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Objectives: Although stigma is well defined in people with a chronic disease or condition, it has not been studied much in individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). The study is one of the first descriptive individual studies conducted on this subject in our country. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the stigma experiences and concerns of individuals living with HBV, their sharing of their illness with the environment, and the state of being affected by their social relationships. Materials and Methods: Patients with hepatitis B surface antigen positivity who were admitted to the infectious diseases outpatient clinic were surveyed through face-to-face interviews. Epidemiological data, stigma experiences and anxiety states, people with whom they shared their illness, the reasons for not sharing, the impairment of social relations were questioned. Results: It was found that 19.5% of 390 individuals infected with HBV who participated in our study were "exposed" to stigma in various ways, and 27.4% were "worried" about experiencing this condition. In research, 19.9% of women, 41.4% of university graduates, and 34.8% of divorced or widowers were found to experience higher stigma (p=0.002, p=0.02 and p

Objective Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is increasingly used in the treatment of asthma in children. In the studies conducted, it was stated that there was a standardization problem in CAM methods. Moreover, this situation raises the question of “Which is the most widely used CAM method?” in asthma treatment. This study aimed to determine the use of CAM methods in children who are followed up with the diagnosis of asthma. Material and methods The patients aged 4–10 years who were diagnosed with asthma by a physician in the past and who admitted to the Child Health and Diseases Polyclinic of a hospital issuing tertiary health service in Turkey were included in the study. The demographic data of patients and CAM methods used were examined. Results The median age of a total of 164 asthmatic children included in the study was 6.3 (4–10) years, and 58.3% of them were observed to be male. The median time to diagnosis of the patients was 2.0 (1; 105) months, mostly having multiple cough attacks per day (33.1%), and the rate of children with cough attacks at least once a month to awaken from sleep at night was 47.6%. Honey (36.6%) was found to be one of the most preferred biological-based therapies for families and was followed by molasses (16.9%), which were derived from herbal and natural products. Conclusions There are varying rates of CAM use in asthmatic children all over the world, and it was found that honey was used the most in our study. Atopy can be found in the etiology of asthmatic patients. Therefore, it should not be forgotten that using different CAM methods at the same time may pose a risk.

Introduction: Seasonal influenza hadmany epidemics and pandemics throughout history and caused millions of peoplegetting sick with severer progress and even death in the risk group. Having theinfluenza vaccination is essential for healthcare staff to protect their healthas well as other individuals of the society. The present study aimed todetermine the approaches of all healthcare personnel and candidates in RizeTraining and Research Hospital providing tertiary healthcare services and toanalyze their causes for not having the vaccination.Methods: The present cross-sectionalresearch was carried out in Rize (Turkey). A questionnaire applied to 898volunteers among 2200 hospital staff. Results: It was detectedthat the median age of the participants is 25 years; 61.0% of the participantsare female; 59.8% of them are single; 69.8% do not have any children and 38.0%have a graduate degree. The rate of having vaccination once within lifetime wasdetected as 41.6% and the highest rate was observed in the physician groupwhereas the lowest rate was observed in the nursing student group. The causesfor avoiding to have the vaccination included the considerations about theineffectiveness of the vaccination, having influenza and the delay of arrivalof the vaccination to the hospital. However, the rate of having vaccination wasdetermined as 2.6% within all healthcare staff for this year. The majority ofthe participants who had the vaccination consisted of the nurses who considerthemselves within the risk group. Conclusions: A significantdecrease was detected in the vaccination rates of the healthcare staff whencompared with previous years. The awareness should be increased to increase thevaccination rates. For this purpose, training should be organized, and thesustainability of such training should be provided., Giriş: Mevsimsel grip tarihboyunca birçok epidemi ve pandemiler yapmış olup milyonlarca insanın hastalanmasına;risk grubu olanlarda ise hastalığın daha ağır geçmesine hatta ölümlere yolaçmıştır. Sağlık çalışanlarının hem kendi sağlıkları hem toplumun diğerbireylerinin sağlığının korunması açısından grip aşısını yaptırmaları sonderece önemlidir. Bu çalışmada üçüncü basamak sağlık bakım hizmeti veren RizeEğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesinde hastanemizde sağlık hizmeti veren tüm personelve adaylarının mevsimsel grip aşısına yönelik yaklaşımlarının belirlenmesi veaşı yaptırmama nedenlerinin irdelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem: Kesitsel nitelikteki buaraştırma, Rize ilinde (Türkiye) yürütüldü. Hastanede çalışan 2200 kişidengönüllü 898 kişiye anket yoluyla uygulandıBulgular: Katılımcılarınortanca yaşının 25, %61,0’nın kadın, %59,8’inin bekar, %69,8’inin çocuğununolmadığı, %38,0’ının lisansüstü eğitim seviyesinde olduğu belirlendi. Çalışmadaömründe bir kez aşı yaptırma durumu %41,6 olup en yüksek oranda doktorgrubunda, en düşük ise hemşirelik öğrenci grubunda görüldü. Yaptırmama nedeniolarak aşının etkisiz olduğunu düşünmek, gribi geçirmiş olmak, aşının hastaneyegelişinde gecikme en sıklıkla verilen cevaplardı. Ancak tüm sağlık çalışanlarıiçin bu yıl aşı yapılma oranı %2,6 olarak bulundu. Aşı yaptıranlarınçoğunluğunu risk grubunda olduklarını düşünen hemşireler oluşturmaktaydı.Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının aşılanma oranlarınındaha önceki yıllara oranla belirgin azalma gösterdiği görüldü. Aşılanmaoranlarımızın artırılması için farkındalığın sağlanması gerekmektedir. Buamaçla eğitimler planlanmalı ve eğitimin sürekliliği sağlanmalıdır.

Purpose To compare the performance of Spongostan, Otopore, Spongostan soaked with dexamethasone and Spongostan soaked with Hyaluronic acid (HA) as middle ear packing material after mucosal trauma. Methods Twenty rats were divided into 4 groups. In control group (group 1), the middle ear cavities of animals were bilaterally packed with Spongostan; in group 2, with Otopore; in group 3, with Spongostan soaked with dexamethasone; and in group 4, with Spongostan soaked with HA. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were performed preoperatively and 1 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Histological analyses were performed to evaluate the inflammatory reaction and wound healing in the middle ear cavity. Results ABR recordings demonstrate that threshold level changes from baseline were minor in Otopore and Spongostan soaked with dexamethasone packed ears. Threshold levels were higher in the Spongostan and Spongostan soaked with HA packed ears compared with both Otopore and Spongostan soaked with dexamethasone packed ears. Histological analyses showed that Spongostan caused inflammation more intense than Otopore and Spongostan soaked with dexamethasone. Residual material at postoperative week 6, new bone formation and adhesion were common in the Spongostan group compared with other groups. Fibrosis was more common in Spongostan group compared with other groups but the difference was not significant. Conclusion Otopore appears to be safe and effective for use in otologic surgery. The inflammation, adhesion and new bone formation decreased when Spongostan was used with steroid or HA, when compared to Spongostan alone.