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In this study, a vertical ground source heat pump wall heating system belonging to the Yildiz Renewable Energy House on the Davutpasa Campus of Yildiz Technical University was experimentally and theoretically studied. The examination included energy, exergy, exergoenvironmental and exergoeconomic analyses from 1 January 2013 to 30 March 2013 (i.e., the “Winter Session”). Data were collected and uploaded to a MySQL database. “The moments when the heat pump is activated” was detected and “Monthly Average Values” were analysed. Theoretical analyses were conducted for the Winter Session and correlated with the experimental results. This study includes exergetically, exergoeconomically, and exergoenvironmental evaluate a building and its heating system from the generation stage to the envelope of the building. The findings are based on applying a low exergy, exergoenvironmental and exergoeconomic analysis to investigate the system performance. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the entire system were 67.36% and 27.40%, respectively, and the energy and exergy efficiencies of the wall heating system panels were 86.61% and 82.90%, respectively. The monthly average exergy-based environmental impact value was 0.212 mPts/s. The exergoeconomic factors changed from 74.97% to 75.77%.

In this study, exergoenvironmental, and exergoeconomic analyses of wall cooling systems fed by a vertical type of ground source heat pump integrated wall cooling system for cooling were examined experimentally and theoretically in Yildiz Renewable Energy House at Davutpasa Campus of Yildiz Technical University. The examination includes energy, exergy, exergoenvironmental and exergoeconomic analyses, between the dates of 1 July and 30 September 2013. The main aim of this objective is to minimize energy usage in Residential Sector as low as possible. Therefore, a particular system working with low temperature regime was chosen. According to the outcomes; energy and exergy efficiency of all the system have been found as 74.85% and 29.90%. Part-based environmental factor values are calculated. The compressor and underground heat exchanger have the highest values calculated as 0.040 mPts/s, 0.026 mPts/s respectively. The exergoenvironmental impact values of all system are detected as 42.60%. On the other hand; the exergoeconomic factor values of all system are calculated as 77.68%. The value of exergoeconomic factor changes depending on some particular components: accumulator tank, undersoil heat exchanger, evaporator and condenser calculated respectively as 69.43%, 62.59%, 62.53% and 29.15%. As a result; it is found that in order to determine economic and environmental impacts of irreversibilities occurring in the system and its components, economic and environmental analyses of thermal system as well as wall cooling systems, should be done based on exergy concept.

In this study, a vertical ground source heat pump wall cooling system that belongs to the Yildiz Renewable Energy House at the Davutpasa Campus of Yildiz Technical University was studied both experimentally and theoretically. The principal objective was to perform a system analysis to determine the parameters that allow the energy usage of the cooling system to be as low as possible. For this reason, a system working in a low temperature regime was chosen. The examination includes energy and exergy analyses conducted during the period between 1 July and 30 September 2012, which is described as the “Summer Session”. By using the data that were collected on a per-second basis during these processes and conveyed to a MySQL database, “The moments when the heat pump is activated” were detected, and the “Monthly Average Values” were analyzed. Thus, a theoretical analysis was conducted for the Cooling Session and its correlations. These correlations were used in the energy and exergy analyses. According to the analysis results, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the entire system were found to be 74.85% and 29.90%, respectively, and the Wall Heating Cooling System panels calculated the heat with energy and exergy efficiencies of 90.29% and 80.4%, respectively.

To explore the opinions and the level of awareness of university students on renewable energy and environment issues in the fields of engineering and economics/business in Canada, Romania, and Turkey, surveys were conducted in several universities in these three countries. The survey results that are presented and discussed here indicate that while there are differences between the three groups, they are small and can be explained by cultural and socioeconomic factors. A larger study with an expanded survey questionnaire applied to a wider spectrum of groups in a larger set of countries would be useful to identify differences and educational needs. Government of Canada -- The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of Drs. M. Cross, A. S. Fung, D. Hansen, T. Hubbard, J. Gonzalez-Cueto in Canada; Drs. S. Dascalescu, I. Mihu, A. Nita, in Romania; and E., Aytore, M. Kaya, G. Atli, O. Kapucu in Turkey in the administration of the surveys. Special thanks are due for Mr. Huseyin Bas of Zeta for processing part of the questionnaires. V. I. Ugursal is grateful to the Government of Canada for the Research Grant in Lieu of Salary. --

In recent years, sustainable energy and green buildings are developed as important issues. Many helpful systems were developed to profit from advantages of different renewable energy sources. However, the research on disadvantages of sustainable energy systems is very rare and papers focus on only economic issues. In this paper, an innovative building integrated wind, solar, and rainwater harvester (WSRH) system was analyzed by nonlinear static pushover (NSP) analysis. The results are compared in terms of energy performance and its effects on the structural system.

The present study deals with an exergetic analysis and assessment of a Vertical Ground-Source Heat Pump System (VGSHP) combined with a Wall Heating System (WHCS) in a building. This study is an experimental investigation of a real building’s heating system. The system is located at Yildiz Renewable Energy House (YREH) in Yildiz Technical University and fulfills the heating demand of YREH and a living room of the neighboring dormitory. In order to validate an exergetic model, the system is divided into three subsystems: (1) the ground coupling circuit, (2) the refrigerant circuit, and (3) the WHS circuit. The schematic diagram of the constructed experimental system is given in Fig. 26.1. Exergetic model is obtained by applying mass, energy, and exergy equations for each system component. YREH has four rooms, each has 8 m2 floor area, and the neighboring dormitory has a 50 m2 living room. In this study three rooms of YREH and the living room have been heated during heating season. The heating season was assumed to be between 1 January and 31 March. As average results on the heating season, 6.509 kW heat energy was extracted from ground and 5.799 kW was used in the WHS. In this process electrical energy consumption of system components are as follows: compressor 1.711 kW, ground heat exchanger pump 0.092 kW, accumulator tank circulation pump 0.114 kW, and WHS circulation pump 0.108 kW. For heating season, calculated overall system efficiency was 67.36 % while GSHP unit’s efficiency was 85 %. In addition, overall system COP was 2.76, while GSHP unit’s COP was 4.13. Total exergy destruction was found 1.759 kW and largest exergy destruction has occurred in the compressor as 0.714 kW. The exergy efficiency values for the individual components of the system have been found ranging from 58.3 to 98.4 % according to P/F concept. It is expected that the model would be beneficial for evaluating low exergy heating systems which use ground source as a renewable energy.

In this study, technical and economic performance analyses are conducted in order to determine the optimum collector surface area for indoor swimming pools. Required heat and economical conditions are taken into consideration while performing these evaluations. A brief summary of solar energy source and heat transfer equations for the Olympic pools are given. An Olympic swimming pool is assumed to be in different cities, and energy losses are calculated. For our sample Olympic pool, convective heat loss obtained is −3.86 kW and evaporative heat loss obtained is 265 kW. Total heat loss always maximum in January from 384 kW to 455.1 kW. Solar energy gain (assumption 1000 m2 collector area) and energy gain from boiler for different cities are calculated as maximum solar energy gain in July between 160 and 175 kW and minimum in January between 54.9 and 82 kW. High investment costs for solar power systems are responsible for low value of the reduction rate. Also, according to the energy demand and economical conditions, technical evaluations are performed in order to obtain optimum surface collector area, and economical analyses are conducted using unified cost method.