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The research was carried out in the ASOPAPROPIE association in the province of Manabí, Membrillo parish during the year 2019. Its aim was to develop strategies for the positioning of organic chocolate in the ASOPAPROPIE association. The interview, observation and marketing mix techniques were applied, the same ones that will be supported by the tools called interview guide and observation guide. In the results, positioning strategies called brand, segmentation and introduction were determined. It was concluded that the development of management strategies for marketing as a business development tool will allow the positioning of organic chocolate bars in the market through an adequate administration whose main objective is to improve the financial profitability and administrative management of the association. in differentiation., La investigación se realizó en la asociación “ASOPAPROPIE” en la provincia de Manabí, parroquia Membrillo durante el año 2019. Tuvo como objetivo desarrollar estrategias para el posicionamiento del chocolate orgánico en la asociación ASOPAPROPIE. Se aplicaron las técnicas de la entrevista, observación y marketing mix, las mismas que se apoyaron en las herramientas denominadas guía de entrevista y guía de observación. En los resultados se determinaron estrategias de posicionamiento denominadas de marca, de segmentación y de introducción. Se concluyó que el desarrollo de estrategias de gestión para marketing como herramienta de desarrollo empresarial permitirá el posicionamiento de las barras de chocolate orgánico en el mercado, a través de una administración adecuada cuyo objetivo principal va encaminado a mejorar la rentabilidad financiera y la gestión administrativa de la asociación basándose en la diferenciación.&nbsp

Aunque existe de hace más de 50 años el concepto de Marketing Mix, no necesariamente quiere decir que todos los empresarios saben usar las extensas herramientas que puede apoyar instantáneamente a la empresa para obtener excelentes resultados, atracción a los clientes, esencialmente cuando se realizan estrategias del Marketing Mix dichas estrategias lleva a las empresas a estar en el top empresarial, debido a esto se generara grandes ventas de los productos, posicionamiento en el mercado, entre otras cosas importantes que apoya a las empresas, de lo contrario al tener estrategias erróneas puede llegar a fracasar la empresa, es por esto que esta investigación fue elaborada en el municipio de Aguascalientes, Ags., México a las empresas MiPyME del sector comercio, se analizó la aplicación del Marketing Mix (producto, precio, plaza y promoción) en las empresas MiPyME, así mismo se tomó en cuenta datos primarios y secundarios obtenidos de revistas indexadas, empresas MiPyME del municipio de Aguascalientes, Ags., México; asimismo se utilizó un modelo teórico de segundo grado, con el cual se generó un instrumento con cuatro bloques importantes los cuales son llamados como: bloques de producto, bloque de precio, bloque de plaza y bloque de promoción, dicho instrumento fue aplicado a 280 empresas MiPyME del sector comercio; objetivo principal de la investigación es en un lapso de cinco meses conocer la efectividad del Marketing Mix que aplican las empresas del sector comercio en Aguascalientes, Ags., México, con la finalidad de observar si son efectivas las estrategias dentro de los negocios y fortalecer las áreas de oportunidad, se muestra un estudio cuantitativo deductivo en las estrategias utilizadas en cada una de las empresas del sector comercio del municipio de Aguascalientes, Ags., México.

Each scientist is specialized in his or her field of research and in the tools that he or she uses during the research in a specified site. Thus, he or she is the most suitable person for improving the tools by overcoming their limitations to realize faster and higher quality analysis. However, most scientists are not software developers. Hence, it is necessary to provide them with an easy approach that enables non-software developers to improve and customize their tools. This paper presents an approach for easily improving and customizing any hydrogeological software. It is the result of experiences with updating several interdisciplinary case studies. The main insights of this approach have been demonstrated using four examples: MIX (FORTRAN-based), BrineMIX (C++-based), EasyQuim and EasyBal (both spreadsheet-based). The improved software has been proven to be a better tool for enhanced analysis by substantially reducing the computation time and the tedious processing of the input and output data files., R. Criollo thanks Barcelona Cicle de l’Aigua (BCASA) and the Catalan Industrial Doctorates Plan of the Secretariat for Universities and Research, Ministry of Economy and Knowledge of the Generalitat de Catalunya for their financial support. The staff of the Department of Geotechnical Engineering and Geosciences of the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) and the Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) are gratefully acknowledged for their useful comments and suggestions. We also thank Scott Tacker and Dadiyorto Wendy for their contributions which improved the manuscript

As part of the Shagaya Renewable Energy Master Plan in Kuwait, the presented study describes the methodology developed and applied for the optimization of the technology mix for a 2̊GW, 1002km2 renewable energy park. Scenarios with different focuses for the technology mix were developed, selecting from 14 technology options (three wind, five PV and six CSP) and emphasizing either high peak load supply, high overall annual electricity production or low levelized cost of electricity. An optimization procedure that uses a general pattern search algorithm implemented in the software GenOpt was used to maximize a score calculated from eight criteria. These were determined in a social-techno-economic evaluation, which included performance simulations of every technology option for the allocated site in Kuwait. Besides the available land area, the capacity credit of the installed technology mix was included as an additional boundary condition. 2010 was selected as base year since it was the most recent year for which both high quality meteorological and electricity demand data was available. The results for all considered scenarios are presented in this paper, with the one that was chosen as final result of the master plan comprising 136̊MW wind power, 614̊MW of PV and 1250̊MW of CSP. Furthermore, the study showed that thermal storage is indispensable to serve peak demand hours and a diverse technology mix is important to achieve a high capacity credit.

Background/Aims: Data on contact allergy to fragrances in the general population are limited. Data from allergological services suggest that the frequency of contact allergy to fragrances is increasing. The European Dermato-Epidemiology Network (EDEN) Fragrance Study aims to obtain reliable data on the prevalence of contact allergy to fragrances and other sensitizers of the European baseline series, in the general population of different geographical areas of Europe. We report the methodology and the reliability of instruments adopted and discuss the feasibility based on a pilot phase. Methods: Descriptive epidemiology survey. A random sample from the general population is selected and interviewed, and is offered patch testing in a randomized way. We specifically enquire about any skin rash reported during the previous year, and any history of reactions to products that may contain the sensitizer and/or a history of avoidance of the same products. Patch test data are linked to the questionnaire information to define clinical relevance. Results: The questionnaire showed high test-retest reliability in 94 individuals. Patch test reading also showed a high level of interrater reliability. During the pilot phase, a total of 589 participants were recruited. Conclusions: The EDEN Fragrance Study is feasible and able to provide useful data on fragrance allergy.

BACKGROUND: Fragrance mix I (FM I) and fragrance mix II (FM II) in the European baseline series are used as screening tools for fragrance contact allergy. In 2005 the European Union (EU) required labelling of 26 fragrances when present in cosmetic products. INCI nomenclature is obligatory for such labelling.OBJECTIVES: To describe frequencies of contact allergy to these 26 fragrance substances, and to evaluate clinical relevance of these positive reactions.METHODS: Three hundred and twenty patients with eczema suspected of being contact allergy to fragrances or cosmetics were patch tested with the EU-declared fragrance chemicals, FM I and FM II.RESULTS: There were 76 positive reactions in 33 patients. Most reactions were seen to [corrected] hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde in 3.1%, followed by Evernia furfuracea (2.5%) and cinnamyl alcohol (2.5%). Twelve reactions to FM I and II were not confirmed by separate ingredients. Clinical relevance of positive reactions to fragrances was certain in 20/33 (61%).CONCLUSIONS: 10.3% of the patients had positive patch tests in the EU-list. Hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde, a component of FM II, was the most frequent allergen, followed by Evernia furfuracea. Since Evernia furfuracea is not part of FM I or FM II, relevant reactions can be missed when only the European baseline series is used.

The sizing of supply equipment to meet a time varying demand is an important engineering problem. Optimal sizing of various supply equipment can reduce the overall cost of the supply system significantly. In this paper, the screening curve methodology, originally proposed for planning electrical power system, is extended to address various process system related problems: cost optimal sizing of various pumps to satisfy time varying water demand, ideal mix of various lighting options for a given lighting load, etc. These examples illustrate that the proposed methodology is a simple, versatile, and powerful tool for appropriately sizing various equipment to satisfy time varying demands during grassroots design. During debottlenecking, supply system is expanded; new supply equipment are installed along with appropriate utilisation of existing supply equipment. A methodology is proposed to address expansion planning of various supply equipment during debottlenecking and demonstrated using an example of debottlenecking an air conditioning system. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Disperse dyes, which are used for colouring synthetic textile fibres, are well-known contact sensitisers. To investigate the outcome of patch-testing with a textile dye mix (TDM) at 7 dermatology clinics in Sweden, a TDM tested at 2 concentrations was included into the baseline series during one year. The mix consisted of Disperse (D) Blue 35, D Yellow 3, D Orange 1 and 3, D Red 1 and 17, all 1.0%, and D Blue 106 and D Blue 124, each 0.3% in the mix 6.6% and 1.0% each in the mix 8.0%. In 2,122 tested patients, contact allergy to the TDM at the concentration 8.0% was found in 2.8% and to the TDM at 6.6% in 2.5% of the patients. The contact allergy to the TDM could explain or contribute to the dermatitis in about 35% of the patients. Conclusion: contact allergy to the TDM is common and inclusion into the Swedish baseline series should be considered.

Users of high power CO 2 lasers may be interested in finding a substitute for expensive He which would provide sufficient efficiency and specific power of laser radiation. In the present work, operating modes of the electron-beam sustained discharge CO 2 pulse-periodic laser operating on CO 2 :N 2 :H 2 O mixes were investigated. The research has revealed that at equal energies of radiations the efficiency for CO 2 :N 2 :H 2 O mixes are approximately 25% lower than those for CO 2 :N 2 :He mixes. The decrease in efficiency is compensated for by an increase in electric strength of the mixes containing H 2 O, both in pulse and in pulse-periodic modes.

Purpose – This paper provides a comprehensive and integrative review of academic literature analyzing identity in business. The literature review proposed by the authors helps clearing up theoretical and practical understanding of this concept. Design/methodology/approach – A review of existing literature in organizational behavior and marketing fields is proposed to clarify the meaning of organizational and corporate identity. On the basis of this review, the authors also identify an integrative perspective proposed for managers to identify and effectively manage all dimensions of their business identities. Findings – Literature on the identity of businesses is extensive and blurred, failing to provide useful guidance for practitioners to manage this concept. A new approach proposes understanding this kind of identity as a global concept that integrates proposals from diverse research fields in order to take advantage of cross-fertilization. Practical implications – This research allows identity and communication managers to understand dimensions of business identity for a more effective management of this concept in their organizations. Originality/value – The line of research that proposes an integrative multidisciplinary approach to the study of identity in business is quite new and, as so, it still needs further contributions to clarify this nascent domain. In this paper, the authors also classify previous studies on business identity according to the theoretical approach they assume just as no other research has done before. Borrar

Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενο ResCarta Tools are a suite of open source software applications which can assist in the creation of standardized digital objects. ResCarta Tools are open and modular in their design. Modules for creating digital objects store the metadata in Library of Congress METS/ MODS/MIX XML formats. Collection and indexing modules create LUCENE indexes for high speed fielded and full text retrieval of objects. The tools have been used to create digital collections from a variety of analog and digital sources. Collections can be hosted on the web using Apache TOMCAT and the ResCarta WEB application, which provides inline metadata using COINS. Integrating the use of DLESE OAI is done using the Collection Manager METS XML data. The tools have been used by small public libraries to host a dozen pamphlets and aerospace manufactures to host tens of thousands of documents and millions of pages.