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Due to an abrupt outbreak of the global COVID-19 pandemic, the educational paradigm has to be shifted to a new era of online education at all levels while maintaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study aims to analyze the implementation of online education focusing on (1) institutional preparedness of digital infrastructure and (2) students' learning activities during the pandemic. An online survey (Google Survey) was conducted to collect the data, which were then qualitatively analyzed supported by data quantification in percentage. The findings indicate that the target schools managed to carry out online education in response to the government's social restriction. Online education has been implemented in three different contexts, depending on the types and strata of schools-fully, partially, and none of the two. This has opened up prospects and challenges to create different standpoints. The students learn through a variety of virtual learning activities, such as watching videos (YouTube or Teacher's presentation), completing quizzes, doing assignments, discussion via Google Meet, and the like depending on the class design.

Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) is knowledge of indigenous people's best practices in contact with nature gained through centuries of experience. One way to transmit the experiences is folktales about corn and vegetable planting in Tawangmangu Sub-district, Central Java, Indonesia. Today, young generations do not recognize the folktales and thus do not understand the important values implied in the stories about non-rice food security. This condition triggers the importance of literacy of folktales among local students. This study aims at investigating the effects of folktale-based comics on the level of students' mastery of TEK through quasi-experimental research. The population in this study includes fifth-grade elementary students in Tawangmangu. The experimental group was given treatment with folktale-based comics, while the control group received treatment with texts. The instrument used to measure the students' literacy level of TEK was a multiple-choice test with 38 items. The results have proven the significant contribution of folktale-based comics to the students' mastery of TEK, indicated by the large category of the Cohen test. Therefore, teachers are recommended to take advantage of educational comics to improve students' literacy in the local cultural wealth that is becoming extinct.

This research aimed to investigate the patterns of selLing-and-buying transactions in a traditional market. The data sources of this research were the the sellers and the buyersin beef, chicken, fruit, grocery, and vegetable shopsof Pasar Waru, a traditional market, in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. The data were in the form of transactional conversations between the sellers and the buyers. Qualitative method was applied in this research by using the formula of generic structure potential theory proposed by Halliday Hasan (1985) to describe the patterns of buying-and-selling transaction in the market. The result shows that generic structure elements in some shops at Pasar Waru comprises: greeting (G), sale initiation (SI), sale enquiry (SE), sale request (SR), sale compliance (SC), sale (S), purchase (P), purchase closure (PC), and finish (F). The grocery, beef, and chicken shop had a similar structure of G^SR^SC^S^P^PC, whereas the fruit shop showed its actual structure G^SI^SE^SR^SC^S^P^PC. Meanwhile, the vegetable shop had G^SI^SR^SC^S^P^PC structure. As a whole, the five shops produced generic potential structure [(G).^] [{ SR^ SC }^S^] P^PC.

This reserach build access control and file distribution management system for electronic diploma and transcript using ethereum smart contract and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). The falsification of diplomas/transcripts is one of the problems in education. In Indonesia, falsification of diplomas/transcripts is a form of criminal act of falsifying letters. In addition, diplomas/transcripts that have not been digitalized make them easily damaged, lost, and difficult to manage. Therefore, this research developed digital diploma/transcript as digital twin from the hardcopy of diploma/tramscript. This research used IPFS to store data in a distributed system and Smart Contracts Blockchain to store and protect the digital diploma/transcript. The system also comes with access control to create and give approval for diplomas or transcripts to be published and saved into the system. Access control settings will be saved using the blockchain. This research using Quality of Service test method for measurethroughput, packet loss, and delay. Beside that, tis research also analysis the usage of Central Processing Unit and Random Access Memory from the system. Based on the test that has been done, the fake diploma/transcript detection system can be run properly by using 1 node to 5 nodes. The best throughput value during the process of making and validating the diploma/transcript is to use 1 node. The value of packet loss in the process of making and validating the certificate/transcript has a very good category. The value of delay in the process of making and validating the diploma/transcript has a very good category.

The Covid-19 pandemic has destroyed many SMEs throughout Indonesia, even in Sleman. This study aims to test the product innovation model on start-up SMEs in Sleman in overcoming the challenges of digital transformation. The technology analyzed in this study is digital technology in start-up SMEs for product marketing and creating new innovative products. The population in this study were all start-up SMEs in Sleman. Sampling using purposive sampling. The number of samples in this study was 75 respondents. This study uses a respondent survey approach. The data analysis technique used qualitative and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis was conducted to create a cluster map of the distribution of start-ups and technology clusters used by start-ups in Sleman. Quantitative analysis is used to test the product innovation model at start-ups in Sleman.

As a result of COVID-19, the world is experiencing shocks and the risk of increasing uncertainty affecting various sectors, like the health, social and economic sectors. In the economic sector, economic activity has decreased. Numerous companies have laid off their employees because their businesses could not survive, and there is decreased business productivity, which has resulted in reduced public consumption and reduced economic growth. In a situation like this, humans are required to be able to adapt to existing conditions, by innovating to create new business fields or trying to become entrepreneurs to encourage economic growth. The economic activity amid the pandemic’s challenges has been initiated by the government in order for the Indonesian economy to revive, and universities in Jakarta, Tangerang, and Bekasi ( Jabeka) are trying to create new entrepreneurs in the economic sector. The purpose of this research was to describe the strategy of universities in creating students as entrepreneurs amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The research subjects were the program managers and the entrepreneurs’ lecturers. Descriptive qualitative methods were used, with Miles and Huberman data. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that universities prepared students very well in terms of the curriculum, teaching, entrepreneurial activities, and soft skills that students must have before graduating from tertiary education, such as requiring students to carry out entrepreneurship activities while being students. Keywords: strategy, universities, entrepreneurs.

The progress of a region cannot be separated from the development of digitalization. Now, digitalization is very important in development, because it is a capital that interacts with five offline capitals as social capital, economic capital, personal capital, political capital, and cultural capital owned by the community so that it will improved welfare, income, health, and others. Digital village is an idea that is being proclaimed by local government in collaboration with rural government. Punggul village Badung Region and Beraban village Tabanan Region in Bali Province already programmed digital village in their village development. The purpose of this research is to describe how digitalization is applied in services to the community and village development and how to carry out digitalization as a capital carried out by the Punggul and Beraban Village Governments. This research uses qualitative research methods with case study. Data collecting methods uses interview, observation, and documentation. This research result show us about the position interaction between digital capital and five offline capitals in Punggul village and Beraban village the same is in “the third level of digital divide” which internet used driven by and for the increasing offline capital. While the relationship between digital capital and five offline capital, the Punggul village is the ideal type and Beraban village is the third level of ideal scenario. Digitalization in both of villages become a supportive capital in improving villagers welfare.

Some of the most successful companies in Indonesia come from Family Companies that can reach 3 generations. The organizational culture in the family company is largely determined by the mindset of the family company actors. Besides, many family companies cannot articulate their core values (Family Values) into values that can be applied to business, which must be exemplified by company Leaders. This study aims to examine the concepts of Mindset, Family Value, and Leadership in Organizational Culture. The object of this study is a family company which is engaged in building materials business. The population in this study was all employees at building material companies in Surabaya, with a sample of 30 building material company owners as respondents. The analysis technique used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS). Based on the study results, it shows that (1) mindset has a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company. (2) Leadership has a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company. (3) Family values have a significant effect on the organizational culture of the building material family company in Surabaya.

Entrepreneurial capital indicators are talent, courage to take risks, interests, experience, creating change. Indicators of relational capital are trust, taste, customer service, distribution channels. The indicators of entrepreneurial success are conquering challenges, free from all rules, realizing your own ideas, giving other people's work to provide personal satisfaction and benefit others, and the benefits of knowing a lot for career development. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of entrepreneurial capital & relational capital on entrepreneurial success. This research is a quantitative study with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. While the method of analysis of this research uses Partial Least Square with non-probability sampling through 100 respondents consisting of 52 men and 48 women in several PKL centers in Surabaya. The results of this study concluded: 1) entrepreneurial capital has an effect on entrepreneurial success; and 2) relational capital affects entrepreneurial success.

The limited employment resulted in the emergence of educated unemployment because the absorption of tertiary graduates in the labor market is also limited. Based on BPS data in 2019, Micro Small Medium Enterprise absorbs 97% of the national workforce. This study aims to analyze the entrepreneurial interest in batik products among college students from the perspective of self-efficacy, social capital, and entrepreneurial literacy. This research is a quantitative study using Path Analysis method. The results of this study are there is an effect of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial literacy, there is an effect of social capital on entrepreneurial literacy, there is an effect of self-efficacy on entrepreneurial interest in batik products, there is an effect of social capital on entrepreneurial interest in batik products, there is an effect of entrepreneurial interest in batik products. The results of this study are expected to increase entrepreneurial interest among students by applying various factors that influence it.

All of automotive companies around the world are aggressively producing large number of motorized vehicles, especially cars. A car is a transportation mode that is widely used by the middle and upper class. The large number of cars uses cannot be separated from the needs for maintenance of the vehicle itself. Lubricant is the core of engine maintenance on vehicles. Therefore, the demand for lubricants continues to increase due to the increasing demand for cars. Bandar Lampung, for the example, is increasing in the term of the city’s population that is affecting its number of people who own cars. This phenomenon caused the demand for lubricants to increase significantly, so that many lubricant distributors were overwhelmed by this demand. Seeing this opportunity, the RWM Logistics, which is a new Third Party Logistics (3PL) company with value added service is lubricant packaging, has a plan to build a lubricant storage facility in Bandar Lampung. In designing the facility, the company has to decide the layout design, area requirements, material handling planning, and the operational costs. The development of this facility is expected to help the company to meet the demand of lubricant products that were not covered by other distributors.

Upstream oil and gas industry is one industry that has an important role in the economic movement in Indonesia. Products produced by this industry, namely oil and gas, are one of the largest energy sources in Indonesia. High demand must be supported by rapid exploration and production activities. This activity must be supported by other divisions, one of which is the procurement of goods and services. The main problem currently faced by companies is the length of the procurement process causing the duration of the procurement process to be long. There are 2 factors that cause the duration of procurement duration, namely technical bid evaluation by the user and pre-qualification activities. This research uses quantitative methods by calculating process cycle efficiency and value stream mapping. The results of this study show using the offline method, the resulting process efficiency cycle is 60.59% and the duration of procurement is 67 days. Using the combination of online and offline methods, the process cycle efficiency increased to 73.06% with a procurement duration of 59 days. This shows that the online method can reduce the duration of procurement by up to 8 days with a process cycle efficiency increasing by 12.47%. However, both methods have their advantages and disadvantages so it is proposed that the two methods can be combined to produce less time.

This study aims to examine the stock market reaction of lq 45 to the 2019 presidential and vice presidential elections. The sample used is LQ 45 shares listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019. The number of samples in this study is as many as 10 issuers. The study used a paired sample t test analysis by testing actual return and expected (normal) return to determine whether or not it was abnormal during the 2019 presidential and vice presidential elections. The results of this study show that it does not have a significant impact between the return market to the stock retun.

This research aims to try to apply an alternative of EVA (Economic Value Added) method as a measurement of financial performance in the Conventional Rural Banks (BPR) industry. The motive of examining other alternatives because until now BPR financial performance measurement is still using a normative approach - Regulation of the Financial Services Authority (POJK) in the form of financial ratios. However, phenomenal happening reference numerals are not rigid. Some benchmark financial performance ratios such as ROA and Operational Expenses to Revenues (BOPO) applied during this magnitude resembles a commercial bank, whereas both business size is different. BPRs assume this spirit is still rough guide and constantly still in the process of looking for the best practice’s formulation. Empirically, this study calculating Economic Value Added (EVA) and using purposive sampling at 30 BPR in West Java for period 2013-2015 with the following criteria: (1) The total combined assets under $ 10 billion, (2) has information of financial ratios in 2013 -2015, (3) the results of the processing of statistical data meets the assumptions of classical test. In a panel data analysis here used 3 regression model, the model of common effect, fixed effect and random effect. Results of this research by F-test showed that all independent variables partially made a significant influence on the dependent variable EVA and by t-test showed that the independent variable EAT showed positive and significant effect on the variable EVA, but independent variable DER, CAR and DPK showed no significant effect on variable EVA. Prospects for implementing EVA method will lightened administratively in the measurement of BPR’s financial performance and potentially stimulate management tasks to focus on core banking activities.

This This research is developing multimedia based on Andorid for vocational high school students in Makassar city. The development model used is an interactive multimedia design development model developed by StephenaM. Alessi & Stanley R. Trollip consists of planning, design and development, as well as attributes that are always present in every stage. The data collection techniques used questionnaires, interviews and documentation which were analyzed descriptive qualitative and quantitative statistics. The results showed 1) the use of the internet in learning has not been maximal, including the use of smartphones, while the development of information and communication technology demands the use of information teccnology in learning, 2) Android-based multimedia that has been developed has been validated by content expert and media expert and declared valid and very proper to be used, 3) the trial results in the individual test are in a score with very proper qualifications so that they are declared valid meanwhile the small group trials are in the very valid and practical. Based on the stages that are passed in Android-based multimedia development in physic subject, product development can be continued at the next stage, namely large group testing and implementation.

The demands of specific requirements related to thermal comforts, such as temperature, relative humidity, inside air exchange and other factors required in a hospital operating rooms, have necessitated the development of energy-efficient heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and efficient heat-recovery system using a heat-pipe heat exchanger (HPHE). The experiment was conducted by using HPHEs having three, six and nine rows, with four heat pipes in each row, arranged in a staggered configuration with a variation of fresh-air inlet temperature and velocity. The theoretical analysis was conducted using the ε-NTU method for predicting the effectiveness, outlet temperature of the evaporator side and energy recovery of the HPHE. The experimental results indicated that increasing the air-inlet temperature in the evaporator section and the number of rows increased the HPHE effectiveness but increasing the air-inlet velocity reduced the effectiveness. The highest effectiveness of 62.6% was obtained at an air-inlet temperature of 45°C with an air-inlet velocity of 2 m/s and a 9-row HPHE. The energy recovery of the HPHE increased with the number of rows, air-inlet temperature and air velocity in the evaporator section. The ε-NTU method can be used as a comparison method in the analysis of heat-recovery systems that apply HPHE air conditioning systems. Heat pipes that utilize cold-air exhaust from a room in an HVAC system can enhance efficiency and reduce emissions.

An effective way to retain employees is to maintain and foster a harmonious relationship between the organization and its employees. Good treatment of the company to its employees, will form a positive perception in the minds of its employees so that it arises in the name of engagement or employee engagement. Employees who have an attachment to the company will certainly have a sense of job satisfaction. Employee management must be directed to the ability to elevate Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) through the job satisfaction of its employees, this is mainly because of the employee engagement function that provides a set of values ​​for setting company priorities. The problem of employee engagement is essential for a company, because it will always be related to life in the company. The population of this research is all 557 permanent employees in East Java. The sample in this study was selected using the multistage sampling method. After mapping, eight offices were netted, namely Jember, Malang, Mojokerto, Pasuruan, Sidoarjo, Surabaya Karimunjawa, Surabaya Rungkut, and East Java Regional Office as many as 207. The research hypotheses proposed were 2 and were tested using the path analysis method. The conclusion is that employee engagement and job satisfaction partially affect the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of East Java BPJS employees and employee engagement has a significant effect on job satisfaction of East Java BPJS Employees. Keywords: employee engagement, job satisfaction, Organizational Citizenship Behavior

This research was conducted to understand the perception of people in Tawangmangu, Central Java in terms of the potential of teaching TEK in primary schools, challenges, and teaching strategies. We conducted semi-structured and unstructured interviews with 77 participants (local TEK experts, local communities, educators, and education officials). TEK in Tawangmangu includes folktales, ceremonies, offerings, typical food, terraced farming, intercropping systems, irrigation systems, crop management, herbal medicine, traditional house, and social system. Participants supported the idea because the TEK began to become extinct and identified its delivery in formal schools as a bridge to maintain it. Factors identified as obstacles are limited study time, limited access to subject matter, lack of political support, and differences in the characteristics of knowledge transfer between science and TEK. Participants claimed that the most appropriate strategy for teaching it in primary schools was to bring students closer to the real context. To teach it, the teacher chooses a number of contextual learning methods that are considered suitable, like field trips, role playing, task-based learning, and project-based learning.

Natural resources and the strategic position of Indonesia in a cross position shipping lanes of the world contributed to having a great economic potential but also gives a serious impact threat. For that, it is needed a strong national defense in order to protect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Indonesia. The overall defense system, involving the entire nation must be nurtured as directed. The national industry as one of the supporting components in the country's defense system should be controlled by domestic industry management, including the national industry in the sector of maritime transport means. Government's attention that supports the growth of maritime transport means is a great opportunity to boost the national economy as well as the preparations for war situations. Amid the possibilities and constraints, this study investigated the strategy for the control of the maritime industry to strengthen the country's defense. Mixed method research descriptive qualitative and quantitative SWOT analysis was used to investigate it. The study found that the strategy for the control of the maritime industry is to carry out the construction of port facilities, the construction of a fleet of ships made in the country, the formation of qualified human resources, to improve its management, ensure the availability of the main spare parts and improve shipbuilding capability, to optimize the benefits of sabotage principle to resolve banking policy which is still not very profitable to the industries.

The purpose of this study are: (1) to investigate the implementation of partnerships in the VOK tobacco business in an Islamic perspective, whether include mukhabarah, muzara’ah, or musaqah contract; (2) to explore the partnership implementation of VOK tobacco business on social, economic, and finance. This study use the snowball method with in depth interview. This research captured that there are two contracts of Islamic partnership on tobacco business, namely mukhabarah and muzara'ah. The social impact is the availability of jobs for people who do not own land/rice fields, thus helping the government to reduce unemployment and create close kinship in the community. The manifestation of the economic impact is that people who do not own land can still earn income for live. This study shows that there is a difference formula in calculating the profit sharing between the net farm income (NFI) and local culture formula. The local cultural formula does not use the real cost to count the net profit which is considered injustice. It is important to note that injustice is something that is against Islamic belief. Profit-sharing ratio between landowner and land tiller is 50%: 50% of net income.

This works present Computational Fluid Dynamics model of serrated fin on tube economizer for thermal performance. One of the parameters that affect the heat transfer in the fin is turbulence. Increased turbulence can enhance heat transfer. In serrated fins, more turbulence than that of the solid fin. Generally, fin pitch could contribute to thermal performance. In this works, the serrated fin variations are pitch at 2.623 mm, 3.623 mm, 4.623 mm, 5.623 mm, and 6.623 mm. Solid fin is utilized as the benchmark of serrated fin performance improvement. The research method is carried out by using software ANSYS Fluent. The results show that the temperature distribution on the modified geometry of the serrated fin is better than the initial geometry of the solid fin. The serrated fin can increase the turbulence of the flue gas flow and make flue gas flows into the gap in the serrated fin, increasing the heat transfer that occurs. The effectiveness of the fins on serrated fins is higher than solid fins. In serrated fin, the fin effectiveness value is 2.77 at 2.623 mm fin pitch, while the fin effectiveness value on the solid fin is 2.46 at 2.623 mm fin pitch. In addition, the temperature distribution and fin effectiveness will decrease with increasing fin pitch.

This study aims to analyze whether the high-fat diet decreases serum TNF-α and breast tumor area on benzopyrene induced mice (Mus musculus). This study was a true experimental with the randomized posttest-only control group design using 36 female mice (Mus musculus), 3-4 months age, 25 ± 5 grams. Mice were induced with benzopyrene (BZP) subcutaneously with a dose of 0.3mg/20gBB/day for 14 days in the right breast area, then randomly divided into 6 groups, K1 (negative control group, given standard feed), K2 (positive control group, standard feed), K3 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 60% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 10% fiber), K4 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 45% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 45% fat, 10% fiber), K5 (high-fat diet with a ratio of 30% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 60% fat, 10% fiber) and K6 (high-fat diet on day 15 with a ratio of 15% protein, 0% carbohydrate, 75% fat, 10% fiber). The high-fat diet was administered for 28 days. The mean of tumor area delta at K1 (0.00 ± 0.00) mm2, K2 (3.52 ± 1.98) mm2, K3 (27.18 ± 21.23) mm2, K4 (13.19 ± 9.93) mm2, K5 (8.80 ± 1.72) mm2, K6 (10.81 ± 6.55) mm2, and (p=0.001). The mean of TNF-α levels at K1 (56.32 ± 8.25) ng/mL, K2 (65.99 ± 2.82) ng/mL, K3 (70.43 ± 4.61) ng/mL, K4 (58.05 ± 5.80) ng/mL, K5 (54.91 ± 3.27) ng/mL, K6 (59.67 ± 3.63) ng/mL and (P = 0.000). A high-fat diet lowers TNF-α levels and reduces the area of BZP-induced breast tumors. The lowest TNF-α levels and the lowest breast tumor area were found in groups with a fat: protein ratio = 60:30. Keywords: Benzopyrene induced, Breast tumor area, High-fat diet, Tumor necrosis factor-α

The attendance process is widespread today in Indonesia. One everyday use case is recording attendance at an enterprise. However, the existing attendance system still poses some risks. One of the biggest causes is when the smart card used does not have a good quality guarantee and does not use an official Indonesian identity card, namely e-KTP. This issue causes the wasteful use of smart cards. In addition, this is not under the Law of the Republic of Indonesia. Therefore, this research focuses on utilizing the e-KTP as an authentication factor in recording attendance. In addition, this study uses two methods: survey methods and theoretical methods. As a result, the proposed mechanism system has fewer steps than the current enterprise’s (2 out of 3). With the e-KTP, the conclusion obtained indicate that the proposed mechanism has successfully mitigated all technical existing risks (R2, R4, and R5). User Agreement Testing also shows the same results, participant’s perspectives of R1 and R3 scenarios more feel comfortable with e-KTP as the proposed ID cards in their enterprise. This study has been founding a new mechanism approach that is handled 100% risk (5 risks are covered), with all of the enterprise respondent’s responses that showed the agreement about the more efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed scheme that using e-KTP than the enterprise’s smartcard owned.

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) can be found in various places. However, multiple kinds of attacks have also increased. IoT devices are very vulnerable to attacks, both physical and non-physical, because of their unmanned nature. In non-physical attacks, the most important thing is to secure the data on memory devices. Physical unclonable function (PUF) is the strongest and lightest method to securing memory devices and can be used on unmanned IoT devices. The advantage of PUF over current classical cryptography types is its compatibility on IoT devices with limited computing resources. However, before PUF can be claimed to provide security property, it must meet the evaluation indicators: randomness, uniqueness, and steadiness. PUF can be the best solution for securing data on IoT devices because the encryption process does not put a secret key on the device. Instead, the key is generated randomly. This research is evaluating two different PUF chips with the same PUF design. We designed the arbiter PUF on the FPGA and evaluated the results of the responses given. Through rigorous experiments, this research succeeded to evaluate the three indicators of PUF where the randomness is 54.43%:45.4%, and 25.88%: 74.2%, the uniqueness between chip is 69.53%, and lastly, the steadiness is 89.84%, and 91.41%.

Purpose Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that accounted for 6 per cent of total Indonesian deaths in 2016. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of milk fermented using intestinal origin Lactobacillus casei strains to alleviate hyperglycemia in rats. Design/methodology/approach L. casei strains AP and AG were previously isolated and identified from feces of breastfed Indonesian infants (in vitro. These strains were used as bacterial starters to ferment milk, and the fermented product was fed to 25 diabetic rats for 15 days; metformin was used as a positive control. Blood glucose concentration, lipid profiles and total lactic acid bacteria counts were analyzed before and after treatment. Findings The results showed that feeding rats with milk fermented using L. casei strain AP decreased blood glucose concentration from 172.4 ± 2.1 to 147.2 ± 6.0 mg/dL (p < 0.05), whereas metformin reduced blood glucose concentration from 173.5 ± 6.5 to 124.2 ± 16.9 mg/dL (p < 0.05). Feeding milk fermented either L. casei AP or AG decreased low density lipoprotein but increased high density lipoprotein levels (p < 0.05). Research limitations/implications This research finding is expected to increase the development of fermented dairy products as functional food, solutions for the prevention of hyperglycemia diseases which have a higher risk to occur on humans. Practical implications Further study is needed to examine the effect of L. casei AP-fermented milk on humans with hyperglycemia. Social implications This research finding is expected to increase the development of fermented dairy products as functional food. Originality/value Oral administration of L. casei AP-fermented milk reduced hyperglycemia in rats similar to metformin. Further study is needed to examine the effect of L. casei AP-fermented milk on humans with hyperglycemia.

Hospitals consume large amounts of energy, especially in their heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems due to the special requirements for ensuring healthy, comfortable, and safe environmental conditions. The use of a Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger (HPHE) is recommended as a means of minimizing electricity consumption with no loss of comfort while also improving indoor air quality. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the performance of a U-shape HPHE in recovering exhaust air heat from an indoor room included in an HVAC system. The U-shape HPHE consists of several tubular U-shape heat pipes with water as a working fluid and arranged in a staggered configuration. Tests were carried out to determine the impact of the inlet air temperature, air velocity, and the number of heat pipes on its effectiveness. The experiment revealed that the higher the temperature of the inlet air, the more effective the U-shape HPHE. The results show that the temperature of the air entering the cooling coil decreased by 1.73 °C with an effectiveness value of 7.64 %. This result was achieved using 12 U-shape HPHEs, which had a staggered arrangement, an air velocity of 1.5 m / s, and an air temperature entering the evaporator of 45 °C. The highest amount of heat recovery, 2190.43 kJ/hour, was achieved when the air velocity was 2.5 m/s.

Semiconductors structures with high quality and low cost have been developed and applied in industry on a large scale. The knowledge of basic properties of semiconductor materials growth is important for many technological applications. Cd 1-x Mn x Te films have been used successfully in optoelectronic, solar cells and high energy detectors applications. However, despite the high potential for application of these films, fundamental growth studies on Si(1 1 1) substrate are not extensively explored. In this study, two Cd 1−x Mn x Te (CMT) films (with different Mn concentrations) were successfully prepared on Si(1 1 1) substrate employing molecular beam epitaxy. The morphology and surface roughness of the films were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the structural quality and to determine the Mn concentration of the samples. It shows that the films have only (1 1 1) orientation despite a lattice mismatch of almost 19%. Room temperature micro-photoluminescence (µ-PL) spectra shows a high intensity band edge emission and very low intensity defect related emission. Raman spectroscopy of the samples was carried out in order to obtain the vibrational modes. First, second and third order CdTe-like and MnTe-like longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon modes were observed. These results demonstrate the potential of these structures for room temperature applications.

Indonesia has an increasing number of obese people every year. Risk factors and complications caused by obesity can increase morbidity and mortality in the community. One of factors causing the increasing number of o bese people is caused by the decreasing level of physical activities done by I ndonesian people. This study aims to determine the effect of physical activity levels on the risk of obesity. The study used an observational analytic case control design. Subjects were chosen through a purposive sampling method. The p opulation was young adults in Surabaya. The sample of the study included 97 obese adults and 97 non-obese adults. The study was conducted in March - July 2018 in South Surabaya through distributing questionnaires to two groups. The questionnaire given used the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The results showed that physical activity performed by adult age group of obesity was mostly classified as low activity (59,8%), while non-obese adult age group was mostly included in medium activity (56,6%). This shows a significant difference in physical activity between obese and non-obese groups (p=0,047). It can be concluded that decreased levels of physical activity may increase the risk of obesity in adult.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers were common diabetes complication that progressively growth globally. The effectivity of Manuka honey in wound healing process was huge published currently. Modern dressing and Manuka honey may not affordable and cost effective since these dressings were not produced originally in Indonesia. In addition, the published study of Indonesian honey is still lack. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the effectivity of Indonesian honey in diabetic foot ulcers healing process. Method: This study design was observational case study. This study was conducted among type 2 diabetes with diabetic foot ulcers in Griya Afiat Homecare and ETN Center in Makassar City, Indonesia from March to June 2014. The Bates Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT) were used to collect the score of diabetic foot ulcer healing process regarding wound size, depth, edges, undermining, necrotic tissue type, necrotic amount, granulation, epithelization, exudate type and amount, surrounding skin color, edema and induration. Descriptive, Independent t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon signed rank test were conducted appropriately. Results: In total, 10 type 2 diabetes patients with diabetic foot ulcers were participated. The factors associated with wound healing process were diabetes treatment (t= 2.44, p= 0.041) and primary dressing (t= -2.76, p= 0.025). The effect of honey primary dressing was in reducing wound size (p= 0.043), improving necrotic tissue type (p= 0.041), reducing necrotic tissue amount (p= 0.042), increasing granulation (p= 0.038) and epithelization (p= 0.042). In the counterpart, the effect of modern dressing was in improving necrotic tissue type (p= 0.046) and increasing granulation (p= 0.042). Conclusion: Indonesian honey is beneficial on diabetic foot ulcers healing process. Recommendation: Therefore, findings suggest that honey should be considered as the alternative, cost effective and beneficial wound dressing on the diabetic foot ulcers.

Delivering public service is an important matter where the performance of government institution is equally related to the public satisfactions. This study conducted from nine types of taxes in Bandung Municipal City. Survey has been held to assess the public satisfactions of the tax service performance in Bandung Municipal City for future tax service improvement and innovation to society. Importance-Performance Analysis is being used to measure the service attributes that provided by the authorized government institutions alongside SERVQUAL model from Parasuraman et al. (1985). The results indicate that there is no further handling from the submitted complaint by taxpayers, the limited infrastructure to pay the tax and also the media to convey their dissatisfaction toward current service. Hence, the tax payment system integration is needed which providing tax information base and require procedure to educate the taxpayer and improve accountability of authorized the local government institution.

Replay and eavesdropping attacks threaten the information security that is held by smart healthcare devices. An authenticated key exchange method to provide cryptography sessions is the best way to provide information security and secure authentication. However, smart healthcare devices do not have sufficient computation to perform heavy cryptography processes due to the limitations of the embedded devices used. We propose an authenticated key exchange protocol based on a physical unclonable function (PUF). The proposed protocol aimed to countermeasure from replay and eavesdropping attacks. We designed our protocol with one handshake process and three authentication processes. We evaluated our proposed protocol using Tamarin Prover. From the results of the evaluation, our proposed protocol can exchange properties correctly between communication actors and is valid in proving each lemma in eavesdropping and replay attacks.

An Pleural effusion is an excessive accumulation of fluid, blood or water in the pleural cavity which will cause the increase of shortness of breath because of the decreasing space for lung expansion. One of the efforts to reduce the complaints of shortness of breath is by insertion of water seal drainage. Water Seal Drainage (WSD) is a medical action performed to remove air or fluid from the pleural cavity. The patient's ability to breathe effectively is an indicator to release WSD. This study generally aims to determine the effectiveness of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on the speed of lung expansion in patients with water seal drainage insertion. The research design was pre experiment with pre test - post test group design. The population in this study were patients with insertion of WSD who were admitted to Dr. Muwardi Surakarta Hospital. The sampling technique was purposive sampling. The number of samples were 16 respondents. To measure lung expansion, the indicator used Peak Expiratory Flow Rate as measured by peak flow meter. Data analysis used dependent t-test. The results show that there are differences in the speed of lung expansion in patients with WSD insertion before and after diaphragmatic breathing exercises with p-value of 0.0001. Suggestion for nurses to be able to train diaphragmatic breathing exercise in patients with WSD insertion increase lung expansion so that WSD can be released and the risk of infection can be reduced.

New Radio (NR) is the fifth generation of wireless access technology that is able to provide extreme mobile broadband, massive connectivity and low-latency communications. This study aimed to compare network planning in mid-band at 2.6 GHz and in high-band at 26 GHz which enables very large bandwidth for multi-Gigabitper-second (Gbps) data rate transmission. The network planning used Mentum Planet 7.3 based on coverage area in the form of a case study in Jababeka Industrial Estate with an area of 22.67 km2. Link budget was calculated using Downlink Outdoor-to-Outdoor (O2O) with Line of Sight (LOS) and Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) scenarios based on the Urban Micro (UMi) and Urban Macro (UMa) propagation models with 3GPP TR 38.901 standardization. The simulation results showed that scenario 1 (downlink-O2OLOS) produced a better network than scenario 2 (downlinkO2O-NLOS). The NLOS scenario required a higher number of gNodeB than the LOS scenario because in the NLOS scenario, there was a trouble between the gNodeB and the user terminal. The maximum data rate at 2.6 GHz was 436.31 Mbps with an average SS-RSRP value of -96.01 dBm and an average SS-SINR value of 4.21 dB, while the maximum data rate for 26 GHz was 1.83 Gbps with an average SS-RSRP value of -78.14 dBm and an average SSSINR value of 0.46 dB.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health problems and in the top 4th ranks as the main cause of death in developing countries (IDF, 2015). The pathogenesis of type II DM involves abnormalities in insulin secretion and activity that leads to insulin resistance. This research aims to study the efficacy of celery (Apium graveolens) as a prevention of insulin resistance. In this study, the samples were 45 Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), male sex, aged 4-6 weeks, weight 150-175 grams, and had normal fasting blood glucose levels by tested before treatment. The experimental animals were divided into 5 groups, K1 was negative control group (insulin resistance by given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDay); K2 was positive control group (those given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDay and standard insulin resistance therapy metformin 500 mg/kg BW PO qDay); the K3 treatment group was given 20% fructose 1,86 g/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 200 mg/kg BW PO qDay; the K4 treatment group was given fructose 20% 1,86 mg/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 400 mg/kg BW PO qDay; and the K5 treatment group was given fructose 20% 1,86 mg/kg BW PO qDay and celery extract 600 mg/kg BW PO qDay. The treatment had been given every day for 60 days. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured using a Glucometer. Fasting blood insulin levels were measured using ELISA, HOMA-IR was calculated using a standardized formula, and GLUT4 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemistry. It the end of the intervention, there was a significant decreased in fasting blood glucose (FBG) in K4 group compared with K1 (p

Sensing node principally is only responsible for sending data to the server that later on will forward the data to the user. Through this mechanism, the user will receive the data from the sensing node based on the value sent without any data verification at the server-side. The data in this case could be invalid. Thus, error handling as the main problem of the research is needed. By ensuring that this problem is worth objectivity raising, then through the Risk Management Process Model, it is certain that this problem will cause an adverse threat. After identification, 6 arising risk were found, with the level of control at threat”. Furthermore, 7 Mitigation Actions (MA) were designed and grouped into 3 Mitigation Phases (MP). Mitigation plan was realized into a platform with several system blocks, including 2 middleware blocks giving data error handling service directly. Moreover, to ensure that the proposed platform has covered all existing risks, service guarantee agreement was made in the form of a Service Level Agreement (SLA).The test results showed that both SLA 1 and SLA 2 succeed in guaranteeing no more risk arising. The test results showed the security level value is 6/ 6=1, which means all of the risks are ”handled” status and succeed in scope of ”eliminate”. Eventually, when the proposed platform is adopted directly to the organizations that need it, it is expected that it can be the answer to the problem of error in data sensing.

The mechanism for distributing information on the source of the attack by combining blockchain technology with the Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) can be done so that DDoS attack mitigation becomes more flexible, saves resources and costs. Also, by informing the blacklisted Internet Protocol(IP), each IPS can share attack source information so that attack traffic blocking can be carried out on IPS that are closer to the source of the attack. Therefore, the attack traffic passing through the network can be drastically reduced because the attack traffic has been blocked on the IPS that is closer to the attack source. The blocking of existing DDoS attack traffic is generally carried out on each IPS without a mechanism to share information on the source of the attack so that each IPS cannot cooperate. Also, even though the DDoS attack traffic did not reach the server because it had been blocked by IPS, the attack traffic still flooded the network so that network performance was reduced. Through smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain, it is possible to inform the source of the attack or blacklisted IP addresses without requiring additional infrastructure. The blacklisted IP address is used by IPS to detect and handle DDoS attacks. Through the blacklisted IP distribution scheme, testing and analysis are carried out to see information on the source of the attack on each IPS and the attack traffic that passes on the network. The result is that each IPS can have the same blacklisted IP so that each IPS can have the same attack source information. The results also showed that the attack traffic through the network infrastructure can be drastically reduced. Initially, the total number of attack packets had an average of 115,578 reduced to 27,165.

This paper presents an overhead analysis of the use of digital signature mechanisms in the Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol for three classes of constrained-device. Because the resources provided by constrained-devices are very limited, the purpose of this overhead analysis is to help find out the advantages and disadvantages of each class of constrained-devices after a security mechanism has been applied, namely by applying a digital signature mechanism. The objective of using this digital signature mechanism is for providing integrity, that if the payload sent and received in its destination is still original and not changed during the transmission process. The overhead analysis aspects performed are including analyzing decryption time, signature verification performance, message delivery time, memory and flash usage in the three classes of constrained-device. Based on the overhead analysis result, it can be seen that for decryption time and signature verification performance, the Class-2 device is the fastest one. For message delivery time, the smallest time needed for receiving the payload is Class-l device. For memory usage, the Class-2 device is providing the biggest available memory and flash.

Although the staple food of the Indonesian people is rice, some residents traditionally have non-rice staple foods. One of them is the people in Tawangmangu, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, which used to be the staple food of corn. This can be seen from his traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), such as folklore, traditional ceremonies, offerings, and agricultural systems that were inherited from his ancestors. However, it is suspected that this knowledge is starting to disappear so that education in schools brings students closer to the real context. This study aims to determine the material and significant effects of the presentation of TEK on society, corn food consumption visually through educational comics on the level of knowledge literacy in cognitive and affective aspects. The research was conducted with a quasi-experimental design on sixth grade students from two elementary schools. The experimental group used comic media, while the control group used text. Tests and questionnaires were given before and after treatment in the experimental and control groups. The experimental results show that the use of comics has a significant effect on increasing knowledge and attitudes about the traditional ecology of corn food maintenance. Students understand the origin of the corn plant commodity, the procedures for cultivating corn, and processing traditional food made from corn. Students also have a pro-knowledge attitude towards traditional ecology, including supporting the consumption of food made from corn which is seen as "satanic" food.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Lesson Study Method on the competence of writing and publication of scientific articles at the Laweyan Elementary School teacher in Surakarta. The approach used in this research is a quantitative-descriptive approach. The study design was a one-group pretest-posttest. The study population consisted of 60 elementary school teachers in Laweyan Subdistrict, Surakarta. The sample used in this study were 10 Dukuhan Kerten SDN teachers and 10 Laweyan SDN Surakarta teachers. Data collection techniques using product tests in the form of the results of scientific articles and how to publish scientific articles. The test data were then analyzed using N-Gain. The research findings state that there is an increase in the competence of writing and publishing scientific articles with, the percentage of indicators of scientific article writing is 0.71 (high), and publication of scientific articles 0.70 (High). This finding shows that the lessson study method can improve the competence in writing and publishing scientific articles.

The traditional validation process of the attendance system today still has myriad threats in its use. One of that is popularly known as the manipulation of attendance data (especially if using paper-based). This study aims to improve security during the validation system by designing a security document that can be used as a guide when developing an attendance system. After following each step in the common criteria framework, a security document will be generated later. The document is also commonly referred to as the Protection Profile (PP) of the document. PP documents can be used as a basic guide when a developer will build a product. Generally, products related to security aspects need this kind of guidance. By describing 6 threats which are divided into 6 Security Objectives (SO). 11 Security Functional Requirements (SFR) are needed to deal with the threat. And at the end of the section, it is illustrated the correlation each SFR has been able to overcome all threats. With every threat, SO, and SFR mapped.

Many examples of technology on the payment scheme already help and facilitate transactions in Indonesia such as internet banking, ATM or debit cards, e-money, and also mobile banking. Included on drink vending machine, it is a sale that utilizes machines. Today’s commonly, drink vending machines still use coins or smart cards, which based on the Legal and Ethical Experience this factor is still have many weaknesses and threats, that can occur in this payment system. So the payment authentication factor is needed to pay more attention to user experience components, some of which are ownership, privacy, and security.So that in this study, the implementation of the fingerprint authentication scheme was made as an epayment factor based on user experience. This study uses a mixed-method in analyzing every pain problem of the research. Where to conduct exploratory studies through literature review and direct observation in the case of the application of the vending machines, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. This research shows that the payment authentication system can solve the problem of the risk of system attack, the risk of topping up fails, it can harm the user (R1), if the user loses a smart card, the smart card is at risk of being used by not the owner (R2), if the data on the smart card is cloned, it can poses a risk to the system (R3). The conclusion of the proposed payment system can overcomes the existing problems obtained from the system security testing scenario. In addition, user agreement testing (R4 and R5) are also done by providing a questionnaire comparing the level of satisfaction of the existing and proposed payment systems, the results of this test shows that the user feels comfortable with the proposed payment system.

There are growing concerns over the threat to human health from the unregulated use of antimicrobials in livestock. Broiler production is of great economic and social importance in Indonesia. This study used a structured questionnaire approach to explore the human behaviours and economic drivers associated with antimicrobial use in small commercial broiler systems in Indonesia (n = 509). The study showed that antimicrobial use was high with farmers easily able to access antimicrobials through local animal medicine, however, it was difficult for farmers to access veterinary advice on responsible antimicrobial use. The most significant finding was that the relative cost of antimicrobials was low, and farmers observed improvements in productivity rates from routine antimicrobial administration. However, farmers seldom kept detailed records on farm productivity or economic costs, this is a hurdle to undertaking a more detailed economic analysis of antimicrobial use. There is a need for further research on the cost-effectiveness of alternative methods of preventing disease and ensuring that feasible alternatives are easily available. Farm-level economics and securing the food supply chain need to be central to any future policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial use in broiler systems in Indonesia and this observation is relevant at a regional and global level.

The upstream oil and gas industry has an important role in economic development in Indonesia. The material handling process is one of the contributing factors in the optimization of industrial business processes. To optimize existing business processes in the upstream oil and gas industry then support in terms of both process material handlers is needed. The study was conducted at the company's oil and gas on Procurement function. The removal of the heat exchanger is performed using a crane capacity of 50 tons with a frequency of three times a day. The material removal process can negatively impact the company in case of inaccuracy of material handling processes. The negative impact that may arise, namely in terms of cost that may experience a loss. This research is faced with the problems of imprecision in material handling, resulting in the cost of materials handling companies. The method used to solve this problem is the calculation and analysis of total material handling costs. The results obtained based on these studies is a loss in terms of costs by 54.5% because the material handling process is not according to standards. The conclusion is better when the material handling process takes place can use 2 operators and time for 1 hour 6 minutes to reduce losses.

Employees with a good understanding of the functions, duties and having sufficient competence will foster a high commitment to the agency in this case the task of implementing SAKIP. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of competence apparatus and organizational commitment to the implementation of performance accountability system of government agencies at the representative office BPKP North Sulawesi. The used sample are 40 respondents. The sample technique is sampling purposive. This research used multiple regression analysis method with SPSS 22 for windows. The results of research shows that Competency Apparatus influences the implementaion of Performnce Accountability System of Goverment Instituion whereas Commitment Organizasion is not in compliance with the Implementaion of Performnce Accountability Sistem of Goverment Instituion. And the result the two independent varibles influences simutneousy to the dependen variable.

One of approach used in knowledge asset (knowledge property/asset) assessment and measurement was Intellectual Capital that comprised of 3 main elements of Human Capital, Structural Capital, and Relational Capital. Creative industry is industry with uniqueness and put more emphasize on creativity, innovation and individual talent utilization require maximum management. This research intended to find model, on how correct intellectual capital component would be, and find actual description of Human Capital, Structural Capital as well as Relational Capital principles for creative industry in East Java. Samples in this research were leader/management/owner of 5 creative industry sub-sectors in 9 cities of East Java (Surabaya, Pasuruan, Probolinggo, Mojokerto, Batu, Malang, Kediri, Blitar, and Madiun) with 45 people respondents as samples. Analysis technique utilized in this research was Spider Plot Diagram. Survey and discussion result showed that Intellectual Capital Mapping on 5 (five) creative industry sub-sectors in East Java demonstrated that Relational Capital was more dominant followed by Human Capital, and Structural Capital as the least dominant.