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A series of planar 1,5,2,4,6,8-dithiotetrazocine derivatives were synthesized for study on charge transfer at donor/acceptor interface. The fluorescence quenching spectra, and the highest occupied molecular orbital (−6.10 ∼ −6.25 eV) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (−3.45 ∼ −3.58 eV) energy levels of these 1,5,2,4,6,8-dithiotetrazocine derivatives show that they would be potential acceptor materials. Based on theoretical calculations, thermodynamic study on charge transfer at donor/acceptor interface was carried out. The results of experiments and theoretical calculations show that the electrons could transfer spontaneously from poly(3-hexylthiophene) to these acceptors. The percentages of fluorescence quenching increase with negative Gibbs free energy values increasing in the charge transfer procedures. Therefore, short circuit current values of organic solar cells would increase with the Gibbs free energy values increasing. This paper suggests a useful way for developing efficient organic solar cells.

Planar molecules 3,7-diaryl-1,5,2,4,6,8-dithiotetrazocines would be potential acceptor materials of organic solar cell because of their containing SN units. One-pot synthetic procedures of 3,7-diaryl-1,5,2,4,6,8-dithiotetrazocine compounds are developed to improve their yields up to 2.1–5.9 times as much as those in literatures. The geometries of title compounds were optimized by the density functional theory calculations. Their optoelectronic properties were studied by ultraviolet and cyclic voltammetry spectra and fluorescence quenching experiments. The highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level values show that these compounds are suitable to be employed as acceptor materials for developing bulk heterojunction organic solar cells with high open circuit voltages. Emission fluorescence of poly(3-hexylthiophene) at excited state in dichloromethane was quenched by addition of title compound. Therefore, these compounds used as acceptor materials could exhibit good mobility.

In order to explore the safety performance of continuous structure bridge near fault zone, a typical three spans continuous girder bridge of highway was selected to study the structural seismic response. The finite element model of whole bridge considered the force characteristics of bearing and pile-soil interaction was constructed. Typical near-fault records were selected from the important earthquake events. Several artificial waves characterized with the soil type in bridge site were simulated and used for dynamic analysis. Comparing with the seismic response of bridge under three given acceleration design spectrum, the seismic performance of continuous bridge was studied by nonlinear dynamic time-history method. Research results indicates that, the seismic design spectrum considering near-fault effect, especially large amplitude pulse effect of near-fault records, will significantly enhance the seismic response of continuous girder bridge. The fact that the near-fault effect is not considered in China existing highway bridge seismic design code will increase the destructive risk of structure.

As the main body of the natural productivity, the urban greenbelt, an irreplaceable comprehensive ecological service system, plays a leading role in beautifying the urban appearance, improving the quality of the urban ecological environment, adjusting the urban ecological balance. The research of ecological service function assessment is a hot research of many domains in recent times, such as ecology, environmental science, sociology, science of culture, economics, etc. Technological innovation is not only the urgent need and significant support system of technological development, but also the urgent need of solving the existing problems of the ecological service function assessment of urban greenbelt. This paper analyzes the main barriers and corresponding countermeasures of the technological innovation, such as unsound innovation mechanism, dated technological means, fault information transform, unsound assessment system, etc., which provides enlightenment and reference for the assessment, planning, construction, management and sustainable development of the ecological service function of urban greenbelt.

This study investigated left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction associated with differential strain among myocardial layers in primary hypertension (PH) patients with or without LV hypertrophy (LVH), and normal patients. In 63 PH and 42 healthy patients, two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography was used to measure the peak systolic longitudinal and circumferential strain of the myocardial subendocardial, middle and subepicardial layers, and the peak systolic radial strain. To assess LV systolic function, the apical long axis, 4- and 2-chamber views, and parasternal short axis at the basal, middle, and apical levels were acquired by cardiovascular ultrasound (Vivid E9, GE Healthcare, USA). Overall, the pattern in peak systolic longitudinal strain among myocardial layers was subendocardial > middle > subepicardial. In the peak systolic circumferential strain, this was middle > subepicardial > subendocardial. The peak systolic longitudinal strain was normal > NLVH > LVH. Among the groups, the peak systolic circumferential strain at the basal parasternal short-axis level was statistically similar, but at the middle and the apical parasternal short-axis levels were NLVH > normal > LVH. In normal and NLVH patients, the peak radial strain was middle > apical > basal, and in LVH patients was apical > middle > basal. The peak averages of the longitudinal and subendocardial circumferential strains differed significantly when LVH compared with NLVH and normal patients. The systolic function of PH patients was damaged in comparison with normal individuals, which could be detected conveniently and accurately using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

A new algorithm based on transfer matrix method is given to analyse a new distributed feedback (DFB) structure–the distributed phase- shifted (DPS) DFB laser. In the small signal analysis, a new model is proposed with this algorithm. Considering different structures of DFB laser diode, we define a spatial-hole-burning (SHB) factor to measure the SHB effect. Compared with the λ/4 phase-shifted DFB and 3 phase-shifted DFB, the DPS-DFB structure shows a superior characteristics both in static and dynamic behavior.

To evaluate the feasibility of a novel transvesical port (TVEP) for natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) in the porcine model.The TVEP consisted of an internal guide core and external sheath design using computer-aided design software. Transvesical peritoneoscopy, renal biopsy, as well as combined transvesical/transgastric nephrectomy were performed through the TVEP in a porcine model. Operative parameters and port performance were measured.Twelve procedures were successfully performed by four surgeons. No complications occurred with introduction of the TVEP. The mean time for placement was 5.6 minutes. Steady pressure controlled CO(2) pneumoperitoneum up to 15 mm Hg with a flow of 2 L/min was achievable. The average scoring by physician of the TVEP was 4.75 for ease of placement, 5 for ability to maintain pneumoperitoneum, 4.25 for convenience of inserting instruments, and 4.5 for overall satisfaction. The average score regarding instruments exchangeability, however, was relatively low: 3.25.Real surgery using a novel TVEP is feasible in performing transvesical NOTES.

CFD numerical simulation has often been performed to analyze the characteristics of the fluid field and design the measurement device like flowmeter. It needs parallel compute to improve the efficiency. The most important factor in distributed computing is cost and the small scale cluster with multi-core CPU is very feasible for parallel computation of CFD simulation. A small scale cluster with multi-core CPU is set up to discuss the performance of parallel computation in CFD simulation. It is verified by a CFD test which simulates a flowmeter in a pipe flow field, the results show that the mesh cell scale of actual computation is very important for ideal results. They also show that our small scale cluster with multi-core CPU is of good scalability and very high efficiency.

A novel CMOS active mixer topology that can operate at low voltages (e.g. 1 v) is presented in this paper. By switching the load on or off other than switching the current, the switches require no voltage headroom. Because the switches are capacitively connected to the load, the switch can operate under full swing allowed by the supply voltage and contribute no thermal noise. The mixer is designed in 0.18 um CMOS technology, and the simulation results at 1 V supply voltage are satisfactory (gain=7 dB, IP3=7 dBm, NF-11 dB).

Objective To investigate the distribution of ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism and the association of the ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Chinese Han population of Sunan region. Methods This study was conducted with a case-control design including 545 patients with ACS (ACS group) and 567 control subjects who were free from coronary artery disease (control group). ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results There were AA, AT and TT genotypes of the ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism both in ACS group and control group. The genotype distribution of the ACS group and control group conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg balance via χ 2 test (p>0.05), which suggested that the selected sample was representative. As compared with those in the control group, the genotype frequency of AT (37.57% vs 48.99%, p=0.015) was higher, the genotype frequency of TT (48.15% vs 38.17%, p=0.034) was lower, and the frequencies of AA genotype (14.28% vs 12.84%, p=0.054) and T allele (66.93% vs 62.66%, p=0.330) were not significantly different (all p>0.05) in ACS group. Subgroup analysis showed that as compared with those in control group respectively: (1) the genotype frequency of AT (30.30% vs 56.41%, p=0.003) was higher, the genotype frequency of TT (53.30% vs 32.50%, p=0.017) was lower, and the frequencies of AA genotype (16.67% vs 13.54%, p=0.263) and T allele (68.33% vs 60.26%, p=0.331) were not significantly different (all p>0.05) in AMI group; (2) the genotype frequency of AT (30.30% vs 47.14%, p=0.045) was higher, the frequencies of AA (16.67% vs 10.00%, p=0.146) and TT (53.33% vs 42.86%, p=0.291) genotypes and T allele (68.33% vs 60.26%, p=0.727) were not significantly different (all p>0.05) in UAP group; (3) the frequency of T allele (68.06% vs 82.42%, p=0.046) was higher in male ACS group and not significantly different (p>0.05) in female ACS group, there were no significant statistical difference of the genotype frequencies of AA ((13.19% vs 8.02%) and (5.41% vs 14.04%)), AT ((37.50% vs 33.69%) and (37.99% vs 45.03%)) and TT ((49.31% vs 58.29%) and (46.59% vs 40.94%)) in male ACS group and female ACS group (all p value >0.05); (4) the genotype frequency of AT (38.58% vs 50.93%, p=0.041) was higher, the genotype frequency of TT (48.66% vs 35.28%, p=0.020) was lower, the frequencies of AA (12.76% vs 13.79%, p=0.722) genotype and T (61.22% vs 60.74%, p=0.931) allele were not significantly different in elderly ACS group; (5) the frequencies of AA (16.96% vs 10.11%, p=0.127), AT (36.09% vs 50.00%, p=0.078) and TT (46.96% vs 39.39%, (p=0.338) genotypes and T allele (65.00% vs 64.29%, p=0.932) were not significantly different in premature ACS group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was statistically significant correlation of AT and TT genotype, and T allele with ACS (P was 0.001, 0.001 and 0.031, respectively). Furthermore, subgroups analysis showed that AT and TT genotype were correlated with AMI (all p Conclusion Three genotypes including AA, AT and TT genotypes exist in the ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A both in ACS group including its subgroups and control group. There was statistically significant association of the SG13S114T/A polymorphism of ALOX5AP gene with risk of ACS, AMI, UAP, male ACS and the elderly ACS in the Chinese Han population of Sunan region, which suggest ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism play a potential role in the origin and development of ACS.

Objective To investigate the distribution of ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A polymorphism and the relationship between the ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Chinese Han population of Sunan region. Methods Four hundred and ninety four patients with ACS (ACS group) and 479 control subjects who were free from coronary artery disease (control group) were recruited into the study. The SG13S89G/A polymorphism in ALOX5AP gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results The AA, GA and GG genotype of ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A exist both in ACS group and control group. The genotype distribution of the ACS group and control group conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg balance via χ 2 test (p>0.05), which suggested that the selected sample is representative. As compared with those in the control group, there was no statistical difference of the frequencies of AA (0.21% vs 0.20%), GA (5.01% vs 5.06%) and GG (94.78% vs 94.74%) genotype, and G allele (97.29% vs 97.27%) in ACS group (all p>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was no statistically significant correlation of ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A AA, GA and GG genotype, and G allele with ACS (all p>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that as compared with those in the control group, respectively, there was no significant difference of the frequencies distribution of AA, GA and GG genotype, and G allele in the AMI group, the UAP group, male ACS group, female ACS group and the elderly ACS group (all p>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis for above-mentioned five subgroup showed that there were no association of any genotype and G allele of the ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A with AMI, UAP, male ACS, female ACS and the elderly ACS (all p>0.05). Conclusion In the Chinese Han population of Sunan region, three genotypes including AA, GA and GG of ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A exist both in ACS group and control group; and there are no association of the ALOX5AP gene SG13S89G/A polymorphism with ACS, AMI, UAP, male ACS, female ACS and the elderly ACS.

Objectives To investigate the association between 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Chinese Han population of Sunan region. Methods All of 300 patients with AMI and 415 control subjects free from coronary artery disease were recruited into the study. The ALOX5AP SG13S114T/A polymorph ism gene was determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results (1) Compared with the control group, there was statistical difference of the frequencies of TT and AT genotype in the AMI group (p value was 0.027 and 0.032 respectively); the frequencies of T allele was not significantly different (59.50% vs 64.82%, p=0.324). (2) subgroup revealed: The frequencies of AA, AT, TT genotype and the T allele of the SG13S114T/A had no association with AMI in male group, but the frequency of TT genotype had significant correlation with AMI in female. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that there was significantly correlation between ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A AT and TT with AMI (p value was 0.000 and 0.001 respectively). Tallele had significantly association with AMI (p=0.038). There w as statistical difference of the frequencies of AT and TT genotype with AMI in both male and female (p value was 0.010 and 0.040 respectively in male group; p value was 0.010 and 0.004 respectively in female group), Tallele was a significant risk factor for AMI in the female carrier (p=0.026), but had no association with AMI in male (p=0.285). Conclusions Conclusion: The ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism may be associated with the susceptibility to AMI in the Chinese Han population of Sunan region. The T allele was a significant genetical risk factor for AMI and was the susceptibility to AMI in the female.

Objectives To investigate the association of the serum leukotrienes (LT) B4 level with the ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Chinese Han population of Sunan region. Methods The ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism was genotyped by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and the serum LTB4 level (M/IQR) was measured by ELISA in 262 AMI patients (AMI group) and 132 subjects without coronary heart disease (CHD) (control group). Results Serum LTB4 level in AMI group was significantly higher than the one in control group (477.97/370.52 pg/ml vs 200.57/236.65 pg/ml, p 0.05), and there was also no significant difference in serum LTB4 level among any genotypes in this locus within the same gender (p>0.05). The serum LTB4 level was positively correlated with the smoking, and unrelated with the gender, age, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidaemia in AMI patients. Conclusions In Chinese Han population of Sunan region, there are polymorphisms of ALOX5AP gene SG13S114 in patients with AMI and subjects without CHD. The serum LTB4 level in AMI patients is higher than those in subjects without CHD, but unrelated with ALOX5AP gene SG13S114 polymorphism.

Objectives To investigate the association of the serum leukotrienes (LT) B4 level with the risk of unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and the arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism in Chinese Han population of Sunan region. Methods The polymorphism in the ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A was genotyped by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and the serum LTB4 level (M/IQR) was measured by ELISA in 141 UAP patients (UAP group) and 132 subjects without coronary heart disease (control group). Results The serum LTB4 level in UAP group was significantly higher than the one in control group (352.52/255.48 pg/ml vs 200.28/237.10 pg/ml, p Conclusions The serum LTB4 level is significantly higher in UAP patients and has significant correlation with the risk of UAP, but unrelated with ALOX5AP gene SG13S114 polymorphism.

Objectives To investigate the possible association between arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (ALOX5AP) gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in male. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 374 ACS patients documented by coronary angiography and 288 control subjects without coronary artery disease. The ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A polymorphism was determined by PCR and restruction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results Compared with those in control group, there was no statistical difference of frequencies of AA, AT and TT genotype (p>0.05) and the T allele frequency was obviously higher (68.06% vs 82.42%, p Conclusions The AT and TT genotype and the T allele of ALOX5AP gene SG13S114T/A may be associated with the susceptibility to ACS in male.