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Context Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb ‘Man-shan-hong’ [Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma. Objective To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods The literature was reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases between 2011 and May 2021. The following key words were used: ‘farrerol,’ ‘flavanone,’ ‘anti-inflammatory,’ ‘antioxidant,’ ‘vasoactive,’ ‘antitumor,’ ‘antimicrobial,’ and ‘molecular mechanisms’. Results Farrerol showed anti-inflammatory effects mainly mediated via the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6/8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, NF-κB, NO, COX-2, JNK1/2, AKT, PI3K, ERK1/2, p38, Keap-1, and TGF-1β. Farrerol exhibited antioxidant effects by decreasing JNK, MDA, ROS, NOX4, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-p38 MAPK, and GSK-3β levels and enhancing Nrf2, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, NQO1, and p-ERK levels. The vasoactive effects of farrerol were also shown by the reduced α-SMA, NAD(P)H, p-ERK, p-Akt, mTOR, Jak2, Stat3, Bcl-2, and p38 levels, but increased OPN, occludin, ZO-1, eNOS, CaM, IP3R, and PLC levels. The antitumor effects of farrerol were evident from the reduced Bcl-2, Slug, Zeb-1, and vimentin levels but increased p27, ERK1/2, p38, caspase-9, Bax, and E-cadherin levels. Farrerol reduced α-toxin levels and increased NO production and NF-κB activity to impart antibacterial activity. Conclusions This review article provides a theoretical basis for further studies on farrerol, with a view to develop and utilise farrerol for treating of vascular-related diseases in the future.

In this letter, we propose fundamental path loss (PL) models which play vital roles in promoting the intraheart communication system design of future deeply implanted leadless pacemakers inside the cardiac chambers. Initially, employing a plane wave approach yields the attenuation of the electric field in homogeneous heart tissue, while a modified Friis equation in the lossy medium is utilized to evaluate the power transmission between transmitting and receiving antennas in homogeneous heart tissue in the far-field zone. An Hertzian dipole excitation is used to separate the mismatch and ohmic losses of the antenna from the path loss in an anatomical human body simulation environment. Based on this theoretical and full-wave simulation setup, PL models are derived and comprehensively compared at different potential frequency bands [Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) 402—405 MHz, Wireless Medical Telemetry Service (WMTS) 608–614 MHz, Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) 867–869 MHz, and 2400–2500 MHz], and the validity of applying the Friis equation in this scenario is verified.

The movement of the overlying strata in steeply dipping coal seams is complex, and the deformation of roof rock beam is obvious. In general, the backfill mining method can improve the stability of the surrounding rock effectively. In this study, the 645 working face of the tested mine is used as a prototype to establish the mechanical model of the inclined roof beam using the sloping flexible shield support backfilling method in a steeply dipping coal seam, and the deflection equation is derived to obtain the roof damage structure and the maximum deflection position of the roof beam. Finally, numerical simulation and physical similarity simulation experiments are carried out to study the stability of the surrounding rock structure under backfilling mining in steeply dipping coal seams. The results show the following: (1) With the support of the gangue filling body, the inclined roof beam has smaller roof subsidence, and the maximum deflection position moves to the upper part of working face. (2) With the increase of the stope height, the stress and displacement field of the surrounding rock using the backfilling method show an asymmetrical distribution, the movement, deformation, and failure increase slowly, and the increase of the strain is relatively stable. Compared with the caving method, the range and degree of the surrounding rock disturbed by the mining stress are lower. The results of numerical simulation and physical similarity simulation experiment are generally consistent with the theoretically derived results. Overall, this study can provide theoretical basis for the safe and efficient production of steeply dipping coal seams.

In this paper, we investigate the intra-cardiac to subcutaneous and intra-cardiac to off-body path loss models in three potential sub-GHz narrow bands, i.e., MICS Band (402 – 405 MHz), WMTS Band (608 – 614 MHz) and ISM Band (867 – 869 MHz), for the wireless leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) applications. In view of computational efficiency and accuracy, a simplified 4-Cole-Cole model is studied and utilized for the tissues in and surrounding the cardiac region. Then, based on the anatomical human numerical model, the path loss values of intra-cardiac to subcutaneous and intra-cardiac to off-body are calculated, and the corresponding path loss models are fitted with log-distance model. The derived path loss models are useful factors in the analysis and design of the wireless LCP communication system and medical Internet of Thing networking.

Generally, cicatricial alopecias are relentlessly and slowly progressive. We describe clinical and histologic features of rapidly progressive cicatricial alopecia in a young man, with overlapping features of frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), lichen planopilaris (LPP), fibrosing alopecia with a pattern distribution (FAPD), and cicatricial pattern hair loss (CPHL), suggesting that these conditions may exist along a spectrum.

This summary paper investigates the transmission channel gain and the specific absorption rate (SAR) for implanted HBC based on the galvanic-coupled implantable electrodes, to explore the suitability of human body tissue for a galvanic implanted HBC wireless communication. Based on numerical simulation and phantom measurement, the influence of the electrode length and inter-electrode distance on the channel gain and SAR has been studied. In the HBC frequency range of interest of 5MHz-50MHz, the frequency doesn’t have a noticeable effect on the channel gain. Channel transmission characteristics for different distance have been shown to be similar for different electrode dimensions. With larger transmission distance, the channel gain is decreasing. Larger implanted electrode demonstrates the relative better channel gain as well as lower localized SAR peak.

With the increasing importance of environmental protection, more and more attention has been paid to backfilling coal mining. The prediction and design of the proportioning of backfill materials are significantly important for paste backfilling coal mining. In this study, the key factors affecting paste slurry mass optimization are identified, including mass concentration, solid-cement ratio, and fly ash-cement ratio. According to the identified factors, a paste slurry mass prediction numerical model is established to effectively predict the paste slurry mass of backfilling mining, based on a hybrid algorithm of the back propagation neural network (BPNN) with chaos optimization (CO). With the adopted model indicators, the orthogonal test data of backfill materials are used as samples for learning, training and testing. The performance of the COBPNN and traditional BPNN models are assessed using experimental results. Finally, a mechanical model of gob-side entry retaining is development, and the surface convergence of surrounding rock of roadway and the internal load of filling body are detected in the tested working face. The results indicate that the proposed model has improved the performance of the traditional BPNN model, in terms of tardy convergence, low convergence precision, proneness to local minimum, enables high fitting accuracy and strong generalization, and more accurate and reliable prediction for the paste slurry mass, thus providing a more effective approach for optimizing the proportioning of paste slurry for backfilling coal mining.

Objective To compare diagnostic performance of traditional vertical section technique, horizontal section technique and modified Ho-Vert technique for classical lichen planopilaris. Methods Clinical data were collected from patients with classical lichen planopilaris in Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi People′s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 1st 2015 to January 1st 2019. With the help of dermoscopy, 2 scalp specimens were obtained from each patient and sliced horizontally and vertically respectively by using modified Ho-Vert technique. The horizontal and vertical sections were read separately or simultaneously, and histopathological changes were observed. Results Totally, 21 patients with classical lichen planopilaris were enrolled into this study, including 15 males and 6 females. Their age was 50.0 ± 13.6 years, and the average course of disease was 18 months. The patients mainly presented with multifocal or confluent patchy hair loss, and scalp atrophy, perifollicular hyperkeratosis, loss of follicular ostia, fibrous white dots and orbit sign were observed. On the horizontal sections, lichenoid lymphocytic infiltration around the infundibulum and isthmus of hair follicles and follicular micro-scars could be observed in all patients, and the dermo-epidermal interface could be seen in 7 patients. On the vertical sections, lichenoid lymphocytic infiltration around the infundibulum and isthmus of hair follicles only could be observed in 9 patients, follicular micro-scars could be seen in 4, and the dermo-epidermal interface could be observed in all patients. Moreover, the detection rates of interfollicular interface dermatitis, follicular keratotic plugs, lymphocytic infiltration around sebaceous glands, atrophy or disappearance of sebaceous glands and inflammatory infiltration around hair follicle bulbs were significantly different between the horizontal and vertical sections. In combination with clinical manifestations, 7 patients could be exactly diagnosed with lichen planopilaris according to findings from horizontal sections, and 9 could be diagnosed exactly according to findings from vertical sections, while 21 could be diagnosed exactly according to histopathological findings from both horizontal and vertical sections. Conclusion With the help of dermoscopy, modified Ho-Vert technique can improve the efficacy of pathological diagnosis of classical lichen planopilaris, by multidimensionally showing histopathological changes. Key words: Lichen planus; Alopecia; Hair follicle; Dermoscopy; Modified Ho-Vert technique; Hair pathology

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is an autosomal dominant disorder in which the ATP2C1 gene has been implicated. Many mutations of this gene have been detected in HHD patients. To analyze such mutations in HHD and summarize all those identified in Chinese patients with this disease, we examined four familial and two sporadic cases and searched for case reports and papers by using the Chinese Biological Medicine Database and PubMed. HHD diagnoses were made based on clinical features and histopathological findings. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing of the ATP2C1 gene were performed using blood samples from HHD patients, unaffected family members, and 120 healthy individuals. Three mutations were identified, including the recurrent mutation c.2126C>T (p.Thr709Met), and two novel missense mutations, c.2235_2236insC (p.Pro745fs*756) and c.689G>A (p.Gly230Asp). Considering our data, 81 different mutations have now been reported in Chinese patients with HHD. In cases of misannotation or duplication, previously published mutations were renamed according to a complementary DNA reference sequence. These mutations are scattered throughout the ATP2C1 gene, with no evident hotspots or clustering. It is of note that some reported "novel" mutations were in fact found to be recurrent. Our findings expand the range of known ATP2C1 sequence variants in this disease.

Some views about macro logistics cost of China related literature and business recent years were re-analyzed. There are still some questionable points about the total cost of social logistics nowadays. It is pointed out that we should re-examine and research the way of view of macro logistics cost on the basis of the actual data and stimulated data.

Histopathological diagnosis of scalp biopsies remains a challenging area in dermatopathology. Published studies have described the benefits of different sectioning techniques although the application of these techniques is still under clinical investigation. To review published literature and evaluate the value of horizontal sections compared to vertical sections in the diagnosis of alopecia. Databases, such as PubMed and EMBASE, among others, were searched for published articles; to identify additional relevant studies, the literature search was performed manually. The total number of cases and diagnosed cases, and diagnostic rates, were extracted from each included study. Pooled diagnostic rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the value of different sectioning techniques, and we tested for publication bias and heterogeneity. Most studies had a suboptimal design. With regards to non-scarring alopecia, there were eight horizontal and eight vertical section studies. The pooled diagnostic rates were 0.81 (95% CI: 0.70-0.92) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.60-0.93), respectively, and extensive heterogeneity existed among these studies. For the diagnosis of scarring alopecia, there were three horizontal and five vertical sectioning studies. The pooled diagnostic rates were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.66-1) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82-0.98), respectively, and heterogeneity was also observed. Based on published studies, no significant difference exists between horizontal and vertical sectioning techniques in the diagnosis of alopecia. Whereas most studies had a suboptimal design, future studies in this area would benefit from a scientific approach and standardised measurements to explore the value of horizontal and vertical sectioning.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. Detecting mutation in NF1 is hindered by the gene's large size, the lack of mutation hotspots, and the presence of pseudogenes. Our goal was to establish a sensitive, feasible, and comparatively economical protocol to detect NF1 mutations using blood samples. We developed a method to screen patients for mutations. Thirty-two NF1 patients from 32 unrelated families and 120 unrelated population-match controls were investigated in this study. Specific primers were designed for NF1 to avoid pseudogenes. NF1 mutations were detected by sequencing at the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and complementary DNA (cDNA) levels, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and familial segregation analyses were used. Forty-four specific primers designed according to the NF1 structure were successfully used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing, which was more feasible and useful than cDNA sequencing. Thirty distinct NF1 mutations were identified in 32 patients. Thirteen mutations were novel and most were frameshift mutations (33.3%). Mutations were detected at a rate of 93.8%. Our study suggests that this sensitive, feasible, and comparatively economical protocol is effective for the detection of NF1 mutations.

Background: Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is an uncommon skin neoplasm characterized by Paget's cells with pale-staining cytoplasm in the epidermis, and cases with distinguished acantholysis but lacking characteristic Paget's cells were rarely reported in the literature. Methods: An 80-year-old male with lesion on scrotum was screened histologically and immunohistologically for the diagnosis of his tumor. Results: Histological examination showed acanthosis with cellular atypia and focal acantholysis, consistent with acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS). No characteristic Paget's cells were observed in low magnification. Immunohistochemical staining showed carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 8 (CK8) to be strongly expressed in the nests and singly arranged large tumor cells, and the surrounding epidermis was positive for CK5/6 and negative for CEA. Sporadic periodic acid-schiff (PAS)-positive cells could be seen in some areas. Conclusions: These findings strongly indicated the diagnosis of EMPD mimicking acantholytic SCCIS. Du X, Yin X, Zhou N, Zhang G, Shi H, Cao S. Extramammary Paget's disease mimicking acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma in situ: a case report.

To quantitatively summarize the association of NFKBIA gene polymorphisms with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. We surveyed studies on the association of NFKBIA gene polymorphisms with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in PubMed. Meta-analysis was performed in a fixed/random effect model. We identified 14 studies using a PubMed search. Meta-analysis was performed for NFKBIA gene polymorphisms at positions 2758 (A/G, 5 studies), −881 (A/G, 3 studies), −826 (C/T, 3 studies), and −297 (C/T, 3 studies). We did not detect associations of NFKBIA gene polymorphisms at positions 2758, −881, −297 with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. An association of NFKBIA gene −826C/T polymorphism with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases was found (C vs. T: OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 0.97–3.36, P = 0.06; CT + TT vs. CC: OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.07–4.19, P = 0.03; TT vs. CC + CT: OR = 2.20, 95% CI = 0.78–6.21, P = 0.06; TT vs. CC: OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 0.78–10.62, P = 0.11; CT vs. CC: OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.22–3.36, P = 0.006). This meta-analysis demonstrates that autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are associated with NFKBIA gene −826C/T polymorphism, but not with 2758A/G, −881A/G, and −279C/T.

ejd.2012.1700 Auteur(s) : Xu-Feng Du1 docdxf@126.com, Xing-Ping Yin2, Guo-Long Zhang1, He-Jian Shi1, Min-Hua Shao1 1 Department of Dermatology, Wuxi People's Hospital, 299 Qingyang Road, 214023Wuxi, China 2 Department of Dermatology, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, Wuxi, China Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction (IGDR) is a recently proposed drug-associated entity [1]. Many cases of IGDR have been reported in the literature, mostly induced by Western medicines, such as diuretics, antihistamines, [...]