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Assessment of ecosystem services is vital for successful natural resource allocation; however, these have been less studied within Vietnam. This study estimated the ecosystem services value (ESV) and its change in Cham Chu nature reserve, Vietnam using a benefit transfer method. Ecosystem service values estimation and trend analyses were carried out based on land use and land cover datasets from 1986, 1998, 2007, and 2017, with their corresponding global value coefficients. The results revealed that the total value of ecosystem services in Cham Chu was approximately 64.4, 63.9, 60.7, and 63.4 million USD in 1986, 1998, 2007, and 2017, respectively. Changes have also occurred in the values of individual ecosystem service functions. From 1986 to 2017, ecosystem service functions showed significant decreases in gas regulation, pollination, biological control, water regulation, water supply, and food production of 62.9%, 51.2%, 44.4%, 24.7%, 23.1%, and 13.0%, respectively. We conclude that the loss of ESV is a result of ecological deterioration in the studied landscape, and we propose further research to examine future solutions and establish action strategies. In summary, the research approach methodology developed can be used by land managers and planners in Vietnam as a guideline to estimate the importance of ecosystem services in Vietnam.

This study focuses on constructing a 3D geo-cellular model by using well-log data and other geological information to enable a deep investigation of the reservoir characteristics and estimation of the hydrocarbon potential in the clastic reservoir of the marginal field in offshore Vietnam. In this study, Petrel software was adopted for geostatistical modeling. First, a sequential indicator simulation (SIS) was adopted for facies modeling. Next, sequential Gaussian simulation (SGS) and co-kriging approaches were utilized for petrophysical modeling. Furthermore, the results of the petrophysical models were verified by a quality control process before determining the in-place oil for each reservoir in the field. Multiple geological realizations were generated to reduce the geological uncertainty of the model assessment for the facies and porosity model. The most consistent one would then be the best candidate for further evaluation. The porosity distribution ranged from 9 to 22%. The original oil place of clastic reservoirs in the marginal field was 50.28 MMbbl. Ultimately, this research found that the marginal field could be considered a potential candidate for future oil and gas development in offshore Vietnam.

On the basis of social cognitive theory, social interaction theory, and cognitive flexibility theory, this study investigates the relationship between workplace learning and frontline managers' creativity in the hospitality industry, with the mediating roles of knowledge sharing and cognitive flexibility. This study uses structural equation modeling to test hypotheses using a three-wave time-lagged sample data of 307 frontline managers in the hospitality industry in Vietnam. Results show that workplace learning is positively related to frontline managers' creativity. Furthermore, knowledge sharing has a positive mediating effect in the relationship between workplace learning and frontline managers' creativity. In addition, cognitive flexibility positively mediates the relationship between workplace learning and frontline managers' creativity. Cognitive flexibility also positively mediates the relationship between knowledge sharing and frontline managers' creativity. These findings provide implications for both academics and practitioners in the hospitality industry regarding enhancing frontline managers’ creativity through workplace learning, knowledge sharing, and cognitive flexibility.

Introduction: Our research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis using enoxaparin in patients undergoing hip replacement. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on medical records of patients aged 40 years and older undergoing hip replacement. Exclusion criteria included patients who had used anticoagulants to prevent other diseases, patients with a history of chronic renal failure, liver failure, cancer or allergy to anticoagulants, and patients with indicated mechanical prophylaxis. In our study, 65 patients were randomized into 2 groups - the control group and the venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis group (receiving subcutaneous enoxaparin 40 mg daily for 7 - 14 days). Preventive effectiveness was evaluated based on the comparison of VTE incidence after surgery between the groups. Results: In our study, most of the patients were over 60 years old (79.2%). No case of pulmonary embolism was recorded. There were 11 patients in the control group (17.2%) who developed deep venous thrombosis (DVT) versus 2 patients in the prophylaxis group (3.1%). After adjusting for postoperative hospital stay, use of enoxaparin reduced the risk of DVT by 89.7% (OR 0.103, 95% confidence interval 0.019-0.569, p=0.009), especially in patients over 60 years old (OR 0.147, 95% confidence interval 0.026 - 0.822, p = 0.029). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that using enoxaparin significantly reduces the incidence of DVT in patients undergoing hip replacement, especially in patients over 60 years old.

PurposeThis paper examines whether guests contribute sWOM (social word of mouth) on different SNSs (social networking sites) regarding various personal motivations. SNSs have changed the way guests eat and experience their food and dishes. Marketing managers have effectively targeted SNSs as a marketing tool, yet have little research about drivers of guests' sWOM contribution on SNSs has been done. A model including the significant motives: (1) experiences, (2) opinion leadership, (3) reflection of self and (4) need for unique is tested to investigate their positive effects on contribution behavior of social media guests.Design/methodology/approachThe data collected from 411 guests by using the snowball method was used for analysis. The structural equation modeling was applied to examine the relationships among the constructs and test the eight proposed hypotheses.FindingsResults reveal that experiences, opinion leadership, reflection of self and need for unique were positively associated with contributing sWOM of restaurants. Furthermore, those who have positive experiences tend to be opinion leadership and reflection of self. And guests who show reflection of self, they are more likely to have opinion leaders and show need for uniqueness. Our study expands the existing frameworks of sWOM contribution by identifying various motivations and labeling sWOM. Findings provide restaurant managers with managerial implications for online marketing strategies on SNSs to attract sWOM contribution among guests.Research limitations/implicationsIt has some limitations while discovering the motivations of positive sWOM contribution. First, we only focused on the motivation of contributing positive sWOM, while negative sWOM received many arguments in changing attitudes toward buying products or services. Second, we collected data in Vietnam only without comparing with different countries. Future research could explore further cross-cultural perspectives to fill the gap. Third, this study explored sWOM contribution in service environment, sWOM contribution from service context may be slightly different from those of product brands.Practical implicationsThese findings highlight the motivations of sWOM contribution that restaurant managers must recognize and make use of it. SNSs have given power to consumers to post everything at anytime and anywhere they like, therefore restaurant managers need to deeply understand why their consumers contribute sWOM. In digital era, customers and guests have become the ultimate tools for promoting product or service brands. The marketing managers should create an online platform in order to facilitate their consumers to discuss their brand frequently (Charu et al., 2018). Restaurants should have policies to push positive eWOM maximally and also reduce advertising costs.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies on sWOM contribution of what motivate guests to contribute their sWOM on SNSs. Theoretically, this study offers deep insights into the links between various motivations and sWOM in foodservice context. Managerially, understanding these motivations allow marketing managers create effective policies that motivate guests to contribute positive word of mouth.

BackgroundLittle is known about the natural history of asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study at a quarantine center for coronavirus disease 2019 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We enrolled quarantined people with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting clinical data, travel and contact history, and saliva at enrollment and daily nasopharyngeal/throat swabs (NTSs) for RT-PCR testing. We compared the natural history and transmission potential of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.ResultsBetween 10 March and 4 April 2020, 14 000 quarantined people were tested for SARS-CoV-2; 49 were positive. Of these, 30 participated in the study: 13 (43%) never had symptoms and 17 (57%) were symptomatic. Seventeen (57%) participants imported cases. Compared with symptomatic individuals, asymptomatic people were less likely to have detectable SARS-CoV-2 in NTS collected at enrollment (8/13 [62%] vs 17/17 [100%]; P = .02). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 20 of 27 (74%) available saliva samples (7 of 11 [64%] in the asymptomatic group and 13 of 16 [81%] in the symptomatic group; P = .56). Analysis of RT-PCR positivity probability showed that asymptomatic participants had faster viral clearance than symptomatic participants (P ConclusionsAsymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and can be detected by analysis of saliva or NTSs. The NTS viral loads fall faster in asymptomatic individuals, but these individuals appear able to transmit the virus to others.

Social media (SM) plays an increasingly important role in small and medium businesses, including wineries. However, little is known about the managerial adoption and use of SM by wineries. This study aims to understand wineries’ SM usage by analysing their strategic objectives of SM usage and main differences in relation to their SM usage, as well as establishing factors contributing to SM usage. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions) is discussed together with additional explanatory factors relevant in the studied context (attitude toward SM, self-efficacy, and anxiety). A quantitative survey of 78 wineries from the Alsace wine region of France was conducted. The results show that SM is currently used by a majority of wineries, but that strategic alignment is missing. There are significant differences in SM usage according to winery size, export orientation, and winemakers’ profiles. The results also confirm that wineries need resources and knowledge to use SM more extensively.

Background: The criteria set of assessing hospital quality in Vietnam in 2016 was revied from the criteria set in 2013 by the Ministry of Health in order to help hospitals to self-assess towards improvinge quality of hospitals in the international integration context. The study aimed to assess the quality of public hospitals in Can Tho City according to the revised criteria set of the Ministry of Health in 2016 and compare the quality among three hospital ranks (including grade I, grade II, and grade III) via to 5 groups of quality criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional study, using secondary data analysis was applied to assess the service quality of 7 general public hospitals in Can Tho City. Results: The average total score of 7 hospitals is 245 and the average for the criteria of 7 hospitals is 2.99, which is just satisfactory. In the criterion of quality, criterion D and E had the lowest scores compared to the other three groups. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.076) among the mean scores for the three hospital categories. Conclusion: The quality of public hospitals in Can Tho city in 2016 only reached moderately good level (2.99). Interventions should be developed to improve the quality of hospitals, with particular emphasis on improving the quality of criteria groups D and E. Key words: Quality, hospital, medicine, health, public, Can Tho

Sustainable development is a global trend to build a prosperous society, especially to promote green growth towards ecological approach and based on sustainable use of natural resources in the context of climate change. This article, therefore, is an attempt to synthesize the sustainable development process in the world, from the initial awareness of the role of the environment in the development process in the 1980s, to the development of Agenda 21 in the 1990s, to develop and implement the 2030 agenda for sustainable development in the present time. The change in awareness and practice of sustainable development also demonstrates the trend of social-ecological transformation as a development trend and is an urgent requirement towards building a prosperous and sustainable society. Integrating sustainable development into international and national development policies can be considered as a form of promoting social-ecological transformation. The UNESCO’ system of Biosphere Reserves as a model for promoting sustainable development initiatives towards harmony between people and nature can be considered as a model of a social-ecological system. Vietnam as a country actively participating the sustainable development process in the world has made great efforts to build a prosperous and sustainable society. Keywords: Sustainable development, social - ecological transformation, Vietnam. References [1] United Nations, Agenda 2, United Nations Conference on Environment & Development Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992, pp. 351.[2] IUCN, UNEP, WWF, World Conservation Strategy: Living Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development, 1980, pp. 77.[3] United Nations, Our Common Future, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987.[4] Meadows, H. Donella, Meadows, L. Dennis, Randers, Jørgen; Behrens III, W. William, The Limits to Growth; A Report for the Club of Rome's Project on the Predicament of Mankind. New York: Universe Books, 1972.[5] IUCN, UNEP và WWF, Caring for the Earth: A Strategy for Sustainable Living (in Vietnamse), Translation from original copy, Hanoi: Science and Technology Publishing House, 1993, pp. 240.[6] Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Island Press, Washington, DC, 2005, pp. 102.[7] United Nations, Global Sustainable Development Report, 2015a, pp. 198.[8] United Nations, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A/RES/70/1, 2015b, pp. 40.[9] Liliane Danso-Dahmen, Philip Degenhardt (Eds.), Social-Ecological Transformation Perspectives from Asia and Europe. Published by the Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung, 2019, pp. 111.[10] Bass Steve, Conceptual Frameworks for Integrating Sustainable Development Dimensions Paper for UNDESA/UNEP/UNDP Workshop on SD Integration tools, Geneva, 14-15 October 2015.[11] Cejudo, Guillermo M and Cynthia Michel, Addressing fragmented government action: Coordination, coherence, and integration. Paper to be presented at the 2nd International Conference in Public Policy, Milan, July 2015, pp. 22.[12] UN-DESA, Integrated Approaches to Sustainable Development Planning and Implementation. Report of the Capacity Building Workshop and Expert Group Meeting, Department of Economic & Social Affairs, 2015.[13] ESDN, Horizontal Policy Integration and Sustainable Development: Conceptual remarks and governance examples. ESDN Quarterly Report June 2009, http://www.sd-network.eu/quarterly%20reports/report%20files/pdf/2009-June-Horizontal_Policy_Integration_and_Sustainable_Development.pdf.[14] OECD, Guidance on Sustainability Impact Assessment. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2010.[15] DFID, Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets. April 1999, https://www.ennonline.net/dfidsustainableliving.[16] Adams, W.M, The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century. Report of the IUCN Renowned Thinkers Meeting, 29-31 January 2006, pp. 18. https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/Rep-2006-002.pdf.[17] J. Rockström et al., A safe operating space for humanity, Nature 461(7263), 2009a, 472–475.[18] J. Rockström et al., Planetary Boundaries: Exploring the Safe Operating Space for Humanity. Ecology and Society 14(2), 2009b, 32. [19] Steffen, Will, K. Richardson, J. Rockström, S.E. Cornell, I. Fetzer, E.M. Bennett, R. Biggs, S.R. Carpenter, Wim de Vries, Cynthia A. de Wit, Carl Folke, Dieter Gerten, J. Heinke, G.M. Mace, Linn M. Persson, Veerabhadran Ramanathan, B. Reyers, Sverker Sörlin, Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet. Science 347, 1259855 (2015). DOI: 10.1126/science.1259855.[20] Pisano, Umberto and Gerald Berger, Planetary Boundaries for Sustainable Development: From a conceptual perspective to national applications. ESDN Quarterly Report 30 – October 2013, ESDN Quarterly Report N.30. European Sustainable Development Network, 31 pages, http://www.sd-network.eu/quarterly%20reports/report%20files/pdf/2013-October-Planetary_Boundaries_for_SD.pdf[21] Raworth Kate, From Will these Sustainable Development Goals get us into the doughnut (aka a safe and just space for humanity)? Duncan Green’s discussion on Raworth’s doughnut and SDGs. 2014, http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/will-these-sustainable-development-goals-get-us-into-the-doughnut-aka-a-safe-and-just-space-for-humanity-guest-post-from-kate-raworth/[22] Vietnam, Implementation of Sustainable Development: National Report at the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) (in Vietnamese), Ministry of Planning and Investment, Hanoi, May 2012, pp. 82.[23] Vietnam, Voluntary National Review on the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals ,Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2018, pp. 90 (in Vietnamese).[24] IMHEN, Integrating Climate Change into Socio-economic Development Plans Viet Nam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Viet Nam Publishing House of Natural Resources, Environment and Cartography, Hanoi, 2012, pp.137 (in Vietnamese).[25] T. Thuc, H.T.L. Huong and D. M. Trang, Technical guidance on integrating climate change into development planning Viet Nam Institute of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change, Viet Nam Publishing House of Natural Resources, Environment and Cartography, Hanoi, 2012, pp. 69 (in Vietnamese).[26] MPI and UNDP, A study on advanced strategic environmental assessment tools for the sustainability assessment of development planning projects, A project on "Strengthening capacity to integrate sustainable development and climate change in planning in Vietnam, Hanoi, 2011, pp. 79 (in Vietnamese).[27] Minister of the Ministry of Planning and Investment, Circular No. 02/2013/TT-BKHDT dated March 27, 2013 guiding the implementation of a number of contents of the Strategy for Sustainable Development in Vietnam for the period 2011-2020), 2013 (in Vietnamese).[28] V.T. Son and T.T. Phuong, Monitoring and evaluation criteria for management effectiveness for biosphere reserves: Practices in the world and applicability in Vietnam (in Vietnamese). Journal of Environment, Topic II, 2018, 12-15.[29] German MAB National Committee. Criteria for Designation and Evaluation of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Germany. Publisher: German National Committee for the UNESCO Programme “Man and the Biosphere” (MAB), 1996, pp. 65.[30] V.T. Son et al, Final report of the independent State-level scientific and technological project titled “Research on developing a set of criteria and procedures for monitoring and evaluating the efficiency of management of biosphere reserves in Vietnam”, Code DTLXH, 20/15.2018.

Information and communication technology (ICT) plays a vital role in sustaining social businesses. However, little is known about how a mobile app can be a catalyst for sustainable social business. Guided by the technology affordance theory and service-dominant (S-D) logic, the present study aims to address this research gap by examining both the perspectives of providers and users, using the Too Good To Go (TGTG) app – the largest social movement in Europe – as a case study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the congruence/gap between customer value proposition (CVP) and value-in-use (VIU). The findings highlight that social, functional, and emotional values are the success factors for the TGTG app to accomplish its social missions of reducing food waste and CO2 emissions and allowing everyone to access quality food at an affordable price. The theoretical and practical implications of this study and directions for future research are also presented.

Under the lens of conservation of resources and social exchange theories and job demands-resources model, this research aimed at advancing the knowledge regarding the role of trade union support (T...

The Covid-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the worldwide economy, particularly the restaurant sector. To face these challenges, the multi- and omni-channel approaches have been embraced by seve...

In recent years, the High Voltage Direct Current transmission (HVDC), especially the Voltage Source Converter (VSC)-based HVDC, has been considered as a promising technology to convey power from offshore wind farms to onshore Alternating Current (AC) grids. By connecting many wind farms via a meshed HVDC, the total variation of wind power output would be reduced due to the increase in geographical distribution of wind farms. A meshed HVDC transmission also forms a future cross-border system where a DC network connects many AC grids and wind farms. In such a structure, the power reserve can be exchanged between all AC grids. In the power system with a high penetration of wind power, it is considered as a good method to strengthen the frequency security, and reduce the reserve amount. Several power-sharing methods have been proposed for meshed HVDC networks. Each strategy has its own advantages and disadvantages. This paper aims to investigate the feasible control strategies that allow power sharing among terminals in a meshed HVDC. A simulation model with a six-terminal meshed HVDC system is established by PSCAD/EMTDC software. By performing various operating scenarios, the comparative results demonstrate the features of each control method on power-sharing to strengthen AC grids.

Modelling accurately lithofacies and petrophysical properties is an important yet challenging process especially at the beginning of exploration and production from hydrocarbon reservoirs. However, the limited amount of well data and core data are the main issues facing conventional modelling processes. In this paper, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Sequential Gaussian Simulation (SGS), Co-kriging and object-based modelling (OBM) were integrated as the enhancement framework for lithofacies and petrophysical properties modelling in the fluvial channel sandstone reservoir. In the OBM, multiple fluvial channels were generated in the lithofacies model. The result of this model represented all the characteristic of the fluvial channel reservoir. The model was then distributed with channels, crevasse, and leeves depositional facies with background shale. Multiple geological realizations were made and cross-validation to select the most suitable lithofacies distribution. This model was cross-validated by modelling the porosity and permeability properties using Sequential Gaussian Simulation. Thereafter, the modelling process continued with Artificial Neural Network. Petrophysical properties (mainly porosity and permeability) were predicted by training various seismic attributes and well log data using the ANN. Applying the co-kriging algorithm, the predicted ANN model was integrated with OBM simulated lithofacies model to preserve the fluvial features of the geological system. To achieve full field history matching, the final geological model was upscaled to serve as input data in dynamic history matching. An excellent and nearly perfect history matching with a least mismatch was obtained between the measurement and simulated bottom hole pressure from well test and production history. The results indicated that an efficient integrated workflow of ANN and other geostatistical approaches are imperative to attaining an excellent history matching.

Deep saline formations are considered potential sites for geological carbon storage. To better understand the CO2 trapping mechanism in saline aquifers, it is necessary to develop robust tools to evaluate CO2 trapping efficiency. This paper introduces the application of Gaussian process regression (GPR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) to predict CO2 trapping efficiency in saline formations. First, the uncertainty variables, including geologic parameters, petrophysical properties, and other physical characteristics data, were utilized to create a training dataset. In total, 101 reservoir simulations were then performed, and residual trapping, solubility trapping, and cumulative CO2 injection were analyzed. The predicted results indicated that three machine learning (ML) models that evaluate performance from high to low (GPR, SVM, and RF) can be selected to predict the CO2 trapping efficiency in deep saline formations. The GPR model had an excellent CO2 trapping prediction efficiency with the highest correlation factor (R2 = 0.992) and the lowest root mean square error (RMSE = 0.00491). Also, the predictive models obtained good agreement between the simulated field and predicted trapping index. These findings indicate that the GPR ML models can support the numerical simulation as a robust predictive tool for estimating the performance of CO2 trapping in the subsurface.

Fronthaul is associated with a new and different type of Radio Access Network architecture consisting of centralized Baseband Units (BBUs) and Remote Radio Units (RRUs) [2] . In order to meet the fifth-generation wireless (5G) challenges of increased traffic and data flows, a new connection protocol for the fronthaul network called Evolved Common Public Radio Interface (eCPRI) has been published. This paper aims to design a system that supports this interface to transmit data from the BBUs to RRUs in 5G Radio Access Network (RAN). By referencing the specification of eCPRI, we develop a hardware system on FPGA to encapsulate and extract required headers for this protocol. The system is compatible with a 10Gb Ethernet subsystem that provides 10Gb Ethernet MAC and a Physical Interface. On top of the system, we develop drivers and applications to configure and run the system.

Background Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a serious public health problem with poor treatment outcomes. Predictors of poor outcomes vary in different regions. Vietnam is among the top 30 high burden of MDR-TB countries. We describe demographic characteristics and identify risk factors for poor outcome among patients with MDR-TB in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the most populous city in Vietnam. Methods This retrospective study included 2266 patients who initiated MDR-TB treatment between 2011 and 2015 in HCMC. Treatment outcomes were available for 2240 patients. Data was collected from standardized paper-based treatment cards and electronic records. A Kruskal Wallis test was used to assess changes in median age and body mass index (BMI) over time, and a Wilcoxon test was used to compare the median BMI of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Chi squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Multivariate logistic regression with multiple imputation for missing data was used to identify risk factors for poor outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using R program. Results Among 2266 eligible cases, 60.2% had failed on a category I or II treatment regimen, 57.7% were underweight, 30.2% had diabetes mellitus and 9.6% were HIV positive. The notification rate increased 24.7% from 2011 to 2015. The treatment success rate was 73.3%. Risk factors for poor treatment outcome included HIV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.94), advanced age (aOR: 1.45 for every increase of 5 years for patients 60 years or older), having history of MDR-TB treatment (aOR: 5.53), sputum smear grade scanty or 1+ (aOR: 1.47), smear grade 2+ or 3+ (aOR: 2.06), low BMI (aOR: 0.83 for every increase of 1 kg/m2 of BMI for patients with BMI Conclusion The number of patients diagnosed with MDR-TB in HCMC increased by almost a quarter between 2011 and 2015. Patients with HIV, high smear grade, malnutrition or a history of previous MDR-TB treatment are at greatest risk of poor treatment outcome.

This study describes clinical and subclinical features of 30 patients with airway foreign body at the Endoscopy Department, National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital of Vietnam from August 2018 to February 2020. The study results show that airway foreign body was commonly found in patients aged over 18 (43.33%); male-female ratio was 1.7:1; cough and shortness of breath were two common symptoms with 96.67% and 73.33%, respectively; penetration syndrome was the common clinical symptom with 93.33%; 20% of the airway foreign body cases were detected by X-ray; 100% of the airway foreign body cases were diagnosed by endoscopy; 53.33% of the cases were cured in one day; and 93.33% of the cases showed good treatment results. The study concludes that airway foreign bodies can be detected in all ages with more men than women; penetration syndrome with cough and shortness of breath suggests symptoms of airway foreign bodies; and endoscopy of bronchial airways is the leading method to diagnose and remove airway foreign bodies. Keywords Airway foreign body, clinical, subclinical. References [1] V.T. Quang, Otorhinorarynology Textbook, Vietnam National University Press, Hanoi, 2017 (in Vietnamese).[2] A.M. Salih, M. Alfaki and D.M. Alam-Elhuda, Airway foreign bodies: A critical review for a common pediatric emergency, National Central for Biotechnology Information, 2016, 7: 5-12. http://doi.org/10.5847/wjem.j.1920 8642.2016.01.001 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4786499/[3] D.D. Tuoc, Forgotten airway foreign body, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hanoi Medical University, 1978 (in Vietnamese).[4] N.D. Khang, N.N. Lien, Airway foreign body cases in National Otorhinolarygology Hospital of Vietnam from 1998 to 2001, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hanoi Medical University, 2001 (in Vietnamese).[5] V.L. Phuoc, Airway foreign bodies in Otorhinorarygology Department at Hue Central Hospital, The Second Degree Specialist Graduation Thesis, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2003 (in Vietnamese). [6] L.S. Can, P.K. Hoa, Airway foreign body, in: L.S. Can, Otorhinorarynology Emergency, Medical Publishing House, Hanoi, 1991, pp 32-38 (in Vietnamese).[7] C.Y. Chiu, K.S. Wong, S.H. Lai, S.H. Hsia, C.T.Wu. Factors predicting early diagnosis of foreign body aspiration in children. Polish Journal of Otolaryngology 21 (2005) 161–164. https://doi.org/10.5604/00306657.1184544

Objective: describe the clinical features in chronic sinusitis in adults in National Otorhinorarynology Hospital of Vietnam. Subjects and research methods: use the transverse descriptive method to describe the clinical features in chronic sinusitis in adults in the inpatient department - National otolaryngology hospital of Viet Nam. Results: the study involved 58 patients aged 18 and over suffering from chronic sinusitis in the inpatient department - National Otorhinorarynology Hospital of Vietnam from August 2019 to December 2019. The average age of the patients is 47,17 ± 15,32, with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1; most of the reason for being hospitalized is runny nose (72,4%) and stuffy nose (87,9%). Symptoms encountered in chronic sinusitis are runny nose, stuffy nose, headache, smell disorders and cough, in addition, with systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, weakness. Conclusion: on the clinical characteristics of chronic sinusitis in adults, the common symptoms in chronic sinusitis are runny nose, stuffy nose, headache, smell disorders and cough, duration of illness lasts from 6 months to many years, in both men and women.

The aim of this chapter is to illustrate the use of a Destination Management Organisation (DMO) Website as a tool of social tension mediator. From a methodological point of view, this chapter has adopted an exploratory qualitative approach in order to gain in-depth information regarding the phenomenon. As a tool of social innovation, a DMO Website has a strong potential in terms of helping destination to overcome social tensions. Findings show how a DMO Website could ensure the e-governance of the destination and experience co-creation by the stakeholders’ active participation. This chapter presents directives for DMO managers with precise examples in order to overcome social tensions and tackle overtourism.

Overtourism and under-tourism are inevitable in an era characterized by globalisation, sophistication and emancipation. Overtourism and under-tourism are the outcome of mismanaged destinations, poor planning and lack of coordination. Both are causes to the destruction of a destination and they have to share the responsibilities; after all, different stakeholders nurture contrasting and conflicting interests. Destination management organizations have a key role to play in the game of overtourism and under-tourism. The chapter argues that one of the critical success factors for managing undertourism and overtourism relates to the coordination role played by Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) and international tourism organisations. Moreover, the need for innovation and new approaches in order to be able to compete with established destinations show creative tourism as an option.

Social networking sites (SNS) are a modern form of communication used by the young people across the world. Many young people discuss on forums and exchange information, opinions on SNS. This study empirically examines the effects of consumer opinion leadership (COL) and consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (CSII) on young people’s tourism destinations information seeking and dissemination behavior on SNS from consumers’ point of view. The study aimed to answer the following questions: Does COL and CSII affect young people’s tourism destinations information seeking and dissemination behavior on SNS? Is there gender difference in young people’s tourism destinations information seeking and dissemination behavior on SNS? The data generated from various instruments were organized into emerging themes to validate the findings. The results indicated COL and CSII only affected tourism destinations information seeking and dissemination behaviors on SNS of young people. Gender was not supported by the research. These findings suggest that, marketing activities and tactics should be engaged to attract opinion leaders.

BackgroundLittle is known about the natural history of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection or its contribution to infection transmission.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study at a quarantine centre for COVID-19 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We enrolled quarantined people with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, collecting clinical data, travel and contact history, and saliva at enrolment and daily nasopharyngeal throat swabs (NTS) for RT-PCR testing. We compared the natural history and transmission potential of asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals.ResultsBetween March 10th and April 4th, 2020, 14,000 quarantined people were tested for SARS-CoV-2; 49 were positive. Of these, 30 participated in the study: 13(43%) never had symptoms and 17(57%) were symptomatic. 17(57%) participants acquired their infection outside Vietnam. Compared with symptomatic individuals, asymptomatic people were less likely to have detectable SARS-CoV-2 in NTS samples collected at enrolment (8/13 (62%) vs. 17/17 (100%) P=0.02). SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 20/27 (74%) available saliva; 7/11 (64%) in the asymptomatic and 13/16 (81%) in the symptomatic group (P=0.56). Analysis of the probability of RT-PCR positivity showed asymptomatic participants had faster viral clearance than symptomatic participants (PConclusionsAsymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection is common and can be detected by analysis of saliva or NTS. NTS viral loads fall faster in asymptomatic individuals, but they appear able to transmit the virus to others.

International audience; The ambidexterity concept is largely used in the strategic management field. However, little is known about its use in travel, tourism, hospitality, leisure, and event research. This study offers not only the first comprehensive analysis of the use of this concept but also a rationale for why it should be more widely used in travel, tourism, hospitality, leisure, and event research. The results show that (1) ambidexterity is scarcely used by researchers, (2) most papers are based on empirical data, and (3) all empirical studies were done either in Europe or in Asia. Moreover, scholars have focused on three main outcomes: sustainability, human resources performance, and market performance. This review allowed us to advance suggestions for practice and future research.

In the new global economy, environmentally friendly policies have become a central issue for firms. The increasing attention given to the benefits of those policies has prompted research on the development of environmental management systems that encourage employees to engage in environmental activities. However, there is limited evidence concerning the relationship between employee motivation and employees’ in-role green performance, in addition to the potential impact of culture and organizational citizenship behavior for the environment. Through a quantitative study of 301 managerial and non-managerial employees working in three- to five-star hotels, this study makes a major contribution by demonstrating that practices aimed at motivating hotel employees (e.g. green reward and performance management) are significantly linked with employees’ in-role green performance and organizational citizenship behavior for the environment. The findings also indicate that the influence of green rewards on employees’ in-role green performance and organizational citizenship behaviors for the environment is stronger when hotels are managed by Western corporations. Conversely, the study showed that the effect of green performance management on these two dependent variables is not moderated by culture. This article supports efforts to widen national cultural perspectives in the development and application of green human resource management.

International audience; Although environmental training program has become a vital solution to minimize environmental challenges, the existing literature has paid little attention to (1) the connection between environmental training and employee in-role green performance (EIGP), (2) the mediating role of employee environmental commitment in this environmental training-EIGP connection, and (3) the cultural perspective (Western and Local) influences on interrelationships between environmental training, EIGP, and employee environmental commitment. Drawing on the social exchange theory and cultural perspective, a quantitative study based on survey data collected from 301 respondents at hotels in Vietnam was employed to fill these research gaps. Findings reveal that environmental training program is as an important tool to drive EIGP directly, and this environmental training-EIGP relationship is significantly mediated by employee environmental commitment. Interestingly, the study indicates support for our prediction that the mediating role of employee environmental commitment on the environmental training-EIGP link is stronger at hotels managed by Western hospitality companies. However, unexpectedly, cultural influence does not moderate the effect of environmental training on EIGP. Other than theoretical contributions, our study carries important practical implications that can help organizations reduce their carbon footprint. Limitations and further research directions have also been discussed.

The paper presents the development of a wind turbine emulator, which consists of an induction motor driven by a torque control inverter, and the dead-beat controller plays an important role in this structure. The wind turbine emulator system includes the dead-beat current controller, wind speed emulator, mathematical model of wind turbines, model of rotor blade characteristics, and model of tower effect and rotor inertia. The advantages of the emulator are various wind profiles and wind turbines can be simulated as desired in the control software and it is also integrated the data acquisition to verify the control algorithms and display the parameters. The experimental results confirmed the wind turbine simulator could perform satisfactory under steady state wind profile. This approach provides an instantaneous torque output, which is particularly advantageous for the proposed controller.

Purpose Public service failures need to be recovered to sustain citizen satisfaction with public services. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of charismatic leadership in leveraging public service recovery performance (PSRP) as well as a moderated mediation mechanism underlying such an effect. Design/methodology/approach Public employees and their managers from local governments were recruited to provide the data for this research. Data analysis was conducted through structural equation modeling. Findings From the research results, charismatic leadership demonstrated the positive association with PSRP via public service motivation (PSM) as a mediator. Besides, serving culture was also found to play a moderating role to strengthen the positive links between charismatic leadership and PSRP as well as PSM. Originality/value The research model adds further insights into charismatic leadership and service recovery knowledge through the relationship between these two concepts as well as a moderated mediation mechanism underpinning this relationship.

Background Allergic diseases are on the rise in many parts of the world, including the Asia–Pacific (APAC) region. Second-generation antihistamines are the first-line treatment option in the management of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. International guidelines describe the management of these conditions; however, clinicians perceive the additional need to tailor treatment according to patient profiles. This study serves as a consensus of experts from several countries in APAC (Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam), which aims to describe the unmet needs, practical considerations, challenges, and key decision factors when determining optimal second-generation antihistamines for patients with allergic rhinitis and/or urticaria. Methods Specialists from allergology, dermatology, and otorhinolaryngology were surveyed on practical considerations and key decision points when treating patients with allergic rhinitis and/or urticaria. Results Clinicians felt the need for additional tools for diagnosis of these diseases and a single drug with all preferred features of an antihistamine. Challenges in treatment include lack of clinician and patient awareness and compliance, financial constraints, and treatment for special patient populations such as those with concomitant disease. Selection of optimal second-generation antihistamines depends on many factors, particularly drug safety and efficacy, impact on psychomotor abilities, and sedation. Country-specific considerations include drug availability and cost-effectiveness. Survey results reveal bilastine as a preferred choice due to its high efficacy and safety, suitability for special patient populations, and the lack of sedative effects. Conclusions Compliance to the international guidelines is present among allergists, dermatologists and otorhinolaryngologists; however, this is lower amongst general practitioners (GPs). To increase awareness, allergy education programs targeted at GPs and patients may be beneficial. Updates to the existing international guidelines are suggested in APAC to reflect appropriate management for different patient profiles and varying symptoms of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12948-017-0074-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The paper aimed to measure the benefits of sea dike construction in the Mekong Delta. A risk cost-benefit analysis framework was developed to evaluate benefits or losses avoided of flood, storm, and salinity intrusion by climate change’s impact. The study specified probability distribution functions in simulation process to incorporate these risk factors into the analysis. There were five dike options associated with three hypotheses of the scales of sea dike systems that were small, medium, and large ones proposed for the selection. The results showed that the benefits of storm and flood avoided dominated in dike options. Based on the NPV decision rule, the results indicated that large dike options are preferred. It showed evidences to support the necessity to have a concrete sea dike system for the Mekong Delta in the context of global climate change.

This book provided scientific evidences for what the Mekong Delta (MD) and its residents cope with natural resources depletion, environmental degradation, and the impacts of climate change.

The study was conducted at Long An commune of Tan Chau district of An Giang province. Surveys were implemented at Tan Hau B2, Long Hoa, Long Hiep, and Long Thanh villages at Long An commune. The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected by in-depth interview (IDI) and focus group discussion (FGD). Three managers at the district, commune, and village levels were interviewed in the study and three FGD surveys with the two for people living inside the resettlement clusters (RCs) and one for people living outside the RCs. There were three household surveys, with the two for people living inside the RCs and one for people living in the eroded area. In implementing the resettlement program, there were three stakeholders involved, namely, provincial authority, district authority, and commune authority. The provincial authority was responsible for directing the district authorities to implement the policies such as planning the RCs and selecting the target groups for the RCs. The province was also the one who directly received the financial source from the central government. The district authority was responsible for designing the RCs such as selecting the place for the RCs and determining the size of the RCs. The district authority is also responsible for managing the investment capital allocated for building the RCs. The commune authority took part in the monitoring and the allocation of the resident plots in the RCs. Once the RCs are completed, a new administrative unit is established and managed under the commune authority. The study showed that the resettlement program had problems of unsustained financial, bad livelihood condition, and poor quality of infrastructures. The study also revealed that there was no change in income sources and employment since they relocated in the RCs. The resettlers’ income was lower than before. The resettlers had more difficulties in getting jobs. Although the livelihood in the RCs was still not good, almost the respondents felt happy with living in the RCs. Survey also indicated that people who currently lived outside the RCs are expected to move to live in the RCs. In adapting to the permanent flood situation, to cope with floods effectively, in the long run, people need to adjust habits and social and economic activities towards living with floods and getting benefits from floods rather than preventing floods. At the national level, planning economic development strategies in the MD needs to be consistent with the living with flood (LWF) policy. At the local level, authorities need to persuade people to change the realization towards adapting to the flood and choose the way to live with the flood.

The purpose of this study was to assess the household’s choice on safe drinking water and safe water treatment technology conditional on the context of arsenic contamination in the Mekong Delta. Based on the Protection Motivation Theory, the study designed predictive model of As-poisoned-related health protective behaviour via a cognitive mediating process with threat and coping appraisals of intention action in choice on safe drinking water by household. Quantitatively, the study used methods of cost-effectiveness analysis and multi-criteria analysis to rank household’s preference of As mitigation technologies. Additionally, descriptive statistics analyses were also used to test household’s knowledge of arsenic and its health impacts. The choice of sampled areas was based on the previous secondary As-contamination well testing program. There were a total of 404 households, consisting of both tested and untested households interviewed in the survey. Results showed that unsafe groundwater was still used for drinking. The borax method and the treatment equipment were preferred choices, respectively. Household’s knowledge of As contamination was extremely bad and different depending on a household’s socio-economic and demographic factors and As-contaminated area. There were five factors affecting a household’s decision to use As treatment technology, namely, educational status, duration of residence, family size, knowledge of As, and ethnicity. In terms of cost-effectiveness, at a discount rate of 3% and a timeline of 10 years, the results showed that the costs per death averted or the costs per Disability-Adjusted Life Years Avoided saved by the sand filter and treatment equipment were 1.3 USD and 1.1 USD, respectively. This suggests that the treatment equipment method is a best choice for preventing As-related diseases. Finally, depending on what criteria are the top priority, the household water use preferences among water treatment methods will be different. The study proposed policy recommendations to improve safe water use and provision situation in the arsenic-contaminated areas such as launching a public awareness campaign, speeding the existing rural piped water program, promoting safe water treatment or arsenic treatment equipment, providing the information on the state of As contamination to the public, and seeking additional safe water sources such as rainwater and treated groundwater.

Economic analysis is an economic term related to a monetary quantitative analysis for a certain change. For instance, it traces the change in output in the monetary values through households and firms in the regional economy due to effects of upstream hydropowers at the MR in Southeast Asia. Economic analysis measures total effects of the monetary change. Total effects are the sum of direct effects, indirect effects, and induced effects. In the example of hydropower case, direct effects imply changes in economic activities (e.g. expenditures, hiring, etc.), while indirect effects refer to economic activities due to purchases by directly affected businesses. Meanwhile, induced effects relate to economic activities due to spending by workers of directly and indirectly affected businesses. An economic analysis measures monetary changes of these effects. A broad economic analysis requires a multiplier analysis to capture all direct, indirect, and induced effects in sectoral, regional, and national economy models.

In 2019, Ho Chi Minh City has a total population of 8.99 million with GRDP around 6.021 USD/year [1]. Given the population size and the above GDP level, the electricity consumption demand for production and living purposes in the City was 83 million kWh per day in 2019 [2]. With high electricity demand, it must have developed the rate of renewable energy supply. And in Tan Binh district area, the population is considered quite high and is one of the economic development areas of the city. In Ho Chi Minh City, the sufficient supply of electricity is the top concern. And Tan Binh district is one of 24 districts belong to Ho Chi Minh City with crowded residential and industrial parks, that also has 1-2 houses applying solar energy. In there, solar energy is developing with industrial scale in many enterprises. So, this research was initial survey the potential using solar energy for household and the challenges of resident in Tan Binh district about applying solar energy for their home. According this study, now there is 1 house using and rating positively about solar energy combine national power grid. Around 92% people (1,500 interviewers in 15 wards) think that using solar energy is potential applying in their home because it gains the economic efficiency for reducing electricity fee. But it’s only 23% household interested in using solar energy in their house, when 50% citizens unsure about that. As the results, the factors effective their decision are the policies support from national government about using solar energy and the increasing of electricity bill. It’s a point for encounrage the applying solar energy in household scale in Ho Chi Minh.

International audience; Previous studies have paid little attention to the links between green human resource management (GHRM) andenvironmental performance, especially examining an interaction and mediation analysis in the hospitalitymanagement. Therefore, the study bridges this research gap by extending the Ability-Motivation-Opportunitytheory to explore the direct, indirect, and interactive roles of GHRM practices. A survey of 220 respondents athotels suggests that: (1) training and employee involvement are critical tools in directly stimulating employeecommitment and organisational citizenship behaviour towards the environment (OCBE), and hotels’ environmentalperformance; (2) OCBE plays an essential role in mediating the effects of training and performancemanagement on environmental performance; and (3) the vital interaction of training and employee involvementsignificantly strengthens environmental performance. However, unexpected results are found: (1) performancemanagement is an unimportant consideration in analysis of direct and interactive influences and (2) employeeenvironmental commitment does not mediate the GHRM-environmental performance relationship.

International audience; Sustainability is an important issue facing the tourism and hospitality industry in the twenty-first century. Children are the tourists of the future. However, little is known about how to educate them to be responsible tourists, in other words, citizens who would be respectful of the destinations visited. The present research attempts to answer this gap. To this end, this research suggests an innovative education-based approach, taking children as a target and resort mini-clubs as a tool. To the question: Where are the children in tourism research? This study has provided evidence that they are still disempowered, and it is even more the case when it comes to sustainability. That said, with the implementation of Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME) through edutainment activities in mini-clubs’ programmes of activities, they could play a more significant role. Practically, resort mini-clubs’ managers need to adopt an ambidextrous management approach which would help them not only to enhance the experience of visitors, but also to potentially increase their revenue.

This paper presents an edge inference accelerator for deep learning application “Handwriting recognition” using field programmable gate array (FPGA). The parameter of the neuron network is trained using GPU and then download to an off-chip DRAM for the accelerator to access. The image data is transfered through Bluetooth from smart phone to the deep learning accelerator. This accelerator architecture can fit any neuron network and is suitable for consumer electronics such as IoT applications.

Emerging evidence indicates that migrants from Plasmodium falciparum endemic regions are at risk of delayed presentation of P. falciparum malaria. We report three cases of P. falciparum malaria occurring years after arrival in Europe. All patients were originally from Sub-Saharan Africa. Two subjects had controlled human immunodeficiency virus infection and one was a pregnant woman. We performed a literature review of all published cases of delayed presentation of P. falciparum in migrants and identified 32 additional cases. All cases but one originate from sub-Saharan Africa. There was a median time of 36 months between the last visit to a malaria-endemic country and clinical malaria (range: 3 months to 10 years). Pregnancy was the most frequently reported risk factor (11/35 or 31.4%). Parasitemia was ≤ 0.1% in 38% of cases (11/29 reported), and no death was reported. The underlying possible mechanisms for this delayed presentation in migrants from an endemic area probably include the persistence of submicroscopic parasitemia combined with decaying P. falciparum-specific immunity. Suspicion of P. falciparum delayed malaria should remain high in migrants, mainly from sub-Saharan Africa, even without a recent travel history, especially in those presenting risk factors for impaired parasite clearance or distinct immune responses such as pregnancy and HIV infection. In these patients, new prevention and screening strategies should be studied and blood safety policies adapted.

This paper presents a new high-efficiency-high-step-up based converter integrating two stype DC-DC Boost and Flyback coupled magnetic converter with recovery stage dedicated to smart HVDC distributed architecture in renewable energy production systems. Appropriate duty cycle ratio assumes that the recovery stage work with parallel charge and discharge to achieve high step-up voltage gain. Besides, the voltage stress on the main switch is reduced with a passive clamp circuit and thus, low on-state resistance Rdson of the main switch can be adopted to reduce conduction losses. The circuit is simple to control. As a final point of this research, the simulation and the prototype investigational results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed converter.