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The city of Yangon is home to over 5 million people, hosts Myanmar's largest port and produces a disproportionate share of national output. But a mobility crisis is undermining the city's economic potential and contributing to a deteriorating quality of life for its residents. The most obvious symptom of this crisis is acute traffic congestion. The proximate causes are clear: growing demand for journeys, a surge in vehicle numbers, a modal shift away from buses, and myriad ‘flow disruptions’. However, solving this mobility crisis requires recognizing the underlying causes, including a ‘congestion incentive spiral’ fuelled by rapid liberalisation of vehicle imports in a context where there are few viable alternatives to buses and private automobiles. This situation is a direct consequence of systematic failures in urban planning, investment and regulation linked to active neglect from successive military regimes and dysfunctional institutional arrangements. To preserve its rich urban heritage, Yangon will need to embrace 21st century integrated planning practices that seek to maximise accessibility and mobility for all people rather than minimise traffic congestion for those who use cars.

In this paper, we describe a systolic Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of the Fastfood algorithm that is optimised to run at a high frequency. The Fastfood algorithm supports online learning for large scale kernel methods. Empirical results show that 500 MHz clock rates can be sustained for an architecture that can solve problems with input dimensions that are $10^3$ times larger than previously reported. Unlike many recent deep learning publications, this design implements both training and prediction. This enables the use of kernel methods in applications requiring a rare combination of capacity, adaption and speed.

OBJECTIVES: Chronic gastrointestinal distress (GID) effects up to 33.8% of people and results in over 15 million outpatient visits in the US annually. Currently, probiotic and prebiotic supplements are recommended by physicians, dietitians, and other healthcare providers to normalize GI function and to mitigate symptoms associated with certain disease states. GlutenShield (GS) is a commercially available nutritional supplement designed to contain an appropriate balance of pre- and probiotics as well as digestive enzymes to improve symptoms associated with GID. The aim of this study was to determine the tolerance to and/or benefits of GS supplementation on adults with GID. METHODS: This was a partially blinded pilot study in which all subjects completed a 2-week washout and were then randomized to receive GS or the placebo 3 times/day with meals. Participants completed a pre-treatment FFQ as well as a pre- and post-treatment GID questionnaire, POMS questionnaire, blood draw, and stool sample. RESULTS: No differences between placebo and treatment groups were found for serum inflammatory cytokines or fecal volatile fatty acids (area % or concentration) (P > 0.05). A significant reduction in IgG2 was observed in the GS group (7110.4 vs 4185.56; P = 0.008) as well as a significant reduction in self-reported bloating (P = 0.038) and approaching significant reduction in total GID (P = 0.083). Fecal insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) percentage significantly increased in the placebo group (P = 0.012), with no change in the GS group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Research findings suggest that GS was well tolerated and perceived to be beneficial compared to placebo; however, further research is needed to identify the specific patient population of GID patients who could most benefit from GS supplementation. Future analysis of microbiome data of subjects could provide additional insight. Clinical trial ID: NCT03403387. FUNDING SOURCES: ETSU (CCRHS, Dean's Research Enhancement Award and CPH, Health Sciences Funding) and Shield Nutraceuticals, LLC.

The death of a child in the emergency department (ED) is one of the most challenging problems facing ED clinicians. This revised technical report and accompanying policy statement reaffirm principles of patient- and family-centered care. Recent literature is examined regarding family presence, termination of resuscitation, bereavement responsibilities of ED clinicians, support of child fatality review efforts, and other issues inherent in caring for the patient, family, and staff when a child dies in the ED. Appendices are provided that offer an approach to bereavement activities in the ED, carrying out forensic responsibilities while providing compassionate care, communicating the news of the death of a child in the acute setting, providing a closing ritual at the time of terminating resuscitation efforts, and managing the child with a terminal condition who presents near death in the ED.

This study examines the differences in autonomy development between second year college students who typically stayed on campus on weekends and those who often left campus on weekends during their freshman year. Possible implications for activities programming on college campuses, particularly in residence halls, are explored.