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Stock index price forecasting is a consistent focus of business intelligence. Various factors influence stock index price forecasting, such as technical indicators, financial news, business status, and the macroeconomics situation. In addition, many studies have shown that the exchange rate is related to the stock index price; however, no study has examined whether the exchange rate can be used to forecast stock index prices. Therefore, this paper focuses on this topic and uses exchange rate to predict China stock index price for the first time. Firstly, we compare the association of China stock index price with different data sources to illustrate the feasibility of using the exchange rate to predict stock index prices. Then, we generate some additional technical features of the exchange rate and propose a strategy to predict the stock index price. Finally, we compare the forecast results of China's stock index price based on four data sources, i.e., technical indicators, exchange rate data, US market index data and finance news data from January 3, 2017 to March 20, 2019. Experimental results demonstrate that the performance of exchange rate data for stock index prediction is comparable to other popular data sources and that, in some prediction periods, the exchange rate outperforms such data sources. The results confirm that the exchange rate could be used for forecasting the Shanghai Composite Index prices.

OpenStack is a cloud operating system that can manage large pools of resources throughout the data center, including compute, storage, and network resources. Administrators can manage the entire system through the management desk and delineate resources for users through a web interface. It originated from a cloud computing platform project jointly developed by NASA and Rackspace, and is licensed open source under the Apache license. In this article, we’ll go through the process of configuring each of the core OpenStack components and understand how they relate to each other. Finally, in this paper, we use SDN to create a virtual router to connect the public network with the private network created by OpenStack via the configured OpenStack, and then create an instance on the private network.

The design of this platform is an intelligent service platform with open source cloud computing framework OpenStack as the carrier, open source big data software Hadoop as the driving engine, and IOT devices as the underlying devices. The underlying design of this project realizes intelligent heating manager through Internet of things technology, and improves the efficiency of solar hot water management based on cloud platform and big data. This platform achieves basic computing storage and network service by building private cloud platform. Enterprise users would log in to the front-end web server mounted under the cloud server through computers or mobile terminal devices to monitor and remotely control intelligent public thermal energy management equipment in real-time. In addition, a big data platform is built on the computing node of the cloud platform to analyze the stored business data, providing a factual basis for future business development and product optimization.

Carrying out researches on field calibration test of DC current transformer is of great significance for improving the type test and field test system of DC current transformer. In this paper, the field calibration technology of DC current transformer was studied. The scene of the DC current transformer calibration experiment method was proposed. Besides, the high stability DC current source rated 5000A/12V and the GPS wireless synchronous data acquisition device was developed. On this basis, the field calibration tests of three zero flux DC current transforms operating in Deyang ±500 kV DC converter station neutral wires were carried out. Test results indicate that the error property of zero magnetic current transformers in Deyang ±500kV DC converter station is stable, and the calibration method proposed in this paper is reasonable.

We study the track reconstruction algorithms of the CEPC luminometer. Depend on the current geometry design, the conventional track reconstruction method is applied, but it suffers the energy leakage problem when tracks falling into the tile gaps regions. To solve this problem, a novel reconstruction method based on deep neural networks has been investigated, and the reconstruction efficiency has been improved significantly, as well as the energy and direction resolutions. This new reconstruction method is proposed to replace the conventional one for the CEPC luminometer., Comment: 8 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables

A non-pneumatic tire appears to have advantages over the conventional pneumatic tire in terms of flat proof and maintenance free. A mechanical elastic wheel (MEW) with a non-pneumatic elastic outer ring which functions as the air of the pneumatic tire was presented. The structure of MEW is non-inflatable integrated configuration and the effect of hinges is accounted for only in tension. To establish finite element model of MEW, various nonlinear factors, such as the geometrical nonlinearity, material nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity, were considered. Load characteristic test was conducted by tyre dynamic test-bed to obtain force-deflection curves. And the validity of the finite element model was validated through load characteristic test. The vehicle vibration performance respectively based on the MEW and the radial tire was compatative studied under pulse input experiment conditions. The result showed that the vehicle concluding the new mechanical elastic wheel met the vibration performance requirements and vibration performance regularity of pneumatic tire. The results could be used as the thesis reference for the improvement of new mechanical elastic wheel.

Airy beams have received considerable attention due to their unique features on propagation, including non-spreading, self-healing, self-accelerating, and parabolic trajectories. Here in this work we study the propagation of linearly polarized Airy beams with an added spherical phase in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis. Based on the beam transmission theory in uniaxial crystals, the analytical expressions for the intensity distribution of the beams in different view planes are derived. Numerical calculations are performed and some novel propagation features are presented graphically. It is shown that the Airy beam with an added spherical phase remains linearly polarized but cannot keep other properties unchanged during propagation in uniaxial crystal. Such a beam maintains its intensity profile in the near-field, then with the propagation distance increasing, converts into the Gaussian-Airy beams with different orientations at two specified distances which are codetermined by the extraordinary and ordinary refractive index of the crystal (namely ne and no) and the radius of the spherical phase, and most impressively, forms a mirror-like reflection profile in the far field, i.e., the intensity pattern in the far field returns to the initial Airy beam profile while its orientation on the transversal plane is reversed along the bisector line of the second and fourth quadrant. Note that the intensity pattern successively experiences two mirror transformations along the x and y coordinate axis when passing through these two critical positions, which can give rise to the mirror reflection effect for the whole Airy beam. Moreover, we further demonstrate that the sequences of these two mirror transformations are in close relation with the relative size between ne and no. Therefore, the results obtained in this paper reveal new propagation features in anisotropic medium of Airy beams with added spherical phase and provide a novel route to controlling propagation properties like the pattern profile and orientation of the Airy beams through choosing appropriate anisotropic materials and the radius of the spherical phase factor. Considering that it is easy to obtain an Airy beam with an added spherical phase which can be realized with an Airy beam through an ideal lens, our investigation may lead to potential applications in many fields where the ability to change profile and orientation of the intensity pattern and the ability to determine the refractive index of anisotropic medium are both required.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical effect of endoscopic foraminoplasty and neuro-ventral decompression for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation combining with lateral recess stenosis. Method: From June 2015 to August 2016, thirty patients with typical radicular symptoms and neurogenic intermittent claudication were treated. There were 17 cases with lumbar disc herniation with lateral recess stenosis at L4/L5 and 13 cases at L5/S1. The mean course of disease was 10.6 ± 6.1 months. The preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to assess the intensity of pain. The outcomes were evaluated by Oswestry disability index (ODI) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores (JOA). Clinical signs were observed and compared before and after the operation. These patients had undergone the normalized endoscopic foraminoplasty for spinal canal decompression and discectomy to decompress the traversing and exiting nerve. Result: Based on MacNab's criteria assessment, 17 patients (56.7%) showed excellent, 9 (30.0%) good, 4 (10%) fair, and 0 (0%) poor results. Our results demonstrated that normalized endoscopic foraminoplasty for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation combined with lateral recess stenosis can significantly improve the VAS, ODI and JOA score at each time point postoperatively compared with preoperative parameters (P

Organic Rankine Cycle(ORC) can effectively recover the low grade heat source due to its distinctive thermodynamic performance. Based on Genetic Algorithm, net power output per unit mass of geothermal water is set as the objective function. Evaporation pressure, superheating of the steam, the minimum temperature in the evaporator are analyzed to obtain the optimal performance of the system. The results indicate that under the assumption condition that the optimal level constitution of system parameters is determined as the working fluid of R227ea, the power output of the system of 596kw and the corresponding power output per unit mass of geothermal water of 11.91 kJ/kg. R245ca has the maximal efficiency of 5.75% among the selected 6 working fluids (Butane, R236fa, R227ea, R236ea, R245fa, R245ca). The effect of pinch temperature in evaporator on power output per unit mass is more seriously than that of superheating. It is about 7 times in terms of increasing 1K of R227ea.

A 57-year-old woman with myasthenia gravis (MG), who had experienced a myasthenic crisis, complained of coughing while drinking. At first, this appeared to be a sequela of the myasthenic crisis. However, after further investigation, the problem was identified as a tracheoesophageal fistula, a complication of tracheostomy. Here, we describe this special case in the hope that we can improve diagnostic accuracy by providing a reminder for other physicians to consider the differences between MG and tracheoesophageal fistula. It is very important to pay more attention to such situations in clinical scenarios and administer the most appropriate treatment without delay.

Energy consumption is a main area in wireless sensor network researching. Interior monitoring system is designed by organized ZigBee wireless network. Address assignment mechanism is put forward and the result about sensor nodes is displayed. Aiming at the problems of LEACH algorithm that all nodes will be assigned cluster head, this paper proposes the algorithm that cluster head projected in first every round is effective until the next round so that reducing energy consumption in competition about cluster head. Through the simulation test, network address assignment is normal, data can be displayed through LED, and network telecommunication is stable.

Machine vision system has been widely used for a variety of applications in industrial testing and measurements. However, image distortion caused by optical system and system re-positioning will bring errors to the machine vision detection system. This paper addresses on three types of image distortions including optical distortion and perspective deformation, image translation and rotation, and image scale change. To rectify optical distortion and perspective deformation, a black and white grid pattern is used as a standard template for finding the multiple matching points between distorted image points and ideal image points, and then a polynomial mathematical model simulating the geometric distortion is established. The distortion coefficients are calculated from the least square method. Image translation and rotation are compensated by using a floating fixture origin as the reference point. Image scale change is remedied by using a standard scale factor to shrink or enlarge an actual image to its standard size. The experimental results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach proposed.

Ultrasound-modulated optical imaging technology is a new type of biological tissue optical detection technology, and sensitive to the change of scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of biological tissue. This technology is a non-ionizing and non-invasive pathological detection method, which has great potential application in early detection of cancer. However, ultrasound-modulated optical imaging technology is insufficient in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and imaging contrast. Frequency-shifted laser feedback technology with microchip laser is a new type of highly sensitive interference technology, whose gain coefficient for weak optical signal can reach 106. This technology can greatly improve the SNR of imaging. Combined with the high sensitive laser feedback technology, the ultrasound-modulated laser feedback technology is proposed. The SNR of this technology is better than that of the traditional ultrasound-modulated optical imaging technology. The increase in SNR can achieve greater depth of detection in biological tissue imaging, but there is no significant improvement in imaging contrast. In order to improve the contrast of biological tissue imaging and achieve high resolution imaging of thick biological tissue, we use ultrasound microbubble contrast agent in ultrasound-modulated laser feedback imaging technology. We establish a Monte Carlo photon transport model with microbubbles in order to study the mechanism of contrast enhancement in ultrasound-modulated laser feedback imaging with microbubbles. Finally, we establish an experimental system to verify the correctness of the simulation results. Experimental and simulation results show that in the transparent solution, the ultrasonic microbubble contrast agent can enhance the ultrasound-modulated laser feedback signal and generate harmonic modulation, which can improve the imaging contrast by detecting the enhancement of the fundamental and harmonic signals of the feedback. In the scattering medium, the ultrasonic microbubble contrast agent can significantly attenuate the ultrasound modulated laser feedback signal, and the imaging contrast can be improved by detecting the attenuation of the fundamental and harmonic signal.

Aiming at the accuracy of estimation of vehicle’s mass center sideslip angle, an estimation method of slip angle based on general regression neural network (GRNN) and driver-vehicle closed-loop system has been proposed: regarding vehicle’s sideslip angle as time series mapping of yaw speed and lateral acceleration; using homogeneous design project to optimize the training samples; building the mapping relationship among sideslip angle, yaw speed, and lateral acceleration; at the same time, using experimental method to measure vehicle’s sideslip angle to verify validity of this method. Estimation results of neural network and real vehicle experiment show the same changing tendency. The mean of error is within 10% of test result’s amplitude. Results show GRNN can estimate vehicle’s sideslip angle correctly. It can offer a reference to the application of vehicle’s stability control system on vehicle’s state estimation.

In this paper we propose a fully convolutional encoder-decoder framework for image residual transformation tasks. Instead of only using per-pixel loss function, the proposed framework learn end-to-end mapping combined with perceptual loss function that depend on low-level features from a pre-trained network. Pointing out the mapping function in order to handle noise-free image by introduce identity mapping. And through an analysis of the interplay between the neural networks and the underlying noisy distribution which they seeking to learn. We also show how to construct a uniform transform, which is then used to make a single deep neural network work well across different levels of noise. Comparing with previous approaches, ours achieves better performance. The experimental results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm to cope with image denoising tasks.

Agricultural products information cannot be updated in a timely fashion. This has been identified as an urgent problem in rural areas of China where e‐commerce is involved. This paper presents a middleware content management system (also called PowerCMS middleware) for updating agricultural products information intelligently and automatically. PowerCMS middleware is based on the technology framework of J2EE WEB service but with the added benefits of middleware. Through its extensible architecture and flexible data handling processes, PowerCMS provides several essential functions such as automatic creation and intelligent collection of content, content‐based publication‐subscription, personalised customisation of agricultural product information, the storage and management of internal and external data, user‐rights management, and optimisation tactics for handling queries. To show how PowerCMS middleware can effectively deal with content management, an application of updating of agricultural produ...

We present a self-synchronizing stream encryption scheme based on one-dimensional coupled map lattices which is introduced as a model with the essential features of spatiotemporal chaos, and of great complexity and diffusion capability of the little disturbance in the initial condition. To evaluate the scheme, a series of statistical tests are employed, and the results show good random-look nature of the ciphertext. Furthermore, we apply our algorithm to encrypt a grey-scale image to show the key sensitivity.

We propose a cryptographic scheme based on spatiotemporal chaos of coupled map lattices (CML) ,which is based on one-time pad. The structure of the cryptosystem determines that the progress in decryption implies the progress in exploring the dynamical behavior of spatiotemporal chaos in CML. A part of the initial condition of CML is used as a secret key, and the recovery of the secret key by exhaustive search is impossible due to the sensitivity to the initial condition in spatiotemporal chaos system. Specially the software implementation of the scheme is easy.

An all-thin-film (ATF) electrochromic device for modulating the optical transmittance is manufactured using magnetron sputtering. The devices consists of MoO3 as the main electrochromic layer, LiBO2+Li2SO4(LiBSO) as the ion conductor layer, and NiOx as the complementary electrochromic layer. Glass covered with indium tin oxide (ITO) is used as the substrate and the ITO film is used as the bottom electrode. The ITO film deposited o the top of the devices is used as the other electrode. The structure and morphology of the films are characterize by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The devices exhibit good optical properties with low transmittance values in the coloured state, and the optical modulation is measured by spectrophotometer in the wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm. The average visible light transmittance reaches 50.2% and 3.7% i bleached and coloured state, respectively. The results indicate that such a monolithic system has great potential to be applied in smart windows.

In this paper, according to the current status of Jilin province power network construction and transformation projects, established the evaluation index system of power distribution network transformation project. Aiming at the characteristics of the large number of index, proposed a model of evaluating the power distribution network transformation based on rough set and support vector machine (SVM), And uses the evaluate data of the power distribution network in Jilin province for the empirical analysis, shows that the method has higher classification accuracy. The results of the research show that the model has good effectiveness and the method is practical and feasible.

During the firing tests of the weapon system, there are three options for the testing target: the typical target such as the real plane; the mirror image of the typical target; the target drone. However, the previous two kinds of targets were not suitable for the test, then the target drone would be a best option. Based on the typical route, this paper designed the route for the target drone according to the simulation theory, ensuring the equality of the following steady state errors. Then an example was given to confirm the validity of this method. At last, how to convert the average hit rate about target drone to the typical target was proposed.

Four-petal Gaussian beam is a special type of Gaussian beam, and its propagation properties are widely used in micro optics, optical communication and splitting technology. Recently, the generations and the properties of different types of hollow beams have become a hot research topic, such as research on hollow optical vortex beams. The Gyrator transform can be used to fulfill the mode conversion of laser beam. In this paper, based on the Gyrator transform, the analytical expression of four-petal Gaussian beam passing through such a transform system is derived, and the intensity distribution and the corresponding phase distribution associated with the transforming four-petal Gaussian beam are analyzed by numerical simulations. It is found that the four-petal Gaussian beam can be transformed into rectangular hollow beam by Gyrator transform, under the appropriate conditions of the beam order, the beam parameter, the transform angle of Gyrator transform, and the waist width. For the beam order n=m=3, the transform angle of Gyrator transform = 0.4133, the beam parameter K=30, and the waist width = 0.9, the rectangular hollow optical vortex beams can be obtained. Under such conditions, the maximum intensities appear in the four corners, and they are almost uniform on the four sides. The effects of the beam parameters, the transform angle, and the beam order on the distributions of intensity and phase of the rectangular hollow beam are analyzed in detail. The numerical results show that for the beam parameter K10, the rectangular hollow beam always is obtained, and for a lager beam parameter, the intensity distribution of the rectangular hollow beam is more uniform. Different beam order generates different type of hollow beam. For example, for n=m = 2, = 1.2, K = 30, and = 0.5409, a new strange circular hollow beam with solid circular nucleus can be obtained. The transform angle of Gyrator transform has a significant effect on the energy distribution of the hollow beam. When the transform angle changes in a small range, the uniformity of the intensity distribution of the rectangular hollow beam is lost. The bigger the transform angle change, the more serious the loss of uniformity of the hollow beam intensity is. The size of the hollow beam bright ring is determined by the waist width of the four-petal Gaussian beam: the larger the waist width, the smaller the bright ring is. The results further enriches the applications of Gyrator transform system and the four-petal Gaussian beam in the beam shaping.

In this work, we develop a novel method of creating dark hollow beam with vortex by converting a sine-Gaussian beam (SeGB) with edge-dislocation and astigmatism through using fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) optical system. On the basis of the definition of the FrFT, an analytical transformation formula is derived for an astigmatic SeGB passing through such a transform system. By use of the derived formulae, the changes of the intensity distribution and the corresponding phase properties associated with the transforming astigmatic SeGBs are analytically discussed in detail. It is found that for an input SeGB without astigmatism, there is still a dark line or an edge dislocation associated with the intensity distribution of the FrFT beam along the initial dislocation line, similar to that of the input SeGB. However, when the input SeGB astigmatically passes through an FrFT optical system, the dark line of the intensity distribution of the input SeGB can be converted into a solitary zero point, or in other words, a dark hollow beam with a single-charge vortex can be produced by SeGB with an edge dislocation. The results reveal that the astigmatism plays a critical role in transforming a SeGB into a dark hollow one through the FrFT optical system. Furthermore, some numerical calculation results based on the derived formula are presented and discussed graphically. It is shown that for appropriate beam parameters and carefully adjusting the transform angle of FrFT, dark hollow beams with single-charge vortex and elongated elliptic geometry can be realized with astigmatic SeGBs. The influences of the beam parameters and the transform angle of FrFT optical system on the generation of perfect dark hollow beams are also investigated. The results demonstrate that the linear eccentricity of the dark hollow beam, which is roughly defined as the ratio of semi-minor axis to semi-major one of the intensity pattern, mainly depends on the Fresnel number. And the optimal linear eccentricity may be relatively large under carefully selecting the beam and optical system parameters. Moreover, optimal parameter values corresponding to perfect dark hollow beam configurations which can be experimentally accessed are presented. As is well known, there are two types of pure phase defects or dislocations in the optical fields:one is screw dislocation or vortex and the other is edge-dislocation. Due to their important applications, the propagation dynamics of optical vortices or edge dislocations are extensively studied both theoretically and experimentally. The vortex-edge dislocation interaction is investigated in detail. However, there are fewer reports on the direct conversion between a single edge dislocation and a vortex. Therefore, the results obtained in this paper represent a significant step forward in understanding the transformation dynamics between beams with pure edge dislocation and vortex, and also opens possibilities for their potential applications, e.g., in generating dark hollow beams with elliptic geometry using FrFT systems.

Spillover effect of international trade is a crucial source of new technology for the South. This paper considers the transfer of technology from the North to the South that occurs through trade in high-technology goods and explicitly models the "reversing-engineering" process that allow the South to assimilate new technology, which is effected by the southern Intellectual Property Rights(IPR) protection. It analyzes potential costs and benefits of stronger Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection in the terms of growth and spillover effect of international trade. A key finding is that the effect of IPR on economic growth in the South is decided by the relative technological level between the North and the South.

Coal gangue is one of the largest industrial solid waste in the amount of emissions and accumulation. Its quantity is big and processed difficulty. Not only take up a lot of land, but also pollute of air, water and soil, destroy the environment, and even endanger to human health. This article elaborated the chemical composition of coal gangue and environmental hazards, and discussed the comprehensive utilization of coal gangue in aspect of power generation, building materials, chemicals. So as to achieve recycling waste and protecting environment, realize the sustainable development. It is also the effective measures to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.

The nonlinear optical absorption of glassy thin films containing InSb nanocrystals was measured by the Z-scan technique using a Gaussian beam of a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm). Both two-photon and saturation absorptions were observed in the composite thin films containing InSb nanocrystals with different average sizes. An enhanced nonlinear optical coefficient was achieved.

To counter the influencing emission of the diesel engine by the EGR rate, the forecasting model of the diesel engine EGR rate was set up by combining Radial Basis Function neural network (RBFNN) with the Chaos-Neural Networks (CNN) theory. Based on the nonlinear and effective modeling capabilities of the chaos system, the emissions performance and the EGR rate of the diesel engine were on-line predicted by the evolution on approximating to phase points of the RBF neural network; the predicting results were compared with the gray prediction results. The tests on the EGR rate and the diesel engine emission were made on the whole vehicle by the chaos-neural networks synergetic strategy. The test result showed that the forecasting model of the diesel engine EGR rate was reasonable; the chaos-neural networks forecasting strategy had the good resolving power and could be much fitted for the on-line forecast of the EGR rate.

To analyze the correlation between tongue inspection of coronary artery disease (CAD) and differentiation of symptoms and signs of CAD in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as well as its clinical significance. Method: Firstly, all the patients with CAD were divided into 2 groups according to the theory of TCM: QixuXueyu (group A, n=16) and YinxuXueyu (group B, n=16) and 16 healthy people were as control group (control group, n=16). Secondly, the tongue of patient group were observed by vanguard technology method and compared with control group, such as the infrared image, thermography, tongue moisture and blood perfusion rate, to investigate the relationship between tongue inspection and the differentiation of symptoms and signs. Results: The blood oxygen degree of saturation of group A and group B is lower than the healthy control group obviously (P group A>group B. The blood perfusion rate of group A is lower than others. The tongue temperature was a significant rise tendency in those groups, group B >group A> control group. Conclusion: tongue information has a close relationship with the severity of CAD. Tongue inspection plays an important role in evaluating diagnosis for patients with CAD. It will absolutely advance tongue inspection of traditional Chinese medicine.

Metal-foam materials have been used increasingly in industry for their low-density, high-toughness and high impact resistance properties. Understanding the macro-scale mechanical properties of these materials is essential to evaluate their actual performance and thus to optimize the structures and properties accordingly. Synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomographytechnique is a promising method to study 3D structures at small length scales, which provides high spatial resolution and allows the researchers to observe the change of structures/features in situ without destroying the original objects. In this work, the real 3D structure of closed-cell aluminum foam was obtained by using synchrotron radiation X-ray microtomography. The reconstructed 3D model of the foam was further utilized as input for the subsequent mechanical study to investigate the localized deformation behaviors and evolution process of the foam under longitudinal quasi-static uniaxial compressive loading. By analyzing the simulated results, it is demonstrated that the deformation bands always initiate and propagate along the cell walls which are finally folded upon loading. And the large spherical cells are more susceptible to yielding, as well as to the stress concentration than the cells with other shapes. This finding is consistent with the experimental results.

According to the flexibility and predictive features of Markov chain model and the analysis of customers' historical behavior of RFM (recency, frequency, monetary), this paper employs these two models into the customer value prediction in B2C context. By refining the conventional RFM model, the prediction of the customer's value becomes more precise. Such method helps to make effective customer marketing and relationship management polices. The article also describes a case study that demonstrates its accuracy

Starting from the Gyrator trnasform formula, the closed-form filed distribution of generalized sinh-Gaussian beam passing through such a transform system is derived, and the intensity distribution and the corresponding phase distribution associated with the transforming generalized sinh-Gaussian beams are analyzed. Based on the numerical method, the distributions are graphically drawn and it is found that, for appropriate beam parameters and by carefully adjusting the transform angle of Gyrator transform, the dark hollow beam with topological charge index being unity can be realized with sinh-Gaussian beam carrying an edge dislocation. And the influences of the beam parameters and the transform angle on the formation of perfect dark hollow beams are analyzed. However, it is impossible to obtain dark hollow beam with Gyrator transforming cosh-Gaussian beam.

A 500-MS/s 10-bit triple-channel current-steering DAC in 40 nm 1P8M CMOS advanced technology is proposed. The central symmetry random walk scheme is applied for current source arrays to avoid mismatching effects in nano-CMOS design. The high-speed latch drivers can be self-adaptively connected to switches in different voltage domains. The experimental data shows that the maximum DNL and INL are 0.42 LSB and 0.58 LSB. The measured SFDR at 1.7 MHz output signal is 58.91 dB, 58.53 dB and 56.98 dB for R/G/B channels, respectively. The DAC has good static and dynamic performance despite the single-ended output. The average rising time and falling time of three channels are 0.674 ns and 0.807 ns. The analog/digital power supply is 3.3 V/1.1 V. This triple-channel DAC occupies 0.5656 mm2.

Objective To investigate the effects of procyanidin on rat myocardial inflammatory reaction and TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) expression. Methods The rat myocardial infarction model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Survived rats were randomly divided into the myocardial infarction control group (MI n=9) and the procyanidin group (PC n=9, treated by 100 mg/(kg/day)), and another sham group (sham n=10), Each group was further divided into by 2W and 4W: MI2W and 4W, PC2W and 4W, sham2W and 4W (5/group). Conditions of inflammatory cellular infiltration in the infarcted and non-infarcted zone were observed at two and four weeks after MI with histopathological methods, The expression of TNFα was detected by semiquantitative RT-PCR, the expression of inflammatory protein of TNFα was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results After MI two and four weeks, procyanidin group compared with the MI control, the gene and protein expression of TNFα was lower (p Conclusion Procyanidin can attenuate the myocardial inflammatory reaction and suppress the expression of TNFα.

Raman scattering from InAs nanocrystals embedded in SiO2 thin films has been measured and studied. Raman spectra of InAs nanocrystals have a similar feature with that of bulk InAs crystal. Broadened and red-shifted Raman scattering peaks were observed from the nanocrystals; this has been attributed to the phonon confinement effect. A compressive stress in the interface between InAs nanocrystals and the SiO2 matrix was also taken into account to interpret the red shift.

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin films have been grown successfully by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The infrared spectra of the as prepared films are consistent with those of the PTFE target. However, chains in the films become shorter than those in the bulk.

Improving the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells is critical to the deployment of this technology. Despite the great emphasis laid on stability-related investigations, publications lack consistency in experimental procedures and parameters reported. It is therefore challenging to reproduce and compare results and thereby develop a deep understanding of degradation mechanisms. Here, we report a consensus between researchers in the field on procedures for testing perovskite solar cell stability, which are based on the International Summit on Organic Photovoltaic Stability (ISOS) protocols. We propose additional procedures to account for properties specific to PSCs such as ion redistribution under electric fields, reversible degradation and to distinguish ambient-induced degradation from other stress factors. These protocols are not intended as a replacement of the existing qualification standards, but rather they aim to unify the stability assessment and to understand failure modes. Finally, we identify key procedural information which we suggest reporting in publications to improve reproducibility and enable large data set analysis., This article is based upon work from COST Action StableNextSol MP1307 supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). M.V.K., E.A.K., V.B. and A.O. thank the financial support of the United States – Israel Binational Science Foundation (grant no. 2015757). E.A.K., A.A. and I.V.-F. acknowledge partial support from the SNaPSHoTs project in the framework of the German-Israeli bilateral R&D cooperation in the field of applied nanotechnology. M.S.L. thanks the financial support of National Science Foundation (ECCS, award #1610833). S.C., M.Manceau and M.Matheron thank the financial support of European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no 763989 (APOLO project). F.D.R. and T.M.W. would like to acknowledge the support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through the SPECIFIC Innovation and Knowledge Centre (EP/N020863/1) and express their gratitude to the Welsh Government for their support of the Ser Solar programme. P.A.T. acknowledges financial support from the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-73-30020). J.K. acknowledges the support by the Solar Photovoltaic Academic Research Consortium II (SPARC II) project, gratefully funded by WEFO. M.K.N. acknowledges financial support from Innosuisse project 25590.1 PFNM-NM, Solaronix, Aubonne, Switzerland. C.-Q.M. would like to acknowledge The Bureau of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Sciences for the support of ISOS11 and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China for the financial support (no. 2016YFA0200700). N.G.P. acknowledges financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea under contracts NRF-2012M3A6A7054861 and NRF-2014M3A6A7060583 (Global Frontier R&D Program on Center for Multiscale Energy System). CSIRO’s contribution to this work was conducted with funding support from the Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA) through its Advancing Renewables Program. A.F.N gratefully acknowledges support from FAPESP (Grant 2017/11986-5) and Shell and the strategic importance of the support given by ANP (Brazil’s National Oil, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency) through the R&D levy regulation. Y.-L.L. and Q.B. acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation under award no. 1824674. S.D.S. acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (HYPERION, grant agreement no. 756962), and the Royal Society and Tata Group (UF150033). The work at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC36-08GO28308 with Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC, the manager and operator of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The authors (J.J.B, J.M.L., M.O.R, K.Z.) acknowledge support from the ‘De-risking halide perovskite solar cells’ program of the National Center for Photovoltaics, funded by the US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Solar Energy Technology Office. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the DOE or the US Government. H.J.S. acknowledges the support of EPSRC UK, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. V.T. and M.Madsen acknowledge ‘Villum Foundation’ for funding of the project CompliantPV, under project no. 13365. M.Madsen acknowledges Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond, DFF FTP for funding of the project React-PV, no. 8022-00389B. M.G. and S.M.Z. thank the King Abdulaziz City for Science and technology (KACST) for financial support. S.V. acknowledges TKI-UE/Ministry of Economic Affairs for financial support of the TKI-UE toeslag project POP-ART (no. 1621103). RC thanks the grants for Development of New Faculty Staff, Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund. A.D.C. gratefully acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (grant agreement no. 785219-GrapheneCore2 and no. 764047-ESPResSo). M.L.C. and H.X. acknowledges the support from Spanish MINECO for the grant GraPErOs (ENE2016-79282-C5-2-R), the OrgEnergy Excellence Network CTQ2016-81911- REDT, the Agència de Gestiód’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) for the support to the consolidated Catalonia research group 2017 SGR 329 and the Xarxa de Referència en Materials Avançats per a l’Energia (Xarmae). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MINECO (Grant no. SEV-2017-0706) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.