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Objective: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of single-port video-assisted thoracoscope (SPVATS) in treating thoracic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) using McKeown approach. Materials and Methods: Totally 10 McKeown approach-based SPVATS surgeries (8 males and 2 females, aged 42–68 years) were carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 to treat TESCC, including one case in upper thoracic segment, 5 cases in median thoracic segment and 4 cases in inferior thoracic segment. All the cases were pathologically diagnosed as SCC pre-operatively. SPVATS was performed to free thoracic oesophagus and dissect the lymph nodes, and laparoscopy was performed to free stomach and to perform oesophagus-left gastric collum anastomosis. Results: All the patients were successfully completed SPVATS, with average thoracic surgery time as 150 min, intra-operative blood loss as 30–260 ml (average 90 ml), and post-operative hospital stay as 9–16 days (average 12 days). Conclusions: SPVATS was technically feasible and safe in treating TESCC using McKeown approach, with less trauma and rapid post-operative recovery, and hence, it could be used as a new surgical option for McKeown approach-based TESCC treatment.

The aim of this study was to explore the significance of upper mediastinal lymph node dissection performed by video-assisted thoracic surgery in the treatment of middle thoracic esophageal carcinoma.The clinical and pathological data from 128 patients with middle thoracic esophageal carcinoma who underwent surgery from January 2013 to December 2015 using a right chest-abdomen-neck approach combined with thoracoscopy and laparoscopy in the Jieyang People's Hospital of Huangdong province were analyzed retrospectively.The lymph node metastasis rates of the thoracic left para-recurrent laryngeal nerve (1, 2, and 4L zones) and right para-recurrent laryngeal nerve (1R zone) were 30.47% and 28.12% in 128 cases, respectively. The metastasis rates of the 2R, 4R, and 5 zones were 4.69%, 3.91%, and 5.47%, respectively.The upper mediastinal region was the most common location for lymph node metastasis from middle thoracic esophageal carcinoma, and upper mediastinal lymph node dissection performed by video-assisted thoracic surgery was safe and complete. It also reduced the risk of para-recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, residual tumor, and the postoperative recurrence rate.

ObjectiveThe aims of this study were to make clear whether miR-21 was dysregulated in hydatidiform mole (HM) tissues and choriocarcinoma (CCA) cells, to elucidate whether aberrant miR-21 expression would affect the function of CCA cells, and to find out whether there was a relationship between miR-21 andAKT,PDCD4, andPTENin CCA cells.MethodsFresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded trophoblastic tissues (normal first trimester placentas and HMs) were retrieved from the biobank in the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Choriocarcinoma JAR and JEG-3 cells were cultured. Expression of miR-21 in trophoblast cells and tissues was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Location and distribution of miR-21 in trophoblast tissues were determinated by in situ hybridization and fluorescent in situ hybridization. The effect of miR-21 on JAR and JEG-3 cells was tested by miR-21 mimics and inhibitor transfection, followed by cell viability assay, flow cytometric analysis, and Transwell analysis. Interaction between miR-21 and its target genes in CCA cells was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and luciferase report system.ResultsWe originally found miR-21 was markedly upregulated in HM tissues compared with normal first trimester placentas. The expression of miR-21 was exclusively confined in trophoblastic layers. Furthermore, we discovered miR-21 was significantly increased in JAR and JEG-3 cells compared with normal primary human trophoblastic cells. Moreover, we demonstrated miR-21 could promote proliferation, migration, and invasion of CCA cells. We furthermore proved miR-21 negatively regulated PDCD4 and PTEN in CCA cells and targeted toPDCD43′UTR directly. In addition, we confirmed that miR-21 could activate Akt pathway by phosphorylating Akt at Ser 473.ConclusionsOur results suggested miR-21 was responsible for aggressive phenotype of gestational trophoblastic disease and had the potential diagnostic and therapeutic values for gestational trophoblastic neoplasm.

Detecting the faults related to the operating condition of induction motors is a very important task for avoiding system failure. In this paper, a novel methodology is demonstrated to detect the working condition of a three-phase induction motor and classify it as a faulty or healthy motor. The electrical current signal data is collected for five different types of fault and one normal operating condition of the induction motors. The first part of the methodology illustrates a pattern recognition technique based on the empirical wavelet transform, to transform the raw current signal into two dimensional (2-D) grayscale images comprising the information related to the faults. Second, a deep CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) model is proposed to automatically extract robust features from the grayscale images to diagnose the faults in the induction motors. The experimental results show that the proposed methodology achieves a competitive accuracy in the fault diagnosis of the induction motors and that it outperformed the traditional statistical and other deep learning methods.

The Philippines consists of 7100 islands, many of which still use fossil fuel diesel generators as the main source of electricity. This supply can be complemented by the use of renewable energy sources. This study uses a Philippine offshore island to optimize the capacity configuration of a hybrid energy system (HES). A thorough investigation was performed to understand the operating status of existing diesel generator sets, load power consumption, and collect the statistics of meteorological data and economic data. Using the Hybrid Optimization Models for Energy Resources (HOMER) software we simulate and analyze the techno-economics of different power supply systems containing stand-alone diesel systems, photovoltaic (PV)-diesel HES, wind-diesel HES, PV-wind-diesel HES, PV-diesel-storage HES, wind-diesel-storage HES, PV-wind-diesel-storage HES. In addition to the lowest cost of energy (COE), capital cost, fuel saving and occupied area, the study also uses entropy weight and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to evaluate the optimal capacity configuration. The proposed method can also be applied to design hybrid renewable energy systems for other off-grid areas.

Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) is a microsomal enzyme that exerts anti-apoptotic and cytoprotective effects. In the present study, HMOX-1 was demonstrated to be overexpressed and able to be induced by doxorubicin in breast cancer cell lines. Knockdown of HMOX-1 using short interfering (si)RNA enhanced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. Knockdown of HMOX-1 downregulated B cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 and Bcl-extra large expression, and significantly enhanced doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells. Additionally, knockdown of HMOX-1 upregulated light chain 3B expression and markedly increased the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles in MDA-MB-231 and BT549 cells treated with doxorubicin. These results indicated that HMOX-1 may be involved in conferring the chemoresistance of breast cancer cells, by preventing apoptosis and autophagy. Therefore, HMOX-1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for enhancing the cytotoxicity and efficacy of doxorubicin during the treatment of breast cancer.

Induction motors face various stresses under operating conditions leading to some failure modes. Hence, health monitoring for motors becomes essential. In this paper, we introduce an effective framework for fault diagnosis of 3-phase induction motors. The proposed framework mainly consists of two parts. The first part explains the preprocessing method, in which the time-series data signals are converted into two-dimensional (2D) images. The preprocessing method generates recurrence plots (RP), which represent the transformation of time-series data such as 3-phase current signals into 2D texture images. The second part of the paper explains how the proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) extracts the robust features to diagnose the induction motor&rsquo, s fault conditions by classifying the images. The generated RP images are considered as input for the proposed CNN in the texture image recognition task. The proposed framework is tested on the dataset collected from different 3-phase induction motors working with different failure modes. The experimental results of the proposed framework show its competitive performance over traditional methodologies and other machine learning methods.

In order to combine the advantages of Surpac in three-demensional modeling and ArcGIS Engine in three-demensional space analysis, the relation of data elements between Surpac and ArcGIS Engine is studied. In this study, the method of data conversion between two models is proposed. Take the model conversion of a large metal mine for example,showing the ability of the method,by adopting the software of Visual C++ to write a interface program of Surpac-ArcGIS Engine. The results show that the method of data conversion which is proposed in this study can switch Surpac and ArcGIS Engine.This switch function can extend the application space of ArcGIS Engine in Civil Engineering field.

As mining progresses to deeper reserves, the accompanying high stress and rockburst hazards increase and cannot be prevented. Therefore, the position of rockburst, hazard level, as well as how much energy released need to have quantitative analysis, which can provide a safe and effective guideline for mining operation. In this paper, take the Linglong Gold Mine as background, the relationship of surrounding rockmass and rock impact energy index could be derived from simulating the ground stress environment in lab. Based on above equation, FLAC 3D is used for simulating the mining operation of Linglong Gold Mine in regard of the size of rock impact energy in current excavation stress condition, which breakdown the limitation of previous method of getting the indicator of rock burst tendency evaluation from uniaxial compressive full stress-strain curve, and provide the reference for safe mining operation.

This project focus on one wearable device of speechcontroller for bicycle light direction designed with wireless sensor network. In the brand-new design system included two-parts -- wireless speech-recognition and wireless light-direction controller by speech commander. That means user can control the bicycle lights with speech command instead of traditional manual ways which made user in danger condition especially when user riding on and comes across dark environment or encounters trucks in tunnels. This creative product can be used on bicycle handles or on helmet, in addition, it can be put on hand as one fashion watch. The wearable device includes ZigBee module with 2.4GHz wireless communication which sends light control codes to the receiver on the lights. The wearable device can be set functions both single user or group users. When in single user mode, one wearable device controls one direction-light while group mode with one controller can control many bicycles lights.

This paper describes work that has been done on an innovative use of a steel chain as a cable in chain ropeway system developed for use in the mountain orchards of china. This work focuses on the use of Msc Adams in describing the quasi static behavior of the configuration of the chain ropeway. A model was built in solid works and then transferred to Msc Adams which was used to predict the profile of the chain and the tension for various loads. From this study it has been shown that Msc Adams can be a valuable tool in solving problems related to the quasi static and equilibrium state of the chain rope way system and getting an in depth behavior of its dynamics. There is now a foundation to proceed on the dynamic investigation of the chain ropeway system.

In an automobile, a stable and durable alternator is extremely important. Based on the basic characteristics of the alternators now on the mainstream market, the hardware simulation method was used to build a simulated “car engine-alternator-auto load-the external environment hardware environment” system. High and low temperature humidity test chamber simulates the vehicle internal environment and the inverter driving power frequency conversion is used to simulate motor car engine power system. It uses fixtures, belts, and pulleys to simulate the connection of the engine to the alternator. In addition it uses electronic load cases to simulate automobile electric power consumption with all kinds of current, voltage, speed signal components to provide feedback signals based on the testing system of alternator to make comparisons. The testing system is designed by analyzing and optimizing the structural mechanics of the whole system according to the requirement of the hardware system layout. For each part of the system factors of design were considered included shape, size, material selection process and heat treatment. Parts and detailed drawings were prepared and later sent for fabrication. The tests indicate that hardware alternator testing system has no major defects that can prevent it from being developed for commercial use.

Air-Fuel Radio (AFR) analyzer technology is basically mastered by monopolies of developed country nowadays. Due to the lack of development in China, it has a strong practical value to study the accurate, rapid response and portable air-fuel ratio analyzer. This article is based on the AFR calculation model microcomputer hardware and software system design, background monitoring software design and debugging and measurement system, and on the choice of universal oxygen sensor calibration laboratory, establishing a wide-range of oxygen sensor output voltage and AFR model. The main features of AFR analyzer are measurement and display of air-fuel ratio, excess air coefficient or oxygen content, via RS232 communication with host computer or via Control Area Network (CAN) bus and vehicle ECU communication function. Test results showed that the error can be controlled at ± 0.03 λ range when comparing the Analyzer measurement values to calculated values. Compared with American Innovate company LM-2 air-fuel ratio analyser, the maximum relative error measured is ±0.08 when exhaust flood or too dilute, the average measurement error is ±0.04 while λ is between 0.8 and 1.3.

Axle is one of the most important parts related to the safety of trailer’s operation on the railroad. In China, the checking of axles is mainly through visual inspection and hammer examinations. The construction of an automation hardware system was simulated by Pro/E, including support, guide rail, sensor, AC servomotor and servo driver conformed to the model. Next, for controlling the operation of the entire system, LabVIEW was used to write a program and to control the rotation of servomotor. The pressure heads controlled by linkage system were utilized to load the axle; meanwhile, through the PCI of NI, the data of pressure and displacement was collected. After calibration, the relative error of pinpointing sensor was 5.207%, and the average relative error was about 1.4%. Analyzed by SPSS, the voltage-load formula's correlation coefficient R is greater than 0.994, while the significance is less than 0.05, showing the regression of great significance. Finally, the capabilities of the simulated axle, such as fatigue, stiffness, intensity and stress, were analyzed carefully.

We build out a very vivid and real conditions environment based on the virtual reality of a simulation computer technology, so that users can be in a virtual environment through the man-machine interface with a virtual environment direct interaction. This paper studies 3d virtual model development and integration including the system design to realize the functions and systems integration. In its implementation, we use the model tool, 3 D R C to structure three-dimensional model, and the model tool, and finally we use virtools tool to achieve a three-dimensional with the establishment of virtual scene model. Virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) is a computer senior man-machine interface on the basic feature of absorbion, interactiveness and constructiveness [1,2]. Specifically, virtual reality is a computer that creates the stereoscopic spaces, and users can interact space objects in the interaction and watch the operation of some part of the objects in space, and freely move with the users' will so that a sense of integration and participation are produced[3,4]. It is used in computer technology at the core of modern high technology ,which means to build a realistic view, hear and touch the integration of a virtual environment with the necessary equipment and a virtual environment of the interaction and mutual influence, which results in the "immersion" be true of the environment and feel[5-7]. VR technology is computer technology, computer graphics, computer simulations visual and technical, visual physiology, psychology, the microelectronics visual display technique, solid technology, sensing to measure the technical, technological, information technology, and voice recognition software engineering and technology, integrated man-machine the skill interfacing, and network technology and artificial intelligence technology and the achievement of other high technology. Since the birth of a virtual reality technology, it has the huge economy, military and the internet, multimedia minded race in many areas in the application of technology in the 21st century as the three-big technologies.

This study is a creative and initial work focused on designing an intelligently automatic detecting and sensor system for home appliances being smartly interactive with mankind with speech in the living space. Since the tide of automation flowed over the industry, manufacturing business, even the living space of mankind resulting from shifting and highly developing of computer technique such as office-automation (OA), home-automation (HA), and Manufacture-automation (MA) etc. Though automation spread throughout the manufacturing in last decade, there seemed no such equal attention with home appliance. In this paper, the automation developed into the place where we spend most of our time becomes a brand-new thinking. There are so many home appliances in our living space, and how to make them intelligent so as to let our life more safety, convenient, and comfortable will be a challenge to our knowledge. In this study, some technique and skills especially related 3C (computer, communication, content) were developed to make our home appliances intelligent such as radio remote control, sensors invented by researchers, auto-dialing system, and image analysis with CCD (charged-coupled device) image-fetched. Through linking the sub-systems' function, the main function of the home appliance worked smartly - in this case, we use a refrigerator as the center of all home appliances in a family, the refrigerator could sense the lack of the food, drinks, even irregular shape fruits through all designed sensors and CCD images analysis system, and it also could auto-dial the vendors to deliver the thing those were sensed insufficient. In addition to detect capability, the refrigerator could assign works to other appliance through inter-net or wireless radio remote control system, for example, supposing that we forgot to turn off the gas oven after we had reached far away our home, we could dial cell phone or phone into the refrigerator to generate command code to turn off the fire through remote control module set up both on refrigerator and oven. This design can insure our life saved and convenience.

Owing to the storage capacity of oil on the earth at most last for 40 years and being in the situation of unbalance of necessity and consume, the oil price has crazily risen up and this situation indirectly caused economic decline, goods price unstable, all those condition gradually caused global economic crises. Every country was conscious of the energy of earth was almost consumption danger, thus they positively developed the new energy of next generation such nuclear energy, windpower generator, solar energy, biologic energy etc. Among those methods nuclear energy was the better strategy for producing energy for its economical benefits, but it would generate large amount emission of CO 2 , and finally leading to second pollution and ozonosphere broken to form greenhouse effect and cause gradual ecological damage. That's why all countries again developed all possible methods to conserve energy and decrease CO 2 emission and that meant not only regarded energy develop but also energy conserved. This research was mainly to meet with the government policy of energy saving which was positively promoted by Energy Bureau of Taiwan Economy Department and to use all brand-new technology of sensor and communication techniques to construct active intelligent energy-conserved system which was designed on the conception of module to correspond to different energy consumption condition. In this system “active” meant the system with auto-sensor and monitoring control techniques would detect the energy consumption conditions both in environmental factors and power system in addition to feedback control with optimal operating parameters such as voltage, current, power factor, harmony-wave factor that was arranged with intelligent agent technique. All those parameters in this system would be automatically detected by digital meters which was designed by researchers with DSP, high-speed A/D concerted card so as to real-time respond to system operation; as to recognition of objective environment such as persons, facilities, air conditioning, lights in the space would need to use RFID system; parameters would be transmitted to servo PC to be judged what's the best feedback control parameters so there would develop ZigBee wireless sensor network technique; the controlled facilities would use Bluetooth modules which was operating with high frequency, non-disturbed, low power-consumption, non-direction features; as to long distance far away main servo PC the transmission mechanism would use embedded system to construct middle-way real-time respond system; the rear terminal control would design with power PLC.

This paper was exploring one of serial issues which derived from mankind life greatly adopting 3C products everywhere when entering 21th century. At present for the purpose of insuring more security and convenience of daily life, most of advanced countries positively invested much money and manpower to research and develop home-security system with hi-tech and have achieved great success. Taiwan owned many such hi-tech implemented by related manufacturers and those benefits coming along with this business created the environemnt in which more advanced techniques and mechanisms for morden home-security were developed to satisfy the need of people. There are two divisions of security system: (1) commerical-security system (2) home-security system. Since the commerical-security system usually needed too much cost to meet the expenditure of ordinary family, the paper tried to develop DIY home-security so as to cost down the expenditure as well as to improve the mechanism of traditional ones with brand-new techniques co-constructed with phone-net, speech-function, and Bluetooth modules.

This study is a creative and initial work focused on designing an intelligent living-space with automatic control system to control all home appliances in the living space. First of all, the system was constructed with two parts; one is remote control mechanism with Bluetooth (BT) module mounting on both master controller module (remote controller) and slave receiver module (on every home appliance), the other is to design the remote controller with speech-recognition and function of self-learning human voice so that people could directly give command to control appliances, In this paper we focused on the technique of speech-recognition microprocessor. After implementing the finished projects, the whole system was proved to be great successful and the final result of this research has achieved both National patent authorized by Patent Bureau of Taiwan Economy Ministry, and The First Prize of National Award of Practical Projects Design authorized by Taiwan Education Ministry.

The purpose of this study was to explore the related practical techniques of monitoring and controlling system in designing renewable energy system, especially for Small-scaled wind-power generator. Recently, the whole world was actively developing replaced energy to solve the economic development and daily-life necessities problems resulting from gradually lacking of oil. Taiwan government was progressively planning to develop small-scaled wind-power generators under authority of Energy Bureau of Economy Minister. The real-time running parameters of wind-power generator is very essential for designing the power-generating system, in this paper, a data transition system including how to construct ZigBee Non-Beacon-Enable-Network, communication techniques, data coding, and its interface for collecting running parameters in wind-power generator was designed with both ZigBee wireless-sensor-networks (WSN) module and wired RS- 422 Interface to double check the precision of transmitting data. The final result of this study has successfully implemented in a practical small-scaled wind-power generator system which was part of integrated-project of Teaching Superior Projects authorized by Taiwan Education Minister – Constructing Monitoring and Controlling Interface in Small-scaled Wind-power Generator System, and the validity and stability of the system has been proved efficient and successful.

The purpose of this study was to explore the related practical techniques of monitoring and controlling system in designing renewable energy system, especially for small-scaled wind-power generator. Recently, the whole world was actively developing replaced energy to solve the economic development and daily-life necessities problems resulting from gradually lacking of oil. Taiwan government was progressively planning to develop small-scaled wind-power generators under authority of Energy Bureau of Economy Minister. The real-time running parameters of wind-power generator is very essential for designing the power-generating system, in this paper, a data transition system including how to construct ZigBee non-beacon-enable-network, communication techniques, data coding, and its interface for collecting running parameters in wind-power generator was designed with ZigBee wireless-sensor-networks (WSN) module. The final result of this study has successfully implemented in a practical small-scaled wind-power generator system which was part of integrated-project of Teaching Superior Projects authorized by Taiwan Education Minister-Constructing Monitoring and Controlling Interface in small-scaled wind-power generator system, and the validity and stability of the system has been proved efficient and successful.

This paper mainly focused on exploring the intelligent living-space issues of daily life especially when mankind steps into 21st century leading by concept of 3C Since Japan and Korea have invest a lot of resource in researching and developing digitalizing living-space many years, those strategies really upgraded the competition potential of country s economy and created many related brand-new industries for 3C Taiwan now positively touches into this category of manufacturing industry by initiating from Far-eastern Constructing Co. Ltd., which proposed "digitalized community" and began the research category of the intelligent living-space. In this paper, an intelligent living-space based on Blue-tooth system was practically designed and implemented in a living room, which was supported by the Taiwan Education Ministry under "projects of improving teaching superiority Taiwan colleges", and the whole system was finally proved to be successful with its steady functions. The related techniques developed included software developing of Blue-tooth modules, hardware design of interface transition between blue-tooth and RS-232, decoding of message package, pairs matching, and communication mode switching in multi-modules. The study purposes of the system are : 1. To study the related techniques of Blue-tooth modules and its communication mechanism implemented in an intelligent living-space. 2. To research and develop a remote control system or monitoring system with the Blue-tooth communication system. 3. To develop the interface between Blue-tooth module and RS232 mounted on any microprocessor or PC.

Both advantages and disadvantages of CCD camera and flat scanner used as image taking equipment for leaf area measurement using digital image processing methods have been analyzed in this paper. For the main limitation of currently used leaf area measuring methods is that only one piece of leaf can be measured separately, a novel algorithm based on MATLAB and flat scanner has been figured out to measure leaf areas synchronously in a multi-leaf scanned digital image. Results of experiments were: the accuracy of leaf identification when no superposition between leaves was 100%, the relative error of calculated leaf area between using this method and in weighing method was 2.43%, the determination coefficient R2 was 0.9996. Results indicated that this method can be used in the object identification and leaf area calculation in a multi-leaf scanned image.