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One of the main factors in achieving effective and efficient performance isattention to human resources. Having reliable and truly appropriate human resourceswith needs is the hope of every manager. The company needs employees with the appropriate abilities with job roles. As for the position of PT. Bogowonto Primalaras still uses a work period limit where employees cannot fill vacant positions at any time, based on the criteria of tenure an employee fulfills the term of service that is in accordance with his expectations. where on assessment in absenteeism is carried out by collecting daily report data that makes HRD send one by one who has sent the daily report. Where is the report related to the productivity criteria of an employee who has reached the target or not.

BACKGROUND: Many factors can influence the occurrence of dermatitis; this factor is divided into two, namely exogenous and endogenous factors. Fishermen are jobs that are susceptible to disease in dermatitis, especially contact dermatitis in the small island. AIM: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of contact dermatitis in fishermen on the Spermonde islands. METHODS: This study was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional design study. This research was conducted on Lae-Lae, Barrang Lompo, and Lumu-Lumu Island in 2019. Samples in this study were 110 fishermen obtained using Accidental sampling techniques. Data collection is using research instruments. RESULTS: Data analysis performed was univariate and bivariate analysis with a Chi-square test. Based on the results of the study, the research variables related to factors affecting contact dermatitis in fishermen in the Spermonde Islands were a history of skin diseases (p = 0.000), use of PPE (p = 0.000), personal hygiene (p = 0.000), and working period (p = 0.003) while unrelated factors are age (p = 0.373). CONCLUSION: Fishermen should pay more attention to four factors, namely the history of skin diseases, the use of PPE, hygiene, and work period, to avoid contact dermatitis.

BACKGROUND: In Indonesia, particularly in the coastal area, there is a growing number of seaweed farmers who work in the informal sector as a home-based industry. It is generally assumed that this sub-group of workers is also experiencing work fatigue. AIM: This research aims to explore information-related factors that are associated with fatigue among seaweed workers. METHODS: The study was conducted in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research used a mixed-method design combining quantitative and qualitative approach. One hundred sixty-one samples were taken from four districts Mangarabombang, Mappakasunggu, Sanrobone, and North Galesong. RESULTS: More than half of the respondents feel fatigue 67.1%. Furthermore, based on bivariate analysis, it was found that there were significant associations between work hour p = 0.041 and work period p = 0.031 with work fatigue. For the qualitative approach, three focus group discussions were conducted to explore more information related to factors that were found associated with work fatigue from the quantitative study. This research found that a large number of employees experienced work fatigue. CONCLUSION: The factor that associated with work fatigue is work hour and work period. It is suggested that health providers and stakeholders related need to pay attention to this subgroup of the working population regarding their occupational health and safety problems.

The Maternal and Child Health Book (KIA) is a form of family and community active participation in the field of maternal and child health. The successful application of the MCH Handbook as a tool to increase the coverage of MCH services is inseparable from the role of the parties related to the health of pregnant women, mothers in labor, newborns, infants and toddlers. The MCH Handbook has several uses, among others, as a guide for mothers and children to contain information and records on maternal and child health, and the MCH handbook serves as the only means of recording maternal and child health. This study aims to analyze the completeness of documenting pregnant women data from the MCH Handbook at the Pekalongan City Health Center. This research was conducted using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods (mixed methodology). Quantitative research uses survey research methods and a cross sectional approach, where the variables are measured at the same time. The population in this study was the KIA book, while the samples in this study were midwives who were serving at the Puskesmas with a minimum work period of 1 year and pregnant women who were having their pregnancies examined, the sample size was determined by the incidental sampling method and purposive sampling based on the health center used. The test results with logistic regression obtained p value

The IGD room is a unit that deals directly with the patient for 24 hours a day. Workload and high stress levels in the face of critical conditions require nurses to work quickly and appropriately. Based on data from the preliminary study of the researchers, nurses working in the Emergency Installation Room (IGD) Anutapura Palu General Hospital are 31 nurses, aged between 23-45 years with an average work period of 7 years and the majority male. The data of accidents cases were 81 cases in bracket within 3 months (January-March 2016), and most cases were found in room of IUG Anutapura Palu RSU with 19 cases. The purpose of research to determine the factors associated with the incidence of occupational accidents in nurses in the Emergency Room of Anutapura Palu General Hospital. This research is a kind of quantitative analytic research with Cross Sectional design. Population in this research is all nurses who work in Emergency Room of Anutapura Palu General Hospital that amount 31 people, sampling with technique Total Sampling. The results of the study were age (p = 0,002), sex (p = 0,019), use of APD (p = 0,007), regulation (p = 0,006), training (p = 0,007), supervision (p = 0,006) . However there is no working period relationship (p = 0,083) with Work Accident. It is expected that the management of the hospital to improve the quality of training and supervision and reinforce the rules that have been made by giving heavy sanctions to workers who get violated the rules.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a disorder that occurs due to carpal tunnel or a gap in the lower hand to the wrist narrowing. The National Health Interview Study (NHIS) estimates that the reported prevalence of CTS among the adult population is 1.55% (2.6 million). This research was conducted at BNI Branch Bank Palu. The research objective is to determine the factors associated with complaints of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) on employees at BNI Branch Bank Palu. The type of research used is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach. The number of samples was 109 people. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test at the level of confidence (ρ

One of the most potent sources of air pollution is from the industrial sector. The air pollutants produced from the industry are TSP dust. Long exposure for a long time can pose a risk in the form of impaired pulmonary function capacity. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between years of work, dust levels with impaired lung capacity in the environment of hot mix asphalt production officers in the Public Works Office of Medan City. This type of research is observational analytic with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 45 workers in the hot mix asphalt production section in the AMP area of the Medan City Public Works Service. The results of the study found that the dust levels in AMP were still below the NAB, ranging from 2-8.10 mg / m3, workers who had pulmonary function disorders were 15 people (34%). The results of the analysis using the Pearson correlation test showed that there was a moderate relationship between dust exposure and lung function capacity with a value of r = -0.432, p = 0.003, and there was a weak relationship between the work period and the function of pulmonary function with a value of r = -0.384, p = 0.009 . Therefore, it is recommended to the Public Works Office of Medan City to provide respirators for workers to prevent the excessive entry of dust into the body.

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the musculoskeletal disorders caused by poor body activity. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the risk of LBP complaints of nurse in the ward at the Banten Provincial Hospital. The research method used was analytic observational through cross sectional approach. The research respondents were 34 nurses who were selected by using probability sampling with cluster sampling type. The measurement of age, work period, and BMI used respondent characteristics form, work posture measurement used RULA, and the measurement of LBP complaints used the LBP symptom questionnaire. The statistical test used the chi square test with a significant level 0.05. The test results of the relationship between individual characteristics and the risk of LBP complaints obtained age (p=0.677), work period (p=0.811), BMI (p=0.350), and the relationship between work posture and the risk of LBP complaints (p=0.001). Based on the results of research statistics, it was found that there was no significant relationship between age, work period, and BMI with the risk of LBP complaints and there was a relationship between work posture and the risk of LBP complaints. The researcher suggested that the nurse should pay attention to their work posture when conducting a nursing intervention. Abstrak Low back pain (LBP) merupakan salah satu gangguan muskuloskeletal yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas tubuh yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan Risiko keluhan LBP pada perawat Instalasi rawat inap RSUD Provinsi Banten. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analitik observasional melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Responden penelitian sebanyak 34 perawat dengan menggunakan probability sampling dengan jenis cluster sampling. Pengukuran umur, masa kerja, dan IMT menggunakan lembar isi karakteristik responden, postur kerja menggunakan RULA dan pengukuran keluhan LBP dengan kuesioner gejala LBP. Uji statistik menggunkan uji chi square dengan tingkat signifikan 0,05. Hasil uji hubungan karakteristik individu dengan keluhan LBP menunjukan hasil umur (p=0,677), masa kerja (p=0,811), IMT (p=0,350), serta hubungan postur kerja dengan keluhan LBP (p=0,001). Berdasarkan hasil data statistik penelitian, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, masa kerja, IMT dengan risiko keluhan LBP dan ada hubungan antara postur kerja dengan keluhan LBP. Peneliti menyarankan agar perawat memperhatikan postur kerja pada saat melakukan intervensi keperawatan.

This study aims to find out the effect of financial and non-financial compensation on work motivation and officials’ performance at Hasanuddin University, Makassar. This research was a qualitative approach. The populations were Education Officers of State Civil Apparatus of Hasanuddin University having a work period of more than 10 years. The data were obtained through observation, questionnaire, and documentation. Data processing and analysis were performed using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) version 23. The results of the research indicate that (1) there is a positive and significant financial and non-financial compensation on work motivation, (2) there is a positive and significant financial and non-financial compensation on officials’ performance, (3) there is a positive and significant financial and non-financial compensation on officials’ performance through work motivation.

The use of the Surgical Safety Checklist reduces mortality and surgical complication. Nurse obedience in documenting the surgical safety checklist is still low. It is showed that there is a lack of nurses awareness about the importance of surgical safety checklist in an operation. This research aims to know about the relationship between the years of service of the nurse and compliance with filling surgical safety checklist at Central Operating Theatre. Design of this study uses cross-sectional approach. Sampling technique uses total sampling technique, samples taken for study as many as 23 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data are described in table form and a Fisher test was conducted with spss 21. The highest work period are they who have light of work ≥ 3 years as many as 15 respondent (65,2%) and respondents who have length of work < 3 years as many as 8 respondent (34,8%), for nurses obedience 18 respondents (78,3%) who did not complete the surgical safety checklist while 5 respondents (21,7%) complete the surgical safety checklist correctly. Fisher statistic test obtained p-value data is 0,586 > 0,05. There is no relationship between the years of service of the nurse and compliance with filling surgical safety checklist at Central Operating Theatre

BACKGROUND: Airline crew are being exposed to extended workdays and compressed work periods, with quick returns between duties, implying a heightened physiological and psychological strain that may lead to sleep deprivation and fatigue. The aim of the study was assessment of the effect of an extended day of flight duty and a compressed work week with regard to recovery, cumulative fatigue, and neurobehavioral performance.METHODS: We followed 18 pilots and 41 cabin crewmembers during four consecutive days of flight duty, comprising a total of ≥ 39 h, where the first day was ≥ 10 h. Information on demographics, work characteristics, health status, and physical activity was collected at baseline. Subjects completed logs for the first and fourth workday, including the Samn-Perelli Fatigue Checklist at three time points during these workdays. Two computer-based neurobehavioral tests were completed the evening prior to the first shift, and after the first and the fourth day of the work period.RESULTS: Number of flight sectors during the work period was 10-20. Self-reported fatigue levels increased during the workdays. Neurobehavioral test-scores did not deteriorate. The effects of each additional flight sector during the work period was elevated reaction times (RT) both among cabin crewmembers (B = 5.05 ms, 95% CI 0.6, 9.5) and pilots (B = 4.95 ms, 95% CI 0.4, 9.5). Precision was unaffected.DISCUSSION: Airline pilots and cabin crewmembers seem to obtain satisfactory sleep before and during the period of 4 consecutive days. The association between multiple flight sectors and increased fatigue supports previous findings.Goffeng EM, Wagstaff A, Nordby K-C, Meland A, Goffeng LO, Skare O, Lilja D, Lie J-AS. Risk of fatigue among airline crew during 4 consecutive days of flight duty. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(5):466-474.

The potency for developing cyber extension should be utilized by agricultural extension worker in order to enrich extension material. However. It seems that the development of cyber extension was experiencing various obstacles. Based on that condition, this study aims to analyze the factors influencing the performance of cyber extension in utilizing cyber extension. The types of data used in this study were primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by conducting interviews with respondents. 87 respondents were determined purposively. Secondary data was obtained from documents on extension activites in Malang Raya Region. Path analysis was used in this study to answer the research objectives. Most respondents are still classified young, have a relative high education level and have a work period of less than 12 years. The result showed cyber extension socialization, personal interaction and perception of agricultural extension worker factors significantly influenced agricultural extension worker behavior. Meanwhile, factors of cyber extension socialization, perception the of agricultural extension worker and the behavior of agricultural extension worker significantly influenced the performance of agricultural extension worker in utilizing cyber extension. Only socialization and the perception of agricultural extension worker had both direct and indirect influences, where the socialization factor was the only factor with the greatest total influence value on the performance of agricultural extension worker in utilizing cyber extension. The performance of agricultural extension worker in utilizing cyber extension needed to be improved, one of which was through socialization. Socialization effort was carried out in order to increase understanding of cyber extension usefulness to agricultural extension worker. In addition, to stimulate the use of cyber extension, it was necessary to provide incentives to agricultural extension workers who utilize cyber extension.

Infectious diseases are still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. One of the infections was a nosocomial infection. Nurses have appreciable influence regarding nosocomial infection incident because nurses have a great deal of interaction with the patient during 24 hours. The prevention of nosocomial infection can be conducted by a nurse is with hand hygiene practice. The purpose of this research is to know factors influencing nurses’ compliance level in the application of hand hygiene at in inpatient ward of Muntilan General Hospital. This was a quantitative research with research design cross-sectional. The sampling technique used was the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling with the number of respondents was 54 nurses. The instrument of the research applied a questionnaire and checklist. Analyses of the data used were the Chi-Square test. This research indicated there was a correlation between motivation with a compliance level of nurses in application of hand hygiene (p-value 0.0000,05).

Background:The consequence of industrial activities was the generation of waste. PT X's Wastewater Treatment Plant produced sludge as a by-product. This study aim to see the TCLP test of food industry waste which will be reused, how the risk was to human health through an Environmental Health Risk Analysis study, and how the product quality was. Method: The population in this study was sludge. The sample in this study was part of the sludge tested according to the leaching or TCLP test. The research subjects were employees with a certain body and work period who were predicted to receive health risks in the utilization of sludge. Results: The results showed that the TCLP Sludge values were 0.009 mg / L, Ba 0.33 mg / L, Copper 0.18 mg / L, Fluoride 2.10 mg / L, and ZnO 1.78 mg / L. The calculation of risk or Risk Quotient (RQ) for the 4 parameters tested by the TCLP is

The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on all walks of life, especially education. The form of information technology development that can be used as a learning medium is to use e-learning (online learning). Online learning has both advantages and disadvantages in its implementation. This study aims to find out how the description of the implementation of online learning at SDN Maliku Baru 2, especially in learning Hindu Religion and Character Education. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection was carried out by interviewing 5 key informants who were guardians of students on October 9, 2020. From the results of the interview, it was found that learning Hindu Religion and Character Education conducted online had advantages and limitations and a strategy was needed to maximize the advantages and minimize existing limitations, for example by limiting online learning time and extending the work period.

Background: The most essential aspect to reduce the number of maternal and newborn mortality is midwife competence. Midwives have a great role to be able to handle variety of health services (antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum) to avoid or decrease the maternal and infant mortality rate. Performance of health workers, particularly midwives, is the most crucial in affecting the quality and quantity of midwives’ services to enhance the national health development. Aim: This study analyzed factors affecting village midwife performance for reducing maternal and infant mortality in seek for achieving Bone Bolango cemerlang or bright Bone Balango as the vision of Bone Bolango District in 2021. Methods: This study was an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. It was conducted from March to June 2019 in the working area of Bone Bolango District Health Office. There were 227 people from 19 primary healthcare centers as the population, and the sample size was 227 selected by using the total sampling technique. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents and using secondary data. The data processing was done through chi-square test and multiple logistic regression with backward wald method. Results: Midwife performance in Bone Bolango District was assessed based on several variables. Most of them were ≥ 25 years old (80.6%); worked for ≥ five years (58,6%); mostly had not participated in any normal childbirth care training (76.7%); had a good competence (96.5%); had good resources/equipment (79.7%); had a good reward (92.5%); had a good attitude (76.2%); had a good motivation (90.7%). There were 12 maternal mortalities from 2017 to 2019 handled by only 11 midwives (4.8%). On the other hand, infant mortality rate (IMR) reached 25 cases in the same years; of 227 midwives, these cases were handled by only 21 midwives (9.3%). Conclusion: A midwife as a part of the health workers has an important role to increase the quality of maternal and child well-being program. Some variables that became indicators of midwife performance and had an effect on reducing the MMR and IMR included work period, reward, and motivation. This study recommends that all midwives have to be provided with a normal childbirth care training in the working area and increased rewards in the process of labor and delivery. Keywords : midwives, performance, maternal mortality rate, infant mortality rate.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) adalah gangguan saraf pada ekstremitas atas di mana nervus medianus terhimpit. Gangguan ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor yang mengakibatkan penyempitan terowongan karpal. Penyebab paling umum adalah pekerjaan engan gerakan mengetik atau fleksi dan ekstensi pergelangan tangan berulang. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran kejadian CTS pada karyawan administrasi yang menggunakan komputer setiap harinya berdasarkan keluhan utama, usia, jenis kelamin, lama mengetik, masa kerja, posisi pergelangan tangan dan tes phalen. Sampel diperoleh dengan cara purposive sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner serta tes phalen dan diolah menggunakan program SPSS 23. Hasil penelitian dari 29 responden didapatkan gambaran risiko CTS dengan rentang usia 40-60 tahun sebanyak 11 responden (37,9%) berisiko CTS, 16 responden (55,2%) positif CTS. Karyawan dengan lama bekerja lebih dari 4 jam per hari dan berisiko CTS sebanyak 18 responden (62,1%) dan karyawan dengan masa kerja lebih dari 4 tahun dan berisiko CTS sebanyak 23 responden (79,3%). Sebanyak 16 responden (55,2%) dengan posisi pergelangan tangan janggal berisiko mengalami CTS. Studi menyimpulkan bahwa angka kejadian CTS pada karyawan administrasi meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, lama bekerja dan posisi pergelangan tangan yang janggal pada saat bekerja. Karena itu, edukasi kepada karyawan administrasi mengenai faktor yang dapat menyebabkan CTS harus dilakukan.

Pestisida merupakan senyawa kimia, organisme renik, virus dan zat lain-lain yang digunakan untuk melindungi bagian tanaman. Petani mengharapkan hasil dari produk pertanian meningkat sehingga petani menggunakan pestisida untuk menghilangkan hama dan gulma. Akan tetapi, penggunaan pestisida memiliki efek samping yang negatif yaitu berkurangnya keanekaragaman hayati dan dapat membunuh makhluk yang bukan sasarannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, umur, tingkat pendidikan dan masa kerja dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Subjek penelitian adalah petani Desa Mandalahurip yang berjumlah 96 petani. Instrumen penelitian yaitu kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis fisher. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida (p-value=0,019), ada hubungan antara sikap dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida (p-value=0,000), tidak ada hubungan antara umur dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida (p-value=0,531), tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida (p-value=0,353), ada hubungan antara masa kerja dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida (p-value=0,015). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan masa kerja dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida pada petani padi dan tidak ada hubungan antara umur dan tingkat pendidikan dengan perilaku penggunaan pestisida pada petani padi di Desa Mandalahurip Kecamatan Jatiwaras Kabupaten Tasikmalaya.

One of the most critical issues in immunization recording and reporting is the validity of immunizationcoverage data, so the quality of immunization recording and reporting has a vital role in producingquality immunization coverage. The over report immunization report data is evidence that midwives arenot compliant in carrying out recording and reporting. The behavior of midwives in carrying out routineimmunization recording and reporting can be determined by intention or intention and several other factors.The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of age, work period, distance of residence, andmidwife’s intentions on the behavior of implementing routine immunization recording and reporting. Thisresearch method included observational research with a cross-sectional design with primary data throughinterviews using a questionnaire that was read to midwives (n=110) and document studies using the RapidConvenience Assessment (RCA) form in the community. The results showed that the behavior of midwivesin carrying out routine immunization recording and reporting was influenced by the work period (p=0.011)and intention (p=0.031).Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the length of work andthe intention of the midwife towards the behavior of implementing routine immunization recording andreporting.

One of the photokeratitis risk factors is acute reversible radiation of ultraviolet (UV) rays, which injure the cornea's epithelial tissue. Informal welding workers are susceptible populations to UV rays exposure. This study aimed to confirm the influence of UV radiation exposure on photokeratitis complaints in welding workers in Cimanggis, Depok, West Java. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June 2019 and used to select 100 welding workers purposively. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to determine photokeratitis complaints, age, education level, eye protection, safety knowledge, and work period; the UV radiation measured by A UV meter. Data were analyzed using a logistic regression test. We found the proportion of photokeratitis to be 84.0%, with 76.0% of UV radiation exceeding the Threshold Limit Values (TLV). The logistic regression test showed a significant effect of UV radiation on photokeratitis after controlling confounding variables (education level, eye protection, safety knowledge, and welding distance) (p-value = 0.006; AdjOR = 7.236; 95% CI: 1.74–30.07). It can be concluded that UV radiation, more than TLV, constitutes the primary risk factor for photokeratitis complaints. Risks for photokeratitis were influenced by low education level, poor eye protection, limited safety knowledge, and welding distance ≤ 45 cm.

espanolIntroduccion: Las personas en tratamiento renal sustitutivo en edad laboral presentan tradicionalmente tasas de empleo significativamente mas bajas que la poblacion general. Objetivo: Describir la situacion laboral de las personas con enfermedad renal cronica en tratamiento renal sustitutivo en Espana e identificar los factores asociados mas significativos. Material y Metodo: Estudio observacional descriptivo trasversal comparativo de personas en los diferentes tratamientos renales sustitutivos, en edad laboral de 16 a 64 anos. Se analizo su situacion laboral y otros factores socio-demograficos y socio-economicos, mediante la administracion de un cuestionario ad hoc. Resultados: En 437 personas con enfermedad renal cronica avanzada en tratamiento con hemodialisis, dialisis peritoneal o trasplante. La tasa de empleo fue del 27%, un 84,21% de personas tenian certificado de discapacidad y un 46,45% de incapacidad laboral reconocida. Las personas trasplantadas presentaron mayores ingresos economicos mensuales y las que estaban en dialisis domiciliarios tenian la mayor tasa de empleo (37,64% frente al 27,89% de las personas trasplantadas y el 20,37% de las personas en hemodialisis en centro). Conclusiones: Las personas en tratamiento renal sustitutivo en edad laboral tienen importantes limitaciones EnglishIntroduction: People on renal replacement therapy at working age traditionally have significantly lower employment rates than the general population. Objective: To describe the employment situation of people with chronic kidney disease on renal replacement therapy in Spain and to identify the significant associated factors. Material and Method: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative study of people in the different renal replacement treatments, during the work period of 16 to 64 years. Their employment situation and other socio-demographic and socioeconomic factors were analysed through the use of an ad hoc questionnaire. Results: In 437 people with advanced chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or transplantation. The employment rate was 27%, 84.21% of people had a certificate of disability and 46.45% had a recognized incapacity for work. The transplanted persons presented higher monthly economic income. Patients receiving home dialysis had a higher employment rate (37.64% compared to 27.89% of transplant recipients, and 20.37% of people on centre haemodialysis). Conclusions: People in renal replacement therapy at working age have significant limitations in access to employment. Although, there are important differences depending on the treatment option chosen. Information and decision-making regarding the option of renal replacement treatment are key for maintaining or obtaining a job, for the future economic situation, and even for the recognition of incapacity for work.

Background Work-related musculoskeletal pain is usually caused by poor physical conditions, repetitive motion, and adverse environmental and psychological situations. Objective This study aims to assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and their work-related factors among employees on offshore oil and gas installations in Iran. Methods Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to collect data. The relationship of musculoskeletal pain with job type, rest breaks, exercise, shift program, and work period was studied among employees on offshore installations. T-test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results Employees on offshore installations were exposed to high levels of risk of musculoskeletal pain in their knees and back. Consequently, they reported the highest level of complaints of pain in the neck and lower back areas. Workers in drilling and tour-scheduling jobs reported the highest level of musculoskeletal pain. In the course of seven days and 12 months, the highest level of significant relationship was observed between the limbs and the work periods (tour scheduling or days-off) of the staff. Conclusion The findings showed that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among employees of offshore facilities was high due to inappropriate working conditions such as repetitive work, lifting heavy loads and limited rest periods. Therefore, strategies must be considered to reduce the effects of disorders.

Background: The District of Paal Merah, Jambi City, is a center for vegetable production for the Jambi City area and its surroundings. The aspect of excessive use of pesticides by farmers in the District of Paal Merah, Jambi City is a problem that needs attention, especially the practice of spraying which ignores aspects of safety and health of farmers that can lead to health problems both directly and indirectly for farmers. One of the long-term effects caused by exposure to pesticides is a decrease in hemoglobin levels and the amount of erythrocytes in the blood. Based on the report of the Payo Selincah Health Center in Jambi City, it was explained that in the District of Paal Merah, Jambi City in 2016 showed anemia sufferers reached 30% of the number of public health center visits. Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the relationship of exposure to pesticides with hemoglobin levels and the number of erythrocytes in horticultural farmers in the District of Paal Merah, Jambi City. Method: This type of research is observational analytic with cross sectional study design conducted in the District of Red Paal with 80 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Data collection through interviews, observation, measurement of cholinesterase levels, measurement of hemoglobin levels and measurement of the amount of erythrocytes in the blood. Data analysis using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: Based on the results of bivariate analysis, it was found that there were 3 independent variables related to hemoglobin levels, namely work period (p value = 0.005), frequency of spraying (p value = 0.007), pesticide dose (p value = 0.003, and no independent variables related to the number of erythrocytes. Conclusion: Based on research from 80 farmers who examined hemoglobin levels in the blood there were 73.8% of farmers who experienced abnormal hemoglobin levels, and 26.3% of farmers who experienced normal hemoglobin levels, and from 80 farmers who examined the amount of erythrocytes in blood is 22.5% of farmers who have an abnormal number of erythrocytes, and 77.5% of farmers have normal erythrocyte counts.

Musculosceletal complaints are a complaint on the skeletal muscle sections felt by a person starting from a very mild to very painful complaint. If the muscles receive static loads repeatedly and over a long period of time, they can cause complaints of joints, ligaments and tendons. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between job factors (work postur of patient lifting and load weight) and individual factors (age, body mass index (BMI), exercise habits and working period) with musculosceletal disorders (MSD’s) complaint on inpatient room nurses at Teluk Kuantan General Hospital. The type of research is a quantitative using method observasional analytic with cross sectional study design. Research was conducted on June-July 2018. In this study a sample of 56 nurses inpatient rooms at Teluk Kuantan General Hospital, all nurses were used as research samples. Data was analyzed by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. The result of this research was 66,1% proportion of musculosceletal disorders complaining. Variables related to musculoskeletal complaints are work posture and working period. Confounding variables are weight and age. Unrelated variables are body mass index and exercise habits. The conclusion of this study is that the work period is the most dominant variable influencing musculoskeletal disorders with (p-value=0,007; OR: 17,949; 95% CI: 2,212-145,619). It is recommended for nurses to pay attention to the correct way of lifting patients so that they can adjust to body posture, and for K3RS should more active in providing training related to ergonomic patient handling.

Objective This study aimed to identify differences in perceptions between healthcare and non-healthcare personnel when it comes to wearing scrubs in non-healthcare settings. Methods An anonymous survey with 11 closed-ended questions sent via e-mail to healthcare students and employees at The University of Texas Health San Antonio and non-healthcare students and employees at The University of Texas at San Antonio. The answers were scored from 1 to 5 for each question, with a total score ranging from 11-55. Total scores were analyzed and compared between the two groups using a sample t test. Results 2730 people responded to the survey. The mean healthcare-related group responses scored 33.96 ± 7.65, while the non-healthcare group scored 34.47 ± 8.08, (p=0.096). Conclusions In this study, we found no significant difference in attitudes about wearing scrubs in public between healthcare and non-healthcare; it appears that both groups are concerned about wearing scrubs in public. Both groups agree with the value of wearing scrubs in the clinical settings only. Healthcare professionals in this study did not endorse the need to change out of scrubs after work, while non-healthcare subjects believed changing one's scrubs before leaving a clinical setting was proper. The authors believe healthcare institutions should emphasize wearing scrubs only in professional circumstances, make a distinction between uniform and surgical scrubs, provide clean surgical scrubs to their employees, and designate locker rooms to encourage staff to change before the end of the work period.

Nowadays NO2 ambient level has been increasing in year to year. Pollutant level which has over level from the threshold limit will give some of bad effects to environment and human health. The aim of this study was to measure the environmental health risk assessment of NO2 ambient level and toll collectors officer ‘s health complaints at Toll gate of Dupak 1, Surabaya. This was descriptive study with cross sectional design. Interview was done to 17 respondents who met the conclusion criteria to know respondent’s health complaints. Independent variables were NO2 level, sex, age, weight, length of work in a day and work period. Where as dependent variabel was toll collectors officer’s of Toll gate of Dupak 1 Surabaya health complaints, such as: headache, eyes irritation, red eyes, hard to breath and cough. Result shown that respondent with 62 weight average were not safe work in Toll gate of Dupak 1 if the air velocity was 0.83 m3/ hour, in 8 hour/day, average of time in 350 days/year for next 30 years if NO2 level had maximal concentration 0.1183 ppm (RQ > 1). The majority of health complaints were cough 82.3%, red eyes 70.5%, eyes irritation 64.7%, headache 53%, and hard to breath 47%. However risk quotient of NO2 exposure was not safe for respondent with pollutants level appropriate to the measurement result and should have preventive action like as consume vitamin C and E and use N95 and regulations for using masker and not smoking while work have to applied strictly.

Quantification of airborne dust exposure is an essential step in eliminating lung diseases caused by overexposure to dust. A large number of workers employed in coal boilers are potentially exposed to significant amount of airborne coal dust during the work period. The objective of the study was to assess the efficiency of water mist system in reducing airborne coal dust concentration in the working atmosphere near a coal fired boiler. Samples from eight workers were taken, representing approximately 80% of the total workforce involved in the coal handling operations. Exposure monitoring was conducted for 480 min during regular working hours. A personal dust sampler was used to capture the airborne coal dust (PM5) before and after installation of water mist system. After quantification and comparison, it was observed that the water mist system successfully reduced up to 81% of airborne dust from the worker’s breathing zone. Further, the airborne dust concentration was reduced from 7.17 to 1.26 mg/m3 which is significantly below ACGIH recommended Threshold limit value (TLV) of 2 mg/m3. The same technology may be used in comparable work environments to reduce high airborne dust levels.

To better understand sleep quality and sleepiness problems offshore, we examined courses of sleep quality and sleepiness in full 2-weeks on/2-weeks off offshore day shift rotations by comparing pre-offshore (1 week), offshore (2 weeks) and post-offshore (1 week) work periods. A longitudinal observational study was conducted among N=42 offshore workers. Sleep quality was measured subjectively with two daily questions and objectively with actigraphy, measuring: time in bed (TIB), total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL) and sleep efficiency percentage (SE%). Sleepiness was measured twice a day (morning and evening) with the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Changes in sleep and sleepiness parameters during the pre/post and offshore work periods were investigated using (generalized) linear mixed models. In the pre-offshore work period, courses of SE% significantly decreased (p=.038). During offshore work periods, the courses of evening sleepiness scores significantly increased (p

Patient safety is an important component in care and measures to improve the quality of service quality. The strategy of implementing patient safety has been carried out with various efforts in the hospital environment. The highest number of patient safety data by province in Banten is 125 reports, and Jakarta is 105 reports. This study aimed to determine factor-factors related to the behavior of the application of patient safetyto the nursein the Emergency Room Installation of RSUD dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara in 2018.The study design was cross sectional in which the samples were taken by total sampling method. The study population was nurses in the emergency room of RSUD dr. Dradjat Prawiranegara Serang numbered 37 people. Data collection using a questionnaire. Univariate research results showed that of 37 respondents 30 respondents (81.1%) had a good level of knowledge, 21 respondents (56.8%) had positive attitudes, 30 respondents (81.1%) had years of service≥5 years, and 20 respondents (54.1%) have good behavior. Bivariate analysis results show that there is a significant relationship between knowledge(P value = 0.002), attitude (P value = 0.003) and work period ≥5 years (P value = 0.027) with the application of patient safety behavior to nurses. Researchers expect that the hospital able to refresh the application of patient safety to all nurses on a regular basis every six months.

The aim of this study was to investigate fluctuations in heart rate variability (HRV), which reflect autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and potential psychological and physical strain, among 24 health care workers during work and sleep during four consecutive extended work shifts. Data included 24/36/12 h of HRV measurements, two logbooks, and a questionnaire. A cross-shift/cross-week design was applied. HRV was measured during work, leisure time, and sleep. The HRV data included time-domain [mean RR, SD of normal to normal R-R intervals (SDNN), and root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD)] and frequency-domain [low frequency (LF)/high frequency (HF) ratio] parameters. HRV parameters revealed significant differences among work, leisure time, and sleep. Mean RR, RMSSD, and SDNN values were lower and the LF/HF ratio was higher on the first versus last day of the work period; however, the differences were most prominent in the morning hours. The results indicate higher levels of cardiovascular stress on the first versus fourth day of the working period, and measurements at night indicate a satisfactory recovery from the extended shifts.

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked disorder of glycosphingolipid catabolism caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme alpha‐galactosidase A (GLA). FD is still an underdiagnosed disorder worldwide. Moreover, there is delay between symptom onset and Fabry diagnosis of at least 10 years. Family screening offers an important benefit for detection of new patients. The aim of this work is to present the approach along with the results of a targeted genetic strategy for pedigree analysis for FD in Argentina. Methods: By this strategy as soon as a new index Fabry patient is diagnosed, the pedigree group contacts the physician and a meeting is arranged with the physician and the family to build the family tree. Results: Pedigree analysis was carried out for full in 31 families. In the work period, we have tested 1,462 relatives, and 501 were diagnosed FD. The proportion of positive detection was 33%. Conclusion: The targeted family screening approach is successful to detect undiagnosed Fabry patients. By this approach, the highest ratio index to pedigree ever reported for FD pedigree analysis of 1:15 was obtained., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos

The objective of this study is to know the association between stress at workand dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea has a direct big impact on individual andcompany. Problems that arise are associated with increased absenteism,resulting in reduced productivity. A cross-sectional study has been carriedout, using total sample of 165 workers who operate sewing machine at ‘PTX’ Jakarta. The instruments used for this study is Stres Diagnostic Surveyquestionnaire to measure stress at work and another questionnaire foridentifying dysmenorrhea and other risk factors. Analytical techniques usedChi-Square and logistic regression. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was37%, and prevalence for stres at work was 25,4%. High level stres at workhave arise 2,24 times with dysmenorrhea (p=0,029 ; OR = 2,27 and 95%CI: 1,08 – 4,76) also with work period over five year (p=0,010 ; OR = 0,36and 95% CI : 0,16 – 0,78) is decrease dysmenorrhea 64% . This study hasshown that dysmenorrhea among workers of sewing machine operate at ‘PTX’ Jakarta was correlation with high level stress at work and work periodless than five year.

Background Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) before and after specific inhalation challenge has been postulated as an additional tool in the diagnosis of occupational asthma (OA), but little is known about serial FeNO measurements at home and at work. The aim of the present study was to assess the contribution of serial measurements of FeNO off and at work toward the diagnosis of OA. Methods Forty-one subjects with suspected (n = 35) or diagnosed (n = 6) OA performed FeNO measurements once daily during a 2-week holiday and a subsequent 2-week work period. A work-related increase in FeNO by 20 ppb (parts per billion) or more was considered positive. Subjects with negative or doubtful specific inhalation challenge but a FeNO increase of 20 ppb or more were evaluated individually by an overall expert rating taking into account all available information. Results Seven of 35 subjects (20%) with suspected and three of six subjects (50%) with diagnosed OA showed a work-related FeNO increase of 20 ppb or more. Six of the seven with suspected OA were reclassified as having an OA diagnosis by the overall expert rating which also considered these FeNO changes. Conclusions Serial FeNO measurements off and at work provide complementary information in the diagnosis in about one-fifth of cases with suspected OA, especially if specific inhalation challenges are negative or cannot be performed.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between organizational culture, spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence and employee performance at the PT. PLN (Persero) Distribsui Bali. The research population is employees who are permanent employees with a minimum work period of 1 year totaling 189 people. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling with the number of respondents 128 people and using SPSS 2.1 as an analytical tool. Research findings indicate that organizational culture and spiritual intelligence have a significant effect on emotional intelligence. In addition, organizational culture and spiritual intelligence have a significant effect on employee performance. And emotional intelligence has a significant influence on employee performance. This study also emphasizes that emotional intelligence mediates some of the influence of organizational culture on employee performance. And emotional intelligence mediates some of the influence of spiritual intelligence on employee performance. Finally, this study verifies that organizational culture and spiritual intelligence in private organizations are able to provide useful finding such as those found in public organizations (BUMN). This research only focuses on spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence. Subsequent research can investigate other intelligence possessed by humans such as intelligence quotient and physical intelligence. In terms of comparing the two human intelligences with spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence in the hope of verifying whether employees who are intellectually intelligent, physical, spiritual and emotional can greatly help the organization to improve employee performance.

Multi-frequency wave method and single-frequency wave method can be used in anti-seismic qualification for nuclear-safety-class equipment. At present, multi-frequency wave is the most commonly method used for anti-seismic qualification. Due to long work period of qualification, large input of manpower and high test cost, multi-frequency wave method has become the bottleneck for the development of anti-seismic qualification techniques for nuclear-safety-class Instrumentation & Control equipment. As the qualification techniques for nuclear-safety-class I&C Equipment in China are becoming increasingly mature, the single-frequency wave method has become an efficient and low-cost method with reusable results for the qualification techniques of nuclear-safety-class I&C equipment. This paper puts forward an anti-seismic test method by use of sine beat in accordance with the requirements on anti-seismic tests for I&C equipment of nuclear power plants in the national standards of nuclear industry and in combination with the test features of Single-frequency wave method. Viewing from specific cases of sine beat tests on nuclear-safety-class I&C equipment, the sine beat method has been proven to be applicable and feasible, serving as an economical, efficient and reliable anti-seismic qualification method for equipment of nuclear industry.

Background: The major occupation of Sumberejo villagers is a vegetable farmer. A lot of farmers use organophosphate pesticide spray. Improper use of spraying pesticide may cause harmful health impact in human. Organo­­phosphate pesticide is poison­ous and it affects the blood profile of far­mers. This study aimed to examine the asso­ciation bet­ween organo­phosphate pesticide exposure and erythrocyte sedimenta­tion rate (ESR) among far­mers in Sumbe­rejo Village, Magelang, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sumberejo Village, Magelang, Central Java, on April 2017. A total sample of 43 farmers was selected from a population of 110 farmers for this study by purposive sampling. The dependent varia­ble was ESR. The independent variables were frequency of spraying (exposure/week), number of pes­ticide, dose of pesticide, length of work (exposure/day), work pe­riod (years of exposure), the use of personal protection equipment (PPE), and level of cho­line­s­te­rase. The ESR data were collected by laboratory test. The other data were col­lected by questionnaire. The bivariate analysis used the chi-square test. Results: Frequency of spraying, number of pesticides, length of work, work period, the use of PPE, and level of choli­nes­­terase, were associated with ESR, but they were not statistically significant (p>0.050). The association between dose of pesticide and ESR was statistically significant (p= 0.048). Conclusion: Dose of pesticide is associated with ESR. However, PPE usage, length of work, work period, number of pesticides, frequency of spraying, and level of choli­nes­te­rase, do not show statistically significant association with ESR in this study. Keywords: exposure, organophosphate pesticide, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, farmer, level of choli­nes­te­rase

Termination of Employment (PHK) for employees is a thing that is very avoided for every employee, it stops there based on their own request, but there is also a reason for regulations that no longer allow the employee to continue his work. Cases of termination of employment (layoffs) against employees in a company often occur. In PT. PP London Sumatera Indonesia, Tbk precisely in the office of the Bah Lias Research Station (BLRS) there were 76 employees laid off. And in the Bah Lias Estate (BLE) office there were 21-22 employees who were laid off. The company will make efficiency because of the excess ratio. Standardization ratio set by the company is 0.16. But the company has exceeded the existing ratio. The service period in the company is 55 years old. After 55 years the company will retire the worker according to the applicable law (Law 13 of 2000). For employees affected by the R program from the company, their rights will be paid according to applicable laws. In this efficiency, there are 4 R program criteria, namely: lose day is workers who are often absent while working or are absent, unproductive are workers who do not have work or workers who are often sick, nearing retirement. The service period in the company is 55 years old, so it is required to retire if the work period has reached 55 years. And the last criterion is undisciplined is workers who are late for work hours and are absent from work.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are complaints that occur in parts of the muscleskeletal felt by someone ranging from a very mild complaint to very heavy complaints. One factory that has a risk of causing MSDs is Ulos factory. From the results of initial survey observations on 26 and 27 August 2019 at Siatas Barita Subdistrict, North Tapanuli Regency there were 75 workers, which at the time In the initial survey I interviewed 25 workers using a questionnaire and observations and results that can be obtained there are 20 workers experiencing complaints MSDs, especially in the neck, waist, buttocks, and calves. The purpose of this study is to find out Relationship of Ergonomic Factors with Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDS) Complaints in Workers Making Ulos in Siatas Barita Subdistrict, North Tapanuli Regency in 2019. Type This research is an analytic survey with cross sectional design. Research population is a number of weaving workers in Siatas Barita District, North Tapanuli Regency 75 people. The research sample is workers in Enda Portibi Village, Siatas Barita District North Tapanuli Regency numbered 75 people, obtained using total sampling. The results of this study were analyzed using the chi square test with significance 95% (0.05). The results showed that there was a relationship between work duration, work period, work posture, with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders in workers making ulos with each chi-square test results obtained p value 0.029, 0.005, 0.004, The conclusion of this research is that there is a relationship between the length of work, length of service, posture Working with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders of weaving workers in the District of Siatas Barita North Tapanuli Regency in 2020.

Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of accumulating nursing work on maximal and rapid strength characteristics in female nurses and compare these effects in day versus night shift workers. Background Nurses exhibit among the highest nonfatal injury rates of all occupations, which may be a consequence of long, cumulative work shift schedules. Fatigue may accumulate across multiple shifts and lead to performance impairments, which in turn may be linked to injury risks. Method Thirty-seven nurses and aides performed isometric strength-based performance testing of three muscle groups, including the knee extensors, knee flexors, and wrist flexors (hand grip), as well as countermovement jumps, at baseline and following exposure to three 12-hour work shifts in a four-day period. Variables included peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development (RTD) from isometric strength testing and jump height and power output. Results The rigorous work period resulted in significant decreases (−7.2% to −19.2%) in a large majority (8/9) of the isometric strength-based measurements. No differences were noted for the day versus night shift workers except for the RTD at 200 millisecond variable, for which the night shift had greater work-induced decreases than the day shift workers. No changes were observed for jump height or power output. Conclusions A compressed nursing work schedule resulted in decreases in strength-based performance abilities, being indicative of performance fatigue. Application Compressed work schedules involving long shifts lead to functional declines in nurse performance capacities that may pose risks for both the nurse and patient quality of care. Fatigue management plans are needed to monitor and regulate increased levels of fatigue.

Contact dermatitis is one of the most common occupational diseases, with serious impact on quality of life, lost days at work and a condition that may be chronically relapsing. Regular prophylactic skin cream application is widely acknowledged to be an effective prevention strategy against occupational contact dermatitis; however, compliance rates remain low. To present a simple programme for skin cream application in the workplace with focus on implementation to drive down the rate of occupational irritant contact dermatitis, an expert panel of eight international dermatologists combined personal experience with extensive literature review. The recommendations are based on clinical experience as supported by evidence‐based data from interventional studies. The authors identified three moments for skin cream application in the work place: (i) before starting a work period; (ii) after washing hands; and (iii) after work. Affecting behaviour change requires systematic communications, monitoring and reporting, which is proposed through Kotter's principles of organizational change management. Measurement tools are provided in the appendix. Interventional data based on application of this proposal is required to demonstrate its effectiveness.

Low Back Pain (LBP) adalah nyeri yang dirasakan di daerah punggung bawah, dapat merupakannyeri lokal (inflamasi), maupun nyeri radikuler atau keduanya. Low back pain merupakan penyakit yang paling banyak dialami pekerja, dimana kejadian nyeri punggung bawah tidak mengenal perbedaan umur, jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, status sosial, maupun tingkat pendidikan/pengetahuan, semua dapat terkena. Lebih dari 70% manusia dalam kehidupannya pernah mengalami nyeri punggung bawah, dengan rata-rata puncak kejadian berusia 35-55 tahun. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Riau pada bulan Juli 2014.Desain Penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 32 pekerja. Pengumpulan data low back pain dilakukan dengan intrumen berupa body mapping checklist, dan intrumen pengumpulan variabel pengetahuan, masa bekerja dan umur pekerja dengan kuesionersebagai alat bantu dalam pengumpulan data. Analisis data yang menggunakan uji regresi linier. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur pekerja dan masa kerja dengan kejadian low back pain.Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan 1 poin umur pekerja maka akan terjadi peningkatan 0,084 poin low back pain pada pekerja dan peningkatan 1 poin masa kerja maka akan terjadi peningkatan 0,097 poin low back pain pada pekerja. Disarankan kepada Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Holtikultura Provinsi Riau untuk mengadakan senam pagi setiap minggunya guna memperkuat masa tulang, menurunkan nyeri sendi kronis pada pinggang, punggung dan lutut mengingat kejadian low back pain ini berhubungan dengan umur dan masa kerja.

Farmers in Indonesia are very dependent on pesticides to protect their crops from pests. Farmers are one of the subjects who are susceptible to pesticides and can cause disease due to pesticide accumulation. One of the disease that can arise due to exposure to pesticides is liver damage. This study wanted to determine the effect of pesticide exposure on liver damage seen from AST and ALT enzyme levels using farmer respondents in the Mojokerto area of 25 respondents. From the results of the study it was found that AST levels were influenced by age (P = 0.017), length of work (P = 0.035), and PPE usage (P = 0.044), while age, work period, length of work and usage of PPE did not significantly influence to ALT levels. It can be concluded that age, length of work and use of PPE affect AST levels. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of pesticide poisoning, farmers must obey the rules on the use of pesticides such as using PPE regularly and always consuming healthy food.

Musculoskeletal disorders are work-related diseases and conditions that are not safe and uncomfortable, almost all employees have experienced the disorders, ranging from pain in the neck, shoulders, and lower back. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of individual factors and work factors to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders in employees at the Ministry of Health’s Republic of Indonesia Civil Service Bureau in 2020. This study used a cross-sectional study design with the Purposive Sampling technique, with a sample of 103 employees. The research instruments used in the study were the questionnaire regarding individual characteristics, Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA), Nordic Body Map (NBP), and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) questionnaire. The result of this study indicates that the variables related to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders are age (p-value=0,001), work period (p-value=0,001), and work posture (p-value=0,001), while gender, BMI, physical activity, duration of the word are not related to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders. Employees must do physical activity 3 times a week, need to reorganize the design of the workplace so it can reduce the presence of awkward posture, and pay more attention to the position of the body at work.

Introduction: Low back pain was discomfort sensation in the lower back area or above the gluteal. Low back pain was a potential health problem for ride-hailing riders. This study aimed to describe of low back pain in online ride-hailing in Surabaya. Method: This study was done in Surabaya, used a cross-sectional design. The sample was 100 respondents using a consecutive sampling technique. Data were obtained using a questionnaire and describe using crosstabs statistical. Results: Online ride-hailing experienced low back pain amounts 61% and has not experienced amounts of 39%. Respondents have experienced low back pain aged >30 years (43%), normal BMI (41%), work position (35%), work duration > 8 hours per day (50%), work period > 5 months (52%), smoking (50%), and not exercising (46%). Conclusion: Low back pain incident has a high value that amounts to 61%. Online ride-hailing are advised to pay attention to the duration of work and work position. Enough rest time and apply an ergonomic working position can prevent the fatigue that causes low back pain.

Introduction: Contact dermatitis is inflammation caused by substance which attaches to the skin. This contact dermatitis is divided into two, which are irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of contact dermatitis that occurred in translucent farmers in Ambulu village, Ambulu District, Jember district. Methods: The type of this research was observational analytic research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 61 tobacco farmers of ambulu village, taken by simple random sampling technique to obtain 53 tobacco farmers. The independent variables in this study were tenure, the frequency of contact, the duration of contact and age. The dependent variable was contact dermatitis. The test used to determine whether there was a relationship was the Chi-Square test. The results of this study were the results of frequency analysis of tobacco farmer contacts having a p-value of 0.020 smaller than 0.05 it is means that there was a relationship. The duration of contact p-value of 0.000 smaller than 0.05 so that there was a relationship between contact time and contact dermatitis. For the work period variables, there was not a relationship with contact dermatitis with p-value 0.210 greater than 0.05, while for the results of the age analysis obtained a p-value of 0.455 so that there was no relationship between over and contact dermatitis. Conclusion: There is a relationship between the frequency of contact and the duration of contact with contact dermatitis whereas for the working period and age there is no relationship with contact dermatitis Keywords: contact dermatitis, tobacco farmers

The farmers' efforts to reduce pests are using pesticides. But, there is an adverse effect farmer’s health, namely pesticide poisoning. Based on Litbang (2004), the incidence of poisoning were about 80% in the developing countries. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors which are affected with cholinesterase levels of rice farmers who sprayed pesticides in Sumberejo, Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo. This study used an observational study design with cross sectional analytic. The sample was all rice farmers who sprayed pesticides in rice plants between 1-7 days before they blood was taken for examination of the enzyme cholinesterase. Total respondents are 40 farmers. The study was in Sumberejo, Kecamatan Balong Kabupaten Ponorogo in July 2013-February 2014. Variables in this study were age, education level, knowledge level, smoking status, used of PPE, work period, the last spraying, direction, time, and duration of spraying, and cholinesterase levels. The primary data was obtained by observation, interview, and spectrophotometer. The technique of data analysis is linier regression test. The results showed that the value of cholinesterase levels is between 5602 U/L-15668 U/L were categorized into moderate and normal. There are no affect characteristic factors (age and work period) on cholinesterase levels. Has affect method of spray (last of spraying) on cholinesterase levels.The conclusion was there is effect between the last of spraying on cholinesterase levels.Keywords: farmers, pesticides, cholinesterase levels

HMCS Victoria Repair Work Period was a strategic partnership between a naval repair facility and an industry partner fostering ground up cultural change and pushing the limits of integration at the waterfront. Many traditionalists might argue that partnering with industry via in-service-support (ISS) contracts is a precursor to rendering naval maintenance facilities redundant, thus accelerating their obsolescence. However, the HMCS Victoria Repair Work Period (VIC RWP) in the Royal Canadian Navy’s (RCN) dry dock in Esquimalt, BC presented a unique opportunity to further a philosophy predicated on an integrated and synergetic approach. A vast work scope, complex submarine design, supply chain issues exacerbated by specialized labour shortages, spurred a change to a long standing approach to submarine maintenance, namely with a Request for Proposal for integrated support resulting in a long-term partnership aimed at achieving the operational requirements of the RCN.