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The authors proposed a fusion protocol using multilevel clustering (FPMC), which is completely dependent on the increased coverage and wireless sensor network (WSN) reliability‐clustering framework to eliminate duplication. Therefore, a static sensor for a point of interest is allocated where possible so that the particular area can be protected. Furthermore, FPMC ensures that only one sensor node is allocated to cover a specific point of interest. The network coverage, energy usage, mean movement of WSNs nodes and sensor nodes are active in each loop due to which efficiency of the proposed protocol was assessed under various densities, and its performance was also analysed. Evaluations have shown that with restricted active nodes and sensor nodes, the FPMC can increase the networking coverage. The FPMC should be stressed as reducing the overlap level. The proposed protocol is based on the fusion protocol using multi‐level clustering for improving coverage and connectivity WSNs.

Background: The follow-up observational study between TENS and PLATE group in Displaced Midshaft Clavicular fracture conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Takhtsinhji Hospital, Bhavnagar, after getting permission from ethical committee. Materials and Methods: All patient coming to Sir Takhtsinhji General Hospital, Bhavnagar with midshaft clavicular fracture and who admitted for surgery and met the criteria was included in this study. Patients with fractures older than 4 weeks or with pathological fractures or those having associated head injury or having bilateral fracture was excluded from the study. After explaining the purpose of the study, a written informed consent was taken from all the participants before data collection. The data were recorded in a predesigned and pretested proforma. Data was collected from past records, and in subsequent 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months postoperative follow up. Result: At the end of the study, we had 15 patients in the Plate group and 15 in the TEN group for comparison. In the Plate group, we had 08 male and 07 female patients, whereas there were 09 male and 06 female patients in the TEN group. The Duration of Surgery was 71.346.67 in the Plate group and 485.60 in the TEN group. The use of minimally invasive antegrade TEN for fixation of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures is recommended The functional outcome at 3 months was good in 14 cases (46.66%), adequate in 16 patients (53.34%). Out of all the good outcomes, 9 cases (60%) were from TEN group while 5 patients (33.3%) from plate group. Conclusion: All patients were evaluated at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months with follow up radiologically by xrays. In our study Road Traffic Accident was the most common cause for clavicle fractures. Fall on out stretched hand was the commonest mechanism of injury. We studied the fracture pattern (intra operatve finding) based on mode of injury and mechanism of injury. From this AO 2B2 (comminuted mid shaft fracture) is associated with high

This retrospective chart review study aims to compare demographic information, post-operative pain scores, and opioid use following treatment with kyphoplasty alone, OsteoCool™ (Medtronic) system, and SpineSTAR ® (Merit Medicine). Following institutional review board approval, retrospective chart review of 64 patients was examined between January 2011 and December 2017. Inclusion criteria for this study comprised patients greater than 18 years old having metastatic vertebral compression fracture involving the thoracolumbar spine. Exclusion criteria consisted of non-pathologic osteoporotic compression fractures, metastasis in cervical spine, or previous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment. Age at intervention, gender, previous treatment, and nursing recorded VAS score from 0 to 10, with zero representing no pain and 10 representing worst pain were compared. Pain scores documented immediately pre- and post-operatively, as well as 7–14 days post-operatively were targeted for analysis. Post-procedure opioid intake during the first month following surgery was also assessed. A total of 63 patients were included in this retrospective analysis. The demographic characteristics between the treatment arms were similar. Difference of square means analysis showed no statistical difference in pain scores at each time interval between the two RFA systems, or was there a statistical difference in pain scores when each RFA system was compared independently to kyphoplasty alone. Chi-squared analysis showed no statistical difference in opioid use between the treatment arms 1 month post-operatively. To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates post-operative pain scores between the two novel RFA systems and kyphoplasty alone. Each system results in improved pain scores post-operatively; however, no additional benefit was seen from the addition of RFA.

Background Outcome studies on sinonasal malignancy are limited to retrospective case series, often with inclusion of diverse histology and short follow-up. The objective of this study was to identify key predictive variables that independently impact survival for paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) and to compare these variables in the context of these two distinct clinicopathologic entities. Methods: Analysis was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 1973 to 2012 to identify key variables that impact survival for SCC and AC. Results A total of 3,714 cases were included. There were 2,895 SCC cases and 819 AC cases. The mean age at diagnosis was 64.1 years. The male to female ratio for SCC and AC was 1.85 and 1.04, respectively. Patients with SCC and AC were most often diagnosed with stage IV disease in 61.8 and 63.4% of cases, respectively. The majority of patients received combined surgery and radiation (52% for SCC and 43.1% for AC). For SCC, increased age (p Conclusion SCC and AC of the paranasal sinuses are both aggressive malignancies with poor survival. For both histological subtypes, increased age predicts worse survival and grade also closely links to survival in AC. These data have important potential implications for treatment planning and pretreatment counseling.

Internet user has caused a tremendous growth in the information quantity, information accesses, information classification and complexity of Internet topologies handling information. Multidimensional data (mobile apps usage data (mix data set (log data))) contains a huge number of irrelevant redundant information. Users of a web application find it difficult to get the required information quickly and effectively due to enormous size of data (huge data generated per second). Numerous machine learning algorithms are useful to an amount of dataset to find the efficiency and accuracy of the classifiers. One of the potent solutions for this problem is web personalization. Providing personalized recommendations to users for improving credibility depend on the web application usage of the useful information in web application. It is very difficult to predict the behavior of such personalization systems. Our proposed intelligent map reducer model is based on machine learning concept. The results of this research are significant for training and testing of big datasets for Map Reduce Fusion Deep Learning Based on Back Propagation Neural Network algorithm established classification problems. The proposed algorithm is implemented using the HADOOP framework and enhanced the performance of existing map reducer model by improving the accuracy and reduce error rate.

Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a debilitating disease with incidence of between 50 and 75 per 100,000 patients per year. Patients can present with vague symptoms typically consisting of chronic abdominal pain with radiation to the back, weight loss, dyspepsia, or new onset diabetes. These symptoms in the setting of alcohol and/or tobacco abuse should heighten a physician’s suspicion for chronic pancreatitis. Diagnosis can be difficult to make based on labs alone, and clinicians should rely on imaging modalities including computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), which all have high sensitivity and specificity. Management of CP can be challenging as patients usually have a prolonged course of symptoms that can span up to several years. An initial multimodal approach consisting of non-opioids, antioxidants, and central-acting neuropathic medications can be sufficient in managing abdominal pain for some patients. However, approximately 50% of patients will need an endoscopic procedure, interventional pain procedure, and/or surgery at some point in their disease course. Interventional pain procedures, including celiac plexus and splanchnic blocks, can provide extended relief in some patients. The surgical intervention most commonly performed is a lateral pancreaticojejunostomy, which has been shown to provide relief in greater than half of patients. Newer procedures that are on the horizon consist of coupling total pancreatectomy and islet auto-transplant.

We report the fabrication of InP/In0.53Ga0.47As based short wave infrared photodetector for remote sensing application. Smooth and vertical sidewalls in the mesa isolation of the diodes using wet etching are observed with etch depth of more than 2.2 μm. Ohmic contact to heavily doped n-type InGaAs by depositing Ti/Pt/Au metal layer is formed using electron beam evaporation and showed the specific contact resistance of 3 × 10−7 Ω-cm2. InGaAs based detector arrays are fabricated in the 640 × 512 matrix with 25 μm × 25 μm detector pitch.

As per the today’s scenario, the current technology of modern trend is required to improve the performance by minimum effort, to find more valuable items, and to extract precious information for industry people from large dataset efficiently that contains sales transactions (e.g., collections of items bought by customers or details of a website frequentation). We are proposing novel approach Business Strategy Prediction System for Market Basket Analysis. It is to find that all existing algorithms are working to find the minimal frequent item set first, but here with the help of those methods, we are finding the maximal item set. When this algorithm encountered on dense data which having the large numbers of long patterns emerge that will give the more accurate and effective result which specify all of the frequent item sets.

Cardiac hypertrophy, as a response to hemodynamic stress, is associated with cardiac dysfunction and death, but whether hypertrophy itself represents a pathological process remains unclear. Hypertrophy is driven by changes in myocardial gene expression that require the MEF2 family of DNA-binding transcription factors, as well as the nuclear lysine acetyltransferase p300. Here we used genetic and small-molecule probes to determine the effects of preventing MEF2 acetylation on cardiac adaptation to stress. Both nonacetylatable MEF2 mutants and 8MI, a molecule designed to interfere with MEF2-coregulator binding, prevented hypertrophy in cultured cardiac myocytes. 8MI prevented cardiac hypertrophy in 3 distinct stress models, and reversed established hypertrophy in vivo, associated with normalization of myocardial structure and function. The effects of 8MI were reversible, and did not prevent training effects of swimming. Mechanistically, 8MI blocked stress-induced MEF2 acetylation, nuclear export of class II histone deacetylases HDAC4 and -5, and p300 induction, without impeding HDAC4 phosphorylation. Correspondingly, 8MI transformed the transcriptional response to pressure overload, normalizing almost all 232 genes dysregulated by hemodynamic stress. We conclude that MEF2 acetylation is required for development and maintenance of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and that blocking MEF2 acetylation can permit recovery from hypertrophy without impairing physiologic adaptation.

Application Management and System Monitoring (AMSM) is a software module which has the capability for application management and system monitoring. Application management is achieved through XML based deployment, spawning, re-spawning and load balancing. It also monitors memory, temperature, network and computing resources of the system for SLA violations (Service Level Agreement) and triggers pre-configured corrective actions. AMSM helps in ensuring high application availability across the system and provides robust software level fault tolerance. The software is made of two autonomous computing unit viz. AMSM Agent and AMSM Controller.

Software quality based applications development is the main concern is user satisfaction. It increases the reliability and efficiency of information retrieval and management. As the bundle of code created day by day the repository storing such code is regularly migrates the older code in to legacy systems. To develop and facilitate new object oriented model based application with improved problem solving capabilities such code has to be re-factored and reused effectively. The legacy systems have the collection of both the types of the code: procedural and object oriented. The procedural code is converted into object oriented code by using the phenomenon of re-engineering and the object oriented code database is searched for reusable code components. Thus to make the effective and timely detection of such reusable components tools is required. All the existing tools for such detection use various metrics for measuring and analysis of compatibility, price and development effort required to re-engineer those components. Also the current system will only focuses on using cohesion and coupling based metrics. But accuracy is the problematic issues in all of them because of their few metrics usage conditions. This work proposes a novel RUCM (Reusability Utility Count Model) for analyzing the reusability value. It takes various key features of code for calculating the above. The work focuses on satisfying the quality attributes by applying all the modularity principles in metrics design and measurement. To do that effectively this work had developed six composite metrics: LOC, LMD, MD, DOC UOS, and IC. In its primary work level the proposed approach seems to provide effective results in near future.

High contact resistance of the order of 10−3 Ω cm2 observed in p-type HgCdTe is one of the practical problems in the production of fine pitch high operating temperature and avalanche photodiode detector array. Electrical and compositional measurements on Au/p-HgCdTe are reported to understand the difficulties in reducing the contact resistance in HgCdTe detectors. Characterization of Au contacts on p-type Hg1−xCdxTe (x=0.3) formed by electrode-less (electroless) process and current transport mechanism are discussed. SIMS depth profiling of interfacial layer formed by the reaction of gold chloride with HgCdTe have been analyzed. Extent of the interfacial layer containing Au, Te, O and Cl is found to increase with increasing deposition time. Effect of annealing on the migration of Au across the contact region and electrical characteristics are presented. Heavily doped HgCdTe region with NA=1017 cm−3 is produced beneath the contact regions after annealing at 80 °C leading to an order of magnitude improvement in the specific contact resistance. These results are useful for the creation of Au/p-HgCdTe contacts in a controlled and reproducible manner.

The purpose of Installation and Health Monitoring Unit (IHMU) is to provide single window access to entire system for remote installation of Linux based Operating System, System/Application software, patches, version anomaly detection, health monitoring and debugging. It automates the entire process of software installation and maintenance, thereby drastically reducing time and human effort. It has been designed for most advanced distributed systems of Indian defense industry. The solution is envisaged by using DHCP, TFTP and HTTP protocols.

In this paper, we investigate the impact of the deformable bodies on the control algorithms for physically simulated characters. We hypothesize that ignoring the effect of deformable bodies at the site of contact negatively affects the control algorithms, leading to less robust and unnatural character motions. To verify the hypothesis, we introduce a compact representation for an articulated character with deformable soft tissue and develop a practical system to simulate two-way coupling between rigid and deformable bodies in a robust and efficient manner. We then apply a few simple and widely used control algorithms, such as pose-space tracking control, Cartesian-space tracking control, and a biped controller (SIMBICON), to simulate a variety of behaviors for both full-body locomotion and hand manipulation. We conduct a series of experiments to compare our results with the motion generated by these algorithms on a character comprising only rigid bodies. The evaluation shows that the character with soft contact can withstand larger perturbations in a more noisy environment, as well as produce more realistic motion.

We present a physics-based approach to synthesizing motion of a virtual character in a dynamically varying environment. Our approach views the motion of a responsive virtual character as a sequence of solutions to the constrained optimization problem formulated at every time step. This framework allows the programmer to specify active control strategies using intuitive kinematic goals, significantly reducing the engineering effort entailed in active body control. Our optimization framework can incorporate changes in the character's surroundings through a synthetic visual sensory system and create significantly different motions in response to varying environmental stimuli. Our results show that our approach is general enough to encompass a wide variety of highly interactive motions.

Indian small scale industry is witnessing a very difficult time in global market after liberalization and globalization of economy. As a result competition amongst small scale manufacturers is becoming stiff. Escalating material prices and reducing profit margins have contributed problem for small scale manufacturers. In the present scenario, there is a need of change felt to adapt cost cutting, technological upgradation, lean structure and supportive systems to add to the competitiveness. This paper is based upon a survey of small scale manufacturing units located in and around Jalandhar (Punjab). Multiple answer type questions were framed for the convenience of the respondents. The questionnaire was designed to cover various aspects of change management, area of change and its impact on competitiveness. The responses have been analyzed and coefficient of correlations has been established. Also, the competitive index (CI) has been evaluated using Asset- Process- Performance (APP) framework.

In the era of globalization, the whole world appears to be a global village. After globalization and liberalization, many Multi National Companies have entered in various sectors in Indian market. As a result, a strong competition has emerged between Indian companies and multinational companies. The strong financial background, technological capabilities and international reputation have helped them to establish in the market and gain an appreciable market share. Changing customer needs, rapid technological developments and environmental issues have also contributed to the present situation which has demanded the industry to be run with utmost professionalism, encompassing both short-term and long-term goals and actions. The need of the time is thus, to change from a conventional type of working to an environment of complete professionalism, competitiveness, efficient teamwork and high level of achievements. The ‘desired change’ in an organization is made as a dynamic process spread over a long period. This process brings out the need to study the factors and forces and constraints prevalent in the industry with an aim to develop strategies for effective management of change. A study has been made with the objective to analyze various areas of change management like organizational system, structure, culture, technology & people, and to formulate a process for the effective management of change. The study is carried out in phases, i.e. survey of engineering industries, case study, modelling and analysis; and developing strategies for managing change. The collective information has been synthesised using SAP-LAP framework. For developing change strategies, a tool called ‘Matrix of Change’ has also been employed.

We are living in the age of global interconnectivity where Internet and related communication technology reign supreme and has taken a place of basic necessity in business as well as daily routine. This interconnectivity is enhanced extremely with the help of Search Engine. Tools of Search Engine enable us to find information on the web database rapidly. On the other hand this rapidity of information availability has not been relevant to actual user need. There have been continuous efforts to find relevant contents accurately but still they are far from satisfactory. Therefore there is a need to design efficient and optimum Search Engine to surmount this problem of relevancy.

Pay Wave in this paper refers to technology which provides contactless payment between the Pay Wave card and the Point of Sale (POS) Terminals. Pay Wave uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Chip which is embedded in the cards for contactless payment. It can also be embedded in Smart phones, watches, key rings for the advanced use. The customer just needs to wave the card in front of the POS Terminal and the transaction will be done in less than 1/2 second. This paper analyses the requirements of Pay Wave and focuses on the advantages of this new mode of payment.

Portal vein thrombosis is an unusual complication of acute pancreatitis. It occurs in some cases of severe acute pancreatitis particularly those associated with pancreatic necrosis. A review of relevant literature suggests a role of anticoagulants in such cases but further studies are needed to establish the advantage of such therapy conclusively. We present a case of acute necrotizing pancreatitis complicated by portal and splenic vein thrombosis managed with anticoagulants. This resulted in recovery without development of portal hypertension and its complications.

We present an interactive motion editing tool for creating dynamic scenes with human and object interaction. Our approach solves for an optimal control problem that leverages methods for physics-based rigid body control and kinematics-based human motion editing. Because the humans and the objects are coupled via physical contacts, our interface allows the animator to directly change the trajectories of humans or objects and simultaneously render the effect of the edits on the entire scene. Consequently, the animator can efficiently create complex interaction that requires precise synchronization, such as juggling. Our framework is generic to the choice of human motion editing method, as long as the differential information of the motion can be computed.

Modeling the reactions of human characters to a dynamic environment is crucial for achieving perceptual immersion in applications such as video games, training simulations and movies. Virtual characters in these applications need to realistically react to environmental events and precisely follow high-level user commands. Most existing physics engines for computer animation facilitate synthesis of passive motion, but remain unsuccessful in generating motion that requires active control, such as character animation. We present an optimization-based approach to synthesizing active motion for articulated characters, emphasizing both physical realism and user controllability. At each time step, we optimize the motion based on a set of goals specified by higher-level decision makers, subject to the Lagrangian dynamics and the physical limitations of the character. Our framework represents each decision maker as a controller.

Motion pictures of all sorts make heavy use of "extra" actors to bring fidelity and liveliness to a scene. These secondary characters are usually engaged in low-energy, background actions and are often seen close-up and in-detail. This fabric of background human activity comes with two main challenges. First, secondary characters must be able to react to events in their environment. Second, characters should not exhibit motions that are too repetitive. In this paper, we propose an approach to generating physically realistic and non-repetitive motion for small groups of autonomous secondary characters. To equip a character with a wide range of motor skills we introduce the concepts of behavior and transition. A behavior models the ability of a character to remain within range of a set of well-defined configurations, while a transition allows the character to change its behavior. Characters choose their behavior as a response to the environment and in accordance to a simple physiological model.

This paper presents a novel approach to estimate the changing internal and external parameters of the camera in real time using a few 3D-2D point correspondences. We approach the problem by constructing two filters which can individually track motion and zoom respectively in a robust manner. Then, the Viterbi algorithm is used to select a filter depending on whether the camera is undergoing motion or zoom. We assume that the camera cannot move and zoom simultaneously, though our method can tolerate some hand held movement during zoom. The application of our approach is demonstrated on synthetic and real data.

With the globalisation of market, emergence of competition have demanded an unprecedented level of change and resulted in an uncertainty. As the organisation prepares to meet uncertainties, many traditional management concepts that are helpful in stable environment do not remain equally effective in dynamic and uncertain conditions. In some cases, an organisation may continue to focus on optimising the existing processes. In such inflexible posture, efforts of the management get wasted, assets grow sterile and technology gets obsolete. As an alternative approach, organisations need to adopt strategic flexibility to respond to the continuous change and become competitive. The process of managing uncertainty is fundamentally an effort to identify and achieve the right 'strategic balance' in building new organisational competences. Meeting this challenge requires organisations to manage continuity. In this paper, a survey conducted in Indian engineering industries has been presented depicting the status of various aspects/factors of continuity forces.