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1. Epidemiological trends for hospital admissions for acute rotavirus gastroenteritis in Belgium following the introduction of routine rotavirus vaccination and the subsequent switch from lyophilized to liquid formulation of Rotarix™

Author

T. Morel, E. Biundo, A. Vyse, D. Strens, J. Kleintjens, and M. Raes

Subjects
Rotavirus, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, 030106 microbiology, epidemiological, Acute, Rotavirus gastroenteritis, Vaccines, Attenuated, Rotavirus vaccination, medicine.disease_cause, acute, Belgium, gastroenteritis, Rotarix (TM) vaccination, rotavirus trend, Rotavirus Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), Vaccination, Infant, Newborn, Rotavirus Vaccines, Infant, Acute gastroenteritis, Original Papers, Infant newborn, Hospitalization, trend, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Acute Disease, Rotarix™ vaccination, Female, business
Abstract

This study describes epidemiological trends for acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) in Belgium in children aged

Published
2016

2. MRI and MRA Features of a Saccular Mycotic Aneurysm of the Cavernous Carotid Artery Resulting from Invasive Aspergillus Sinusitis

Author

Marc Schroeven, T Morel Lawson, Thierry Boulanger, Mathieu Deltomme, Laurens J L De Cocker, and Jean-François Poma

Subjects
lcsh:Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Images in Clinical Radiology, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Carotid arteries, lcsh:R895-920, Magnetic resonance imaging, Fusiform Aneurysm, Mycotic aneurysm, medicine.disease, Magnetic resonance angiography, medicine, cardiovascular system, Radiology, cardiovascular diseases, Sinusitis, business
Abstract

Opportunistic infections are on the rise because of an increasing number of patients with immunosuppression and their prolonged survival [1, 2]. Although invasive aspergillus sinusitis leading to a mycotic aneurysm of the intracavernous carotid artery is increasingly being reported, the magnetic resonance (MR) features supporting their mycotic origin are poorly known. A previous neuroradiological case report already extensively described the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) findings of a fusiform aneurysm [3]. We now report the case of a saccular mycotic aneurysm involving the cavernous portion of the carotid artery, and discuss the imaging features supporting its mycotic origin.

Published
2015

4. Adapting cities to climate change: A systemic modelling approach

Author

Stephane Hallegatte, Omar Doukari, Julia Hidalgo, V. Masson, Paolo Avner, Colette Marchadier, Xavier Briottet, Luc Adolphe, L. Nolorgues, G. Pigeon, Marc Bonhomme, Aude Lemonsu, Marie-Pierre Moine, C. de Munck, Jean-Luc Salagnac, T. Morel, Geneviève Bretagne, J. Le Bras, Rahim Aguejdad, B. Bueno, Nathalie Long, Thomas Houet, Vincent Viguié, K. Zibouche, Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche en architecture (LRA), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Rennes), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre Armoricain de Recherche en Environnement (CAREN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Rennes-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement (CIRED), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Urban Planning Agency, Toulouse, France, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Géographie de l'environnement (GEODE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), World Bank, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Solidarités, Sociétés, Territoires (LISST), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), Urban Planning Agency of Île-de-France, Paris, France, Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB), Groupe d'étude de l'atmosphère météorologique (CNRM-GAME), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des constructions (LMDC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Nantes), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement (IGARUN), Génétique Moléculaire des Levures, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales (LRSV), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA / DOTA, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Carlos III University of Madrid, Laboratoire de parasitologie - Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, CERFACS [Toulouse], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement (CIRED), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Toulouse (ENSA Toulouse), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Rennes-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement (IGARUN)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Climate Change, Geography, Planning and Development, Population, Climate change, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Systemic modelling, 7. Clean energy, 12. Responsible consumption, Climate Change,Cities,Adaptation,Urban Heat Island,Systemic modelling, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Effects of global warming, Urban planning, Urban climate, 11. Sustainability, Economics, Urban Heat Island, Urban heat island, Cities, Adaptation, education, Adaptation (computer science), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Environmental resource management, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Urban Studies, 13. Climate action, Greenhouse gas, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business
Abstract

International audience; Societies have to both reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and undertake adaptation measures to limit the negative impacts of global warming on the population, the economy and the environment. Examining how best to adapt cities is especially challenging as urban areas will evolve as the climate changes. Thus, examining adaptation strategies for cities requires a strong interdisciplinary approach involving urban planners, architects, meteorologists, building engineers, economists, and social scientists. Here we introduce a systemic modelling approach to the problem.Our four-step methodology consists of: first, defining interdisciplinary scenarios; second, simulating the long-term evolution of cities on the basis of socio-economic and land-use models; third, calculating impacts with physical models (such as TEB), and; finally, calculating the indicators that quantify the effect of different adaptation policies. In the examples presented here, urban planning strategies are shown to have unexpected influence on city expansion in the long term. Moreover, the Urban Heat Island should be taken into account in operational estimations of building energy demands. Citizens’ practices seem to be an efficient lever for reducing energy consumption in buildings.Interdisciplinary systemic modelling appears well suited to the evaluation of several adaptation strategies for a very broad range of topics.

Published
2014

5. New tools for engine control systems development

Author

Richard Stobart, A. May, T. Morel, and Bernard J. Challen

Subjects
Rapid prototyping, Engineering, Common rail, business.industry, Powertrain, Control (management), Fuel injection, Diesel engine, Automotive engineering, Diesel fuel, Control and Systems Engineering, Control system, business, Software
Abstract

Diesel engine control has already become complex, and in order to meet future emissions standards (such as Euro 4) it is likely to be the control system that will provide the needed performance increment. Common rail fuel injection offers yet more degrees of freedom which will need to be exploited as new emissions standards emerge. Whatever the emissions standards, there is a need to reduce risk at the earliest stages in the development of the powertrain. This will involve early and extensive simulation of the powertrain including its control system, sensors and actuators. One emerging approach lies in a combination of a phenomenological model of the engine and a flexible controls environment. To illustrate the principles of developing prototype control systems, we will use the example of the CPower environment, which is a combination of a detailed engine simulation code (GT-Power) and the Simulink simulation environment. Examples of the application of CPower include EGR control, simulation of common rail fuel injection and the simulation of new types of sensor for powertrain control.

Published
1999

7. A solution for an ideal planar multi-gates process for ultimate CMOS?

Author

Francois Leverd, B. Le-Gratiet, C. Borowiak, Thomas Ernst, Frederic Boeuf, L. Pinzelli, S. Barraud, T. Morel, Stephane Denorme, J.-L. Huguenin, Romain Wacquez, Sébastien Barnola, Pascal Gouraud, J. Bustos, G. Bidal, Stephane Monfray, M.-P. Samson, O. Faynot, Jf. Dalemcourt, K. Benotmane, B. Icard, Christian Arvet, Laurent Pain, Y. Campidelli, Thomas Skotnicki, P. Perreau, M. Martin, Remi Beneyton, and C. De-Buttet

Subjects
Very-large-scale integration, Materials science, Silicon, business.industry, Transistor, Electrical engineering, chemistry.chemical_element, Silicon-germanium, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Planar, CMOS, chemistry, Direct exposure, law, Logic gate, business
Abstract

We demonstrate for the first time high-performant planar multi-gates devices with Si-conduction channel of 4nm, allowing drive current up to 1350µA/µm @I off =0.4nA/µm (V dd =1.1V, CET=1.9nm). But as future multi-gates transistors need to have reduced capacitances and a simple robust process, we also demonstrate in this paper an ideal planar self-aligned solution, based on the direct exposure of a HSQ layer through a 5nm Si-channel. This opens the way to an easy planar multi-gate process for ultimate CMOS (11nm node & below), fully co-integrable with conventional devices.

Published
2010

9. Low leakage and low variability Ultra-Thin Body and Buried Oxide (UT2B) SOI technology for 20nm low power CMOS and beyond

Author

Sébastien Barnola, Vamsi Paruchuri, F. Allain, Claire Fenouillet-Beranger, Bruce B. Doris, O. Bonnin, J. Cluzel, T. Morel, D. Lafond, J.-F. Damlencourt, Konstantin Bourdelle, J.-P. Noel, Claude Tabone, Thierry Poiroux, Frederic Boeuf, Alain Toffoli, O. Rozeau, Pierre Perreau, Yves Morand, O. Faynot, X. Garros, By. Nguyen, G. Cibrario, Thomas Skotnicki, J-P. Mazellier, Francois Andrieu, R. Kies, L. Brevard, Vincent Delaye, P. Gaud, M. Casse, Olivier P. Thomas, J. Mazurier, François Martin, I. Servin, Walter Schwarzenbach, L. Tosti, S. Allegret, Virginie Loup, M-A. Jaud, and Olivier Weber

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Transistor, Electrical engineering, Silicon on insulator, Biasing, law.invention, CMOS, law, Logic gate, Low-power electronics, Optoelectronics, business, AND gate, Leakage (electronics)
Abstract

We fabricated CMOS devices on Ultra-Thin Boby and Buried Oxide SOI wafers using a single mid-gap gate stack. Excellent global, local and intrinsic V T -variability performances are obtained (A VT =1.45mV.µm). This leads to 6T-SRAM cells with good characteristics down to V DD =0.5V supply voltage and with excellent Static Noise Margin (SNM) dispersion across the wafer (σ SNM DD =0.7V. We also demonstrate ultra-low leakage ( G = 30nm by source/back biasing thanks to a low gate current and Gate Induced Drain Lowering (GIDL).

Published
2010

10. Ultra-Thin (4nm) Gate-All-Around CMOS devices with High-k/Metal for Low Power Multimedia Applications

Author

Nicolas Loubet, R. Beneyton, T. Morel, Stephane Denorme, L. Pinzelli, B. Le-Gratiet, Francois Leverd, Stephane Monfray, G. Bidal, J.-L. Huguenin, M.-P. Samson, Sébastien Barnola, Aomar Halimaoui, K. Benotmane, Thomas Skotnicki, Frederic Boeuf, C. De-Butet, Gerard Ghibaudo, Christian Arvet, Y. Campidelli, Pascal Gouraud, P. Perreau, STMicroelectronics [Crolles] (ST-CROLLES), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science et Ingénierie des Matériaux et Procédés (SIMaP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Materials science, business.industry, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Power (physics), CMOS, [PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other], 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, High-κ dielectric
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

11. hiflyViews: New Generation Telemetry Visualization

Author

G. Garcia, T. Morel, T.W. Beech, L. Pastor, J.C. Gil, and J.P. Chaumon

Subjects
computer.internet_protocol, business.industry, Computer science, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, computer.software_genre, Visualization, Data visualization, Data access, Data retrieval, Common Object Request Broker Architecture, Microsoft Windows, Operating system, XML schema, business, computer, XML, computer.programming_language
Abstract

hiflyViews is the new generation telemetry visualization component of hifly/spl reg/, GMV's complete monitoring and control solution for satellite fleet operations based on ESA's SCOS-2000 technology. As described in this paper, hiflyViews represents a leap forward in satellite telemetry visualization as follows: flexible data access: data can be accessed in live or retrieval; archived data can be fetched starting from a given time or a set of telemetry parameters having certain values, validities or change rate (slope or first derivative); data can be pushed from the server or pulled from the client; data can be sent always or whenever there is a change. Flexible data presentation: data presentation is performed via the concept of layout (alphanumeric, graphical and synoptic layouts are initially available); layouts can be arranged as desired within a telemetry display; displays can be embedded within other displays; rich text (with varying sizes, fonts, formats ...) is supported throughout. Openness: display definitions are XML documents satisfying a formalized XML schema. Access to data is performed through a fully formalized CORBA ICD (interface control document); there is no need of directly accessing the spacecraft or fleet database. COTS free: open Source technology is used throughout. Full portability: runs in Microsoft Windows, Apple Macintosh and UNIX/Linux environments. Advanced HMI: functions such as drag and drop, scaling, zooming, panning and navigation through hyperlinks as well as unprecedented configurability are readily available. Pluggable into SCOS-2000: hiflyViews' ICDs have been incorporated into the TM refurbishment initiative which should be incorporated into SCOS-2000 R5.0. hiflyViews is adequate for all ground segment telemetry visualization needs at all levels.

Published
2006

12. Cu/ULK (k=2.0) integration for 45 nm node and below using an improved hybrid material with conventional BEOL processing and a late porogen removal

Author

G. Prokopowicz, D. Rébiscoul, P. Leduc, Daniel Scevola, D. Bouchu, Thibaut David, A. Roman, Bruno Remiat, Didier Louis, Aziz Zenasni, M. Assous, M. Gallagher, A. Roule, Gérard Passemard, C. Guedj, M. Jackman, Sylvain Maitrejean, H. Trouve, M. Fayolle, Vincent Jousseaume, T. Morel, C. le Cornec, and F. Ciaramella

Subjects
Permittivity, Materials science, business.industry, Chemical-mechanical planarization, Etching, Analytical chemistry, Deposition (phase transition), Optoelectronics, Chemical vapor deposition, Dielectric, business, Hybrid material, Porosity
Abstract

Conventional Cu-ULK integration schemes lead to a drastic increase of the dielectric constant due to porous material degradation during process steps. In this paper, a post-integration porogen removal approach is studied to overcome this issue. Material optimization is presented (k=2.0) allowing the use of conventional BEOL integration processes such as oxygen-based etch chemistry, metal CVD barrier deposition and standard CMP process for dense low k. An integrated k value lower than 2.2 is obtained.

Published
2005

13. Improving Misfire Diagnostic through Coupled Engine/Vehicle Numerical Simulation

Author

A. Dominici, Federico Millo, R. Digiovanni, Fabio Mallamo, T. Morel, and M. Okarmus

Subjects
Engineering, Chassis dynamometer, Computer simulation, Powertrain, Combustion process, business.industry, Calibration, Experimental data, Angular velocity, Combustion, business, Simulation, Automotive engineering
Abstract

Numerical simulation can be effectively used to reduce the experimental tests which are nowadays required for the analysis and calibration of engine control and diagnostic systems. In particular in this paper the use of a one-dimensional fluid-dynamic engine model of an 8 cylinders high-performance s.i. engine coupled with a vehicle and driveline model to simulate the effects of misfire events on the engine angular speed is described. Furthermore, the effect of cycle-to-cycle combustion variability was also evaluated, in order to take into account variations in the combustion process that can substantially increase the engine speed fluctuations under normal operating conditions, thus hindering the misfire detection. Finally, a comparison with experimental data obtained on a chassis dynamometer was carried out. After this accuracy assessment, the numerical simulation could be used to analyze different techniques for misfire detection, thus reducing the required experimental tests.

Published
2004

14. Copper-SiOC-AirGap integration in a double level metal interconnect

Author

Y. Gobil, L. Perroud, D. Renaud, L. Ulmer, J.F. Lugard, Yves Morand, Gérard Passemard, F. Jourdan, T. Morel, M. Assous, P. Maury, M. Cordeau, J.C. Royer, H. Feldis, O. Demolliens, M. Cochet, M. Fayolle, and D. Lonis

Subjects
Interconnection, Materials science, business.industry, Low-k dielectric, chemistry.chemical_element, Dielectric, Metal interconnect, Capacitance, Copper, chemistry, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Electronic engineering, Optoelectronics, Tin, business
Abstract

This paper describes the integration of Copper with a SiOC/AirGap in a 0.18 /spl mu/m Double Level Metal Interconnect. A new concept is presented to achieve this ultimate interconnect scheme, and its feasibility is demonstrated by a 55% reduction of the total capacitance measured versus a Cu/SiO2 interconnect.

Published
2002

16. Application of Several Variable-Valve-Timing Concepts to an LHR Engine

Author

R. Keribar, T. Morel, N. Hakim, and M. Sawlivala

Subjects
Control valves, Volumetric efficiency, Engineering, Engine braking, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Aerospace Engineering, Flat rated, Automotive engineering, law.invention, Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Internal combustion engine, law, Variable valve timing, Ignition timing, business, Heat engine
Abstract

An analytical study was made of advantages provided by electronically controlled hydraulically activated valves when applied to a low heat rejection engine with and without exhaust heat recovery devices. The valves, which could be designed to operate with variable timings and variable rates of opening and closing, would allow the use of certain sophisticated valve strategies not possible with conventional systems. Three individual investigations were carried out. The first concerned the optimization of the timing and rate of valve opening at several speeds and loads, to obtain maximum volumetric efficiency and lowest BSFC. A second investigated early intake valve closing (IVC before BDC), coupled with increased boost, a concept that had been suggested previously in the literature. The present results showed much lower benefits than those predicted by the earlier study. The final study addressed the use of an organic Rankine cycle bottomer (ORCB) to extract energy from the exhaust stream and directing the ORCB output power to the engine air compressor shaft rather than to the engine output shaft. At rated engine conditions, when not employing a power turbine, this concept was found to produce higher BSFC compared to the more standard configuration where the ORBC was directly coupled to the engine shaft. When a power turbine was used between the engine and the ORCB, nearly the same BSFC was achieved with the two configurations.

Published
1987

17. Methods for heat transfer and temperature field analysis of the insulated diesel: Phase 3, Final report

Author

T. Morel, S. Wahiduzzaman, E. F. Fort, R. Keribar, and P. N. Blumberg

Subjects
Convection, Thermal efficiency, Materials science, Heat flux, Thermal insulation, business.industry, Thermodynamic cycle, Heat transfer, Mechanical engineering, Thermal conduction, business, Heat engine
Abstract

This report describes work done during Phase 2 of a 3 year program aimed at developing a comprehensive heat transfer and thermal analysis methodology for design analysis of insulated diesel engines. The overall program addresses all the key heat transfer issues: (1) spatially and time-resolved convective and radiative in-cylinder heat transfer, (2) steady-state conduction in the overall structure, and (3) cyclical and load/speed temperature transients in the engine structure. During Phase 2, radiation heat transfer model was developed, which accounts for soot formation and burn up. A methodology was developed for carrying out the multi-dimensional finite-element heat conduction calculations within the framework of thermodynamic cycle codes. Studies were carried out using the integrated methodology to address key issues in low heat rejection engines. A wide ranging design analysis matrix was covered, including a variety of insulation strategies, recovery devices and base engine configurations. A single cylinder Cummins engine was installed at Purdue University, and it was brought to a full operational status. The development of instrumentation was continued, concentrating on radiation heat flux detector, total heat flux probe, and accurate pressure-crank angle data acquisition.

Published
1988

18. Engine and control system modelling to reduce powertrain development risk

Author

A. May, Richard Stobart, Bernard J. Challen, and T. Morel

Subjects
Set (abstract data type), Engineering, Process (engineering), business.industry, Powertrain, Control system, Control (management), Control engineering, Context (language use), business, Engine control unit, Dual (category theory)
Abstract

There is an underlying shift in philosophy away from map based controls towards more widespread use of models to represent elements of the engine system. Models have the dual advantage of supporting both control and diagnosis activity in the engine management system. This paper is based on work we have done to build an accurate control development capability using a full phenomenological model of the engine. The result will allow the control development process to proceed significantly further in simulation than if conventional modelling techniques were employed. The consequence is an early reduction in development risk. The CPower environment is developed, which is a combination of the GTPower engine modelling code and the Simulink 2 control simulation package. Our objective in bringing these tools together is to allow controls development to be set in the context of an accurate engine model. (4 pages)

19. Discussion: 'Heat Transfer With Insulated Combustion Chamber Walls and Its Influence on the Performance of Diesel Engines' (Woschni, G., and Spindler, W., 1988, ASME J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 110, pp. 482–488)

Author

T. Morel

Subjects
Materials science, Petroleum engineering, Combined cycle, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Nuclear engineering, Homogeneous charge compression ignition, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Aerospace Engineering, Diesel cycle, law.invention, Diesel fuel, Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Internal combustion engine, law, Internal combustion engine cooling, Exhaust gas recirculation, Combustion chamber, business
Published
1988

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