Search

Background In this study, we compared the effect on diabetic retinopathy (DR) between oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) alone and in combination with basal insulin‐supported OADs therapy (BOT). [Correction added on 11 November 2019, after first online publication: In Abstract under Background section, “DR” has been corrected into “diabetic retinopathy (DR)”.] Methods Between January 2015 and January 2018, this study enrolled 290 patients (age 18‐65 years) with diabetes duration between 0 and 5 years. Patients were randomly assigned to receive OADs or BOT after 14 days intensive insulin treatment. Examinations were performed at the beginning and end of the study. Results Fewer patients developed DR in the BOT than OADs group (8 [6.06%] vs 12 [8.3%], respectively), and all cases of DR were non‐proliferative. Blood glucose concentrations were higher in the BOT than OADs group at the 3rd month, but lower in the former at the 6th and 12th month. The rate of reaching target HbA1c ≤7% was lower in the BOT than OADs group at the 3rd month (63.6% vs 72.2%, respectively), similar between the two groups at the 6th month (60.6% vs 66.6%, respectively) and higher in the BOT group at the 12th month (75.0% vs 61.1%, respectively). The SD of fasting blood glucose (FBG), coefficient of variation of FBG, SD of blood glucose (SDBG), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions were lower in the BOT than OADs group. Changes in the levels of three cytokines (interleukin [IL]‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17α) were significantly less in the BOT than OADs group. Conclusions Twelve months of BOT decreased the incidence of DR in short‐duration type 2 diabetes by reducing glycemia more effectively, stably, and completely than OADs alone., Highlights This study suggests that basal insulin‐supported oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) therapy is superior to OADs alone in preventing diabetic retinopathy.This will help clinicians to select a suitable subsequent therapy after initial intensive insulin therapy.

Aiming at the demand of consumers for the quality and safety guarantee of agricultural products, a traceability system of agricultural products quality based on hybrid mode is designed and developed in this paper. The system connects the various links of crop planting, acquisition, processing, distribution and sales, and obtains the real-time information from crop seed cost to agricultural product sales. It can make farmland scientifically be managed according to the information of crop growth environment, improve the utilization rate of agricultural resources, and be beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture. At the same time, the information of the processing, transportation, and sale of the crops from the seeding to the harvest to the agricultural products are recorded in real time in the database so that the consumers can understand the relevant information of the agricultural products in real time. If the unqualified agricultural products are checked out, the production of this kind of agricultural products can be controlled immediately from the source, and the circulation of unqualified agricultural products can be controlled more effectively. Therefore, the legitimate rights and interests of consumers can be effectively guaranteed.

Introduction Basal insulin is widely recommended for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients who are unable to achieve glycemic control with oral antidiabetic drug(s) (OADs). However, some patients are still unable to control their blood glucose levels even when on basal insulin-supported OAD(s) therapy (BOT). The aim of this study was to investigate the factor(s) predicting patient response to BOT. Methods A total of 212 patients with T2DM, ranging in age from 18 to 65 years, admitted to the university hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, were enrolled in the study between January 2013 and July 2016. All patients had fasting blood glucose levels of ≥ 10.0 mmol/L despite receiving OAD(s) treatment. According to study design, these patients first received intensive insulin therapy for 2 weeks to attain and maintain their glycemic goals and then were switched to BOT. Responders were defined as subjects who maintained their glycemic targets with BOT for at least 3 months; all others were considered to be non-responders. The characteristics between responders and non-responders were compared. Results Compared with non-responders, responders had a shorter duration of diabetes (5.1 ± 5.0 vs. and 10.1 ± 3.2 years; P

Recommender systems use the records of users' activities and profiles of both users and products to predict users' preferences in the future. Considerable works towards recommendation algorithms have been published to solve the problems such as accuracy, diversity, congestion, cold-start, novelty, coverage and so on. However, most of these research did not consider the temporal effects of the information included in the users' historical data. For example, the segmentation of the training set and test set was completely random, which was entirely different from the real scenario in recommender systems. More seriously, all the objects are treated as the same, regardless of the new, the popular or obsoleted products, so do the users. These data processing methods always lose useful information and mislead the understanding of the system's state. In this paper, we detailed analyzed the difference of the network structure between the traditional random division method and the temporal division method on two benchmark data sets, Netflix and MovieLens. Then three classical recommendation algorithms, Global Ranking method, Collaborative Filtering and Mass Diffusion method, were employed. The results show that all these algorithms became worse in all four key indicators, ranking score, precision, popularity and diversity, in the temporal scenario. Finally, we design a new recommendation algorithm based on both users' and objects' first appearance time in the system. Experimental results showed that the new algorithm can greatly improve the accuracy and other metrics.

Aims. To investigate the distribution of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by sex in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a twelve-province cross-sectional study in China. Methods. Patients with T2DM, whose ages were ≥18 years, were recruited from 76 cities/counties in 12 provinces in mainland China between January 2015 and December 2018. All participants received a standardized interview, eye examinations, and digital fundus photography. The presence and severity of DR were diagnosed and classified by retina specialists according to the DR domestic typing method. Results. A total of 12,766 participants (5963 males and 6803 females) were eligible for this study. The total prevalence of DR was 30.1%. Females exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of DR than males (31.1% vs. 29.0%, P=0.011). A multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that female sex was an independent predictor for a higher prevalence of DR after adjusting for age, the duration of diabetes, economic status, and the presence of hypertension (OR: 1.096, 95% CI: 1.013-1.186, P=0.023). Even after stratification by the diabetic duration, age, and economic status, female sex was still independently associated with the presence of DR in patients whose T2DM history was more than 10 years, whose ages were over 60 years, or who were in a relatively intermediate economic area. Conclusion. Females had a higher prevalence of DR than males in T2DM patients with a diabetic history of more than 10 years, ages over 60 years, or a relatively intermediate economic status.

Objectives To analyze the clinical features, immediate and short-term outcome of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (PBPV) of neonates with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum (PA/IVS) or critical pulmonary stenosis with intact ventricular septum (CPS/IVS) who underwent PBPV as initial intervention methods to evaluate the risk factors of reintervention. Method Thirty-eight neonates with PA/IVS or CPS/IVS admitted to Shanghai Xinhua Hospital between June 2009 and November 2014 who underwent PBPV as initial procedures were respectively studied. We analyzed their clinical features, the immediate and short-term outcome of PBPV, and evaluated the risk factors for reintervention. Results Thirty-eight neonates with PA/IVS and CPS/IVS who underwent PBPV as initial procedures were included in our study with a mean age of 13 ± 8 days. Among the 12 patients who underwent reintervention, 7 patients had PA/IVS (64%) and 5 had CPS/IVS (36%). Patients with PA/IVS ( p = 0.005), small pulmonary valve diameter ( p = 0.035), and bad pulmonary valve development were important risk factors. The immediate and short-term outcome of PBPV was better in patients who did not need reintervention, and the peak-to-peak pulmonary transvalvular gradient in the 1st month after PBPV had the best capability in predicting reintervention with help of receiver operating characteristic curve and the logistic regression analysis. Days of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion after PBPV >5 days was also found to be a risk factor for reintervention. Conclusion The short- and mid-term outcome of pulmonary valve perforation and PBPV in neonates with PA/IVS and CPS/IVS was favorable. Risk factors include PA/IVS, small pulmonary valve, bad short-term pulmonary valve development, the peak-to-peak pulmonary transvalvular gradient in the 1st month after procedure >42 mmHg, and PGE1 infusion >5 days.

A gas–solid fluidized bed with a frame impeller was simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method that integrated the Eulerian–Eulerian two-fluid model, the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) and the multiple reference frame (MRF) model. The pressure fluctuation used to verify the numerical model depends strongly on the particle–particle restitution coefficient, while the bed pressure drop is independent of it. As the particle collisions become ideal, it reaches the homogenous fluidization regime with non-bubbling, low pressure fluctuations and granular temperatures. Meanwhile, the agitation of the frame impeller improves fluidization quality with reduced bubble diameters. The minimum limit of agitation speed for homogenous fluidization decreases with the increase of particle–particle restitution coefficient, i.e. a high agitation speed is needed to strengthen fluidization for inelastic particles, and the fluidization performs well enough for elastic particles that agitation has little influence.

Background To evaluate the methodological quality of systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analysis of trastuzumab-based therapy for breast cancer. Methods We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, Cochrane library, international prospective register of systematic reviews, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, Wan Fang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP database for SRs or meta-analysis. The methodological quality of included literatures was appraised by risk of bias in systematic review (ROBIS) tool. Results Twenty three eligible systematic reviews or meta-analysis were included. Only 2 systematic reviews provided protocol. The most frequently searched databases were PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane. The two-reviewers model described in the screening for eligible original articles, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation had 30%, 61%, and 26%, respectively. In methodological quality assessment, 52% SRs or meta-analysis used the Jadad scoring or Cochrane reviewer' handbook. Research question were well matched to all SRs or meta-analysis in phase 1 and 35% of them evaluated "high" risk bias in study eligibility criteria. The "high" risk of bias in all non-Cochrane SRs or meta-analyses, which involve methods used to identify and/or select studies. And more than half SRs or meta-analysis had a high risk of bias in data collection and study appraisal. More than two-third of SRs or meta-analysis were accomplished with high risk of bias in the synthesis and findings. Conclusions The study indicated poor methodological and reporting quality of SRs/meta-analysis assessing trastuzumab-based therapy for breast cancer. Registration or publishing the protocol and the reporting followed the PRISMA checklist are recommended in future research.

Agricultural products in circulation process requirements of the transport environment relatively strict, use of networking technology can real-time perception process of the circulation of agricultural products in the environmental data and the vehicle location data, through effective visualization of these data to realize the transport aspects of environmental monitoring and position tracking. Directly to the data for visualization mapping will face the following challenges: perceived will appear very complex disorder, is easy to appear the problem of visual confusion; key points will be buried in dense point group, it is difficult to find the valuable information contained in the data; the rendering of large-scale data will occupy a lot of computational resources and lead to browser Stuttering phenomenon, affect the user's experience. Aiming at these problems, this paper proposes a spatiotemporal data-aware clustering of the circulation of agricultural products based on the technology of visualization technology, the first comprehensive consideration of geographical space distribution, time continuity, semantic characteristics of large-scale data collected by cluster analysis, dig out the key position of the circulation process; and then draw the transport track these key positions based on, in order to achieve the circulation process of sensing data visualization; finally, applied this technology to the agricultural IOT geographic spatial analysis and visualization system, this system is successfully applied to the Shandong Province agricultural base, to demonstrate the application for agricultural logistics, application shows that this technology is convenient to analyze visually on spatiotemporal visualization the process of the circulation of agricultural products.

At present, there are four typical integrated models of RFID and WSN, which have some advantages while they have been integrated. To solve these problems, an optimized model is proposed, and a new dynamic RFID-WSN integrated system is designed based on the optimized strategies. The system is composed of a new integrated node, which is designed based on WSN network model and RFID protocol and can dynamically switch roles between WSN node, RFID reader and RFID tags. Through the design of dynamic construction mechanism to organize and manage these integrated nodes, the system realizes dynamic switching and adaptive construction between RFID and WSN. The new integrated system solves the problems existing in the four typical models and has better characteristics and more flexible applications.

This paper analyzes the importance of energy management technology in cold chain logistics, and how to establish the energy management system and it’s saving strategies, combined with the trend of Internet of things (IOT) technology. This paper briefly introduces the system structure and related technologies of Internet of things, and the system framework, and key technologies of the energy management system of cold chain equipment based on Internet of things. In term of IOT, the energy problems can be significantly solved by using the cold chain energy management system.

The characteristics of information processing and deciding are discussed in this paper for the vast amounts of information that is generated in the Internet of things environment, and the key problems are needed to solve. It also analyzes the main methods of information decision method and information processing technology of Internet of things information processing. According to the existing research results, it points out the research focus in the field of networking information support and the decision making technology as well as the further research direction.

A novel indoor positioning algorithm named BPNN-LANDMARC is proposed in this paper to increase the positioning accuracy and reduce the high time complexity of classical LANDMARC algorithm. Simulation results prove that the proposed BPNN-LANDMARC algorithm can improve the average positioning accuracy by 24.35%. In addition, the improved algorithm reduces the time complexity of algorithm obviously.

With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the application of the Internet and of technology in Intelligent Agriculture has become more and more widespread. In this paper, a kind of aquaculture remote monitoring system based on the Internet Android platform is introduced. Using the system with many sensor nodes, information (such as pH value, temperature, water level, dissolved oxygen and other environmental parameters) can be collected remotely by many kinds of sensors (such as a pH sensor, temperature sensor, water level sensor, and dissolved oxygen sensor), and then the analog data collected can be transformed to be digital data. The digital data can be sent to an Android mobile system by socket communication. In the Android mobile control interface the data received from pound can be exported into a SQLite database, and the data in the SQLite database can be exported into a SD card and stored in the format of TXT. The filename stored is formed with the information from the time when the TXT file is saved (such as year-month-data-hour-minute-second) in order to avoid the problem of having the file overwritten by a file with the same name file. Therefore, the user needs not designate the name of the saving TXT file. To the Android application, many control nodes can be controlled remotely. The system adopts CC2430 as the underlying management chip. Temperature measurement accuracy of the system can reach 0.5°C. In addition, pH measurement accuracy of the system can reach 0.3. A good control algorithm can achieve good control precision. In our system, in order to obtain more control precision, an intelligent fuzzy PID control algorithm is applied in the remote MCU control system. Dissolved oxygen is a very important parameter in aquiculture. In the system dissolved oxygen control precision can be controlled within ±0.3 mg/L. Moreover, the SOKCET communication is designed in an independent thread to the system. Thus, the reaction of the control system is very sensitive. The function of the system is not limited by time, regional, and climate conditions. The interface of the application is designed in the Android Mobile phone, so the user can handle the application flexibly and conveniently, and the user can browse data from the mobile phone, send remote control commands, and control the bottom water, pump water supply pump, and aerator in any location with an Internet connection. The IP address is exported into a SQLite database, so the IP data can be obtained automatically from the database by the system after the application is started, and it does not need input from the user repeatedly. Many mobile phone clients of the system can share a single server. Thus, the system has a very high price-performance ratio. After practical testing of the system, it has the advantages of simple operation, fully able to meet the need of aquaculture. c.

In traditional Bayesian classification data mining methods, there may be defects such as predictions unreliable because the selected predictors are little or not related with the target factor. this paper analyzes the correlation between predictors and the target factor using correlation coefficient based on Bayesian classification model and combines with Hadoop distributed file system and parallel programming models to explore an improved algorithm. The experiments show that this method not only makes the prediction more reliable but also saves resources and improves the efficiency of the algorithm greatly. In addition, it is suitable for massive data processing.

A method based on modeling approach that from points to face and boundary conditioned parameter is put forward in this paper. Starting from the Point Model with statistical characteristics, the characteristic parameters which influence the configuration rate of reactive power compensation (RPC) are adopted as boundary conditions. Expanding from Point Model to Analysis Model, different features of actual 20kV cable distribution feeders can be covered. Then, with the optimization research on RPC of urban cable lines in 20 kV distribution networks, the recommended range of RPC rate in different transformers is worked out, which can be extended to the application of 20 kV urban distribution network. The simulation shows that the proposed method can optimize the reactive power configuration in 20 kV distribution networks without the complicated computation of optimal reactive power planning.

The paper discusses how to use the advanced technology of the Internet of things to realize the real-time monitoring of the library and the preservation of goods in transit third party cold chain logistics, mainly discusses how to network technology with Internet 3G network of RFID and WSN integrated network and intelligent nodes, realize the visualization of fresh goods real-time monitoring, convenient management personnel of customer inquiries and feedback information, to ensure the preservation of food quality and safety.

In order to solve the inconvenience of line arrangement under bad environment and the maintenance difficulty, a design method of a wireless temperature monitoring system based on ZIGBEE is given. The system uses RemoDAQ-8000 as temperature sensor and control platform, ZIGBEE wireless communication for wireless communication network. Through five groups based on ZIGBEE. The temperature control experiment, obtained the first-hand information, so as to realize the wireless monitoring; at the same time, the system can be in the local area network, using C/S and B/S two ways to control and query. Experiments show that using wire communication, ZIGBEE wireless communication instead of the traditional, can have an important effect in the field of process control

A reactive power optimization method based on interval arithmetic is presented to solve the uncertainty of the output of distributed generation (DG) and the effects of load fluctuation. The concept of interval number and interval arithmetic is introduced to model the interval power flow of distribution system, which is iterated by using the Krawczyk-Moore operator. The objective function is to minimize the interval midpoint value of system’s power loss, with taking the interval voltage constraints into consideration for the interval reactive power optimization model. A modified IEEE 14-bus system is used to validate the proposed model and its Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the proposed method is effective.

Remote sensing, in particular satellite imagery, has been widely used to map cropland, analyze cropping systems, monitor crop changes, and estimate yield and production. However, although satellite imagery is useful within large scale agriculture applications (such as on a national or provincial scale), it may not supply sufficient information with adequate resolution, accurate geo-referencing, and specialized biological parameters for use in relation to the rapid developments being made in modern agriculture. Information that is more sophisticated and accurate is required to support reliable decision-making, thereby guaranteeing agricultural sustainability and national food security. To achieve this, strong integration of information is needed from multi-sources, multi-sensors, and multi-scales. In this paper, we propose a new framework of satellite, aerial, and ground-integrated (SAGI) agricultural remote sensing for use in comprehensive agricultural monitoring, modeling, and management. The prototypes of SAGI agriculture remote sensing are first described, followed by a discussion of the key techniques used in joint data processing, image sequence registration and data assimilation. Finally, the possible applications of the SAGI system in supporting national food security are discussed.

Harmonics always have a negative impact on control precision and grid quality. It has been found out that harmonic distribution is very germane to carrier frequency. Based on the analysis of conventional SVPWM, in this paper a chaotic carrier frequency SVPWM strategy is proposed, where the theory of chaos is applied to generate the desired random source for SVPWM carrier frequency. Simulation result proves that chaotic carrier frequency SVPWM can not only improve the waveform quality, reduce the low-order harmonics, and also flatten the high-order harmonics effectively.

In order to more effectively classify the science and technology intelligence text, the idea that classifying science and technology intelligence text categorization based on different classifiers is proposed. The experiment is done with two thousand Chinese texts based on three different classifiers in this paper. Among these classifiers, the rate of correctly classified instances with NaiveBayes Classifier is 96.95 percent and J48 Classifiers is 97.59. The highest of three classifiers is SMO Classifier and its correct rate is 98.65 percent. According to the analysis of experimental results, it is proved that the idea proposed is applicable to science and technology intelligence text categorization and it is able to meet the needs of text categorization.

in order to understand the situation of design flood level, a water level monitoring system based on ARM7. The ARM7 high performance microprocessor LPC2132 as the core, uses the high precision AD converter TLC2543 data collection, combined with the system software and hardware design of GPRS transmission network, including the water level sensor data acquisition, remote transmission of GPRS messages, human-computer interaction module C/OS-II operating system with multiple components, the system design, to achieve the level of information the remote communication by using short message. The experimental results show that: the system to collect data of high precision, stable and reliable transmission, effectively realizes the real-time monitoring of water level data.

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of ketamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive-like behavior and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the rat prefrontal cortex. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): saline group (S group), LPS only group (L group) and LPS plus ketamine group (LK group). A forced swimming test (FST) was performed. On the first day, rats were placed into water for 15 min. Twenty-four hours later, rats were treated again as in the first test for a 5 min session, and the immobility time was recorded. The prefrontal cortex was harvested for the determination of the interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL-6 and IL-10 levels. Compared with the S group, rats in the L group had significantly increased immobility time in the FST and expression of IL-1β and IL-6, and significantly decreased expression of IL-10 in the prefrontal cortex (P

This paper describes a portable food can be several key techniques in the design of electronic balance. First introduced the electronic balance control planning and power in the hardware design. Then analysis system software development process, and gives the software method to reduce system power consumption, and improve the system operation speed by adjusting the position of software code. The scheme of the embedded network communication system, for consumers and food operators to provide a friendly interface, service, humanity has the advantages of simple operation, low power consumption, good portability, meets the requirements of food traceability and food supervision.

Based on the principle of the ISO14042 standard on life cycle impact assessment, the paper uses the environmental eco-indicators to evaluate the environmental impact of waste electrical in reverse logistics. Firstly, build environmental impact indicator system based on the method of eco-indicator99, and use rough set theory to calculate the weight of all the indicators. Then combine the weight with eco-indicator99 database to calculate the environmental eco-indicators. Finally, take waste refrigerator for example to illustrate the process of environmental impact assessment of general waste electrical.

Modern composite armor plate is generally composed of faceplate with high hardness and backplate with good toughness. 45 steel/60Si2CrA multilayer composite casting blank with 11 layers, containing 60Si2CrA steel as faceplate and 45 steel as backplate, was fabricated by composite casting. The deformation and heat treatment process of 45steel/60Si2CrA multilayer composite plate were studied. The results show that the interfaces between faceplate and backplate have good combination and the thickness of each layer is basic uniform by reasonable deformation distribution. Yield and tensile strength of the composite plate reaches 956MPa and 1018MPa, the hardness of 45 steel layer and 60Si2CrA layer is 448HV and 536HV respectively after the heat treatment of 860°C water quenching+ high temperature tempering. The mechanical properties meet the qualification of armor plate. The bulletproof test displays that 45 steel/60Si2CrA multilayer composite armor plate can prevent the breakthrough of DAP51B type bullet with the velocity of 500m/s.

The ball screw is a main driving component in the CNC machine tools. The ball screw’s structural performances and working conditions will have an important impact on the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools. However, the previous research method can not suffice the precise results’ requirements. So it is very necessary to do an in-depth analysis of the ball screw, which use dynamic research and be combined with the FEA software ANSYS. This article uses the above methods to do the modal analysis, and then gets the intrinsic frequency and the vibration model. It will make an important significance for guiding the practice.

Very high frequency (VHF) is widely used in radio and television broadcasting. In order to improve the quality of service (QoS) and signal transmission distance, the repeaters be applied to lengthen the transmitting distance of VHF and expand the coverage of radio stations. Under ensuring the QoS, the reduction cost is very important. In this paper, focusing on the different coverage of repeaters, we discuss the minimum number of repeaters to cover a whole circular area, and the square model and cellular model are proposed. Then we analyze the case in view of the simplex communication and duplex communication. Furthermore, the influence of the location of the radio station to the minimum number of repeaters needed is discussed. Finally, we discuss how the minimum number of repeaters changes with the change of the numbers of radio stations. The minimum number of repeaters to cover the circle area will increase as the radius of the repeaters coverage decreases. The radio station in the center of the circle flat can broadcast to the farthest area and the radio station in the fringe area can’t broadcast to farther area. In simplex communication, the minimum number of repeaters with n radio stations in the circle are is n-1 times greater than that with only one radio station.

Horizontal V – shaped anvil forging method is introduced to control fibrous tissue flow direction through changing shape of anvil, to improve the anisotropy of mechanical properties of forgings. This method can provide effectively drawing out technology for heavy axial forgings with requirements on the transverse mechanical properties. In this paper pilot production for rectangular billet by the forging method with horizontal V - shaped anvil were carried out. The results show that the forging method with horizontal V-shape anvil can improve transverse mechanical properties, realize uniform forging for heavy axial forgings, the ratio between transverse and longitudinal mechanical property is about 1.0 in the same position for heavy axial forgings, and uniformity degree of mechanical properties is better.

Stress-notches cutting is one of the key processes in fracture splitting processing of connecting rod. This paper has put forward a new process of WEDM notches cutting, with the advantages of free threading, low cost, high efficiency and convenient maintenance. In order to obtain stable cutting quality and higher processing efficiency, studies are carried out on the machine tool power supply and control system. Higher-voltage circuit for the pulse power supply is design ed in the form of switching power supply with dual-controller, which brings the advantages of higher degree of integration, less weight, smaller volume, and cost reduction. Moreover, the output voltage is continuously adjustable and has the function of voltage regulator, thus better processing quality can be achieved. The control system is designed to obtain constant depth of notches while cutting, regardless of various sizes and tolerances of inner holes of the connecting rods, thus it can eliminate the negative influences on fracture splitting process caused by inconsistency of stress notches. Experimental results show that the presented WEDM power supply and control system can fully meet the requirements of notches cutting in fracture splitting processing of connecting rod.

An ultrasonic power for rotary machining is introduced based on ARM. Its frequency tracking principle is analyzed. The improved accurate frequency tracking method using a phase lock loops (PLL) is presented. The control circuit based on ARM is designed and the presentation of system program flow chart is given. The experimental result proved that the ultrasonic power system can realize quick and accurate frequency tracking. Ihe power can work well with constant amplitude control.

The forging method with horizontal V – shaped anvil is introduced to control fibrous tissue flow direction through changing shape of anvil, its working face is composed of four projecting cone, it can realize no transverse tensile stress forging. For this, in the paper qualitative physical simulation was carried out. The results show that there was no crack between the hole and the pin in deformation zone of rectangular billet by horizontal V – shaped anvil forging method, therefore, the authors think that there no transverse tensile stress in deformation zone of billet in the forging process of horizontal V – shaped anvil.

Sensorless induction motor drives are widely used in industry for their reliability and flexibility. It’s very important to improve the performance of speed estimation in some cases, especial at low speed of IM drives. The authors have proposed and developed a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) based on discrete time sliding mode algorithm(DTSM), which has high performance for sensorless induction motor drive in low speeds. The new algorithm obtains the identification flux using the classic MRAS, and the PI adaptive law in MRAS is replaced with the sliding mode observer which is acquired by the error function. This paper presents the theory, modelling, simulation and experimental results of the proposed DTSM-MRAS based sensorless direct torque control induction motor drives.

The cold-roll-formed profiles usually defects such as bow, camber, twist, edge wave, corner buckling as well as edge cracking, and splitting. Straightening is used as the later part of working procedure in order to eliminate these defects and improve the quality of the final profile. A drawing straightening machine is designed to achieve the purposes of the U-shaped steel straightening. In the design coefficient of friction, forming speed, roll speed, methods to minimize defects.

Genetic algorithm, particle swarm algorithm such as rise intelligence algorithm have unique advantages in multiple objective optimization areas, using the algorithm, based on architectural construction, materials, environment, climate, usage and features and other aspects of the overall optimization, can quickly and effectively realize the comprehensive effect of building energy efficiency optimization goal. This paper discusses the problem of multiple building energy efficiency, and for intelligent algorithm in building energy saving the optimization technology on the comprehensive introduction, finally how to particle swarm algorithm is applied to building energy efficiency optimization was attempted.

With the target of voltage quality, an improved PSO algorithm is proposed in reactive power optimization(RPO) of power system. The algorithm adopts some way of chaos theory and flexible inertia weight based on basic PSO and suitable penalty factor on function constraint, which can overcome limitations of partial constringency in basic PSO and improve the efficiency in global optimizing. The simulation of IEEE-14-buse shows this algorithm has better convergence than basic PSO algorithm.

The studies in recent years show that solid materials such as rock and concrete always have regular thermal infrared (TIR) characteristics when the solid samples are loaded, and the anomalous IR phenomena appear before samples failure. In order to understand the IR change characteristics and physical mechanism of engineering solid samples externally loaded, some IR detection experiments results were achieved, including TIR imaging of rocks failure under uniaxial compression, TIR imaging of interaction between bolt and rock uniaxially loaded, TIR imaging of roadway deformation, and TIR imaging of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tensile failure. It is discovered that the temporal sequential features of the TIR radiation are connected with mechanical behaviors, and they show different staged characteristics. According to the change ratios of TIR temperature (TIRT) of the different areas of the surrounding rock, the acting area of bolts are determined. The bolted ranges are the same as the results of numerical simulation with FLAC3D. The relationships of UHMWPE were analyzed between average TIR temperature (ATIRT) and strain and mechanical work. The prospective method will be applied in the fields of mining engineering, underground engineering and side slope engineering.

For the demands of thermal infrared (TIR) radiation change regularity for TIR radiation detection experiments of interaction between bolt and rock, TIR image information extracting and quantitative analysis of bolts action zones were carried out. The IR isothermal fringes of the bolted bocks were obtained through thermal infrared image subtraction of bolted bocks and data fitting. The interaction ranges between bolts and rock were obtained and the bolted ranges of lateral directions were determined. The quantitative treatment methods were applied to analyze infrared images of bolted roadway also. The common acting zones of several bolts in the surrounding rocks are determined. The theoretical guides have been provided for the bolt supporting parameters design of spacing interval and array pitch.

Based on the submarine soft rock supporting engineering in Beizao Mine, the physical model tests of four kinds of supports were carried out including high strength (HS) roadway without support, HS soft rock roadway with U-shape steel support (U-S-S-S), low strength (LS) roadway with bolt support (B-S), and LS roadway with U-S-S. The thermal infrared (TIR) changes with the fracture and damage of roadway are investigated. It is discovered that the TIR radiation is the stronger in the stress concentrated area, strong friction and interaction range between U-steel support and roadway than that in the stress relaxed area and week friction. The TIR temperature (TIRT) of the fracture increased higher and changed rapidly than other parts. The TIR radiation of soft rock is influenced with seawater. The TIR-anomaly appears at the stress concentrated area, interaction ranges and fractures. The TIR omens occur when load is 65%~90% of the peak load.

With the full consideration of the heterogeneity, existing joints, and cracks in the rock, the coupled gas-rock model for investigating the failure process of coal-rock is established by introducing the related equations governing the evolution of stress, damage and gas permeability along with the deformation of coal and rock. A numerical approach of realistic failure process analysis (RFPA) to simulate the stratum movement, layer separation, the whole collapse progresses, and gas permeability changing of the protected coal seam is proposed. The numerical simulation results well displayed the whole processes of the cracks growth of gas seepage passage and the change of gas permeability for the closed distance protected coal seam. It can be seen from the distribution of acoustic emission in the space that the stratum failure is transferred from deeper to surface. By the analysis of the stress fields changing, the reasons of the gas permeability improvement of the protected coal seam are presented.

Cellulosic Ethanol was considered to be the most promising alternative energy. For the biomass densification and pre-technical problems during the manufacturing process, we propose a new method concerning ultrasonic compression of cellulosic biomass, which does not need high-temperature steam heating, adding adhesive and high pressure, and it increases 60% of the fiber density and 20% of the sugar ratio through the grinding, ultrasonic compression molding and biomass briquetting.

Planing-forming is a new process to machine fin heat sinks. This paper investigates the effects of the tool rake angle on the curved radius during planing-forming process by 2-D coupled thermo-mechanical finite element method and experiment verification. With the increasing of the tool rake angle from 0° to 30°, the curved radius increased. When the tool rake increased form 30°to 60°, the curved radius turned stable. After the chip displaced from the tool rake, the fin’s curling up due to the distribution gradient of the residual strain.

Wire electrical discharge machining (Wire EDM) cutting of flexures for a rotary flexural bearing fabrication is developed. The results of FEA calculation and theoretical analysis show that one of the main factors affecting flexures’ machining is the weak torsional stiffness of the bearing cage, thus excessive deflections due to machining stress, heat generation and spark-induced vibrations may occur. To minimize flexure deflection during the machining process, a specially designed fixture is utilized. Other technical measures, including residual stress relief before and after Wire EDM cutting, reasonable cutting sequence planning, multiple-cutting (i.e., rough cut followed by several trim cuts) etc., are also adopted for cutting. Dimensional accuracy of ±5µm was obtained over the 150µm thickness for the bearing flexures, a variation of less than 3µm was achieved for the flexures of opposing sides, and surface roughness of better than Ra 0.3μm was obtained for the flexures of the entire bearing cage. These results show the validity of measures aforementioned.

A method for license plate location based on Twin SVM is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the mathematical models of Twin SVM are introduced, and then the feature extractions of license plate image are discussed, finally it is proved that this location method is very precise and efficient by experiments in VC development environment.

Cold roll forming thin strip products occupy a rather large proportion of novel cold bending manufacturing. Conventional roller straightening could not obtain perfect straightening effects when the thickness of strip less than 1mm. On the basis of continuous roller stretcher straightening theory, we developed an area saved, high efficient strip straightening facility. At the same time, punching is also requested during the cold roll forming of strips. High quality productions can be achieved at high speed through the roller punching system, so the device is adaptive for high efficiency cold roll forming production.

Online roller punching is required for many cold forming sectional steel products, and the productive efficiency of punching is significantly affected by uncoordinated speed between the traditional punching and the cold roll forming. Based on the analysis of the mechanical structure and the mould structure of the equipment, a new roller punching equipment has been developed for continuous high-speed punching process of steel strips with thickness of less than 1mm.

A new algorithm, named feature-based visibility analysis is proposed. This algorithm can be used widely in manufacture and process of parts or models. Compared with conventional triangle facet algorithm, the proposed feature-based algorithm can get global visibility more efficiency and accurately. The main visibility analysis consists of two steps: 1) Local visibility analysis. All features are classified into two types-features with local visibility and without local visibility. 2) Global visibility analysis. All features with local visibility should be analyzed further to detect whether the local visibility feature is sheltered by the other part of the model. In this paper, related principle and implement process (on UG flat) are introduced detailly. At last, the case study demonstrated the validity of the proposed method.

In order to obtain well work performance, a new design process and the optimal method are systemically presented during ultrasonic vibrator’s design. Firstly, the general dimensions are calculated according to formula of ultrasonic theory. Secondly, 3D model without flange is established, and the best position setting a flange has been conformed through finite element analysis (FEM). Then constraints are laid on the flange, and the best model of vibration is obtained based on model analysis. The results are benefit to the following control design of ultrasonic vibrator. Finally, an ultrasonic vibration system has been made, and a series of experiments validate the feasibility of the design method.