Search

In this work, the regularities of the vacuum gasoil hydrocracking process were studied, which include: determination of the key components of the reacting mixture and key reactions, studying the thermodynamic regularities, identification of the regularities of the influence of technological parameters on the transformation of the key reacting components. The model of the process was developed.

Introduction. One of the most important problems of modern health care is the problem ofprevalence of tuberculosis, especially among children and adolescents. Despite of the improvement of an epidemic situation on tuberculosis in Russia, indices in our country are still significantly worse, than in countries of the Western Europe. Materials and methods. There are presented data of the analysis of official reports concerning the activity of the tuberculosis sanatorium for 24 years (1991-2014), retrospective data of following up teenagers aged from 15 to 18 years in various years, results of sociological survey of teenagers and their families. Results. During mentioned period the portion of patients with tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes and primary tuberculosis complex decreased by 1,7 times and 2,5 times correspondingly, but at that, the share of an infiltrative form sharply increased by 6,6 times. The number ofpatients from foci of a tuberculosis infection increased. As a result of the differentiated approach to each patient in combination with specific and senatorial methods of management, educational and pedagogical work in the sanatorium, in most of cases there was succeeded to achieve of clinical recovery as a result of the accomplishment of a basic course of management. Conclusion. Development of medical and organizational measures on optimization of therapeutic and rehabilitation processes in a tuberculosis sanatorium should be implemented on the basis of a comprehensive approach with taking into account not only the course of the disease, but also in dependence on the social and epidemiological characteristics.

The relevance of research is due to the efficiency of development of minerals in the Arctic, which is largely determined by the transport and production infrastructure. Harsh climatic conditions of the Far North with a predominance of permafrost rocks (PR) significantly affect the economy and ecology of the territory, for which the cost of construction materials and structures are now reaches 70% of the cost of oil and gas. Mastering Yamal, yield on the shelves of the Arctic seas requires the creation of innovative technology breakthrough of oil and gas, including the construction of artificial islands and underwater constructions offshore. Such technologies are possible in the presence of modern building materials and structures that have many times greater strength, durability, durability, acid resistance and other functional parameters of the widest range for industrial, transport and civil construction. Glass-ceramic, as evidenced by the results of the analysis of scientific, technical and patent data are promising materials in the field of innovation in aviation, rocket and space technology, as well as other industries that require metal-substituting, lining and more sophisticated materials of construction with an unusual combination of properties : high mechanical, abrasive resistance, high dielectric properties and chemical resistance. The article presents the results of the creation of petrositalls of the new “Sikams” class (SCS), beginning with the method for calculating and estimating the composition of the charge, based on the principles of structural crystal chemistry, taking into account the revealed scales of isovalent and heterovalent isomorphism under conditions of directed crystallization. The method provides a high crystallization rate, achieving the required degree of structural and chemical homogeneity and best physico-chemical properties of the material, wherein a crystalline phase to form solid solution of pyroxene. The technological process is simplified and energy consumption is reduced. Object of research - the mineralogical and chemical composition of the charge, particularly glass immiscibility source types and nucleation mechanisms chain metasilicates polymorphs, their relationship to glass and kinetics saturation nanostructure.

Aim. To study the oxygen transport function in red blood cells and energy balance in patients suffering from epistaxis of various progress severities. In case of epistaxis a single blood loss is insignificant, yet in case of recurrent epistaxis there is a threat of a tissue hypoxia development. However no indicator blood values demanding transfusion therapy exist these days. This is a study of the blood oxygen transport function and energy balance in the red blood cells in those suffering from single epistaxis, recurrent moderate epistaxis and recurrent severe epistaxis. Materials and methods. In patients’ red blood cells a contents of 2.3-diphosphoglyceric acid (2.3-DFG) and hemoglobin oxygen affinity (Р50) were estimated; energy balance was assessed by the activity of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G-6-FDG), lactate-dehydrogenase (LDG), as well as by the lactate and pyruvate contents in the red blood cells and plasma. Tissue hypoxia severity was assessed by the lactate/pyruvate ratio in blood plasma. Results. It has been determined that in case of single epistaxis the studied parameters do not differ from normal ranges. In case of recurrent epistaxis the level of hemoglobin and P50 goes down, plasma LDG activity goes up, the pyruvate content goes down, while plasma lactate retains within the normal ranges. Conclusion. The stated changes in the carbohydrate metabolism in the red blood cells and blood plasma of patients suffering from severe recurrent epistaxis suggest a breakdown of compensatory mechanisms, which manifests itself in the reduced cell energy reserve and disturbed red blood cell membranes. The obtained data testify that the severity of the state of patients suffering from epistaxis is not only defined by a quantitative loss of red blood cells and hemoglobin, but also by the adaptive capacities of the body, which determine its resistance to hypoxia. The guide link in the pathogenesis of disturbed gas transport function of blood in patients suffering from epistaxis is metabolic acidosis developing as a consequence of tissue hypoxia.

The efficiency of sanatorium rehabilitation of 92 children (13-17 years old) was assessed; children were divided into two groups: those with active respiratory tuberculosis – 49 patients and those infected with tuberculous mycobacteria but without active disease – 43 patients. PedsQL questionnaire (version 4.0) was used for evaluation of life quality by the start of sanatorium treatment and its completion. It was found out that emotional and social aspects suffered the most in 13-17 year old children in need of rehabilitation. Repeated use of questionnaire could be the important criterion of treatment and rehabilitation efficiency.

In the last decade, the number of ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) significantly increased due to the higher quality and expansion of networks recording strong ground motions throughout the world. Therefore, the key point in seismic hazard assessment is the selection of a suitable ground motion prediction equation. This work presents the review of the modern state of the problem, the discussion of the criteria for selecting the models to include in the logic tree. The models chosen as part of the big international projects for stable continental regions are described in more detail. Several models have been proposed for use in the stable regions of the central part of the Russian Federation and have been compared. Despite numerous attempts to develop the formal criteria for the selection of a certain model, the construction of the logic tree for each particular problem is based on the expert opinions.

The ultrasonic method is very informative for research of viscoelastic properties of mesogens at changing thermodynamic parameters of state. At phase transitions, anomalies of the velocity of propagation and coefficient of absorption of ultrasound waves as well as of viscoelastic properties are observed. These anomalies for liquid crystals are most pronounced at frequencies lower that 1 MHz. Up to now acoustic resonators with volumes of about 5 cm3 have been used, which considerably prevents the application of this method for science-based newly synthesized mesogenic compounds. This article presents experimental results obtained by means of a new resonator method with samples with volumes of 0.06 cm3 to 0.15 cm3. The velocity and coefficient of absorption of ultrasound were measured at frequencies from 0.68 MHz to 1.63 MHz for four mesogens: esters of alkyloxyphenylcyclo-hexane-2-carbonic acid and n-amylphenol. It has been shown that temperature dependencies of ultrasonic parameters obtained in small-volume cells correspond to those established previously by traditional methods using measuring cells with larger volumes. It is also shown that the temperature dependencies of the bulk viscosity and the bulk elasticity modulus derived from our ultrasonic measurements, in general features, duplicate the corresponding dependencies obtained by standard methods. It confirms that the proposed acoustic method is suitable for routine investigations of viscoelastic properties of small-volume samples of mesogenic compounds.

Results from introduction of new water chemistry conditions involving metering of organic amines (morpholine and ethanolamine) at nuclear power stations equipped with VVER-1000 reactors are presented.

The results of introduction of water chemistry with ethanolamine metering in the feedwater at unit No. 2 of the Balakovo NPP are presented. Along with the data obtained in the course of operational monitoring of the working medium of the secondary coolant circuit, the results of studying of contamination of the tube system of steam generators are presented and analyzed.

The authors studied clinical efficacy of the preparation Sinupret in the treatment of post­surgical inflammation after rhinosurgery interventions. The study embraced 64 patients after surgical correction of the deviated nasal septum. The symptoms dynamics was assessed based on the data of endoscopic examination and the change of nasal mucociliary clearance time determined by saccharin test. The study displayed the advisability Sinupret prescription in the early post­surgery period after nasal septum surgery.

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the dynamics of the hormonal status of the adrenal glands in the patients suffering from Menière's disease in its different clinical forms. We examined a total of 26 patients at the age from 29 to 47 years presenting with this condition. All the patients were divided into two groups depending on the character of the disease. Group 1 was comprised of 20 patients experiencing the crises from 2 to 6 times during a year. Group 2 was composed of six patients in whom the crises occurred with a frequency of 2-4 times per week within at least two weeks. The serum levels of cortisol and aldosterone were measured both during the crises and between them with the use of the proper immunoenzyme assays. The control group was formed of 20 practically healthy volunteers. It was shown that the blood cortisol level during a fit of dizziness in the patients of group 1 increased in comparison with that in the control subjects (798.7±71.2 nmol/l and 453.68±49.39 nmol/l respectively; p0.05). The patients having recurrent crises (group 2) experienced a significant decrease in the blood cortisol levels down to 293.5±38.1 nmol/l during a crisis in comparison with the control subjects (453.68±49.39 nmol/l; p0.05). During the inter-crisis periods , the blood cortisol level in the patients of the first group remained within normal bounds whereas in the patients of the second group its mean value was 18.7% lower (p0.05). The serum aldosterone level in the patients of the first group was not significantly different from that in the second group both during crises and in the periods of remission. It is concluded that the results of the study provide the data for the pathogenetic substantiation of the possibility for the use of corticosteroids in the treatment of the patients suffering from frequent crisis of Menière's disease.Цель исследования - изучение динамики содержания гормонов надпочечников у больных болезнью Меньера (БМ) при различных вариантах ее клинического течения. Обследованы 26 больных с БМ в возрасте от 29 до 47 лет. По характеру течения заболевания больные были объединены в две группы. В 1-ю группу включены 20 человек с частотой приступов от 2 до 6 раз в год, во 2-ю группу - 6 человек с частотой приступов 2-4 раза в неделю на протяжении не менее 2 нед. Определение содержания кортизола и альдостерона в сыворотке крови проводили при приступе и в межприступном периоде методом иммуноферментного анализа. Контрольную группу составили 20 здоровых добровольцев. Установлено, что у больных 1-й группы уровень кортизола при приступе головокружения резко повышается по сравнению с контрольными значениями (798,7±71,2 и 453,68±49,39 нмоль/л соответственно, p0,05). У больных с рецидивирующими приступами (2-я группа) отмечено достоверное снижение содержания кортизола во время приступа по сравнению с контролем (293,5±38,1 и 453,68±49,39 нмоль/л соответственно, p0,05). В межприступном периоде уровень кортизола у больных 1-й группы соответствует контролю, а у больных 2-й группы на 18,7% ниже его средних значений (p0,05). Уровень альдостерона не имел достоверных отличий от контрольной группы как во время приступа, так и в период ремиссии. Полученные данные дают патогенетическое обоснование применения кортикостероидов для лечения больных с частыми приступами БМ.