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Vasculopathy is an important complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is closely related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Haptoglobin (Hp), an acute-phase protein, binds to hemoglobin (Hb) and prevents haeme-iron oxidative damage. To investigate the distribution of the frequencies of Hp genotypes and to analyse the association between Hp gene polymorphisms and vascular complications in diabetes patients. The study included 171 patients with T2DM without vascular complications and 797 patients with T2DM with vascular complications. The clinical characteristics of the studied population were recorded. Hp genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction–sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). Our results showed that the frequencies of Hp genotypes in all 968 T2DM patients were as follows: Hp1-1, 4.98%; Hp2-1, 38.07%; and Hp2-2, 56.95%. Although there was no significant difference in the Hp allele or genotype frequencies among individuals with vascular complications in the T2DM groups and controls regardless of gender, we found that the distribution of the Hp2-2 genotype and allele frequency was higher in males with diabetic retinopathy than in the control group (p

Transparent conductive oxide (TCO) semiconductors are attracted considerable attention due to a wide range of applications, such as flat panel display (FPD), touch panels, solar cells, and other optoelectronic devices. Owing to the different carrier conduction paths between n-type and P-type TCOs, the n-type TCO used in TFTs usually have high Ion/Ioff current ratio (>107) and high electron mobility (>10 cm2/V·s), P-type TCO TFTs are both lower than that of n-type one. For complementary circuits design and applications, however, both P-type and n-type semiconductor materials are equally important. For SnO thin films, it is important to adjust the ratio of Sn2+ (SnO P-type) and Sn4+ (SnO2 n-type) in order to modulate the electrical characteristics. In this investigation of post treatment for SnO thin films, both microwave annealing (MWA) and furnace annealing process with 02 ambient are studied. The results show that SnO thin films are optimized at 300 °C, 30 minutes furnace annealing, the P-type SnO/SnO2 thin film shows surface mean roughness 0.168 nm, [Sn2+]/[Sn4+] ratio as 0.838, at least 80% transmittance between 380 nm-700 nm visible light. Withthe results, SnO can be even used to fabricate high performance P-type thin film transistors (TFTs) device for future applications.

Infectious diseases, including COVID-19, are crucial public health issues and may lead to considerable fear among the general public and stigmatization of, and discrimination against, specific populations. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of stigma in infectious disease epidemics. We systematically searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases since inception to June 08, 2021, and reported the prevalence of stigma towards people with infectious diseases including SARS, H1N1, MERS, Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19. A total of 50 eligible articles were included that contributed 51 estimates of prevalence in 92722 participants. The overall pooled prevalence of stigma across all populations was 34% [95% CI: 28-40%], including enacted stigma (36% [95% CI: 28-44%]) and perceived stigma (31% [95% CI: 22-40%]). The prevalence of stigma in patients, community population, and health care workers, was 38% [95% CI: 12- 65%], 36% [95% CI: 28-45%], and 30% [95% CI: 20-40%], respectively. The prevalence of stigma in participants from low- and middle-income countries was 37% [95% CI: 29-45%], which is higher than that from high-income countries (27% [95% CI: 18-36%]) though this difference was not statistically significant. A similar trend of prevalence of stigma was also observed in individuals with lower education (47% [95% CI: 23-71%]) compared to higher education level (33% [95% CI: 23-4%]). These findings indicate that stigma is a significant public health concern, and effective and comprehensive interventions are needed to counteract the damaging effects of the infodemics during infectious disease epidemics, including COVID-19, and reduce infectious disease-related stigma.

Stopping maneuver is an important research topic in ship maneuverability. The stopping ability of ship is not only related to the hydrodynamic characteristics of hull, rudder and propeller, but also related to the capacity of main engine. However, there are few researches on the capacity of main engine under reversed propulsion condition. In the paper, a numerical water tank is established to simulate the propeller loads using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software STAR CCM+. The numerical model is firstly validated by experimental data, and then is used to investigate the propeller loads on a full-scale model with different ship speed and propeller speed. By dimensionless, the relations between the advance coefficient and the load coefficients are shown as J - KT curves and J - KQ curves. Furtherly, the flow structures near the propeller and the pressure on the propeller with different J values are investigated. The simulations reveal that the flow velocities induced by the reversed propulsion of the propeller is similar to the wake flow by ship with J = -0.49. That is the reason for the minimum points of J - KT and J - KQ curve occurring in cases with J = -0.49. Subsequently, the capacity of the main engine and the output load of the propeller are considered comprehensively. The relations between the ship speeds and the maximum output loads on the propeller are discussed in details.

Yu-Xiong Guo,1,2,* Hong-Xia Ma,1– 3,* Yu-Xin Zhang,2 Zhi-Hong Chen,2 Qiong-Xiang Zhai1,2 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Qiong-Xiang ZhaiDepartment of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Second Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-2083827812-76222Fax +86-20-8328480Email zhaiqx_241@163.comBackground: Intellectual developmental disorders (IDD) generally refers to the persistent impairment of cognitive activities and mental retardation caused by physical damage to the brain or incomplete brain development. We aimed to explore its genetic causes.Methods: In this study, 21 IDD patients were recruited. The Gesell developmental scales (GDS) and Wechsler intelligence scale for children (WISC) were used to assess the impaired level of intellectual development for all probands. A superconducting MRI scanner (Philips AcsNT 3.0 T Philips, Best, The Netherlands) was used to perform a plain MRI scan of the skull on the probands. The whole-exome sequencing was carried out using next-generation sequencing in all probands and their families.Results: Eight had seizures and four had typical characteristics of autism. Pregnancy and delivery were uneventful except for three patients. Moderate IDD (52.4%) accounted for the majority. The abnormal MRI results included ventriculomegaly, pachygyria, broadening external cerebral space, abnormal signal change and agenesis of corpus callosum. Eleven variants were identified, including the variant in CREBBP, MECP2, HCFC1, ATRX, RAB39B, CLCN4, DYRK1A and CASKgenes. The function areas result of gene-positive group were compared to that of gene-negative group. Not significant (p> 0.05) items were revealed after this analysis.Conclusion: Eleven variants were identified, including the variant in CREBBP, MECP2, HCFC1, ATRX, RAB39B, CLCN4, DYRK1A and CASK genes. The function areas result of gene-positive group were not significantly different from the gene-negative group.Keywords: intellectual developmental disorders, gene variant, whole-exome sequencing

Recently oxide-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) are investigated for emerging applications of the next generation display devices and other electronic circuits (Fortunato, E., et al., 2012. Oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors: A review of recent advances. Advanced Materials, 24, pp.2945–2986). Despite of the great success in n-type oxide semiconductors with high transparency and high field-effect mobility, high performance P-type oxide TFTs are so highly desired that complementary circuits can be realized with low power and high performance (Ou, W.C., et al., 2008. Anomalous P-channel amorphous oxide transistors based on tin oxide and their complementary circuits. Applied Physics Letters, 92, p.122113). There are some oxides such as SnO, CuO, Cu2O and NiO are regarded as promising P-type semiconductor materials. In this investigation, tin oxide SnOx is fabricated to be active layer for TFTs device, and furnace annealing with several combinations of nitrogen and oxygen ambient is compared to enhance the electrical characteristics of P-type SnOx TFTs (Park, K.S., et al., 2009. High performance solution-processed and lithographically patterned zinc-tin oxide thin-film transistors with good operational stability. Electrochemical and Solid-State Lett., 12, pp.H256–H258). The results show that with N2+O2 ambient, 30 minutes furnace annealing, the P-type SnOx TFTs device shows better performance with mobility (μFE) 0.883 cm2/V · S, threshold voltage (VT) −4.63 V, subthreshold swing (SS) 1.15 V/decade, and Ion/Ioff ratio 1.01×103.

Recently resistive random access memory (RRAM) is considered to be the most promising one to become the next generation memory since its simple Metal/Insulator/Metal (MIM) structure, lower power consumption and fabrication cost (Meena, J.S., et al., 2014. Overview of emerging nonvolatile memory technologies. Nanoscale Research Letters, 9(1), p.526). Due to some bottlenecks for current flash memory, such as high operation voltage, low operation speed, poor retention time and endurance, RRAM device is regarded as an alternative solution (Fuh, C.S., et al., 2011. Role of environmental and annealing conditions on the passivation-free In–Ga–Zn–O TFT. Thin Solid Films, 520, pp.1489–1494). In this investigation, the memory layer of RRAM device is IGZO, and it is deposited with AP-PECVD technique which can operate under atmosphere, reduce cost of the process. Microwave annealing (MWA) is used to enhance the RRAM device reliability (Fuh, C.S., et al., 2011. Role of environmental and annealing conditions on the passivation-free In–Ga–Zn–O TFT. Thin Solid Films, 520, pp.1489–1494). Experiment shows that with appropriate MWA treatment, the IGZO RRAM device exhibits better electrical characteristics, reliability issues such as numbers of switching cycle and data retention time are also improved (Teng, L.F., et al., 2012. Effects of microwave annealing on electrical enhancement of amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film transistor. Applied Physics Letters, 101, p.132901).

AIM This study aimed to investigate the influence of single-nucleotide polymorphism in exon 26 (C3435T) of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) transporter gene on the concentration of methotrexate (MTX) in Chinese childhood patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving intravenous (IV) and intrathecal (IT) high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS MDR1 C3435T polymorphism was investigated in 60 patients with Chinese childhood ALL. The study also compared the MDR1; polymorphism between the patients with Chinese childhood ALL and the published data on Americans, Mexicans, Caucasians, and Thais. The C3435T polymorphism was identified using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and direct sequence analysis. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of MTX were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MTX concentrations were compared according to MDR1 C3435T genotypes. RESULTS The frequencies of MDR1 C3435T genotype in male and female patients with Chinese childhood ALL were significantly different (p = 0.001). For the frequencies of MDR1 C3435T genotype in Hui and Han patients with Chinese childhood ALL there was no difference (p = 0.188). The distribution of allele frequencies in patients with Chinese childhood ALL was similar to the published data on Americans, Mexican, Caucasians, and Thais (p > 0.05). The CSF concentrations of MTX were found to be significantly different between the C allele (CC + CT) carriers and TT homozygous group (p = 0.04). The plasma concentrations of MTX had no significant difference between the C allele (CC + CT) carriers and TT homozygous group (p > 0.1). CONCLUSION This study showed that the polymorphism of MDR1 C3435T influenced the CSF concentration of MTX in patients with Chinese childhood ALL receiving IV and IT HDMTX treatment.

Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head, central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015; we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir; finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows. (1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project (TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by 30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases: the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project (2002–2010); only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015. (2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution; thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences. (3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest, and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages. (4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.

In the past few years, thin film transistors have a wide range of applications on display technology, material selection and quality for its active layer is critical for device performance. Traditional amorphous silicon (a-Si) silicon has a lot of advantages such as good productivity, short process and low-cost. It also has a lot of shortcomings on these applications on TFTs such as photosensitivity, light degradation, and opacity, etc. The dispute of the material based on a-Si:H as an active layer in TFT is low field effect mobility (~1 cm²/V·S) (M. Shur and M. Hack, J. Appl. Phys. 55, 3831 (1984)), photo sensitivity (low band gap about 1.7 V) and high deposition temperature (~400 °C) (M. Shur, et al., J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3371 (1989); K. Khakzar and E. H. Lueder, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 39, 1438 (1992)). Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) had attracted attention that compared with the conventional a-Si:H, due to its good properties of simultaneously high/low conductivity with high visual transparency via doping level. Oxide-based semiconductors, such as ZnO (G. Adamopoulos, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 133507-3 (2009); H.-C. Cheng, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 012113-3 (2007)) and IGZO (C. J. Chiu, et al., Electron Device Letters, IEEE 31, 1245 (2010); L. Linfeng and P. Junbiao, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 58, 1452 (2011)) have been reported for the active channel layer. These oxide-based materials offer good electrical properties and high transparency for thin film transistors, its high transmittance can be applied to fabricate the full transparent TFT on flexible substrate. With In-Situ hydrogen plasma treatment on a-IGZO produced by atmospheric pressure-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD), the material characteristics of a-IGZO is studied.

Conventional thin film transistor suffered from high threshold voltage, poor subthreshold swing, and high operation voltage. These shortcomings make the traditional thin film transistor does not meet the needs with the high-performance, high-resolution, low temperature and energy conservation nowadays. Due to the good selectivity of energy transformation and rapid heating rate, microwave annealing is promising to replace conventional furnace annealing and applied in the investigation. LaAlO₃/ZrO₂ is employed as gate electrode and gate dielectric layer for a-IGZO TFTs, under the premise that performance of a-IGZO TFTs without decreasing. With adjusting the power/time of microwave annealing, the effect on electrical characteristics of a-IGZO TFTs is investigated.

TFT panel production process can be divided into three kinds of technology. There have amorphous silicon (a-Si), low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) and amorphous IGZO (a-IGZO) oxide. Traditional amorphous silicon (a-Si) silicon has a lot of advantages such as good productivity, short process and low-cost. It also has a lot of shortcomings on these applications on TFTs such as photosensitivity, light degradation, and opacity, etc. The dispute of the material based on a-Si:H as an active layer in TFT is low field effect mobility (~1 cm²/V·S) (M. Shur and M. Hack, J. Appl. Phys. 55, 3831 (1984)), photo sensitivity (low band gap about 1.7 V) and high deposition temperature (~400 °C) (M. Shur, et al., J. Appl. Phys. 66, 3371 (1989); K. khakzar and E. H. Lueder, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 39, 1438 (1992)). Amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) had attracted attention that compared with the conventional a-Si:H, in the past three years, a-IGZO thin film transistors is more popular which compared with the other oxide semiconductors, because of its larger Ion/Ioff ratio (>106, smaller subthreshold swing (SS), better field-effect mobility and better stability against electrical stress. Hydrogen plasma treatment is applied in improving a-IGZO TFTs active layer, which is fabricated by atmospheric pressure-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD), the electrical characteristics of a-IGZO TFTs is investigated.

The proportions of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involving portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) varies greatly in different countries or regions, ranging from 13% to 45%. The treatment regimens for PVTT recommended by HCC guidelines in different countries or regions also vary greatly. In recent years, with the progress and development of surgical concepts, radiotherapy techniques, systematic therapies (for example, VEGF inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors), patients with HCC involving PVTT have more treatment options and their prognoses have been significantly improved. To achieve the maximum benefit, both clinicians and patients need to think rationally about the indications of treatment modalities, the occurrence of severe adverse events, and the optimal fit for the population. In this review, we provide an update on the treatment modalities available for patients with HCC involving PVTT. Trials with large sample size for patients with advanced or unresectable HCC are also reviewed.

Pandemics have become more frequent and more complex during the twenty-first century. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following pandemics is a significant public health concern. We sought to provide a reliable estimate of the worldwide prevalence of PTSD after large-scale pandemics as well as associated risk factors, by a systematic review and meta-analysis. We systematically searched the MedLine, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, medRxiv, and bioRxiv databases to identify studies that were published from the inception up to August 23, 2020, and reported the prevalence of PTSD after pandemics including sudden acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), H1N1, Poliomyelitis, Ebola, Zika, Nipah, Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), H5N1, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 88 studies were included in the analysis, with 77 having prevalence information and 70 having risk factors information. The overall pooled prevalence of post-pandemic PTSD across all populations was 22.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.9-25.4%, I2: 99.7%). Healthcare workers had the highest prevalence of PTSD (26.9%; 95% CI: 20.3-33.6%), followed by infected cases (23.8%: 16.6-31.0%), and the general public (19.3%: 15.3-23.2%). However, the heterogeneity of study findings indicates that results should be interpreted cautiously. Risk factors including individual, family, and societal factors, pandemic-related factors, and specific factors in healthcare workers and patients for post-pandemic PTSD were summarized and discussed in this systematic review. Long-term monitoring and early interventions should be implemented to improve post-pandemic mental health and long-term recovery.

Aims To provide evidence for the clinically rational administration of bupropion (BUP), the effects of high-fat diet and CYP2B6 mutants on BUP and hydroxybupropion (HBUP) among 44 healthy Chinese subjects. Methods The concentrations of BUP and HBUP in plasma were determined with a high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. Genotypes were ascertained after amplified by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and time to Cmax (tmax) of BUP as well as the concentration–time curve (AUC(0→96)) and Cmax of HBUP all increased by 1.18-, 1.41-, 1.38-, and 1.33-fold in the feeding group relative to the fasting group, respectively. Interestingly, the Cmax and terminal half-life (t1/2) of BUP increased by 1.33- and 1.39-fold among those subjects carrying the CYP2B6*1/*1 genotype in the feeding group relative to those in the fasting group. Similarly, the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL) of HBUP increased by 1.38- and 1.59-fold, respectively, while the Cmax and AUC(0→96) of HBUP decreased by 1.44- and 1.49-fold among those subjects carrying the CYP2B6*1/*1 genotype in the feeding group relative to those in the fasting group. Concliusion These data suggest that high-fat diet and CYP2B6 mutants can influence the pharmacokinetic parameters of BUP and HBUP, thereby offering clear evidence for the rational administration of BUP among Chinese subjects in clinical settings.

Introduction: though endoscopic and percutaneous drainage have emerged as the most common minimally invasive treatments for pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs), estimates of therapeutic superiority for either treatment have yielded inconsistent results. Methods: we retrieved studies comparing the efficacy and safety of these two approaches in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Primary outcomes were differences in technical success, clinical success, and adverse events, and secondary outcomes included differences in reintervention, need for surgical intervention, mortality, recurrence rate, and length of hospital stay. Results: there were nonsignificant differences in technical success rate (OR 0.54; CI: 0.15-1.86), clinical success rate (OR 1.39; CI: 0.82-2.37), adverse events rate (OR 1.21; CI: 0.70-2.11), mortality rate (OR 0.81; CI: 0.30-2.16), and recurrence rate (OR 1.94; CI 0.74-5.07) between the two groups. Reintervention rate (OR 0.19; CI: 0.08-0.45) and percentage of need for surgical intervention (OR 0.08; CI: 0.02-0.39) in the endoscopic drainage group were much lower than in the percutaneous drainage group. Total length of hospital stay (standard mean difference [SMD] -0.60; CI: -0.84 to -0.36) in the endoscopic drainage group was shorter; however, there was a nonsignificant difference in the length of post-procedure hospital stay (SMD: -0.30; CI: -1.05-0.44) between the two groups. Conclusion: endoscopic drainage is effective for PFCs, and superior in terms of lower reintervention and need for surgery rates over traditional percutaneous drainage, despite a similar clinical efficacy and safety compared with traditional percutaneous drainage.

As a typical stylized fact in stock market, fat-tail phenomenon has been widely concerned and applied to risk management practice, while the mechanism of its production has been a mystery for a long time. Based on the discussion of the modeling paradigms of the emerging agent-based computational finance, classical finance and behavioral finance, this paper deems that the later two models cannot study fat-tail phenomenon. The agent-based computational finance model has great potential, but its ability to solve financial problems is impeded by the confused modeling solutions. In this paper, an agent-based modeling approach for computational finance is presented. According to the new approach, a simple and analysable model is established. The evidence that market microstructure can produce fat-tail phenomenon has been found, and its mechanism has been analyzed. Results and conclusions of this study will influence ideas of applying fat-tail phenomenon to risk management.

Compared with the well-documented research on the supply and demand of cultural ecosystem services (CESs), there is a knowledge gap with respect to service connecting areas. SCAs are areas that connect the supply of CESs with the demand for CESs. We developed a framework with which to analyze the relationship between CES provision, benefit, and connection areas. The framework was applied to Aba Prefecture in the southwestern mountainous area of China. Landscapes with alpine gorges and unique Tibetan – qiangzhu culture provide a large variety of cultural services but coexist with a high risk of landslides and debris flows occurring. The results show that the study area provides rich but scattered CESs, leading to low accessibility with travel times varying from 53 min to 11½ hours. A CES connection area includes roads and towns along the route. This is a high risk area for landslides and debris flow, with a disaster density of 4 events per 10 km per year. Geological disasters in SCAs significantly reduce CES accessibility, with up to tenfold increase in travel time. Section C of national road G213 bears the critical impact on CES, with cumulative IFd of 59.8 days. Integrated management can be implemented by regional partitioning, protecting and enhancing CES supply in the provision area, strengthening governance and improving accessibility after geological disasters in the connection areas, optimizing the supply of SPAs, and improving transmission of disaster warning information for CES users in the benefit area(s). Keywords: Critical area, Geological disasters, Service connection area, Aba prefecture, China

Non-volatile memory (NVM) is essential in almost every consumer electronic products. The most prevalent NVM used nowadays is flash memory (Meena, J.S., et al., 2014. Overview of emerging nonvolatile memory technologies. Nanoscale Res. Letters, 9(1), p.526). However, some bottlenecks of flash memory have been identified, such as high operation voltage, low operation speed, and poor retention time. Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is considered to be the most promising one to become the next generation NVM device since its simple structure, fast program/erase speed, and low power consumption. In this experiment, the RRAM device is fabricated, and its IGZO (memory) layer is deposited with AP-PECVD technique which can reduce cost of the process. Microwave annealing (MWA) is used to enhance electrical characteristics of the RRAM device (Fuh, C.S., et al., 2011. Role of environmental and annealing conditions on the passivation-free In–Ga– Zn–O TFT. Thin Solid Films, 520, pp.1489–1494). Experiment results show that with appropriate MWA treatment, the IGZO RRAM device exhibits better electrical characteristics under bipolar operation, all forming/set/reset voltage for RRAM device is simultaneously lowered.

BACKGROUND Bupropion (BUP) is an antidepressant and its pharmacological activity is mediated by its major metabolite, hydroxybupropion (HBUP). We investigated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of CYP2B6 on BUP and HBUP to provide certain evidence on the clinical rational administration of BUP. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plasma BUP and HBUP concentrations were assayed using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS A total of 23 healthy volunteers (eleven participants with CYP2B6*1/*1, 7 participants with CYP2B6*1/*6, 3 participants with CYP2B6*4/*6, and 2 participants with CYP2B6*1/*4) received orally administered 150 mg of BUP according to protocol. Blood samples were obtained up to 96 hours after administration. The whole blood was subject to genotyping by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The concentration-time curve (AUC(0→96)), maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), and terminal half-life (t1/2) values of BUP in CYP2B6*1/*4 were lower than those of CYP2B6*1/*1. By contrast, the time to Cmax (tmax) value of the former was higher than that of the latter. The HBUP AUC(0→96) values in CYP2B6*4/*6 and CYP2B6*1/*4 increased to values 1.12-fold and 1.98-fold, compared with CYP2B6*1/*1 carriers. However, the HBUP AUC(0→96) value in CYP2B6*1/*1 was 1.51-fold higher than that in CYP2B6*1/*6. Similarly, the HBUP Cmax values in CYP2B6*4/*6 and CYP2B6*1/*4 increased by 1.12-fold and 1.97-fold, whereas the HBUP Cmax value in CYP2B6*1/*6 decreased to a value 1.64-fold lower than that in CYP2B6*1/*1. CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2B6 influence the pharmacokinetic parameters of BUP and HBUP and thus establish rational BUP administration for Chinese patients in clinical settings.

Atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD) was employed for the fabrication of indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO TFTs) with high transparent gallium zinc oxide (GZO) source/drain electrodes. The influence of post-deposition annealing (PDA) temperature on GZO source/drain and device performance was studied. Device with a 300 °C annealing demonstrated excellent electrical characteristics with on/off current ratio of 2.13 × 108, saturation mobility of 10 cm2/V-s, and low subthreshold swing of 0.2 V/dec. The gate stacked LaAlO3/ZrO2 of AP-IGZO TFTs with highly transparent and conductive AP-GZO source/drain electrode show excellent gate control ability at a low operating voltage.

Atmospheric pressure plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (AP-PECVD) technique and KrF excimer laser annealing (ELA) were employed for the fabrication of indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors (IGZO-TFTs). Device with a 150 mJ/cm2 laser annealing densities demonstrated excellent electrical characteristics with improved on/off current ratio of 4.7×107, high channel mobility of 10 cm2/V-s, and low subthreshold swing of 0.15 V/dec. The improvements are attributed to the adjustment of oxygen vacancies in the IGZO channel to an appropriate range of around 28.3% and the reduction of traps at the high-k/IGZO interface.

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic Spiegel lobectomy is difficult due to its deep location and being surrounded by gross vessels. Extrahepatic Glissonean pedicle transection method has been proposed by Takasaki during open liver resections. This approach can be successfully performed during laparoscopic anatomic hepatectomy. Here we describe pure laparoscopic Spiegel lobectomy using the extrahepatic Glissonean approach. METHODS The patient was a 25-year-old male with a background of hepatitis B. A 1.5 cm×1.7 cm mass was detected in liver Spiegel lobe and highly suspected to be an hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver function was normal (Child-pugh 5), and alpha-fetoprotein was within the normal ranges. Laparoscopic Spiegel lobectomy using extrahepatic Glissonean approach was proposed. The hilar plate was partly detached from liver parenchyma, and 2 Glissonean pedicles of the Spiegel lobe were dissected, clamped and divided. Liver parenchymal transection was performed using the harmonic scalpel. RESULTS The operation time was 196 minutes without Pringle's maneuver. Estimated blood loss was

The characteristic of hull wake for a ship operating in oblique flow significantly affects the ship performance at off-design conditions. This paper presents a numerical study on the hull wakes under oblique flow conditions and analyzes the scale effect. RANS method combined with SST k-ω turbulence model is adopted and an international benchmark ship, Japan Bulk Carrier (JBC), is computed. Drift angles ranging from 0° to 20° with an interval of 5° are considered. Results show that the oblique flow considerably changes the hull wake field. Unlike a left-right symmetric pattern at zero drift angle, the nominal wake in oblique flow conditions shows a strong asymmetry since the flow at the windward side is close to the incoming flow whereas the flow at the leeward side is featured by the vortices detached from the hull. It is also revealed that the mean wake fraction decreases as the drift angle increases. Both model and full scales are simulated and the comparison between them shows significant differences in the wake pattern on the leeward side and the magnitude of the mean wake fraction. Compared with the model scale, the full scale has a stronger aft-body vortex and a smaller mean wake fraction.

Large propeller lateral loads may be generated under oblique flow condition, which is critical to the safety of stern tube bearing of a ship. In the present study, the effect of oblique flow on propeller lateral loads is numerically investigated based on URANS method, coupled with SST k-ω turbulent model and sliding mesh method. An 82, 000 DWT bulk carrier with a single right-handed screw is computed. Both open water and behind-hull conditions are simulated for a range of drift angles from −20 to 20°. The lateral loads in open water increase with the drift angle increasing in a slightly non-linear trend. However, the behind-hull results are quite different from that in open water. At behind-hull conditions, the horizontal loads monotonously, non-linearly increase as the drift angle increases, while the vertical loads peak at the −5 deg drift angle (corresponding to the transverse flow coming from the portside). In large drift angles, the behind-hull lateral loads reach a larger percentage of the axial loads compared with the open-water results. Scale effect is also investigated by simulating the behind-hull flows with three scales. It is revealed that the increase in scales causes a slight decrease on the horizontal loads independently of drift angles, while it causes a remarkable increase and decrease on the vertical components for positive and negative drift angles, respectively.

Amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOSs) are attracted much attention due to high mobility, low temperature deposition, flexible, transmission, and uniformity. The thin film transistors (TFTs) with a-IGZO thin film as active layer perform higher field-effect mobility (>10 cm²/V·S), larger Ion/Ioff ratio (106), smaller subthreshold swing and better stability against electrical stress. LaAlO₃/ZrO₂ is employed as gate electrode and gate dielectric layer for a-IGZO TFTs, under the premise that performance of a-IGZO TFTs without decreasing. Due to the good selectivity of energy transformation and rapid heating rate, microwave annealing is applied to improve the device reliability in the investigation. With adjusting the parameter of microwave annealing, the effect on reliability characteristics of a-IGZO TFTs is studied.

This paper proposes a new idea about damping of suspended floor in huge frame constructions. By using mode-superposition response spectrum method, the inner force and displacement in theory was obtained. Suspended floor system has economical, theoretical, social and humanistic benefits, but is not mature technically. Thus in the end, the paper proposes subsequent researching directions about damping of suspended floor system based on the basic assumption in the program.

This paper proposes a new idea about damping of suspended floor in huge frame constructions. Experimental program and physical models were made, and then a lot of vibration tests by controlling acceleration and amplitude were taken respectively. The result shows that suspended floor has damping effect in a certain area and the damping degree is related to acceleration and amplitude. It also illustrates that changing frequency has more remarkable effect than changing amplitude.

In recent years, the tertiary industry becomes more and more vibrant. Tourism, especially inbound tourism service trade has developed to a new stage. However, the research of China inbound tourism is at its primary stage with little research on competitiveness of Tianjin inbound tourism service trade. In this thesis, inbound tourism trade in Tianjin is researched using questionnaire survey to explore its competitiveness and find out related factors affecting the competitiveness from the perspective of visitors. By using SPSS to make factor analysis, three great influencing factors, namely service infrastructure, labor and capital are found out, and the degree of their influence are figured out by factor analysis and multiple regression analysis in the hope of finding out core influencing factor in its competitiveness. Facing Bohai on the east, Tianjin has Tianjin Port, the No.6 port in China, which has a cargo handling capacity of 0.5 trillion and becomes the sea portal of Beijing. Binhai New District and the No.3 growth pole of China’s economy. It is the core shipping area of northern part of China. Tianjin, one of the four municipalities directly under the central government, has the name of ‘state-list famous historical and culture city’, ‘first batch of excellent tourism cities’, etc.

Creep landslide tunnel deformation is a diversity,changeability, less information, complicated nonlinear problem, it’s unable to establish accurate mathematical model.A creep landslide tunnel deformation prediction model based on SVM was constructed in this paper to enhance prediction accuracy, and penalty parameter c and Kernel function parameter g of SVM were optimized by genetic algorithms (GA).nine closely related factors in creep landslide tunnel deformation were selected as Input vector of SVM , creep landslide tunnel deformation measured value as a model target output. In Matlab 2011b simulation software,80 groups observation data from 2012 to 2013 of Laoyeling tunnel in Changchun to Hunchun highway of Jilin province as the sample data, 70 groups were used as training set, other 10 groups were used as testing set. The simulation result shows that testing value is very close to the true value in this method, the average relative error close to 2%. Effectiveness of the creep landslide tunnel deformation prediction based on GA_SVM model is verified by experiments.

ObjectiveTo observe the protection effect of rhTPO and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on brain nerve after hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats, exploring new ways for the laboratory basis of treatment for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and provide for possible.MethodsA total of 120 newborn SD rats aging 7 d were randomly divided into control group, model group, TPO group and G-CSF group, using the method of blockingleft carotid artery to establish HIBD model. The left carotid artery was only seperated rather than blocked in the control group; after modeling, saline injection, rhTPO treatment and G-CSF treatment were adopted in the model group, TPO group and G-CSF group respectively. Then 10 rats of 4 groups were executed at Day 3, 7, 14 after modeling, brain tissue was extracted to observe the brain damage; Immunohistochemical method was used to observe the histopathological changes of brain tissue and changes of nest protein (nestin) expression.ResultsInjured brain mass of model group, TPO group and G-CSF group were significantly higher than that of control group at corresponding time point (P

In this paper, a predicting model of silicon content in blast furnace hot metal is built based on artificial neural network and genetic algorithm, which optimizes the initialization weight values of neural network with genetic algorithm. This model can effectively improve the prediction accuracy and reduce the calculating time. Online application shows that the predicting model can effectively predict the silicon content in blast furnace hot metal and play an important role in production. when required absolute error was within ±0.03, the accuracy of model can reach 81.4%, and when absolute error was within ±0.04, the accuracy can reach 91.4%.

Cloing and hypermutation of immune theory were used in optimization on particle swarm optimization (PSO), an immune particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm was proposed , which overcome the problem of premature convergence on PSO. IPSO was used in BP Neural Network training to overcome slow convergence speed and easily getting into local dinky value of gradient descent algorithm. BP Neural Network trained by IPSO was used to fault diagnosis of power transformer, it has high accuracy after experimental verification and to meet the power transformer diagnosis engineering requirements.

This paper proposes a new intelligent video surveillance system based on Android phone. By using Android phone, this system can be deployed easily and quickly. Compare with the traditional surveillance system, this new one uses Android phone to replace the large and expensive surveillance cameras. In addition, the functions of back-end equipment of the traditional system have been moved to the front-end equipment. With a modified invasion detection algorithm, the front-end equipment becomes more intelligent. This schema can significantly increase the mobility and flexibility of the entire system. Therefore this system will have a better performance dealing with emergencies in different surveillance scenarios. Moreover, this state-of-art intelligent video surveillance system not only brings a new method for surveillance, but also advances the development of surveillance techniques.

Elastic modulus is an important parameter in structural analysis. This paper identifys the structural elastic modulus with measured displacements, which is an inverse problem. The improved genetic algorithm combined with multi-cases measurement is applied in the solution. Numerical examples have proved that the method is available.

The principle, ideas, procedures and optimization problems of the filtering algorithm were presented in the article. First, the filtering algorithm procedures of aerial image based on stochastic resonance theory was introduced, then the curve of noise strength and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) was analyzed, a golden-section fast search algorithm was proposed and discussed as well to find out the maximum point of PSNR in the process of filtering. Experimental results indicate that the filtering method in this article is superior to other methods on high noise strength aerial image, and the stability and robustness are better than other methods . The multiples of filtering image’s PSNR is 1.2~1.4 times than other methods.

To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect and mechanism of simvastatin on secondary inflammatory damage of rats with cerebral hemorrhage.Sixty SD rat aged 9-12 weeks were chosen and divided into the control group, model group and simvastatin-treated group randomly with 20 rats in each group. Rats in the model group and simvastatin-treated group were infused with autologous fresh uncoagulated blood to the right brain tissue of the basal ganglia to build the cerebral hemorrhage model, while rats in the control group were treated with the same amount of normal saline. Then, rats in the simvastatin-treated group were given a gavage of 3 mg/kg of simvastatin once a day after modeling. Rats in the three groups were given nerve dysfunction score (NDS) and wet-dry weighting method was used to detect the brain water content (BWC) of brain tissues around the lesion of the rats. Then Nissl staining was conducted and the undamaged neurons were counted. Immunohistochemical SP method was applied to count the number of NF-κB, TLR4 and IL-1β positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions, and the immuno fluorescence method was employed to determine the expression levels of NF-κB, TLR4 and IL-1β proteins.The NDS results of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly higher than those of the model group (P 0.05); the BWC values of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly lower than those of the model group at the same periods (P 0.05); the number of the undamaged neurons around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group at all time points were all significantly higher than those of the model group (P 0.05); seven days after treatment, the number of the NF-κB, TLR4 and IL-1β positive cells in brain tissues around the lesions of the simvastatin-treated group were all significantly lower than those of the model group (P 0.05), and its expression levels of NF-κB, TLR4 and IL-1β protein were also significantly lower than those of the model group (P 0.05).Simvastatin can inhibit the expressions of NF-κB, TLR4 and IL-1β proteins in rats with cerebral hemorrhage, and protect neurons and reduce secondary inflammatory damages by down-regulating the above protein-mediated inflammatory responses.

This paper, based on the key-frame polygon sequence, proposes a method that makes use of dynamic correction to develop continuous animation. Firstly we use quadratic Bezier curve to interpolate the corresponding sides vector of polygon sequence consecutive frame and realize the continuity of animation sequences. And then, according to Bezier curve characteristic, we conduct dynamic regulation to interpolation parameters and implement the changing smoothness. Meanwhile, we take use of Lagrange Multiplier Method to correct the polygon and close it. Finally, we provide the concrete algorithm flow and present numerical experiment results. The experiment results show that the algorithm acquires excellent effect.

The injection molding process with different wall thickness may create the obvious cavitation flaw. So carried on the kinetic simulation of filling injection using plastic advisor with Pro/E software, and discussed the melt flows in the mould. Research the cavitation defect of the jubilance toy's part with different wall thickness, and forecast reasonably position and quantity of the cavitation, and through the change of formation technological parameter, obtained the relatively good formation technological combination, achieved the reduced flaw quantity. Which provided the theory basis to study and removes the product flaw, provided reference for the discussion injection CAE, indicated it had great singlenificance for the visualization experimental study.

This paper presents a probabilistic seismic risk assessment methodology developed for Highway Bridge including models for transportation network analysis, hazard estimation, and seismic performance of highway components and evaluation of the economic impact to serve as a tool in the decision process for earthquake disaster management including pre-earthquake and post earthquake actions. This study is focused on the development of a procedure for seismic risk assessment, based on a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis.

Obtains the best deep product for the choice suitable blank dimensions, process structure and profile of the oil tank part has been analyzed, and has carried on numerical simulation target-oriented of the box bulkhead by the MSC.SuperForm software. Has studied the influence on blank with different radius of curvature and length to equivalent strain and drawing strength of 304 stainless steels, the optimization obtained the best size, voided flaw arousing because of blank size

The bridges are of much importance to the transportation network system, as they connect key highways at crucial nodes. This paper reviews and discussed risk-based methodologies to assess the risk acceptability and cost-effectiveness of protective measures for bridge under multiple manmade or natural hazards. Three risk acceptance criteria based on fatality risks, failure probabilities and net benefit assessment were described and discussed. The decision support framework accompanying these risk acceptance criteria considers hazard probabilities, value of human life, physical and indirect damages, risk reduction and protective measure costs were studied and an illustrative example was presented.

The widely recognized neuroprotective effect of iron chelators is contributed by their ability to prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via the Fenton reaction, which sequesters redox-active Fe. An additional neuroprotective mechanism of iron-chelating compounds is to regulate the transcriptional activator hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). In the present study, we observed that intranasal administration of deferoxamine decreased beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and rescued synapse loss in the brain of Aβ precursor protein and presenilin-1 (APP/PS1) double transgenic mice. We found that deferoxamine (DFO) up-regulated HIF-1α mRNA expression and its protein level, and further induced the proteins that are encoded from HIF-1-adaptive genes, including transferrin receptor (TFR), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The effects of DFO on the induction and stabilization of HIF-1α were further confirmed in vitro. This was accompanied by a decrease of Fe in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. Western blotting studies revealed that DFO differentially enhanced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/P38 kinase in vitro and in vivo. The results suggest that the DFO may up-regulate several HIF-1-dependent neuroprotective-adaptive genes in AD via activating P38/HIF-1α pathway, which may serve as important therapeutic targets to the disease.

Lying in a transformation period of economic development, economic prosperity, social progress and development in science and technology have to rely on strong competitiveness of a nation’s universities to a large degree. Internationalising education is seen as playing a role in the empowerment of students through the acquisition of skills to help them become more independent, more able to participate in society and able to make the most of the opportunities which are presented to them. Shanghai Normal University (SNU) and Edinburgh Napier University (ENU) offer a joint undergraduate programme in Civil Engineering. The programme began in 2007, four graduates have been remarkable, of course also encountered some problems and frustrations. In this paper, the program was introduced, the operation process of the project, curriculum setting, teaching resources introduction, teaching management and engineering discipline professional the difficulties encountered in the process of Sino-foreign cooperation in running schools, summarizes problems and their solutions, to share experiences and lessons.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of CYP2C19*2/*3 and MDR1 C3435T polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of lansoprazole (LPZ) in healthy Chinese subjects. METHODS All 24 subjects were from a study of bioequivalence. Plasma concentrations of LPZ were determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19*2/*3 and multidrug resistance transporter gene 1 (MDR1) C3435T of the subjects were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS Significant differences were found in the area under the concentration-time curve from predose to T (AUC(0-T)), area under the concentration-time curve from predose to infinity (AUC(0-∞), t(1/2)), and apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of LPZ between CYP2C19 extensive metabolizers and intermediate metabolizers (p < 0.05). The AUC(0-T), AUC(0-∞), maximum plasma concentration, and CL/F of LPZ were significantly different between subjects with the MDR1 C3435T C/C, C/T, and T/T polymorphisms (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CYP2C19*2/*3 and MDR1 C3435T polymorphisms are important determinants of LPZ pharmacokinetics.

This study aims to investigate clinical therapeutic measures for women with urinary incontinence (UI) complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM). We performed a retrospective cohort study, including 462 female patients with UI complicated with DM (group A) and 901 patients with UI without DM (group B). Both A and B groups were divided into three subgroups according to their UI types (pure stress UI, mixed UI dominated by urge UI, and by overactive bladder syndrome) and received corresponding treatments. The subjective and objective effective rates were analyzed statistically. The overall subjective effective rates were 62.99% and 85.23% and the overall objective effective rates were 67.53% and 87.24% for groups A and groups B, respectively; the subjective and objective effective rates were 73.68% and 89.47% for group A1 (patients with pure stress UI in group A). There was no statistical difference in group A1 between subjective and objective effective rates. Unsatisfactory clinical therapeutic efficacy was observed in women with UI complicated with DM; surgical operation should be deliberated cautiously for women with SUI complicated with DM.

The consumption of watermelon relies on the guarantee of a high quality product recently. In internal and external qualities of melons, maturity is the most important factor, which is hard to evaluate. The objective of this research was to develop a feasible non-destructive procedure for ripeness detection based on the feature of acoustic impulse response. Four features/parameters were examined for the correlation of four ripeness stages, including resonant frequency, damping coefficient, symmetry of wave, band magnitude (BM). F-ratio and analysis results showed the relationships were too weak for maturity sorting. Then, two new features, MFCC vector and band magnitude vector (BMV), were evaluated for sorting abilities. Results showed that the D-ratio of BMV was the highest in all of the features, and after tested by trained PNN with new samples, the well-classified percentage showed the best ability of BMV to detect the stages of ripeness.

Based on process of fine-blanking, a FE model of fine-blanking is established by using DEFORM-2D software, and the die wear condition is predicted in applying Archard’s wear formula. The developing trend of the die wear and workpiece edge quality are analyzed systematically, as well as the change law of m, Obtained from simulation with different cutting edge model respectively. The obtained results of this research has guiding significance for further standardizing the replacement of the die and then optimizing die structure.

To investigate the effects of resuscitation with three different oxygen concentrations on cerebral intra- and extra-cellular calcium, sodium and potassium changes in asphyxiated rat fetuses.Fifty-six fetal rats of gestational age of 20 days were randomly assigned into five study groups: sham operation group (control, n = 11), room-air resuscitation group (n = 10), and 3 oxygen-resuscitated groups (n = 14, 11, and 10 respectively). Different inhaled oxygen concentrations and different timings of oxygen delivery were assigned. Except for control all fetal rats were rendered ischemic and hypoxic in utero by interrupting the placental circulation. After re-circulation, intra- and extra-cellular concentrations of calcium, sodium, and potassium in the brains were measured for each individual group.The mean intracellular free calcium concentration of fetal rat brains was similar for the room-air resuscitation group (552.1 +/- 93.5 nmol/L) and the group resuscitated with 92.8% oxygen (520.6 +/- 79.1 nmol/L) and both were significantly higher than in the control (315.3 +/- 86.9 nmol/L) (P0.001). After resuscitation with 65% oxygen, be it instituted before or immediately after hypoxia, their mean intracellular free calcium concentrations in the brain cells (441.5 +/- 47.9 and 452.9 +/- 36.4 nmol/L respectively) were significantly lower than those in the room-air resuscitation (P0.01) and 92.8% oxygen group (P0.05), though still higher than in the control (P0.05). There was no difference in the total concentrations of calcium, sodium, or potassium among all groups.Resuscitation with 92.8% oxygen or room air exerted a similar effect on the parameters measured, indicating that resuscitation of asphyxiated neonates using 100% oxygen might not be superior to using room air. Resuscitation with 65% oxygen resulted in lower cerebral intracellular calcium concentrations and might produce a better outcome than using 100% oxygen or room air.