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Revegetation of pioneer plants is a critical phase in community establishment for mudflats in seriously degraded coastal wetlands. We tested a hypothesis of the importance of a "power balance" among propagule resilience and sedimentary and tidal disturbances for vegetation reestablishment. Our experiment used three types of propagules (seeds, seedlings, and corms) of native Scirpus species in the fringing flats with similar tidal flows and varying sedimentary intensities in the Yangtze Estuary. Regardless of the initial planting densities, the seed germination rate was extremely low in the field situation. Although the incubated seedlings were planted directly on the bare flat, the wave movement easily flushed the seedlings, even at the site with moderate sedimentary accretion. Failure of the revegetation practice using the seed and seedling materials indicated that the combined "growing and anchoring power" of young seedlings and "stabilizing power" of the sediment were insufficient to withstand the "dislodging power" of the tidal energy. In contrast, the planting approach with underground propagules (corms) proved to be feasible for vegetation establishment at the sites with moderate and low-level sedimentary intensities. The successful practice improved the tipping point of plant survival and tussock formation could be surpassed when the combined growing and anchoring power of seedlings that developed from corms with the stabilizing power of the sediment was greater than the dislodging power of the wave energy. However, at the site with high-level sedimentary intensity, the excessive sediment converted to the burying stress power as seedlings developed from the corms, revealing a burial threshold for seedling survival. The risk of seedling establishment was high when the burying stress power of the sediment far outweighed the combination of the growing power of the seedlings and the sediment removal power of the tidal current and surpassed the tipping point of vegetation die-off. Additionally, we checked the practice cost of the different approaches to ensure a highly cost-effective revegetation planning based on site suitability. This study highlights that understanding of the propagule-sediment-tide power balance offers a tool for improvement of the revegetation and management of site-specific sedimentary and hydrological environments for many degraded coastal ecosystems.

To investigate the relationship between relapse and the levels of the residual amount of HBV DNA in serum at cessation in chronic hepatitis B patients meeting 2008 Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) cessation criteria.A total of 72 chronic hepatitis B patients who took NAs and had reached 2008 APASL cessation criteria entered the study. Patients were followed up for 6 months or longer after antiviral therapy was stopped. Serum HBV DNA level at cessation was detected by a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay with detection limitation of 2 IU/mL.Of all the 72 patients, 42 patients (65.3%) relapsed after NA cessation. The detectable rate of the trace amount of HBV DNA at cessation was 41.7% by highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction reagents. The detectable rate of patients with consolidation treatment duration of18 months was higher than that with consolidation duration of ≥18 months (47.5% vs. 15.4%, P=0.034), and the detectable rate of patients with HBeAg seroconversion within 6 months of treatment was lower than that of ≥6 months (25.0% vs. 61.5%, P=0.036). The residual amount of HBV DNA and detectable rate at cessation showed significant differences between relapsed and nonrelapsed patients (130.4±420.90 vs 44.6±155.16 IU/mL, P=0.004; 55.3% vs. 16.0%, P=0.001). The cutoff value predicting relapse was 2.24 IU/mL, with a sensitivity of 0.553 and specificity of 0.840.Residual amount of HBV DNA in serum at NA cessation is associated with HBV relapse. The cutoff value predicting relapse was 2.24 IU/mL, with a sensitivity of 0.553 and specificity of 0.840.

Power grid crises at home and abroad happened frequently, insufficient research on power grid crisis management and awareness of “crisis and crisis management” warns the necessity and urgency of power grid crises management. Necessity of finding rational theoretical basis for our studying crisis and carrying out crisis management are becoming urgent. This article proposes the theoretical basis from three aspects: stage-division theory, system theory and structure theory. Stage-division of power grid crisis management can be adopted according to practical study. The outstanding performances of all components of crisis management embody the safe and stable operation of power system. Fragmentation of thinking way in power grid crisis management will hamper the crisis management, and we should establish “systems thinking”- “to see the whole”.

There are few enterprises in economy scale among the majority of enterprises in industrial clusters, and they cannot carry out independent research-and-development of new products. Therefore, they have to rely on innovating resources of the clusters to enhance their comprehensive strength in competition. In this study, we analyzed the driving forces for collective learning in industry clusters, and try to establish a model for collective learning and competitiveness of industry clusters, and provided a new approach for upgrading industrial clusters.

Black start of power system is an issue of typical semi-structural optimization. Black-start scheme of power-grid recovery should have one or more alternative plans, when one project due to some special links cannot be successfully implemented, the other can quickly be implemented, so as to ensure the success rate of black-start crisis recovery. The preplan of crisis management requires the effective plan of crisis disposal, especially the preplan of black-start-path must be established, because effective recovery-path program can obtain an effective disposal of crisis to prevent the spread of the crisis. It is by the model of DEA that can evaluate the relative efficiency of the same type of black-start-path with multiple input, multiple output indexes, so as to identify gaps and improve the factors that affect the efficiency. So we chose the DEA model to evaluate the selection-path of black-start.

Power grid crisis happening at home and abroad warns the urgency of power grid crisis management. This article mainly study on how to carry out power grid crisis management under the natural disasters in extreme weather from three aspects: prevention and early warning before the crisis; coordination and joint action in crisis; reflections after the crisis. For the nucleus of crisis management is prevention-oriented, so the first line of defense of power grid crisis management is to establish a shared value of the crisis culture. In the face of power-grid crisis, a comprehensive “multi-sectoral” and “internal and external” coordination-mechanism must be built to jointly cope with the crisis. Through reflections after the crisis, inefficiency in disposal and long-term plan could be found timely so as to adjust preplan, early warning, long-range plans, and so on.

Power grid crisis happening at home and abroad warns the urgency of power grid crisis management. It is necessary to research on online intelligent decision-making system of power-grid security based on data mining. This paper studies the status of foreign online intelligent decision-making system of power-grid security and the concrete application of foreign online intelligent decision-making system of power-grid security. Based on advanced data mining technology, by online updating safety limit-rules and automatically digging out the running rules, the safe limit values are in line with actual condition of power-grid, dispatchers can adjust the grid by running this limit and can obtain a larger cross-section delivery power-flow. In such a way, it not only can ease the power shortage situation of the system, but also improve poor power transmission ability, and produce economic benefits.

Tsunzi understood completely the distinction between heaven and man, and laid emphasis on separate duty of heaven and man. The bounden duty of heaven belongs to the nature, and heaven has no will; while the duty of man pertained to the society, the society is conscious human activity. As to the relationship between heaven and man, he emphasized that man can recognize the heaven, that is to say , man can recognize the natural law, and make use of the nature. Especially, regarding man the most precious beings in the whole of creation as his foothold, Tsunzi laid stress on human activity and subjectivity. This article analyzes Tsunzi's ecological objective of oustainable development: Heaven Correlating with man; the establishment of subject status of man to nature; materialization of the ecological ethics goals.

The relationship between power industry and the national economic development are being more and more closely associated. The power companies supported by the government policy and attention in the stock market has gotten the developing priority, and has also been becoming one of important blocks on the stock markets. Use DEA method, select the appropriate input and output indexes, analyze the relative efficiency of the power companies and give evaluation of the results. Not only power companies, the majority of the shareholders, but also political decision-makers could get references from DEA evaluation.

Top management team (TMT) who are in charge of the right of decision-making and control, determine the rise and fall of the enterprise. Therefore, it is important to research systematically TMT. This paper, on the basis of research results at home and abroad, establishes evaluation index system of TMT from four levels: productivity, TMT composition, adaptability and effectiveness. By use of the theory of FAHP and Rough Set, it builds up evaluation model of TMT system, and inspects the validity and effectiveness of index system and evaluation model of TMT system through the way of empirical study.

In this paper, a novel 2S P S + PR R P R parallel manipulator with 3-leg 5-dof is proposed, and its kinematics, statics and workspace are studied systematically. First, the structure constraints and the inverse displacement are analysed. Second, the formulae for solving the inverse/forward velocities and accelerations, the active/constrained forces are derived. Third, a workspace is constructed and analysed. The analytic results are verified by its simulation mechanism to be consistent with the calculated ones.

To investigate clinical outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and liver cirrhosis (LC) patients under whole-course management with lamivudine (LAM).This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study based on two nonrandom cohorts of Chinese patients (LAM group and history control group). Two hundred thirty-eight patients with LAM treatment for at least 12 mo under whole-course management were included in the LAM group. The management measures included regular follow-up and timely adjustment of the therapeutic regimen according to drug-resistance and relapse. Two hundred thirty-eight patients with CHB or LC without any antiviral treatment and with follow-up over 12 mo were included in the history control group. The LAM and control group patients were 1:1 matched by propensity score method to ensure both patients were similar in general datum, sex, age, E antigen, and diagnosis. The incidence rates of endpoint events [LC, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and death] were compared between the LAM and control groups.Hepatitis B virus-DNA < 1000 copies per mL rate and rate of alanine transaminase < 1.3 of the upper normal limit in LAM and control groups were 89.1% vs 18.5% (P < 0.05) and 89.8% vs 31.1% (P < 0.05), respectively. Viral breakthrough occurred in 77 patients (32.4%); the one-, three-, and five-year cumulative rates were 6.8%, 33.1%, and 41.3%, respectively. In total, 44.5% (106/238) of patients had once stopped LAM, and 63 (59.4%) of them developed virologic relapse; the relapse rate of patients with and without reaching Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver endpoint criteria were 52.4% and 69.8%, respectively. Six CHB patients in the LAM group developed LC compared to 47 patients in the control group; the three-, and five-year cumulative rates of CHB at baseline of LAM were lower than those of the control group: 0.7% vs 12.0% and 1.8% vs 23.8% (P < 0.01), respectively. The incidence of HCC in CHB at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group; the three-, and five-year cumulative rates were 0% vs 3.2% and 1.1% vs 3.2% (P = 0.05), respectively. The incidence of HCC in LC at baseline of LAM was lower than that of the control group: 9.8% (5/51) vs 25.0% (12/48), and the three-, and five-year cumulative rates were 4.5% vs 20.7% and 8.1% vs 37.5% (P < 0.01), respectively. The mortality rate in the LAM group was lower than the control group.Standardized long-term LAM treatment in combination with comprehensive management can reduce the incidence rates of LC and HCC as well as hepatitis B virus-related deaths.

Taking the development of industrial economic in Jiangsu Province for example, introducing the status of industrial enterprises, this work gives total analysis of various financing pattern: credit financing, debt financing, financing lease and private equity in Jiangsu. And according to concrete data, indicate the industrial enterprises constraint in industrial financing channels. Finally, suggestions on how to explore financing channels were given systematically.

It is the realized choice and the inevitable trend that cold-chain logistics should be used under the condition of great circulation. Nowadays the physical unit, customer base, service guarantee and policy environment of the cold-chain logistics are formed gradually. It establishing a hypothetical model caused by cold-chain, developing a model for expanding analysis and deduction, revealing cold-chain’s forming mechanism and the different expression with differently outsourcing risk conditions, providing some good advice to avoid and against the risk for cold-chain.

Power grid crises, which have frequently taken place at home and abroad, alert the importance of power grid crises management. With the development of interconnection of big power grid, a small-disturbance stability of a power system should not be ignored. This article introduce the basic concept of power grid crises management and the basic principle of small-disturbance theory to analyze the damping character of Jiangsu power grid, adopts Prony theory to prove the above calculated result, then researches the effect of PSS device to raise the damping property of power system. This study has theoretical and practical significance to guarantee the security and stability of power grid.

This paper proposes a systematic methodology for dimension synthesis, kinematics, and statics of a novel 2SP̱S+SP̱R+SP parallel manipulator with 3DOF. First, a workspace is varied and analyzed by varying the orientation of a revolute joint, and an optimum orientation of revolute joint is determined. Second, the inverse displacement is analyzed, and the formulas are derived for solving general inverse/forward velocities and accelerations. Third, the geometric constraints of constrained forces are determined and the formulas are derived for solving the active/constrained forces.

Objective To observe the curative effect of Shexiang Baoxing Pills on coronary heart diease in patients with heart failure (CHF). Methods 116 patients on coronary heart disease with heart failure were divided randomly into two groups, one was regular treatment group treated with diuretic, ACE inhibitor, β-Blockers and digitoxin, and another was Shexiang Baoxing Pills treatment group treated with Shexiang Baoxing Pills on the basis of above regular treatment. All the patients were followed up for 6 months and observed the changes of the clinical symptoms, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (Lived), 6 min walking distance and myocardial ischaemia paroxysm count of 24 h. Results After Shexiang Baoxing Pills, each index of the Shexiang Baoxing Pills treatment group was obviously improved and the LVEF was higher than regular treatment group (p Conclusion Shexiang Baoxing Pills can be the effective drug used in clinic for treating chronic heart failure.

Many immunologic aspects of atopic dermatitis have been studied, but basic pathobiologic mechanisms of this disease remain unknown. In this study, we measured the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by peripheral blood T cells and monocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis in comparison to normal control subjects and patients with chronic psoriasis. We found that peripheral blood T cells isolated from patients with atopic dermatitis produced significantly higher levels of IL-6 (36.1 +/- 5.1 units/ml, n = 22) than T cells derived from either normal subjects (12.6 +/- 1.9 units/ml, n = 22) or patients with chronic psoriasis (26.7 +/- 4.1 units/ml, n = 7). T-cell activation was also measured in the patients with atopic dermatitis by soluble serum IL-2 receptor levels and were found to be significantly higher (623.7 +/- 8.1 units/ml, n = 8) than normal subjects (357.2 +/- 26.0 units/ml, n = 8). In contrast to the increased production of IL-6 by T cells in atopic dermatitis, there was no significant difference in the IL-6 production by peripheral blood monocytes derived from patients with atopic dermatitis compared to normal subjects. Thus, peripheral blood T cells derived from patients with AD spontaneously produce increased amounts of IL-6 compared to T cells from normal subjects, which may reflect the increased activation state of T cells in atopic dermatitis. These data support the concept that activated T cells or subsets of T cells may be important effector cells in mediating inflammatory activity in atopic disease.