately provide us with information about the current vision of Spanish Golden Age drama through English translation, and will hopefully invite discussion on the validity of these mechanisms to guarantee its reception in the Anglo-Saxon theatre world., El creciente interés que, en las dos últimas décadas, han suscitado los clásicos españoles en los traductores dramáticos británicos y estadounidenses ha impulsado la aparición de versiones en lengua inglesa pensadas exclusivamente para su puesta en escena. Dentro de este contexto, el presente artículo pretende analizar el tratamiento de uno de los motivos más recurrentes en los textos fuente: el papel de la mujer. El estudio de las traducciones muestra cómo el rol femenino puede ser potenciado o minimizado para ajustarlo a la cultura de llegada. Así, son dignos de análisis la corrección política, la reacción ante el poder masculino, los escrúpulos morales o el honor. Las conclusiones extraídas pretenden arrojar información sobre el enfoque actual que, del teatro áureo español, reflejan los textos meta, así como abrir el debate sobre la validez de los mecanismos empleados por estos traductores para garantizar la buena acogida de las piezas originales en la dramaturgia anglosajona

Stewart Lee is perhaps one of the finest stand-up comedians working in Britain today. His status can be measured not in terms of the size of the venues he plays or in the number of biographical ‘booky wooks’ he sells, but rather in terms of the integrity and insight that he brings to the form of stand-up comedy. In 2009 his television show Comedy Vehicle was cited in The Guardian as one of its top ten television highlights of the year, with the comment that it ‘was the kind of TV that makes you feel like you're not the only one wondering how we came to be surrounded by so much unquestioned mediocrity’.

This article aims to build capacity between nursing and allied healthcare practitioner staff in highlighting the unique challenges that caring for people with cerebral palsy (CP) brings. It gives an insight into how CP is classified and diagnosed, and briefly outlines issues of political correctness in labelling people with this condition. It covers the complexities of brain development in people with CP, with consideration of the key aetiological contributors to the incidence of the condition. A straight forward approach to unravelling the classification of movement disorders in CP is adopted. It concludes that a multidisciplinary approach to the management of CP, with the nurse at the centre of this holistic approach to patient care, is pivotal to future healthcare provision.

While many aspects of nursing home care have improved over time, numerous issues persist. Presently, a potpourri of approaches and a push to "fix" the problem have overshadowed efforts to correctly define the issues and identify their diverse causes. Together, the two segments of this fourth and final article (divided between this month's issue and the next one) in the series identify strategies that should tie reform efforts together. This Segment 1 of Article 4 discusses the need to judge initiatives and proposals by how well they support and/or promote critical elements such as the care delivery process and clinical problem solving and decision making activities. It also covers the need to critically scrutinize and modify the conventional wisdom and to suppress "political correctness" thatcontinues to inhibit vital critical inquiry and dialogue that are needed to define issues correctly and make further progress. Ultimately, relatively uncomplicated and inexpensive strategies have the potential to bring dramatic progress. But there needs to be more willingness to rethink the issues and reconsider current approaches.