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Introduction Numerous techniques have been reported in the literature for the reconstruction of gingival recession defects. The purpose of this case series was to evaluate clinically and radiographically the efficacy of sticky bone with i-PRF coated collagen membrane in the treatment of gingival recession. Case presentation Sixteen patients exhibiting isolated Miller's Class I or II recession in the maxillary esthetic zone were treated using sticky bone [i-PRF + Freeze-dried bone allograft] with i-PRF coated collagen membrane using the coronally advanced flap. Clinical parameters including Probing Depth (PD), Width of Keratinized Gingiva (WKG), Gingival Thickness (GT), and Recession Depth (RD) were recorded at baseline and six months post-surgery. The radiographic (ST-CBCT) measurements computed were labial plate thickness (OT1, OT3, and OT5) and gingival thickness (GT1, GT3, and GT5) at baseline and six months post-treatment. Twelve out of sixteen treated cases achieved complete root coverage. An increase in gingival thickness was observed in all the cases. Conclusions Within the limitations of this case series, sticky bone with i-PRF coated collagen membrane showed promising results in the treatment of isolated maxillary Miller's Class I or II gingival recession and serves as an altered approach for root coverage procedure. However, histological analysis and larger sample size are needed to establish definitive proof of soft and hard tissue regeneration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Earthen materials have been used for thousands of years for its easy availability and cost effectiveness. In recent times, earthen materials are gaining its momentum as the entire world understood the need of sustainability in all walks of life. It is mainly used for its sustainability and low environmental impact. To keep up with conventional building materials, fibres are incorporated into the earthen materials to enhance the performance in both strength and durability aspects. This study presents a comprehensive review of studies involving earthen blocks with natural fibres to enhance the performance of the block. Studies done with earthen blocks reinforced with ten natural fibres (viz. Date palm, jute, coconut, Hemp, Sisal, Banana, Chicken, Sugarcane bagasse, Corn, Wool fibres) were reviewed with a brief summary of physical, chemical and mechanical properties. Literature search was conducted using Google Scholar and web of science libraries. Banana fibre, date palm fibre, sugarcane, and jute fibres reinforced blocks are considerably performing better in strength, durability aspects. The adhesion property between fibre and soil are achieved by chemical treatments. Lack of treatment to fibre prior to usage in blocks was observed. Aspect ratio and tensile test on fibres were missing in many studies. Future studies can be conducted on the effect of treatment to fibres and block performance characteristics.

Right now, overall trademark based multiscale multiresolution multistructure (M3LBP) neighborhood parallel example and nearby characteristic based totally min blend feature extraction is proposed for scene category. To extract international functions, characterize the leading spatial features in a couple of scale, a couple of choice, more than one structure way. The micro/macro shape facts and rotation invariance are guaranteed inside the worldwide function extraction approach. Neighborhood function extraction, coloration histogram characteristic (CHF) can thoroughly explain the spatial coloration statistics of an image. It also describes the image brightness, color statistics of a photo, which encompass the picture coloration distribution, photo assessment. The CHF can be computed from the min max shade quantizes. Ultimately Fused feature instance amongst nearby and international capabilities because the scene descriptor to prepare a portion based absolutely extreme finding a workable pace for scene style is outfitted. The proposed strategy is radically assessed on benchmark scene datasets (the 21 magnificence land use scene), and the trial results show that the proposed procedure prompts predominant kind standard execution as contrasted and the realm of-work of art style systems.

Background: Conflict management is a process of limiting the negative aspects of conflict and increasing positive aspects of the conflict. It is for this purpose that this study is designed to examine the strategies involved in conflict management in the workplace, and in particular, the private retail sector in Copperbelt Area.Methods: The study was done from the beginning of 2016. The methodology used for this study quantitative method using questionnaires, interviews, and observations, while secondary data generated from official documentations. The study considered a total of 50 respondents from the three retail industries in Copperbelt, respectively. Results: Having studied the opinions of the various stakeholders as far as this research is concerned, it is stated that conflict management systems have proved to be otherwise effective, further resulting in directing employee energies towards the achievement of organizational goals and objectives. 74% of respondents accounted for positive responses recorded as being effective, whereas 26% recorded as a negative response.Conclusion: The study recommended that Organizations should be enlightened about conflict management processes at the time of incorporation to clearly understand measures to be taken when the need arises.

In the present world, malignant growth in bosom is the commonly prevailing disease among women. Early bosom diagnosis and treatment are compulsory to diminish the death rates of bosom malignancy. Here, a dielectric differentiation is being detected among typical and malignant growth tissues, having applied ideal scope of frequencies. Winding radio wires becomes the most appropriate in this application due to its double polarization property where an adaptable substrate fulfils the wearable prerequisites. In this paper, the Winding Reception Apparatus is structured as a 4 × 4 exhibit with a goal that covers the greatest diameter of the bosom. The radio wire parameters such as expansion, direction and return misfortune are upgraded to get acceptable resistance, coordination and great reaction over the necessary recurrence. The receiving wires at the thickness 0.035 mm and with length, width of 19 mm and 15 mm are planned on an adaptable FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 0.4 mm. The proposed receiving wire cluster is structured and recreated in ADS programming for the recurrence scope of 2–4 GHz. In this regard, the obtained outcomes are contrasted and the foreordained qualities and nearness or non-appearance of the disease are distinguished.

The design and simulation of the cantilever beam for tunable fabry perot filter is discussed in this paper. The fabry perot filter is tuned to operate in three frequency ranges namely short wave Infrared (SWIR), mid wave Infrared (MWIR) and long wave Infrared (LWIR) are operated in the frequency range of 1.6–2.5 μm, 3–5 μm and 8–12 μm respectively. The light that is emitted from the array of vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) is tuned to the desired wavelength using this fabry perot filter. The fabry perot cavity length is varied using the MEMS cantilever. By applying the reflective coating to the arms of the cantilever, the fabry perot cavity is formed. The actuation given to the MEMS cantilever is electrostatic actuation. The potential difference between the two arms of the cantilever creates the electrostatic force, which attracts the free end of the cantilever. Due to the impact of the electrostatic force the arms get pulled in, as a result the separation between the mirrors varies, which in turn filters the desired wavelength. The array of cantilever is also simulated to get a desired pattern of the wavelength. The fabrication process flow for the simulated cantilever is explained. The fixed-free beam approach leads to the analysis of capacitance, stress, strain and displacement.

Manmade structures are important objects or targets for both civilian and defence applications. Isolation of manmade structures from background are very critical task due to noise, non-uniform intensity distribution and class overlapping of remote sensing satellite image. Image segmentation is a classic subject in the field of image processing and pattern recognition and also is a hotspot and focus of image processing techniques. The paper presents only the technique of manmade structures isolation from the background by morphological enhancement technique and local threshold method. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is segmenting the manmade structures accurately and efficiently.

The coherent WaveBurst (cWB) search algorithm identifies generic gravitational wave (GW) signals in the LIGO-Virgo strain data. We propose a machine learning (ML) method to optimize the pipeline sensitivity to the special class of GW signals known as binary black hole (BBH) mergers. Here, we test the ML-enhanced cWB search on strain data from the first and second observing runs of Advanced LIGO and successfully recover all BBH events previously reported by cWB, with higher significance. For simulated events found with a false alarm rate less than $1\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{yr}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, we demonstrate the improvement in the detection efficiency of 26% for stellar-mass BBH mergers and 16% for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers. To demonstrate the robustness of the ML-enhanced search for the detection of generic BBH signals, we show that it has the increased sensitivity to the spin precessing or eccentric BBH events, even when trained on simulated quasicircular BBH events with aligned spins.

Nanomaterials offer promising solutions for challenging issues in all areas of science, and particularly in health care. Understanding how the unique properties of multifunctional nanoparticles are defined based on their composition, size, shape, and surface properties is a challenge. Hence it is difficult to recognize, evaluate, and anticipate potential environmental, health, and safety risks associated with manufacture and application of nanomaterials. Even though the research and development of multifunctional nanomaterials are increasing tremendously, the studies on nanotoxicity and occupational safety stays very low. In this chapter, the authors address this concern and share a summary of available solutions and activities supported by various researchers and organizations across the world. Risk assessment and risk management involve hazard identification process, the hierarchy of control is outlined for multifunctional nanomaterials. Increasing research attention is focused on gaining information about exposure routes, toxicity, and exposure levels of nanomaterials. Several knowledge gaps exist on safe handling of these materials. In the United States, occupational safety research is led by the Nanotechnology Research Center. Nanotechnology application safety guidelines are developed based on the research outcomes and are shared with the global research community. A review of global nanosafety endeavors is also provided in this chapter.

Neuromuscular disabilities are common in humans. The neuromuscular system includes all muscles in the body and nerves serving them. Neuromuscular disorders are that encompasses a large number of diseases with different presentation. These disorders results in muscle weakness and fatigue that progress over time. Neuromuscular clinical conditions such as fatigue, myopathy, myositis and neuropathy affect living organisms. Among these, muscle fatigue is one of the most frequently occurring. The diagnostic test includes Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the brain and the spinal cord, Electromyography (EMG) to record the electrical activity of each muscle, muscle biopsy to examine a sample of muscle tissue under microscope. In this work, a method to analyze neuromuscular conditions using Surface Electromyography (sEMG) signal is proposed. It measures electrical current generated in muscles during its contraction representing neuromuscular conditions. It is a non-invasive technique used for diagnosis of different neuromuscular conditions. EMG signal is used for recording muscle activity using EKG sensor. EMG signal parameters like RMS value and mean frequency are used to indicate fatigue. The proposed project uses analysis of EMG signal using LabVIEW and MATLAB software, thus provides fatigue indication.

Behavioral problems are highly prevalent in adolescent children. Adolescence is characterized by several major morphological and functional / behavioral changes. Hyper activities at endocrine and nervous systems seem to be the major cause for the behavioral changes during this transition period. Yoga is found to be one of the effective methods that can influence various bio-systems and can be used in schools to establish physical and psychological well being. Asssessment of endocrine and nervous system is very expensive and tedious process which is only done in a clinical setting. Electro photonic imaging (EPI) is an emerging technology that can assess energy levels of various organs and organ systems in a non-clinical setting. It is a two group (yoga group and control group) study with pre-post data collection. Yoga intervention is given in an English medium high school during academic hours. About 60 students of 8th standard participated in the study with 30 samples in each of the group. Energy levels of endocrine and nervous system is taken for both groups by scanning all the 10 fingers before and after yoga intervention. Highly specialized BioWell equipment and software was used to capture the images. EPI parameters for throat energy, thyroid gland, hypothalamus and nervous system has shown significant difference between pre-and post values of yoga group and it has shown significant reduction in the mean value of post data of yoga group whereas the mean value of same parameters in post data of control group has increased. This clearly establishes the efficacy of yoga in normalizing the effect of the endocrinal system and the resultant nervous hyper-activity. EPI is capable of differentiating energy levels of endocrine and nervous system values of yoga and control group.

Cloud computing is a contemporary prototype to deliver services over the Internet. Cloud security is the most crucial issue in a cloud atmosphere either it is public cloud or community cloud. There is a vast scope to scrutinize data security enhancement in cloud storage. Authentication is anessential technology for information security, which is a mechanism to confirm proof of identities to obtain access of information in the system.Conventionally used authentication methods are rather securing data, but not smart enough and completely secured.In this paper, we have implemented a novel verification technique that associate with static username and password as a way in authentication followed by OTP based on the token generator method along with a digital signature and image captcha is an innovative factor to verify an each user. The solution aims at gaining confidentiality and integrity by making use of CP-ABHE (Ciphertext Policy-Attribute based Homomorphic Encryption algorithm) and user verification with Multi-Factor Authentication.Finally the efficiency of the system is examined with the help of the experimental results and discussions.

Asthma is one of the common chronic diseases in children affecting more than 6 million, which is identified by inflammation in the airways which causes irritation in airflow. This paper helps to predict asthma-affected people using data mining classification techniques. Generally, asthma can be identified using certain types of breathing tests, and they are FEV1/FEC, FEF. In this paper, predictions are given based on the symptoms of the patient. Performing the tests on children could be difficult, so we use predictions on symptoms. Mostly, machine learning algorithms are there to predict asthma such as support vector machine, artificial neural networks, k-nearest neighborhood algorithms, AdaBoost and random forest algorithms. It comprises the analysis of various classification techniques, an asthma prediction. It analyzes the classification techniques used to identify the disease based on accuracy level.

In recent years there are lot of life risk occurs to skilled labors in coal mines which requires an advancement in coal mining safety system. In order to improve this current scenario, An IOT based coal mining safety system is proposed. Proposed system is implemented using IOT module to monitor and control various parameters in the coal mines such as leakage of gas, earthquake, water level and Fire ignition detection in the coal mine. All these sensors are intergrated with microcontroller and placed in different parts of coal mines. In case of any uncertainties then buzzer will alert, then the notification is sent to the serial monitor and to the authorized person. This system enhances the safety and improved working conditions of labours in coal mining system.

The early years of life are when brain and behavioral development are most impacted by the environment. Children need to be in a nurturing environment with responsive and sensitive caretakers to ensure normal development. Findings have shown that traumatic events that occur during these stages tend to have lasting effects that extend to adulthood. Epigenetic modifications of the genes and receptors involved in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis have been shown to be the link between early life adversities (ELAs) and the increased risk of disease in adulthood. In this review, we have discussed the effect of ELAs on child development and its associated disorders in later life. We have also highlighted certain prominent genes involved in the stress response that have been reported to be epigenetically regulated in response to ELAs. As the detrimental mental and physical health consequences of ELAs have been well documented, we have also included reports that validate the hypothesis that ELAs increase the risk of depression and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in adulthood. Learning how these epigenetic modifications could occur in early stages, can help us in discovering new therapeutic interventions to reverse these effects by expressing or inhibiting the genes. Also, studying the interrelation between biological and psychological systems will provide an opportunity to improve treatment outcomes.

The present study was performed to analyze the bioaccumulation of heavy metals, biochemical constituents, antioxidants, and metabolic enzymes in the crab Scylla serrata from different regions of Tuticorin, Southeast Coast of India. The study area consists of Threspuram and Harbour Beach which were polluted environments due to the discharge of industrial effluents and domestic sewage into them. Punnakayal, which is a low-polluted environment where the in-situ culture of S. serrata is carried out by local fish farmers, was selected as well. The results revealed that the level of heavy metals, biochemical constituents, antioxidants, and metabolic enzymes were significantly high in the crabs collected from Threspuram and Harbour Beach compared to the crabs collected from Punnakayal. This study indicates that crabs from polluted environments have significant heavy metals bioaccumulation which leads to elevated antioxidants and metabolic enzyme levels. This implies that the crabs are under oxidative and metabolic stress.

The objective of the Honeypot security system is a mechanism to identify the unauthorized users and intruders in the network. The enterprise level security can be possible via high scalability. The whole theme behind this research is an Intrusion Detection System and Intrusion Prevention system factors accomplished through honeypot and honey trap methodology. Dynamic Configuration of honey pot is the milestone for this mechanism. Eight different methodologies were deployed to catch the Intruders who utilizing the unsecured network through the unused IP address. The method adapted here to identify and trap through honeypot mechanism activity. The result obtained is, intruders find difficulty in gaining information from the network, which helps a lot of the industries. Honeypot can utilize the real OS and partially through high interaction and low interaction respectively. The research work concludes the network activity and traffic can also be tracked through honeypot. This provides added security to the secured network. Detection, prevention and response are the categories available, and moreover, it detects and confuses the hackers.

Greenhouse system (GHS) is the worldwide fastest growing phenomenon in agricultural sector. Greenhouse models are essential for improving control efficiencies. The Relative Gain Analysis (RGA) reveals that the GHS control is complex due to 1) high nonlinear interactions between the biological subsystem and the physical subsystem and 2) strong coupling between the process variables such as temperature and humidity. In this paper, a decoupled linear cooling model has been developed using a feedback-feed forward linearization technique. Further, based on the model developed Internal Model Control (IMC) based Proportional Integrator (PI) controller parameters are optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to achieve minimum Integral Square Error (ISE). The closed loop control is carried out using the above control schemes for set-point change and disturbance rejection. Finally, closed loop servo and servo-regulatory responses of GHS are compared quantitatively as well as qualitatively. The results implicate that IMC based PI controller using PSO provides better performance than the IMC based PI controller using GA. Also, it is observed that the disturbance introduced in one loop will not affect the other loop due to feedback-feed forward linearization and decoupling. Such a control scheme used for GHS would result in better yield in production of crops such as tomato, lettuce and broccoli.

One of the most challenging tasks in the design of the fuel cycle system lies in the effective design of Tritium Extraction System (TES) which involves proper extraction and purification of tritium...

In the current Big Data era, Document Oriented data stores gains its popularity with Not Only SQL (NoSQL) databases. NoSQL databases provide high performance in terms of speed, size and availability. NoSQL databases become predominant of its unstructured nature. This paper implements a framework, termed as Log_Mongo framework. The main focus of the framework, is to extract knowledge from web usage mining. Web Usage Mining mainly takes Web log file as its input for analysis. The web log file is analyzed and storage cum retrieval is effectively carried through MongoDB, a NoSQL and non- relational database.

Images which are captured using camera can cause degradation in images by the effect of climatic conditions such as haze and fog. Image restoration makes a notable change in performing different application of computer vision and pattern recognition. The main aim of this paper is to improve the effect of fog and hazy images compared to the existing methods. The enhanced defogging system [EDS] consists of different image improvement techniques with a Dark Channel Prior [DCP] Algorithm to estimate the amount of fog is there in the images and transmission as well. Fusion based fog removal will reduce the amount of haze remained in those images. Experiments were done more than 100 images and the results are discussed below.

Data accumulation has reached new levels with more people sharing resources online. End to end connectivity further accelerated the process leading to a Big data situation. Big data is data beyond the compute capacity of existing architectures. This feature effected the invention of sophisticated technologies that could process high velocity, variety and volume of data. This paper deals with two such technologies, Information retrieval and Sentiment Analysis and their application in Twitter dataset to achieve virtual-analysis of electronic word of mouth. The results are tested with the existing approaches like RTR, Hashtags and found that the proposed approach is more efficient.

The main goal of modern healthcare systems is to diagnosis of a disease before it outcomes are worse. Breast cancer is the most affected disease in women. If it is diagnosed at an initial stage, there is a better chance of a cure. In this paper, we presented a framework which diagnosis a disease by the use of PART classification algorithm. The algorithm is developed in WEKA Knowledge Flow environment. The generated rules are stored in a database which is further utilized for decision making task.

A postnatal period is the period beginning immediately after the separation of placenta and extending up to six weeks, otherwise called as puerperium. Postnatal care is named as Sutika Paricharya in Ayurvedic classics. Garbhini and Sutika Paricharya are very-well described by ancient Ayurvedic scholars. Acharya Kashyapa narrated stage of Prasavaavastha is like a women with her one foot in this Loka and other in Yama Loka . The woman after such a difficulty stage of life needs special care. Classics have described special dietary regimen and life style for this period. Along with Deepana-Pachana and Snehadravyas, usage of Gudodaka is advised in Sutikakala. To remove the Sheshadosha in the body Ushna Gudodaka with Panchakola Churna is advised. Guda has Madhura Rasa, Snigdha and Ksharaguna, acts as Raktashodhaka and Vatahara. Jaggery is source of carbohydrate and also has calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and sodium. So Gudodaka as a part of Sutika diet helps in achieving restoration of health of mother by proper Vatanulomana, Garbhashaya Shodhana, Raktaprasadana Karma.

No Abstrcat.

Cuminum cyminum (CC) is a commonly used spice in South Indian foods. It has been traditionally used for the treatment and management of sleep disorders, indigestion, and hypertension. The present study was carried out to scientifically evaluate the anti-hypertensive potential of standardized aqueous extract of CC seeds and its role in arterial endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, inflammation, and oxidative stress in renal hypertensive rats. Renal hypertension was induced by the two-kidney one-clip (2K/1C) method in rats. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma nitrate/nitrite, carotid-eNOS, renal-TNF-α, IL-6, Bax, Bcl-2, thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TRXR1) mRNA expressions were studied to demonstrate the anti-hypertensive action of CC. Cuminum cyminum was administered orally (200 mg/kg b.wt) for a period of 9 weeks; it improved plasma nitric oxide and decreased the systolic blood pressure in hypertensive rats. It also up-regulated the gene expression of eNOS, Bcl-2, TRX1, and TRXR1; and down-regulated Bax, TNF-α, and IL-6. These data reveal that CC seeds augment endothelial functions and ameliorate inflammatory and oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. The present report is the first of its kind to demonstrate the mechanism of anti-hypertensive action of CC seeds in an animal model of renovascular hypertension.

Bankruptcy prediction is very important for all the organization since it affects the economy and rise many social problems with high costs. There are large number of techniques have been developed to predict the bankruptcy, which helps the decision makers such as investors and financial analysts. One of the bankruptcy prediction models is the hybrid model using Fuzzy C-means clustering and MARS, which uses static ratios taken from the bank financial statements for prediction, which has its own theoretical advantages. The performance of existing bankruptcy model can be improved by selecting the best features dynamically depend on the nature of the firm. This dynamic selection can be accomplished by Genetic Algorithm and it improves the performance of prediction model. .

Sirupeellai samoola kudineer (SK), a polyherbal decoction, has been used in Siddha system of medicine for the management of Urolithiasis. Since, there exists no documentation of preclinical toxicological evaluation of SK earlier, in the present study, acute and subacute toxicity of SK was assessed in Sprague Dawley rats as per OECD guideline 423 and 407, respectively. In the acute toxicity study, SK did not produce any toxic signs at a dose level of 50 ml/kg b.wt/p.o. Three doses of SK (4.5, 9.0, 18.0 ml/kg b.wt) were administered and observed for various behavioral, physiological, biochemical, and haematological changes for 28 days in the subacute toxicity study. Low and mid dose of SK (4.5 and 9.0 ml/kg b.wt) did not exhibit any significant physiological and haematological alterations. Whereas, high dose (18.0 ml/kg bw) treatment exhibited significant changes in creatinine, gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels in serum. Further, histopathological examinations of brain, heart, liver, kidney and sex organs revealed normal architecture signifying no morphological changes upto a dose of 9.0 ml/kg. However, 18.0 ml/kg of SK administration showed few histopathological changes as compared to the control. Based on these results, it can be concluded that Sirupeellai samoola kudineer is safe and non-toxic upto 9.0 ml/kg for 28 days in experimental rats.

Background: Mechanical bowel obstruction remains one of the most common intra-abdominal problems faced by general surgeons in their practice and continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on data obtained from 50 patients who underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intestinal obstruction in Victoria and Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital from January 2016 to December 2016.Results: Adhesions (26%) were found to be the most common cause followed by obstructed hernia (22%). The common age group was 51-60 years. The commonest symptom was abdominal pain followed by vomiting and constipation. The average duration of presentation was 2 days. Strangulation was found in 20% of cases. Mortality rate in the study was 16%.Conclusions: In conclusion, we have found that adhesions are becoming an ever-increasing underlying cause of bowel obstruction. A trend of elective hernia surgery has reduced the number of patients of hernias presenting with obstruction of bowel.

Choosing GaAs, donor binding energies in two dimension are obtained using Thomas–Fermi and Hartree screening functions within the effective mass approximation. Binding energies are computed both in the hydrogen atom model and D − ion model. The results show the non-feasibility of semiconductor-to-metal transition (SMT) in two-dimensional system of GaAs. For curiosity we have obtained the donor binding energies in carbon nanotube (CNT), a highly correlated system by considering it as two-dimensional structure. We could observe the feasibility of SMT in CNT. This indicates the strong confinement in nanostructures and the results will be useful for nanodevice fabrication.

The Indian urban malaria vector Anopheles stephensi Liston was selected for deltamethrin resistance for 25 generations (F25) at larval and adult stages separately in the laboratory. There was roughly a 151-fold increase in the lethal concentration (LC)50 and a 99-fold increase in the LC90 in larval selection, when the F25 was compared with the parent colony. Similarly, adult selection resulted in a 39-fold increase in the LC50 and a 31-fold increase in the LC90 in the adults. Knockdown bioassays conducted on adults (selected at the larval and adult stages) against the diagnostic concentration of insecticide-impregnated papers, namely, deltamethrin (0.05%), permethrin (0.75%), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%), and cyfluthrin (0.15%), revealed that the adults selected at the adult stage were more resistant to deltamethrin and the other pyrethroids than those selected at the larval stage. A significant cross-resistance to DDT was noticed only in the adults selected at the adult stage, and no cross-resistance to malathion and propoxur was observed in the adults of both resistant colonies. Polymerase chain reaction studies revealed an occurrence of heterozygote level of kdr mutation (leucine to phenylalanine) in the adults selected at the adult stage. This event was not observed in the adults selected at the larval stage. Moreover, this is the first report on the occurrence of kdr mutation in Indian An. stephensi resistant to deltamethrin.

Acoustic and structural properties of x CaO · (1–x ) B2O3 (0.2 ≤ x ≥ 0.7) glass system have been studied at ambient temperature. The ultrasonic velocity and attenuation for different compositions of calcium borate glasses were measured at 5 MHz at room temperature (303 K) using a pulse echo overlap method. The elastic moduli, Debye temperature, Poisson's ratio and other acoustic parameters have been obtained from experimental data. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis has been used to further support the results of acoustic studies. The results obtained indicate that the calcium oxide enters the glass network as a modifier by occupying the interstitial spaces in the network and by increasing the nonbridging oxygen atoms (NBOs). (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

The effect of γ-irradiation on the acoustical properties of xZnO·2xPbO·(1–3x)B2O3 glasses has been studied. Ultrasonic velocity and attenuation measurements have been made before and after γ-irradiation at room temperature in the frequency range 2.25–10 MHz. From the measured density and ultrasonic velocity data, the elastic moduli, Poisson's ratio and other parameters have been obtained. Changes in the acoustical properties are explained in terms of radiation-induced structural defects and the influence of PbO/ZnO in the glass network structure. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

This paper is concerned with an analytical model for column analysis of concrete-filled tubular beam-columns subjected to the combined action of axial load and monotonic or cyclic bending. A method of segmentation is adopted in the analysis of beam-columns. The flexural and axial rigidities of the beam-column segments are derived from M–P–φ and M–P–ε relations obtained through fibre-analysis explained in Part 11 of the paper. Geometric and material nonlinearities are taken into account and incremental equilibrium equations are formulated based on an updated Lagrangian formulation. An incremental-iterative Newton–Raphson iteration technique is adopted to obtain the solution of the equations. The limitation of Newton–Raphson technique in approaching the limit points is overcome by using a generalized stiffness parameter, thereby tracing the post-buckling response. The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the results with the experimental values available in published literature.

A fiber-based approach is adopted to study the cross-sectional behavior of concrete-filled steel tubes subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading. Constitutive behavior of the cross-section is formulated by explicitly dividing the section into fibers, and uniaxial stress–strain rules for steel and concrete are defined. Interaction curves, Moment–Thrust–Curvature (M–P–φ) relations and Moment–Thrust–Strain (M–P–ε) relations are developed for circular and box-shaped in-filled sections based on fiber analysis. A fiber model is also developed to describe the nonlinear response of concrete-filled steel tubes subjected to cyclic loading. M–P–φ relations are developed for arbitrary loading histories using this simple yet reliable approach. Results are compared with the numerical and experimental data available in published literature, and the accuracy of the proposed model is thus ascertained.

The business enterprises are increasingly adopting cloud computing deployment model due to efficient resource utilization using multi-tenancy, rapid elasticity of resources to meet dynamic demands, network-based access from heterogeneous devices and software licensing through pay-per-use model resulting in significant cost savings. Similar benefits can be derived if cloud deployment model is extended to education where services are currently hosted based on-premise model. In this paper, we look at how cloud computing approach to education services deployment can benefit schools in the Indian context. We present our cloud deployment experience from the pilot phase of our cloud project connecting 14 Kendriya Vidayala schools in three geographic regions. We discuss both research and deployment challenges, and plans of our next phase.

A formulation is presented to find the electronic states of a D− centre in a many-valley semiconductor. Parameterizing the intervalley scattering terms and using a model potential in the central cell region the D− binding energies in Si and Ge doped with group V elements are calculated variationally, including electron correlation. The binding energy obtained for Si : P and Ge : Sb are in good agreement with experimental results. D− formed by As donors appears to require a more detailed consideration for the central cell potential.